Medulloblastoma (MB) is a malignant childhood brain tumor which at molecular level is classified into at least four major subtypes: WNT, SHH, groupC and groupD differing in response to treatment. Previous studies have associated changes in expression levels and activation of certain HOX genes with MB development. In the present study, we investigate the role of HOX genes in two attributes acquired by tumor cells: migration and proliferation potential, as well as, invivo tumorigenic potential. We analyzed UW402, UW473, DAOY and ONS-76 human pediatric MB cell lines and cerebellum primary cultures. Two-color microarray-based gene expression analysis was used to identify differentially expressed HOX genes. Among the various HOX genes significantly overexpressed in DAOY and ONS-76 cell lines compared to UW402 and UW473 cell lines, HOXA10 and HOXB4 were selected for further analysis. The expression levels of these HOX genes were validated by real-time PCR. A mouse model was used to study the effect of the HOXA10 and HOXB4 genes on the invivo tumorigenic potential and the invitro proliferative and migration potential of MB cell lines. Our results show that the inhibition of HOXA10 in DAOY cell line led to increased invitro cell migration while invitro cell proliferation or invivo tumorigenic potential were unaffected. We also observed that induced expression of HOXB4 in the UW473 cell line significantly reduced invitro cell proliferation and migration capability of UW473 cells with no effect on the invivo tumorigenicity. This suggests that HOXA10 plays a role in migration events and the HOXB4 gene is involved in proliferation and migration processes of medulloblastoma cells, however, it appears that these genes are not essential for the tumorigenic process of these cells.