HPV Prevalence Research Articles

The Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Human Papillomavirus-Positive Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in a Single-Institution Cohort.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a head and neck cancer more frequent among East Asian populations compared with Western populations. While much is known about human papillomavirus's (HPV's) role in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), little is known about its prevalence and prognostic value in NPC. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of HPV in NPC treated with definitive radiotherapy at a single institution. A retrospective cohort analysis of patient's medical records and HPV status treated for NPC in Rambam Health Care Campus (Rambam HCC). Immunohistochemical staining for p16 was used as a surrogate marker of HPV infection in the tumor cells. All specimens were stained and evaluated by pathologists at the referring center independently. In total, 87 patients diagnosed with NPC were treated at Rambam HCC between 2005 and 2018. Seventy-four patients had accessible data on the disease's clinical parameters and p16 status. In total, 10/74 (13.5%) had p16-positive staining in tumor cells; 75% were men and over 50% were smokers. The average age of diagnosis for the whole cohort was 48 years, being lower for p16-positive patients compared with p16-negative patients at 43 and 49 years old, respectively. A total of 84% of the patients had advanced disease of stage III and IV at presentation. Only 16% were diagnosed with stage I and II. Unlike the p16-negative group, the p16-positive group did not include any stage I or II disease. In univariate and multivariate analysis of overall survival rates, the age at diagnosis and the nodal spread status were the only statistically significant measures. P16 status was not found to be associated with survival. The HPV prevalence in NPC is nontrivial. p16-positive patients had significantly less nodal spread and tended to be younger. Both age and nodal status were significantly correlated with the survival, but P16 status was not prognostic. Further large-scale trials are needed to elucidate the role of HPV in NPC.

Detection of human papillomavirus in archival bladder and ovarian cancer samples

ProblemHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-established causative agent of cervical cancer. However, its role in the development of bladder and ovarian cancer is under debate. Current study evaluated the role of high-risk HPV genotypes 16 and 18 in triggering bladder and ovarian carcinomas. MethodsA total of 80 formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) archival tissue specimens of both bladder (n = 40) and ovarian carcinoma (n = 40) were tested for the presence of HPV integrants and HPV 16 genotype and HPV 18 genotype. Results and conclusionThe PCR results showed that 5% (2/40) of bladder cancer samples were HPV positive with equal prevalence of HPV 16 in both sexes (1:1) while 22.5% (9/40) of ovarian cancer samples came positive for HPV with only one positive for HPV 16. These results indicate association of HPV with bladder and ovarian carcinomas, HPV 16 genotype being more prevalent than 18. The study emphasizes that HPV is a serious issue in low- and middle-income countries where existing methods of prevention are still inadequate or costly. Timely HPV screening can help lower the burden of HPV-induced carcinomas. Furthermore, systematic HPV vaccination program among the young population is paramount.

A single dose of quadrivalent HPV vaccine is highly effective against HPV genotypes 16 and 18 detection in young pregnant women eight years following vaccination: an retrospective cohort study in Fiji

In 2008/9, Fiji vaccinated >30,000 girls aged 9-12 years with the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (4vHPV) vaccine coverage for at least one dose was >60% (one dose only was 14%, two dose only was 13%, three doses was 35%). We calculated vaccine effectiveness (VE) of one, two and three doses of 4vHPV against oncogenic HPV genotypes 16/18, eight years following vaccination. A retrospective cohort study was undertaken (2015-2019) in pregnant women ≤23years old, eligible to receive 4vHPV in 2008/9, with confirmed vaccination status. The study was restricted to pregnant women due to the cultural sensitivity of asking about sexual behavior in Fiji. For each participant a clinician collected a questionnaire, vaginal swab and genital warts examination, a median eight (range 6-11) years post vaccination. HPV DNA was detected by molecular methods. Adjusted VE (aVE) against the detection of vaccine HPV genotypes (16/18), the comparison group of non-vaccine genotypes (31/33/35/39/45/51/52/56/58/59/66/68), and genital warts were calculated. Covariates included in the adjusted model were: age, ethnicity and smoking, according to univariate association with any HPV detection. Among 822 participants the prevalence of HPV 16/18 in the unvaccinated, one, two and three-dose groups were 13.3% (50/376), 2.5% (4/158), 0% (0/99) and 1.6% (3/189), respectively; and for the non-vaccine high-risk genotypes, the detection rate was similar across dosage groups (33.2%-40.4%, p=0.321). The aVE against HPV 16/18 for one, two and three doses were 81% (95% CI; 48-93%), 100% (95% CI; 100-100%), and 89% (95% CI; 64-96%), respectively. Prevalence of HPV 16/18 was lower among women with longer time since vaccination. A single dose 4vHPV vaccine is highly effective against HPV genotypes 16 and 18 eight years following vaccination. Our results provide the longest duration of protection for reduced dose 4vHPV schedule in a low- or middle-income country in the Western Pacific region. This study was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Australian Government and Fiji Health Sector Support Program (FHSSP). FHSSP is implemented by Abt JTA on behalf of the Australian Government.

Human papillomavirus prevalence and type distribution in Chinese juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis patients

Objective: To evaluate HPV prevalence and type distribution in Chinese juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JoRRP) patients. Methods: We searched China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library for studies assessing HPV infection of Chinese JoRRP patients up to 1 October, 2022. Two authors independently performed literature selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. HPV prevalence and HPV type-specific prevalence were pooled using a random effects model after Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation. All analyses were performed with R 4.1.3 software. Results: Nineteen publications investigating HPV infection of JoRRP patients were included in the final analyses. Of these, 16 studies reported HPV prevalence with a sample size of 1 528 patients, and 11 studies reported HPV6 prevalence and HPV11 prevalence with a sample size of 611 patients. All studies were graded as medium quality. In Chinese JoRRP patients, the synthesized HPV prevalence was 92.0% (95%CI:86.0%-96.6%, I2=87%), HPV6 prevalence was 42.4% (95%CI:34.9%-50.1%, I2=61%), and HPV11 prevalence was 72.3% (95%CI:59.0%-83.9%, I2=87%). All the pooled prevalence persisted in subgroup analyses stratified by publication year, sample size, and specimen type (P>0.05). There was no evidence of publication bias. In Chinese JoRRP patients, HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 52, and 58 prevalence was very low. Conclusions: Our findings suggested high HPV prevalence in Chinese JoRRP patients, and the most common HPV types were HPV6 and HPV11.

Notification of cytopathological exams in the Unaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil

The onset of sexual activity in adolescence suggests an important cause for the increased prevalence of HPV and lesions caused by its infection, such as cervical cancer. Cervicovaginal cytopathological exam is considered the main prevention and early detection strategy for this type of cancer and precursor lesions. The aim of this study was to present the clinical and epidemiological profile of cytopathological tests carried out by adolescents aged 15-19 years in the city of Unaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The methodological processes were established in an epidemiological, descriptive, cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach. The study population consisted of 195 cytopathological tests from teenagers, aged 15-19 years, corresponding to an adolescent public with active sexual activity, registered in SISCAN according to the tests reported in SISCOLO between 2014-2020. Analyzing the data, it was possible to verify a low adherence of adolescents to preventive exam, that performance of cytopathological exams was conducted mainly for screening (89.8%, n = 175), and that 71.3% (n = 139) were not considered within normal limits, so it can be concluded that there should be a reduction in the minimum age for the preventive exam, in addition to greater emphasis on health education actions for young women.

Prevalence and genotype screening of human papillomavirus among women attending a private hospital in Northern Cyprus: an 11-year retrospective study

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted pathogen both in men and women. Accumulating epidemiological evidence supports a strong association between HPV infection and cancer of the cervix, vulva, vagina, anus, and penis. Currently, data on the HPV prevalence and genotyping is lacking in Northern Cyprus, a region in which HPV vaccination is not freely accessible via the national immunization program. The aim of this study was to evaluate the HPV type-specific prevalence in women with and without cytological abnormalities living in Northern Cyprus.MethodsA total of 885 women who presented to the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic between January 2011 and December 2022 were included in the study. Samples were collected for cytology. Cervical specimens were investigated for the presence of HPV-DNA and genotyping of HPV was performed using real-time polymerase chain reaction (rtPCR). Cytological examination was interpreted according to the Bethesda system.ResultsAmong all patients, overall high-risk HPV DNA prevalence was 44.3%. HPV-16 and HPV-18 positivity was found in 10.4% and 3.7% of women respectively, while other high-risk HPV (OHR-HPV) was the most frequent type of HPV (30.2%). The highest frequency of HPV infection was observed in the 30–55 age group (51.0%), followed by the < 30 age group (45.7%). Co-infection with two or more HPV types was observed in 17.0% of all positive samples, in which the prevalence of HPV-16 + HPV-18 was 2.3%, HPV-16 + OHR-HPV and HPV-18 + OHR-HPV was 12.0% and 5.1%, respectively. Among the screened patients, 37.5% had abnormal and 62.5% had normal cytology results. HR-HPV positivity was 65.7% and 34.0% in patients with abnormal and normal cytology. The highest incidence of HRC-HPV was OHR-HPV types (44.7%) in positive cytology cases. Among women with a cytology result of ASCUS, L-SIL, H-SIL and unspecified dysplasia, 52.1%, 67.6%, 97.5% and 75.6% were respectively infected with HR-HPV.ConclusionThe present study provides the latest epidemiological data related to HPV prevalence and genotype distribution among women living in Northern Cyprus. Considering the unavailability of free vaccination in the community, it is imperative to implement local HPV screening programs and provide guidelines on HPV prevention and measures during early school education.

Prevalence and genotype distribution of HPV infection among women in Xiamen, China.

This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of HPV and genotype distribution among female populations in Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, which can be conducive for local governments to formulate cervical cancer screening and HPV vaccine strategies. Cervical swabs were collected from 47,926 participants aged 16-92 years at the Women and Children's Hospital, Xiamen University, from November 2019 to June 2020. HPV DNA was extracted and detected using conventional PCR, followed by HPV subtype-specific hybridisation. HPV infection rates based on different groups were compared using the χ2 test. HPV prevalence and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated using SPSS 19.0. The overall HPV prevalence among the 47,926 cervical swabs that were analysed was 15.13%, of which single, double, and multiple infections accounted for 76.83, 16.70 and 6.47%, respectively. The age-specific prevalence of HPV infection presented a "U" curve with a HPV prevalence peak observed in women aged <20 years. The gynaecology clinic group had significantly higher HPV positive rates than the health examination group (p < 0.001). The five most common HR-HPV subtypes in Xiamen were HPV52, 58, 16, 51, and 39 (2.69, 1.63, 1.23, 1.05, and 0.98%, respectively). The five most common LR-HPV subtypes were HPV54, 61, 81, 70, 34, and 84 (0.92, 0.86, 0.71, 0.45 and 0.35%, respectively). Our findings demonstrate that the 9-valent HPV vaccine is recommended for regular immunisation in Xiamen. It is necessary for elderly women to participate in HPV screening to decrease the morbidity and mortality of cervical cancer.

A Metagenomic Analysis of the Virome of Inverted Papilloma and Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Inverted papilloma (IP) is a sinonasal tumor with a well-known potential for malignant transformation. The role of HPV in its pathogenesis has been controversial. The purpose of this study was to determine theviromeassociated with IP, with progression to carcinoma-in-situ, and invasive carcinoma. To determine the HPV-specific types, a metagenomics assay that contains 62,886 probes targeting viral genomes in a microarray format was used. The platform screens DNA and RNA from fixed tissues from 8 control tissue, 16 IP without dysplasia, 5 IP with carcinoma-in-situ, and 13 IP-associated squamous cell carcinoma (IPSCC). Paired with next-generation sequencing, 48 types of HPV with 857 region-specific probes were interrogated against the tumors. The prevalence of HPV16 was 14%, 42%, 70% and 73% in control tissue, IP without dysplasia, IP with CIS, and IPSCC, respectively. The prevalence of HPV18 had a similar progressive increase in prevalence, with 14%, 27%, 67%, and 74%. The assay allowed region-specific analysis which identified the only oncogenic HPV type 18 E6 to be statistically significant when comparing to control tissue. The prevalence of HPV18-E6 was 0% in control tissue, 25% in IP without dysplasia, 60% in IP with CIS, and 77% in IPSCC. There are over 200 HPV types that infect human epithelial cells, of which only a few are known to be high-risk. Our study demonstrated a trend of increasing prevalence of HPV18-E6 that correlated with histologic severity, which is novel and supports a potential role for HPV in the pathogenesis of IP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccination in sub-saharan Africa: a systematic review

BackgroundHuman Papilloma Virus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Globally, both men and women have a 50% risk of being infected at least once in their life. HPV prevalence is among the highest in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), at an average of 24%. HPV causes different types of cancers, including cervical cancer (CC), which is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in SSA. HPV-vaccination has been proven to be effective in reducing HPV induced cancers. SSA countries are delayed in reaching the WHO’s target of fully vaccinating 90% of girls within the age of 15 by 2030. Our systematic review aims to identify barriers and facilitators of HPV-vaccination in SSA to inform national implementation strategies in the region.MethodsThis is a mixed method systematic review based on the PRISMA statement and The Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual. Search strategies were adapted to each selected database: PubMed/MEDLINE, Livivo, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and African Journals Online for papers published in English, Italian, German, French and Spanish between 1 December 2011 and 31 December 2021. Zotero and Rayyan were the software used for data management. The appraisal was conducted by three independent reviewers.ResultsA total of 20 articles were selected for appraisal from an initial 536 articles. Barriers included: limited health system capacities, socio-economic status, stigma, fear and costs of vaccines, negative experience with vaccinations, COVID-19 pandemic, lack of correct information, health education (HE) and consent. Additionally, we found that boys are scarcely considered for HPV-vaccination by parents and stakeholders. Facilitators included: information and knowledge, policy implementation, positive experience with vaccinations, HE, stakeholders’ engagement, women’s empowerment, community engagement, seasonality, and target-oriented vaccination campaigns.ConclusionsThis review synthesizes barriers and facilitators of HPV-vaccinations in SSA. Addressing these can contribute to the implementation of more effective HPV immunization programs targeted at eliminating CC in line with the WHO 90/70/90 strategy.Registration and fundingProtocol ID: CRD42022338609 registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). Partial funds: German Centre for Infection research (DZIF) project NAMASTE: 8,008,803,819.

(370) The Prevalence and Genotype Distribution of Human Papillomaviruses among Men in Korea

Abstract Introduction Human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and genotype distribution are different between various nations and regions. Additionally, previous studies have mainly focused on HPV infection in women and epidemiological studies of HPV infection in men have been rarely reported. The lack of information on the HPV genotype distribution of men in each individual country or region raises questions about the effectiveness of the current 9-valent vaccination. Objective Therefore, we aimed to investigate the HPV infection status in men in Korea to establish vaccine-based HPV prevention strategies. Methods Between January 2014 to June 2022, samples of 44,065 men, who were volunteered for testing or recommended to be tested by a clinician, were tested for the HPV detection and genotyping. Samples were collected from the coronal sulcus, glans penis, shaft, and scrotum. HPV detection and typing was conducted using the Anyplex™ II HPV 28 Detection system, which detects 19 high-risk (HR) HPVs and 9 low-risk (LR) HPVs. Results Overall HPV prevalence was 59.7%, and overall prevalence of HR and LR HPVs were 30.6% and 50.1%, respectively. The most prevalent genotypes of HR were 16 (5.2%), 53 (4.6%), 51 (4.2%), 52 (3.8%), 58 (3.7%), 39(3.6%) and 66(3.4%). Overall HPV prevalence was not associated with age. However, the prevalence of HR HPVs in teens (34.1%) and 20s (33.8%) were significantly higher than in other age groups. Of the 26,299 men with HR HPV infection, 9259 (35.2%) had a genotype that could not prevented by the 9-valent vaccine. Conclusions In this study, men aged under 30 years show high prevalence of HR HPVs. A significant number of infections of genotypes that were not prevented by 9-valent vaccine were observed. Based on this, it is considered necessary to evaluate the usefulness of developing HPV vaccination for men. Disclosure No

HPV Infection of the Oropharyngeal, Genital and Anal Mucosa and Associated Dysplasia in People Living with HIV.

The main objectives were to describe the prevalence of HPV, its genotypes and HPV-associated dysplastic lesions in the oropharyngeal mucosa of PLHIV and related factors. This cross-sectional prospective study consecutively enrolled PLHIV attending our specialist outpatient units. At visit, HIV-related clinical and analytical variables were gathered, and oropharyngeal mucosa exudates were taken to detect HPV and other STIs by polymerase chain reaction. Samples were also taken from the anal canal of all participants and from the genital mucosa of the women for HPV detection/genotyping and cytological study. The 300 participants had a mean age of 45.1 years; 78.7% were MSM and 21.3% women; 25.3% had a history of AIDS; 99.7% were taking ART; and 27.3% had received an HPV vaccine. HPV infection prevalence in the oropharynx was 13%, with genotype 16 being the most frequent (2.3%), and none had dysplasia. Simultaneous infection with Treponema pallidum (HR: 4.02 (95% CI: 1.06-15.24)) and a history of anal HSIL or SCCA (HR: 21.52 (95% CI: 1.59-291.6)) were risk factors for oropharyngeal HPV infection, whereas ART duration (8.8 vs. 7.4 years) was a protective factor (HR: 0.989 (95% CI: 0.98-0.99)). The prevalence of HPV infection and dysplasia was low in the oropharyngeal mucosae. A higher exposure to ART was protective against oral HPV infection.

Characterization of the oral microbiota among middle-aged men with and without human papillomavirus infection

ObjectivesTo characterize the oral microbiota among middle-aged men and identify differences between men with a prevalent oral high-risk (oncogenic) HPV infection and those without. Materials and MethodsThis was a case-control study nested within a prospective screening study for HPV-related cancers among middle-aged men. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to characterize the oral microbiota and the cobas HPV Test was used to detect presence of oral high-risk HPV types. We determined the overall composition of the oral microbiota and assessed differences in relative abundance of bacterial taxa as well as alpha and beta diversity among men with a prevalent oral high-risk HPV infection compared to men who were HPV-negative. ResultsAmong 13 high-risk HPV-positive and 30 HPV-negative men, we found significant differences in beta diversity but not alpha diversity. Fretibacterium, F0058, Kingella, Treponema, and Prevotella were more abundant among the high-risk HPV-positive men while Neisseria and Lactobacillus were more abundant among the HPV-negative men. ConclusionThis study adds to the evidence that the oral microbiota varies according to oral HPV infection status and may be associated with the natural history of oral HPV infection.

Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-16 in Different Dental Infections in the Lebanese Population.

Dental infections, which are the main cause of tooth loss, are known to be caused by bacteria. However, recent research suggests that other organisms, such as viruses, may also play a role. In this study, we aim to detect the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV)-16 and assess its prevalence in tissues infected with various dental infections, including aggressive and chronic periodontitis, pericoronitis, and periapical infection, as well as healthy gingival tissues, saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid, for comparison. A cross-sectional study including 124 adult healthy patients presenting with dental infections requiring dental extractions were conducted to assess the prevalence of HPV-16 in saliva, infected, and healthy tissues using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests. Samples were collected and a categorical scale was used for the prevalence. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square for the prevalence of HPV-16. Among the HPV-16-positive PCR cases, the prevalence of HPV-16 was highest in periapical infection tissues as compared to chronic periodontitis, aggressive periodontitis, pericoronitis, and control tissues. The prevalence of HPV-16 in periapical infection samples was the highest among the studied dental infection samples. Thus, a primary conclusion can be drawn about the presence of an association between HPV-16 and the occurrence of periapical infection.

Human papillomavirus genotypic characteristics of 60,685 subjects under age-expansion vaccination of the nine-valent human papillomavirus vaccine: A cross-sectional study

BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is a key initiative to promote the WHO global strategy to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer, and this study aimed to investigate the current status of HPV infection and genotypic characteristics of the population under the impact of age-expansion of nine-valent HPV vaccination policy in China. MethodsThe clinical data of 60,685 subjects who were admitted in the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and underwent HPV genotyping from January 2017 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsThe total number of positive HPV genotyping in the included population was 10,303, with a positivity rate of 17.0 %. The HPV positivity rate in the male and female populations increased slowly year by year, with a higher rate of positivity in men (32.7 %) than in women (16.7 %) (P < 0.001). HPV was predominantly single infection in all populations, with higher prevalence of high-risk HPV than low-risk HPV in females, while low-risk HPV infection was predominant in the male population. The age distribution of female subjects infected with HPV, with HPV52 as the most common type, showed a bimodal pattern. As for HPV infected male subjects, HPV6 was the main type, and there was no bimodal age distribution. The expanded age vaccination of the nine-valent HPV vaccine will result in 42.4 % efficiency of vaccine protection for 49.9 % of age-eligible women. If the nine-valent HPV vaccine were open to males in China, it would reduce HPV infections in men by 56.4 %. ConclusionsThe HPV positivity rate in the population remains high and tends to increase, and the age-expansion of the nine-valent HPV vaccine would contribute to reducing the threat of disease caused by HPV infection for age-eligible women. Moreover, attention should be paid to enhancing HPV screening in males and opening up vaccination when appropriate.

Epidemiological evidence and association of human papillomavirus with esophageal cancer in northeastern Thailand: a case-control study.

Recently, epidemiological evidence of high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) and its association with the increasing risk of esophageal cancer (EC) have been described. However, the involvement of such a virus in the pathogenesis of EC is still inconclusive in the literature. Therefore, our objective was to clarify the epidemiology of HPV infections in primarily diagnosed EC cases and validate this correlation with hospital-based control patients using a retrospective study with a case-control model. Here, we reported that the overall prevalence of HPV DNA was statistically associated with an increased risk of EC (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 2.5-4.3). Interestingly, a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) was constituted and significantly associated with HPV prevalence (adjusted OR, 4.6; 95% CI, 2.2-9.5). Furthermore, our meta-analysis in public databases also indicated that the combined OR and 95% CI between HPV infection and EC risk were 3.31 and 2.53-4.34, respectively, with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 78%). Variations in the geographic study, tissue type, and detection method remain potential predictors of heterogeneity. In addition, publication bias and sensitivity analysis were not observed, and the results exhibited stable outcomes. Collectively, we specify the recent epidemiological evidence in a validation of the distributed HPV, which might be statistically associated with an increased risk of EC. However, additional high-quality studies with larger sample sizes are needed to further verify the link between HPV and EC.

Epidemiological analysis of HPV in Sichuan during 2014–2021

Introduction: Cervical cancer is a common malignancy among woman, strong molecular epidemiological data show that high risk HPV infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Material and methods: Samples were collected from Sichuan women's and children's hospital based on the relevant guidelines and regulations, HPV DNA was extracted and evaluated by Human Papillomavirus Genotyping Kit for 21 types, according to the manufacturer's guidelines to analyze the epidemic age, mixed infection types, variation trend of HPV types in Sichuan from 2014 to 2021; Results: Out of 51174 samples11165 (21.82 %) HPV positive samples were detected, all belonging to alpha family, 53.32 % HPV positive samples and 61.51 % high-risk (HR) HPV positive samples are alpha-9 genus; The three commonest HR were HPV-52, HPV-16, HPV-58, and the low-risk (LR) HPV were HPV-81, HPV-6, HPV-11; Single infection was absolutely predominant and the age group with the highest HPV detection rate was 26–30 years old. During 2014–2021, HPV-16, HPV-6 and HPV-11 decline, while HPV-58 and HPV-52 increased; Conclusions: The most prevalent age group of HPV in this region was 26–30 years old. The detection rate of HPV-52 increased in the region, overtaking HPV-16 as the commonest type of HPV. α-9 genus HPV with strong pathogenicity is the commonest HR HPV. HPV prevalence systematic comparison in certain areas and continuous time can accurately and intuitively understand its distribution changes, achieve analysis of the epidemic trend, and provide guidance for the prevention, treatment and scientific research of HPV in Sichuan.

Exploring computer-aided health decision-making on cervical cancer interventions through deliberative interviews in Ethiopia

Cervical cancer is a significant disease burden in Ethiopia. Mathematical models and computer simulations on disease dynamics can support effective resource allocation. The objectives of this work are (i) to explore the perspectives of health decision-makers on computer-aided predictions supporting cervical cancer interventions, (ii) to identify their information needs from these predictions, and (iii) their willingness to apply the results in their work. We conducted deliberative interviews with 15 health decision-makers and advisors in Ethiopia in autumn 2019. We analyze the data using a five steps framework approach drawing on thematic analysis and find that Ethiopian health decision-makers are willing to use computer-aided predictions in their decisions. Data on HPV prevalence and the cervical cancer burden are scarce but valued highly and decision-makers are particularly interested in the identification of local HPV hotspots. Data-driven mathematical models and computer simulations may increasingly influence health decision-making in Ethiopia.

Prevalence of human papillomavirus DNA and p16INK4a positivity in vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA and p16INK4a positivity have crucial roles in the pathogenesis of vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. We aimed to examine the pooled prevalence of HPV DNA and p16INK4a positivity in vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia worldwide. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library databases for studies published between Jan 1, 1986, and May 6, 2022, that reported the prevalence of HPV DNA, or p16INK4a positivity, or both, in histologically verified vulvar cancer or vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Studies on a minimum of five cases were included. Study-level data were extracted from the published studies. Random effect models were used to examine the pooled prevalence of HPV DNA and p16INK4a positivity in both vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, which were further investigated using stratified analyses by histological subtype, geographical region, HPV DNA or p16INK4a detection method, tissue sample type, HPV genotype, publication year, and age at diagnosis. Additionally, meta-regression was applied to explore sources of heterogeneity. We retrieved 6393 search results, of which 6233 were excluded for being duplicates or after application of our inclusion and exclusion criteria. We also identified two studies from manual searches of references lists. 162 studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The prevalence of HPV in vulvar cancer (91 studies; n=8200) was 39·1% (95% CI 35·3-42·9) and in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (60 studies; n=3140) was 76·1% (70·7-81·1). The most predominant HPV genotype in vulvar cancer was HPV16 (78·1% [95% CI 73·5-82·3]), followed by HPV33 (7·5% [4·9-10·7]). Similarly, HPV16 (80·8% [95% CI 75·9-85·2]) and HPV33 (6·3% [3·9-9·2]) were also the most two predominant HPV genotypes in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. The distribution of type-specific HPV genotypes in vulvar cancer among geographical regions was different, with HPV16 varying between regions, showing a high prevalence in Oceania (89·0% [95% CI 67·6-99·5]) and a low prevalence in South America (54·3% [30·2-77·4]). The prevalence of p16INK4a positivity in patients with vulvar cancer was 34·1% (95% CI 30·9-37·4; 52 studies; n=6352), and it was 65·7% (52·5-77·7; 23 studies; n=896) in patients with vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Furthermore, among patients with HPV-positive vulvar cancer, p16INK4a positivity prevalence was 73·3% (95% CI 64·7-81·2), compared with 13·8% (10·0-18·1) in HPV-negative vulvar cancer. The prevalence of double positivity for HPV and p16INK4a was 19·6% (95% CI 16·3-23·0) in vulvar cancer and 44·2% (26·3-62·8) in vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia. Most analyses had large heterogeneity (I2>75%). The high prevalence of HPV16 and HPV33 in vulvar cancer and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia emphasised the importance of nine-valent HPV vaccination in preventing vulvar neoplasm. Additionally, this study highlighted the potential clinical significance of double positivity for HPV DNA and p16INK4a in vulvar neoplasm. Taishan Scholar Youth Project of Shandong Province, China.

Detección del virus Papiloma Humano en lesiones cancerosas orales en la ciudad de Córdoba

Oral cancer is a process thai involves diffurent etiological factors and meehanisms in the light of current view of viral cocarcinogenesis Evidenee from histology and DNA hybridization studies suggests that l-lPV is ingaged in oral carcinogenesis. The Pathology Laboratory of the Dentistry School, National University of Córdoba, admits approximately 20% of aH patients svith cancerous lesions in this city.In the January 1 992-December 1997 lapse, ve examined 1950 biopsies with oral lesions, 4.77% (93/1950 ) of which sere malignant neoplasnis. 79.571,1 /,, (74/93) were oral carcinomas. Thirty-three oral Carcinomas (44.6%; 33/74) were selcctcd at randoni andincluded in this study. 33 eells smears of normal oral mucosa of controls individuals were included. Thcy were analyzed by conventional [ight niicroSCOpy and an in situ hybridization technique for the detection o) HPV. Data were analyzed \vith chi square test. The prevalence of HPV among the 33 cancer samplcs studied vas 9/33 tested positive for l-IPV in low stringent conditions.Only one was positive in high stringent coiidi ion for 1-1 PV 16, a verrugous carcinoma. No HPV-DNA was detected in celis smcars ofcontrols. Aniong the I-IF'V positive, 3/9 (33 .33%)were squamous carcinomas and 5/9 (55.56%) were verrugous carcinomas. Onlyune vas a rrielanoma. Verrugous carcinoma vas the carcinoma most associated with the HPV inlection (x2 =20.5; 95% leve¡ ofconlidence). This would indicate a major role of FIPV in the pathogencsis of verrucous carcinomas. The viral prevalence found incancerous lesions reintbrces the concepi o)' 1ictcrogenic natures of oral cancer. HPV is a circumstancc tliat increase the probability of rnalignancy, and whcn reducing, diminish the frequency of cancer.

HPV genotypes in high-grade cervical lesions and invasive cervical carcinoma detected in Gabonese women

BackgroundCervical cancer is the third most common cancer among women worldwide, but particularly affects women living in sub-Saharan Africa. Screening and vaccination programs are two prevention approaches that can reduce cervical cancer incidence. However, effective vaccination campaigns require better knowledge of the prevalence of the main human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes reported in high-grade neoplastic lesions and invasive carcinomas in women.MethodsAll samples collected in this study were processed using standard histopathological methods with haematoxylin and eosin staining of the sections. Areas with abnormal cells were then identified. The HPV genotype was determined on the DNA extracted from the same sections using nested PCR followed by amplicon sequencing and real-time PCR specific to five different HPV genotypes (16, 18, 33, 45 and 58).ResultsA total of 132 Gabonese patients with high-grade neoplastic lesions were included in this study; 81% were squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). At least one HPV was detected in 92.4% patients; HPV16 (75.4%) was the most frequent genotype, followed by HPV18, 58, 45, 33 and 35. Moreover, histological analysis showed that SCC samples had 50% and 58.2% stage III and IV tumor cells, respectively, according to the FIGO classification. Finally, 36.9% of these stage III and IV patients were less than 50 years old.ConclusionsOur results confirm the high prevalence of HPV16 and 18 genotypes among high-grade lesions in Gabonese women. This study confirms the need for a national strategy for early screening of precancerous lesions associated with a broad national vaccination program among non-sexually active women to significantly reduce the long-term cancer burden.