Abstract
Adverse effects of wastewater on the hygiene of human and circumstances is a major issue in society. Appropriate refining systems with high efficiency is required to treat the wastewater. Sewage treatment plant plays a major and important role in conserving incredible nature of the environment. Microbiologically Induced Corrosion (MIC) is an important phenomenon in sewage structures which causes the deterioration of infrastructures. Huge capital has been spent and efforts have been made on wastewater treatment infrastructure to increase operating efficiency and reliability of compliance. The investments in reimbursement and maintenance of sewer structures upsurge with an increase in the rate of MIC. The focus of this review is to describe MIC in sewer structure and the factors influencing the corrosion such as the generation of Sulfuric acid (H2SO4), Relative Humidity (RH), pH of the concrete structure and temperature. Modern developments in the design of Fiber Optical Sensors (FOSs) for observing the parameters including pH, Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S), RH and temperature will be discussed.
Highlights
The outcome of the analysis revealed that the sensor is reliable in measuring the temperature and humidity data in harsh environments
Microbial activities and other acids generated due to the treatment process makes the sewer infrastructure a more acidic and corrosive environment which leads to the corrosion of concrete structures
Exposure of sewer pipes to corrosive environment contrarily influences the reliability of these structures and overtime period results in the failure of the sewer framework
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. A common aspect of modern sewer networks is that they are buried underground, and most average citizens do not know the size and sophistication of the systems During their service life, sewage treatment plants can undergo severe structural loads, environment and weather conditions that can cause stress, cracking, and deformation [8]. Induced corrosion is a very particular form of degradation process for sewer-exposed concrete that has intensified in recent days due to stricter government controls on the limits of the quality and toxicity of industrial wastewater to be discharged to sewer systems. It can substantially reduce the lifespan of concrete structures.
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