Housing Demand Research Articles

HOUSING AFFORDABILITY STRESS AMONG THE MIDDLE- INCOME (M40) GROUP IN JOHOR BAHRU

A house as a place of residence plays an important role towards sustainable development and in improving the wellbeing of the population. The issue of housing, especially the supply and demand of low and low-medium cost housing in cities, rising house prices, quality of housing as well as housing stress has shown that housing is a critical issue that must be addressed. Housing stress usually refers to financial constraints, the reason for the inability to manage the cost of home ownership and housing expenses. Yet financial burden is not the only factor that can contribute to housing stress. There are two types of housing stress, namely physical and emotional factors that may impact negatively on the lives of residents. This paper discusses the affordability housing stress among the middle-income group (M40) that may contribute to housing stress based on a survey of 100 residents of the M40 group in Johor Bahru. The paper discusses the ability of households to rent or buy a house by considering affordable prices, the ability to repay financing, and sufficient income to meet the basic needs of life and a household.

Impact of economic crisis on sustainability of performances in high-rise residential buildings in Colombo urban area

Economic crisis is one of the most important concepts in considering economic growth and development. It affects all sectors including housing in a country. With accelerating urbanization, high-rise residential buildings have become the solution for the increasing housing demand in urban areas. Consequently, number of such buildings have emerged around the world during the past decade. As many people inhabited these residential buildings, providing required facilities continuously is vital. Thus, the performances of these properties are required to be maintained at a standard level. However, it can be challenging to do during an economic crisis. Despite the large amount of research devoted to examining the impact of economic crisis on housing sector, the insights on its impact on sustainable performance pertaining to high-rise residential buildings are rare. Therefore, this study aimed at examining the impact of economic crisis on the sustainability of performances in high-rise residential buildings in Colombo urban area. Using inductive approach and qualitative method, primary data were collected from representatives of management corporations of seven high-rise residential properties located in Colombo. Collected data were analysed using descriptive analysis, content analysis methods and Operating Model Canvas developed as the theoretical basis. Study findings revealed that all the selected buildings were equipped with all the required services for expected performances. Moreover, air conditioning, intercom, waste water disposal, cleaning service and garbage collection are the leading performances that have been negatively affected by consequences of economic crisis mainly due to fuel shortage and power failure.

Moving to the country: Understanding the effects of Covid-19 on property values and farmland development risk

As human populations grow, one strategy for meeting housing demand is through the development of agricultural land and other open space, which can generate negative externalities. This may be addressed at local, state, or federal levels with land-use planning, including farmland preservation policies. Efficient land-use planning in the presence of competing land uses requires knowledge of development risk, housing preferences, and the full costs of farmland loss. We conduct a national scale hedonic analysis using the ZTRAX program U.S. housing transaction data to investigate how COVID-19 has affected property prices in suburban and rural areas with farmland at high risk of development, for the purpose of understanding the effects of COVID-19 driven shifts in housing location preferences. Our analysis demonstrates that the pandemic caused differential price impacts across the 33 states that we analyzed. Furthermore, our estimates suggest heterogeneous price effects driven by the characteristics of nearby urban areas, with prices appreciating faster on land at risk located near smaller urban areas than those near larger urban areas. Our analysis finds that the spatial pattern of development pressure on agricultural lands, as measured through transaction prices, changed in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Policy Implementation of the No Advance House Program at PTPilar Ksatria Tidar Nusantara

Implementation of the Policy through the housing program without down payment, the company hopes to be able to catch up with the increasing demand for housing. Based on this, the authors can formulate this research problem, namely: How is the policy implementation of the house program without down payment at PT. Pilar Ksatria Tidar Nusantara Knights and what factors led to the implementation of the zero down payment housing program policy at PT. Pilar Ksatria Tidar Nusantara. In research on the implementation of subsidized housing, it was analyzed using the theory of Donald Van Meter and Van Horn (Suharsono, 2005:99) with six variables that affect implementation performance, namely: 1) Policy standards and targets, 2) Resources, 3) Inter-organizational communication and reinforcement activities, 4) Characteristics of implementing agents, 5) Economic, social and political environment 6) Attitudes of executors. The research approach that the authors use is descriptive qualitative, using key informants. Based on the results of the study that: 1) the implementation of the no-down payment housing program policy at PT. The Ksatria Tidar Nusantara pillar is good, as evidenced by the statements of both users and non-users who say this program is good and very useful for the community and 2) External constraints, namely the implementers involved in implementing the subsidized KPR program also experience various obstacles that External constraints do not only occur in policy implementers but also in society as the target group. These constraints include administrative problems such as KTPs that are not recorded at Disdukcapil, NPWP which has problems with entrepreneurs whose businesses have not been taxed while the conditions are that they must have an NPWP, as well as domiciles that do not match their original place of residence. Furthermore, the constraints on complaints from the public are related to communication which they feel has not reached them and other community acknowledgments such as some who feel that the entry fee is still too high even though it has been subsidized by the government.

Quantifying the drivers of residential housing demand – an interpretable machine learning approach

PurposeThe paper employs a unique online user-generated housing search dataset and introduces a novel measure for housing demand, namely “contacts per listing” as explained by hedonic, geographic and socioeconomic variables. Design/methodology/approachThe authors explore housing demand by employing an extensive Internet search dataset from a German housing market platform. The authors apply state-of-the-art artificial intelligence, the eXtreme Gradient Boosting, to quantify factors that lead an apartment to be in demand.FindingsThe authors compare the results to alternative parametric models and find evidence of the superiority of the nonparametric model. The authors use eXplainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques to show economic meanings and inferences of the results. The results suggest that hedonic, socioeconomic and spatial aspects influence search intensity. The authors further find differences in temporal dynamics and geographical variations.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, it is the first study of its kind. The statistical model of housing search draws on insights from decision theory, AI and qualitative studies on housing search. The econometric approach employed is new as it considers standard regression models and an eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGB or XGBoost) approach followed by a model-agnostic interpretation of the underlying effects.

Blockchain-enabled cyber-physical system for construction site management: A pilot implementation

Prefabricated construction has become one of the most innovative methods to address the pressing housing demands. However, conventional prefabricated construction projects often suffer from challenges of managing numerous paper-based documentation, non-standardized management and intricate stakeholders in construction site management (CSM). The current design approaches lack sufficient consideration of the activity-based user relationships. To facilitate the system framework design and implementation for CSM, this study proposes a generic Cyber-physical Centered (CCD) Design, illustrating an effective and systematic approach to identify user-activity relationships in a cross-collaborative context. The consideration of entity, value chain and user-activity relationships facilitate identity management and value chain management services. The proposed approach was then utilized to a pilot project to design and implement the Blockchain-enabled Cyber-physical Site Management System (BCSMS) integrated with Digital Work Supervision System (DWSS), incorporating considerations on multi-source information flow and user-centric applications design. The implemented BCSMS decentralized two types of fundamental documents in CSM - Request for Inspection and Survey Checking (RISC) form and site diary. It addresses information fragmentation and asymmetry in a cross-collaborative environment caused by manual-input and error-prone records. The proposed system was evaluated by two important system performance indicators in terms of average response time and transaction per second. The system performance test shows that the accountability of BCSMS is significant compared to DWSS, given the p-value 0.01. Blockchain effectively improves DWSS with enhanced data submission, identity management and data-driven site performance evaluation functions. This study also qualitatively analyzed the pros and cons of proposed blockchain-enabled cyber-physical system (CPS) from society-economy-technology aspects for technical practitioners, construction stakeholders and governments.

Marketing Communication Strategy In Housing Area Grand Puri Bunga Nirwana Jember Regency

Appropriate marketing communications can prevent companies from losses caused by ineffective and efficient promotional activities. In marketing studies, effective and efficient promotion activities can be included as a concept in the marketing communication mix. The speed of the housing business is now growing which is driven by urgent demands for housing needs as a place to live. Grand Puri Bunga Nirwana Jember, a property company developed by PT. Cipta Adi Perkasa which sells housing ranging from subsidized to commercial types. The approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The results of the study indicate that marketing communications are carried out by the housing company Grand Puri Bunga Nirwana Jember through several communication tools such as newspapers, online marketing (Google Adds, Instagram Adds, Facebook Adds), external media marketing (banners, banners, brochures) which can make the community arises brand trust in the products offered. In addition, there are also many prospective buyers who get information from previous buyers, so they have more trust and confidence in the products owned by the housing. This can be proven by the large number of home buyers who make repeat purchases and recommend them to their closest relatives.

Who owns the city? Neoliberal urbanism and land purchases in Gurgaon, India

Increasing purchases of valuable real estate for storing capital have contributed to the soaring prices of modest housing in many global cities and in several South Asian cities such as Mumbai, Delhi and Bangalore. Saskia Sassen has drawn attention to the phenomenon of underutilisation of purchased properties existing alongside the acute demand for housing by low- and moderate-income households in the same cities. Despite the gravity of this issue, empirical analyses of urban land transactions remain rare, especially because such purchases often tend to be piecemeal and obscure, involving a multitude of smaller land deals and a variety of actors. This paper examines corporate purchases of urban land in Gurgaon, a city adjacent to New Delhi that has embraced neoliberal economic policies. By creating a land database for the upcoming sectors in the city, the study makes sharply visible: (1) the radical changes in property ownership patterns from agricultural land to luxury gated communities, (2) the growing corporate investments, extreme concentration of land ownership and deeply unequal distribution of urban land and (3) the use of various illicit practices by market-leading companies in land banking.

Real Estate Production in Contaminated Areas and its Contribution to the 2030 Agenda: Perception of Experts for the City of São Paulo

Among the various challenges of urbanization, the relationship between environmental impacts and the difficulty of meeting the expansive demand for housing and commerce stands out. In this last aspect, the real estate sector's interest in making properties with industrial history suitable for residential or commercial use is highlighted. This interest comes up against, however, the damage caused by industrial contamination. In the municipality of São Paulo and the metropolitan region, this is a reality that is well known by the real estate sector. Therefore, the potential of Management of Contaminated Area (GAC) in providing opportunities to the real estate market is highlighted. Along with revitalization, GAC can collaborate with the quality of life in metropolises, one of the main urban sustainability goals established by the United Nations 2030 Agenda. In this sense, the objective of this work was to analyze the benefits and challenges of contaminated areas for the real estate production sector in the city of São Paulo, relating these aspects to sustainable development. The perception of nine specialists from the public and private sectors was analyzed through semi-structured interviews. The remediation and decontamination of areas impacted by industrial activities promote the revitalization of areas, increasing the availability of properties with safe use and contributing to society. The benefits of investing in contaminated areas, performed by categorization of feelings, showed that 100% of respondents have a positive feeling. The interpretation of the experts' responses regarding the risks of investing in contaminated areas, carried out by categorization of feelings, showed that 100% of respondents had a negative feeling. In the experts' perception, several benefits of the GAC were identified aimed at urban sustainability and a lack of knowledge regarding the contributions of management to the SDGs and the 2030 Agenda goals. Despite this assessment, the responses allowed diagnosing six SDGs in which the revitalization and remediation of contaminated areas play a central role: SDG 3, 4, 11, 12 and 13.

ANALISIS PREDIKSI HARGA RUMAH DI JABODETABEK MENGGUNAKAN MULTIPLE LINEAR REGRESSION

The economic and infrastructure development in the Jabodetabek area has increased the rate of population growth in the region continues to increase. This attracted the attention of property agents in the housing price competition in the area, considering that the demand for housing will also continue to increase. There are several kinds of specificities and house prices in the Jabodetabek area, so an appropriate analysis is needed to get the desired house in this study the researcher implements the Multiple Linear method Regression to predict house prices with the desired specifications. This study used a total dataset of 3553 data with 11 variables obtained from the Kaggle.com. website The data will be through the pre-pronce process of data before training the model. Furthermore, at the evaluation stage using a test matrix, namely CC (Coefficient of Correlation), MAE (Met Absolute Error), RMSE (Root Met Square Error) is used to assess the performance of the model. Based on the results of the analysis from the dataset were 965 data, where the data was divided into two parts, namely, 80% as training data and 20% as testing data from the analysis results were obtained at an accuracy rate of 0.85 or 85% with an error rate of MAE of 375428909.51 and the RMSE level of 516385,50.

Building for the Future: Evaluating the Viability of Prefabricated Construction and Prefabricated Steel Construction in Mass Housing Development

This research paper aims to evaluate the viability of prefabricated construction, specifically prefabricated light gauge steel (LGS) construction and prefabricated pre-engineered steel (PES) construction, in the context of mass housing development. The study explores the benefits, challenges, and considerations associated with these construction methods and their potential applicability in large-scale housing projects. Through a comprehensive analysis of case studies, industry trends, and comparative studies, this research aims to provide insights into the effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability of prefabrication, LGS construction, and PES construction in meeting the increasing demand for affordable and sustainable mass housing. Key Words: Prefabricated construction, Light gauge steel (LGS) construction, Pre-engineered steel (PES) construction,

Obstacles to Agricultural Development in the District of Samarra and AL-Dour

This article presents a comprehensive study conducted in Samarra and Al-Dour districts, focusing on the impact of agricultural components on development. The study aims to identify and analyze the natural, human, and economic obstacles that impede agricultural progress in the region. Through questionnaire data analysis, several key findings emerge. Natural factors such as inadequate rainfall, arid soil conditions, and soil salinization pose significant challenges to agricultural development. Insufficient utilization of water resources further exacerbates these constraints. Agricultural pests also cause substantial damage to crops, leading to farmer abandonment of agricultural practices. Roughly 30-35% of cultivated areas are affected. Moreover, a decline in agricultural labor is observed, with individuals deterred by constraints and limited financial returns. The increasing population in the region intensifies food demand and pressures agricultural land for housing, compounding challenges for farmers. Water scarcity emerges as a primary constraint, leading to neglect of agricultural areas due to inadequate irrigation. Progressive soil salinization and desertification, influenced by natural and human factors, worsen the situation. Approximately 22.38 km² of land are affected, particularly in eastern and southern Samarra and eastern Al-Dour. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions and policies to overcome these obstacles and foster sustainable agricultural development. Strategies should prioritize water resource management, pest control, technological advancements, and addressing labor shortages. Implementing these measures will contribute to long-term agricultural sustainability, food security, and economic growth in the studied regions.
 Highlights:
 
 Natural and human constraints hinder agricultural progress in Samarra and Al-Dour districts.
 Agricultural pests cause significant damage and discourage farming activities.
 Water scarcity and soil salinization negatively impact agricultural development.

Rethinking developmental state intervention in the housing supply of a transitional economy: Evidence from Hanoi, Vietnam

The Vietnamese government has consistently played the role of policy initiator to achieve mass affordable housing provision through mobilising resources from the private sector since the Doi Moi policy was proclaimed. Consequently, high-rise apartments have gradually changed Hanoi's cityscape, while self-built row-houses still dominate the housing market. This study explores the evolution in housing types from the perspective of policy deviation. It aims to examine Hanoi's housing development using the developmental state model's theoretical framework to verify the impact of government intervention. The research methods involved collecting official statistics and survey data on apartment plans; an in-depth literature review on the local laws and regulations; and focus group interviews with government officials, professors, and construction industry businesspeople. This study shows that crude regulations and mismatches in actual housing demand led to malfunctions in ambitious housing supply plans during policy implementation. It also identifies that public land ownership and centralised planning authority are critical elements of the state's incentive-control scheme for housing provision. The public entities' market independence, ensuring the private sector's profitability, and financial instruments that promote housing affordability are essential for the state-led housing development policy's success.

Exploring mismatch in within-metropolitan affordable housing in the United States

Despite numerous studies and measures that quantify the extent of the shortage in affordable housing for low-income renter households, few studies address potential neighbourhood-level mismatch between affordable housing supply and demand. To fill this research gap, this study investigates whether neighbourhood-level imbalance exists between the number of low-income renters and the number of rental units that are affordable and available to them within the 100 largest metropolitan areas in the USA. It also explores under which metropolitan-level conditions, such an imbalance (measured using the dissimilarity index between low-income renters and rental units affordable to them) is likely to be most severe. The study found that certain neighbourhoods within each metropolitan area contain rental unit surpluses affordable to a particular low-income group and such units substantially decline as the study considers the availability of these affordable stocks. Multivariate analyses reveal that certain metropolitan-level contexts contribute to the imbalance in affordable rental units across low-income groups. These findings imply that various efforts, such as reducing the mismatch between low-wage jobs and workers, providing affordable housing in suburban areas or relaxing local regulatory environments for residential development, may be effective in improving housing affordability imbalance across low-income groups at the local level.

Die Bereitstellung von leistbarem Wohnraum in Zeiten der Wohnkrise

Limited-profit housing associations are established players in Vienna’s housing market. The exorbitant rise in land and construction costs in recent years and increasing demand for affordable housing have far-reaching implications for the provision of affordable housing in Vienna. These developments are causing shifts not only in the housing market in general, but also within the nonprofit sector. This paper approaches these shifts at the level of limited-profit housing associations and examines a) which interpretations of affordability and related challenges can be found in the field of limited-profit housing, and b) which practices are applied in the provision of (affordable) housing. Empirically, the article draws on interviews with board members, managing directors and project developers from the limited-profit housing sector, which were conducted between 2020 and 2021. Finally, implications for the limited-profit sector in Vienna and for the provision of (affordable) housing are discussed. English title: The provision of affordable housing in times of the housing crisis. Interpretations and practices of the non-profit sector in Vienna

Comparison analysis between the components of vernacular and modern architectures for sustainable housing in Niger State

Modern architecture has its roots in the vernacular type. Globally, every cultural group has its own form of vernacular architecture, though the approach may vary from region to region and also among the individuals. The traditional and modern architectural styles in Minna Niger State, Nigeria are examined in this paper since these styles possess distinct climatic, economic, and socio-cultural practices. A typical vernacular architecture was sited at Tudun Fulani Extension whereas a typical modern architecture was sited at GidanMatasa. The study examined the buildings in terms of physical features, thermal comfort and cost analysis. EnergyPlus, a simulation program, was used in this study to assess and forecast the thermal comfort. To affirm, local construction materials were used to meet the housing demands without harming the environment. The study outcomes found that the traditional housing units outperformed the modern ones by a wide margin. The findings of the study revealed the following features as part of vernacular architecture such as the presence of a courtyard, vegetation, connection to nature and construction using natural materials. On the other hand, the modern architecture does not have any courtyards, inadequate vegetation and isolation from the nature. It is also constructed using the imported building materials, although the modern architecture enables the windows to be of large size. The findings also disclose that the vernacular architecture provides more thermal comfort than the modern architecture since the latter has a heavy heating load density i.e., 9,571 (Watt). This value is 50 percent more than the peak heating load of the traditional architectural structure i.e., 2,109 (Watt). Finally, the study was able to ascertain the high-cost implication of the modern architecture compared to vernacular architecture. Furthermore, the study also proved that the vernacular housing units are much better than the modern ones in terms of thermal comfort, usage of cost-effective and natural materials and the building’s thermal properties. The researcher recommends that the components of both vernacular and modern architecture must be properly integrated for the development of the sustainable homes in Northern Nigeria.

Factors Affecting Design toward Affordable Sustainable Housing Delivery in South African Construction Industry

The purpose of this study is to establish the factors that affect the design toward affordable sustainable housing delivery because housing is delivered above budget and unaffordable for low-income earners in South Africa. A sequential mixed method involving qualitative and quantitative approach was engaged for this study, and construction professionals were selected as respondents from nine provinces of South Africa to answer four points Likert scale quantitative questionnaires. A total of one hundred and fourteen (114) questionnaires were appropriately completed and retrieved from the respondents. Data collected were analyzed with descriptive statistics which include PCA, correlation, and regression analysis tools on SPSS version 25 to determine factors that affect the design with the regards to affordable housing delivery in South Africa, interview process is used to validate the findings obtained. The findings indicated that improper design leads to failure in achieving client objectives and causes a change in design and demolition. Lack of design of first-rate living conditions for a healthy environment, design sufficiency, and adaptability to meet people’s demand for cost efficient housing were the major factors responsible for unaffordable housing in South Africa. The study recommended that government should establish key policies on housing design to control resource waste and limit construction costs within budget. This will encourage the sensitivity of construction operators about resources control at the planning and implementation stages of housing production.

정책모기지 이용자 만족도 영향 요인 연구

Policy mortgage is a policy financial product that enables long-term fixed interest rate, low interest rate, long-term loan period, and installment repayment for the residential stability of the common people and improvement of housing welfare. This study conducted an empirical analysis through a proportional odds logit model for households using Bogeumjari Loan, a policy mortgage for the housing vulnerable class, based on the Korea Housing Finance Corporation's '2021 Housing Finance and Demand Survey'. As a result of the analysis, the factors that affect Bogeumjari Loan user satisfaction are loan income requirements, loan maturity, increase in existing loan limit, educational level, type of product used, number of children, comparison with other products before joining, and finally single householder in order. In order to vitalize policy mortgage, it is considered that flexible operation considering the factors that most affect the satisfaction of policy mortgage users, such as housing price loan limit, income requirement, maturity, and repayment capacity, is necessary. As interest rates have risen sharply recently, the burden of repayment of interest on home mortgage loan users has been increasing, so the role of policy mortgage for the housing vulnerable class is expected to become more important. In addition, the results of this study can be used as policy data to improve housing welfare for homeless people or low-income consumers who want to buy their own home.

SLOVAK AND CZECH HOUSING MARKET ANALYSIS

SLOVAK AND CZECH HOUSING MARKET ANALYSIS

HOUSING AND SPATIAL IMPACTS IN ALGIERS PROVINCE 1984 - 2021: EASTERN REGION CASE STUDY

Algeria underwent expedited urbanization in response to a growing demand for housing. The study aims to identify the current housing situation in Algiers from 1984 to 2021 using official statistics and a field investigation of a sample of 600 households. The study also used Landsat 5 and 8 satellite images to analyze the development of vegetation cover in the province, so the results analyzed in SIG. This study shows that the built-up area has increased from 47.32 km2 in 1984 to 81.34 km2 in 2021, damaging the fertile Mitidja plain. Inadequate housing persists despite the rise in residential construction, and insecure dwellings are proliferating due to migration.