Housing Construction Industry Research Articles

A study on the Symbiotic Development Plan of Housing Construction Industry in the Fourth Industrial Revolution: Focusing on the Expanding Suppliers and Consumenrs Choices

제4차 산업혁명의 핵심은 인공지능 활용이다. 각 제어 로봇(Robot)등이 개별 공정 및 상황에 알맞게 판단을 하여 실행되게 만드는 것이다. 제3차 산업혁명 시기는 자동화 생산시스템이 주도 하면서 대량생산과 중앙 집중화된 시스템의 통제로 이루어졌다. 주택건설업도 주택보급률에 목표를 두고, 산업중심 정책으로 아파트를 대량 공급해 왔다. 그 결과 주택보급률이 100%를 넘었다. 소비자의 불만요인을 파악하여 내진설계 강화, 노인과 1인 가구를 위한 주택, 주택 수명 주기도 50년~100년 사용가능한 새로운 시스템이 필요하다. 필터링(filtering)효과를 이용하여 소비자의 선택권을 확대 한다. 인공지능과 융･복합이 가능한 분야를 찾고, 소비자 중심 접근으로 주거 민원과 하자˙분쟁이 없도록 한다. 결국 주택산업도 소비자 중심의 시스템 전환과 개별 컴퓨터와 인공지능으로 주거서비스 품질 수준을 높여야 한다.In the future, the quality of housing will be more important than its quantity. The choice of consumers and suppliers must be broadened. In order for a company to continue to grow, it must be able to see what the society and consumers require. In the housing business, the Fourth Industrial Revolution will have a huge change. The purpose of this study is to find how housing construction industry can survive and develop in this era. the fourth Industrial Revolution. It also provides development plan. It provides the way of practical coexistence, core theory review about the housing construction and the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The filtering effect will make better housing quality than the existing housing market and new supply market. The starting point of housing supply is from consumers’ point of view. We will find complaint factors. And then we will suggest an alternative option with theoretical approach. Due to change over the system, it can find the residential management model from flawless system application, moving to destruction. Computers and artificial intelligence should be used to be contributed to intelligent future homes that suit the need of each consumer. Then, provider can find a new market. Furthermore, the government utilizes an existing housing for lower class. Throughout the requirement from users and an action analysis, the housing construction needs to institute flawless system that can solve the complaints fundamentally. The result could extend option such as remote medical treatment support for senior and a single household. The provider finds a new market with the way of utilizing artificial intelligence. Moreover, the government improves the public’s quality of life by providing new policy that can support the coexistence relationship.

Major Trends in the Primary Residential Real Estate Market: Economic and Statistical Analysis <i>(Case Study: The City of Moscow)</i>

The authors present results of the study of the domestic residential real estate market, using the city of Moscow as an example. Importance of this study comes from the fact that the residential real estate market occupies a significant place in the national economy; that said, it is necessary to take into account its scale and development dynamics. On one hand, the development of the residential real estate market is always considered within our country’s social policy that is targeted at raising standards of living. Оn the other hand, players in various markets participate in the housing construction industry because in it are concentrated significant volumes of financial flows. For a more detailed economic and statistical analysis, the authors chose the most dynamically developing segment of residential real estate in Moscow - the market for new buildings. According to the authors, dynamics, and nature of change in the indicators of the capital market of primary real estate along with general market conditions was affected by legislative changes that have occurred in the construction and banking sectors.Given the heterogeneous development of the capital market in a large metropolis such as Moscow, the authors applied the clustering of districts using the results of comprehensive studies of the primary real estate market of previous years. For this study, four groups of factors were identified: characteristics of apartments, indicators of transport accessibility, the level of infrastructure development and the state of the environment. The information sources included databases of leading real estate companies such as CIAN, Metrium, Domofond (as of the end of May 2019), as well as official statistics from Mosgorstat, Mosecomonitoring, Unified Transport Portal. After the preliminary analysis of the data, sample was made of new buildings of the mass segment (economy and class comfort).Using regression analysis, the authors constructed models of the dependence of the cost per square meter of residential real estate on the market of new buildings in Moscow on several factors and identified the most significant of them. The results of the study presented in the article may be of interest to consulting companies, real estate agencies, employees of the banking sector, as well as local authorities for strategic planning of the development of the real estate market.

Innovative Construction Technology with High Factory Readiness from the Chuvash Republic

The technology that fully meets the modern requirements of the market in the Russian Federation is presented – stand technology of precast-monolithic frame and large-panel housing construction with the use of floor slabs with pre-stressing up to 8 m, both solid and caisson versions on universal stands. This technology, which combines the best solutions of prefabricated, monolithic, panel, brick and other construction technologies, competes with the latest Western developments. The advantages of the proposed technology are as follows: high factory readiness and quality, versatility and architectural expressiveness of building structures (97% of the frame), precast building; energy savings – consumption is three times less compared to existing technologies for the production of reinforced concrete products; material savings (1.5 times less than for monolithic and panel housing construction); high speed of construction (up to 5 ths. m2 of prefabricated monolithic frame per month for one tower crane; lower weight of bearing structures compared to other structures (0.146 m3 of precast concrete per 1 m2 of the total area of the building) and, as a result, lower costs for foundations and the use of mechanisms with a lower load capacity on construction sites; reliable erection without welding; usable area – more than 80% of the total area; free planning solutions; quick adjustment of equipment for the production of products necessary for the market at a given time. The bench technology of precast-monolithic frame and large-panel housing construction with the use of floor slabs with pre-stressing up to 8 m is an example of the implementation of inter-industry cooperation in the construction materials and mechanical engineering industry based on Russian scientific developments and adapted modern foreign technologies. Keywords: innovations, construction technology with high factory readiness, modernization of large-panel housing construction and construction industry plants, industrial housing construction, prefabricated monolithic frame, energy efficiency, construction speed.

주택건설업의 품질경영시스템에 관한 연구

주택건설업의 품질경영시스템에 관한 연구

Strategic priorities for development of housing construction and renovation sector

The article highlights the problem of sustainable development of the living environment and living standards of the population, which is rather relevant for the governments of most developed countries including Russia. In recent years, the anthropogenic impact of aggressive external medium on the quality of human life increases, which reduces the working capacity of citizens and consequently lowers their labor productivity. The implementation of «Concept for the Transition of the Russian Federation to Sustainable Development», which was elaborated and adopted in 1996, implies a gradual transition to the balanced solution of pressing social and economic issues and problems that concern preserving natural resources in order to meet the needs of present and future generations. The authors emphasized the need for a scientific-theoretical and methodological substantiation of preparing the strategic priorities of the housing development planning with a focus on creating competitive residential housing and renovation projects. The authors note that the greening of housing construction and renovation industry helps to ensure high living standards and contributes not only to improving human well-being and increasing person’s lifetime but also enhances his or her working capacity and labor productivity. The elaboration of strategic priorities of the housing industry development involves the consideration of current challenges of the national economy.

The Evaluation of Foreman Competency Suitability on Consumer Complaints

Abstract. The construction industry is one of the most developed industries around the world. Similar to the housing construction industry, consumers who buy a house on the developers sometimes have a complaint about the units they buy. Because of the consumer complaints, the developers expend more money to use the services of foreman complaints. Quality of foreman complains determines the result of consumer complaint work. Elements of competence that affect the performance of the foreman complain were analyzed using SPSS and descriptive percentage. Descriptive method of percentage of frequency calculated in percent. The elements analyzed are the skills competence, the work experience competence, the discipline competence and the wage competency. The results of the research showed that the elements that affected the foreman complaints are the skills competence 88.56%, the work experience competence 85.56%, the skills competence 88.56% the discipline competence 89.07% and the wage competency 89.73%. The strategies that must be implemented to improve the performance of the foreman complain are to supervise the continues improvement of the team owner, and also repeat orders according to the portion (the foreman capacity), selecting the workman or labor that will be used by the foreman to do a job and also make a skill assessment from the foreman and his team, conducting training programs for the foreman and the craftsman can also be a strategy to improve the performance of the foreman complain.

A framework for incorporating quality into low-cost housing projects in South Africa

The South African constitution enshrines the right to “access adequate housing” to its citizens. However, over the years in the post-apartheid government a focus has been on quantitative low-cost housing delivery and less on the quality of these houses. Notwithstanding challenges that citizens encountered, limited research has been conducted on quality management practices in the South African low-cost housing industry. The purpose of this paper is to suggest a framework that could be applied in the industry and discuss how best quality practices could be implemented in the low-cost housing construction industry. A literature review was conducted on the application of quality in the construction of low-cost housing in South Africa. This was done through analysis of media reports, published articles, legal disputes and others. Although South Africa has established well-functioning quality management systems in other industries, low-cost housing has never been a focus. The primary emphasis is still on quantity and very limited on quality. Contractors perceive quality as a peripheral issue and afford less attention to its value. The framework in this study encapsulates policy issues, customer needs, strategy approaches and others.

Urban Communities Electronic Information Monitoring System Design and Analysis

In recent years, with the accelerated process of urbanization, economic development at the same time, but also to the community has brought tremendous pressure on the city's residential area has been raised to a new height. The construction of the security system of the residential district of urban residents and the standard of the quality of people's life. And the establishment of an intelligent community is the key to how to establish a stable and secure security monitoring system. Intelligent system is in this premise, with the rise of residential construction and put forward the new concept. Housing construction industry is increasingly becoming a new growth point of China's national economy, this concept will also be widely discussed, become more and more clear, more and more specific.

Small firm performance: an empirical analysis in Malaysian housing construction industry

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the importance of innovation for the performance of small firms in the construction sector. Furthermore, this paper also examines the influence of several factors related to entrepreneurial capital (entrepreneurial value, business strategy, experience and training) on small firm performance in the sector.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses primary data of 255 small firms in the construction sector under the category of small contractors (G1). Stratified sampling method was utilized for data collection, which is then analyzed using the descriptive and multiple regression analysis to achieve the objectives of the study.FindingsThe findings showed that the factor of innovation and several factors related to entrepreneurial capital (entrepreneurial value, business strategy and business experience) have a significant positive relationship with the performance of small firms in the construction sector. However, factor of training indicated a significant negative correlation with small firm performance.Research limitations/implicationsAlthough this study found a significant impact in explaining the factors that affect performance, particularly in the construction sector, it only takes into account only some internal factors (entrepreneurial capital and innovation). Proposed future research should consider a variety of other factors mainly related to external factors, such as economic development, growth potential, industry structure, internal social capital and government policy.Practical implicationsThis study provides clear implications related to the theory and contributions to the literature related to research in the construction sector. The study also provides invaluable insightfulness to various stakeholders including policy makers, institutional support and small contractors about the importance of innovation and entrepreneurial capital in determining the performance of small firms in the sector.Originality/valueThe results provide supportive evidence that entrepreneurial values and business strategy are important internal factors in determining the performance of a firm, which is consistent with the theory of resource-based view. Experience and training factors, as indicators of firm performance, are articulated in the theory of human capital. Hence, the findings not only can strengthen both the theories but also make a significant contribution to the literature of the study, particularly in the construction sector.

Methods of modeling TCO residential real estate in the life cycles of buildings as a promising energy efficiency management tool

Building and developing an affordable housing market is a huge challenge for Russia’s national economy. Today, the housing construction industry finds itself in a situation torn by a conflict caused by the simultaneous needs to minimize the housing construction costs in order to make housing more affordable for Russians and to increase the energy efficiency of the housing projects, which is associated with additional costs for developers. To find solutions to this contradictory situation, one needs new theoretical and practical approaches and economic tools. The global economic trend of managing goods and services on the basis of the value of goods and services over the life cycle is also manifested in the construction industry in Russia. The problem of forming a new economic thinking in the housing sector predetermines the perception of the value of housing not only as the price of purchased real estate, but as the equivalent of the total cost of ownership of real estate throughout its life cycle. This approach allows to compensate the initial rise in the cost of construction resulting from the introduction of energy-efficient technologies by savings in the operational phase of the life cycle of the property. In this regard, management of the total cost of real estate ownership based on energy modeling is of high research and practical relevance.

Dwellings and Housing Market in Hungary, 1990-2015

Purpose of the article is to provide a wide-range overview of the Hungarian housing market development since the political change in 1989. The time period monitored has brought ups-and-downs in the construction industry due to different reasons which are all worth to examine. Research is based on database of the Hungarian Central Statistical Office and EUROSTAT, and interviews with housing market professionals. The article collects influencings factors of the housing market: macro-economic indicators and influence of economic crisis in 2008, performance of the construction industry, changes in housing policy during the time period researched, status of Hungarian credit market which has the speciality of high rate of foreign currency loans. It is important to analyse why new housing construction suffered its historical bottom in 2013 or the reason behind why credits are used mainly for renovation and not for new built. Interesting point of view provides contrasting Hungarian dwelling types, tenure status, housing quality and affordability with the ones in EU and results lead to important conclusions. As construction industry provides important ratio of Hungary's GDP, it is crucial to revivify it. Data shows that especially residential market lacks projects. New regulations which came into force beginning of 2016 are expected to help housing market and construction industry. Although results of these will be reflected in statistics only after a while professionals estimate that housing market will warm up already in 2016 and will bring new projects latest by 2017. Regulations change too often in Hungary thus quick reaction of population is expected not to miss this support. Despite hurry design and construction hopefully thorough job will be done so that houses will be built for long-term in high quality and with good real value. Unfortunately, goals of new regulations do not show commitment regarding environmental awareness or sustainability. First version of the law included that new houses and flats which are built with help of state support must achieve high level in energy efficiency but this condition evaporated in a short time.

Use of engineered nanomaterials in the construction industry with specific emphasis on paints and their flows in construction and demolition waste in Switzerland

One sector where the use of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is supposed to offer novel or improved functionalities is the construction industry. During the renovation or demolition of buildings, ENMs contained in former construction materials will enter recycling systems or become construction waste. Currently, information about ENM flows in these processes is insufficient. The potential for the release of ENMs from this waste into the environment is unknown, as are the environmental impacts. To evaluate whether there is currently any nano-relevant construction and demolition waste (C&DW) originating from buildings, we evaluated the sources and flows of ENMs in C&DW and identified their potential exposure pathways. A survey of business representatives of Swiss companies in this sector found that ENMs are mainly used in paints and cement. The most frequently used ENMs in the Swiss housing construction industry are nano-TiO2, nano-SiO2, nano-ZnO, and nano-Ag. Using a bottom-up, semi-quantitative approach, we estimated the flows of ENMs contained in paints along the product’s life cycle from buildings to recycling and landfill. The flows of ENMs are determined by their associated flows of building materials. We estimated an annual amount of ENMs used in paints of 14t of TiO2, 12t of SiO2, 5t of ZnO, and 0.2t of Ag. The majority of ENMs contained in paints in Switzerland enter recycling systems (23t/y), a smaller amount is disposed directly in landfills (7t/y), and a tiny fraction of ENM waste is incinerated (0.01t/y). Our results allow a qualitative determination of the potential release of ENMs into technical or environmental compartments, with the highest potential release expected during recycling.

An Auction Based Negotiation Protocol for Resource Allocation in Customized Housing Construction

Scheduling has long been a challenge to housing construction industry. It is critical to find a dynamic resource allocation mechanism that can fit into the intrinsically distributed subcontracting project and react to highly dynamic real-time event from construction site. An agent based scheduling mechanism is proposed at operation level to address the distributed decision making structure in housing construction context. An auction based negotiation protocol is presented to facilitate coordination amon g distributed scheduling agents. The proposed mechanism has been evaluated favorably in terms of load balancing and resource utilization under dynamically changing environment. Video abstract [Display omitted]

Validation of a Multi-Criteria Decision Support System for Low-Cost Green Building Materials and Components

In an industry where objectivity is sought, validation ascertains the reliability of a system and investigates the credibility of the theoretical basis upon which it is built. The performance of a decision-support system is most often determined by the external validation data rather than the development data. This paper illustrates the validation of a multicriteria decision-support system designed to aid more informed and sustainable material choices at the earliest stages of the design. The main objectives of this exercise are to establish the computational correctness of the software, and evaluate the reliability of the decisions made by the system when formulating decisions regarding the selection of low-cost green building materials and components at the conceptual and crucial stages of the design process. Data collected from samples of ten (10) randomly selected research experts and practicing professionals —who influence material choice decisions and represent various fields in the Nigerian housing construction industry, were used to demonstrate the decision-making capabilities, limitations and appropriateness of the model. In view of the complex nature of this research, an on-going case study project was used to further showcase how well the MSDSS model could be applied to real-life material-selection problems, by comparing the outputs from the model to monitored data from the proposed building project. The key contribution to the assessment of designers’ choice of materials during design engagement is the novel inclusion of the social-cultural and sensorial variables as key indicators of the material selection decision-making process. This study concludes that the ability of the model to discern and prioritise material choices, in terms of their environmental, technical, sociocultural, sensorial and economic impacts— evidenced by an orderly ranked scale of material utility indices, portends a reasonable indication of its reliability, validity and practical usability for further studies.

Addressing sustainable challenges in China

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present an innovative approach to addressing increasing sustainable challenges facing China's built environment which are linked to a diverse range of factors including rapid economic and population growth. The research context includes mass urbanisation in and the Chinese construction industry's attitude towards adopting sustainable construction processes. The focus is placed on examining current on-site construction practices in China which have historically remained largely unchanged; this includes a high reliance on cheap labour accompanied by a substantial material waste. An alternative approach is to increase the uptake of off-site production in China's residential construction industry, however no previous studies have investigated the potential advantages and barriers of this alternative approach. Design/methodology/approach – In collaboration with an industry organisation a survey was completed by 110 construction professionals in China. The questionnaire referred to 21 individual factors relating to their perception about the current and potential future uptake of off-site production in construction processes in China. Findings – The results confirmed the existing level of off-site production in China's urban residential construction industry was relatively low. At present the cast-in-situ method was considered by stakeholders as the most effective approach. The findings also confirmed the benefits of off-site production are not fully understood by the housing construction industry in China. It is argued this knowledge gap reduces the Chinese construction industry's motivation levels when seeking to embrace the off-site production approach and adopt improved sustainable construction practices. Originality/value – This is an original study designed to address a gap in knowledge as there has been no previous research conducted into the use of off-site industrialised process in China. The results provide a valuable insight into the uptake of off-site production in the residential construction industry and will assist stakeholders and policymakers to increase the level of sustainability.

Embracing off-site innovation in construction in China to enhance a sustainable built environment in urban housing

With the rapid rate of urbanization and pressing need for higher levels of sustainable development within the built environment in China, the housing construction industry presently is facing urgency of shaping a sustainable construction process. This paper examines several sustainability challenges from the large-scale urban housing construction, and explores the connection between off-site innovation and sustainability within a context of China's housing construction industry. The study also identifies four pillars of strategy agendas that could enhance an enabling innovation environment for the ultimate goal of sustainability: (1) institutional environment, (2) public housing market, (3) organisational actions and (4) technological capacity. The knowledge and research findings presented in this paper would provide a ground framework that helps evaluate and assess the significances of off-site innovation to assist with a sustainable built environment.

International housing market analysis based on housing commencements

Additions to the aggregate housing stock are a broad measure of the state of an economy and overall level of confidence in a particular region over a designated period. This is due to the direct and indirect effect (e.g. employment in the housing construction industry) upon on the local economy and is linked to the confidence of local households in the future direction of housing investment, the level of housing affordability by households as related to employment levels and the relationship between supply and demand in each region. Another consideration is the ability of the government to monitor and successfully intervene in the operation of the household market (e.g. mortgage interest rates) with the intent of restricting an over-supply situation which may take years to fully recover. The analysis in this section examines new housing commencements for Scotland, Australia, USA and Canada over an extended time period with the specific focus placed on the periods before, during and after the high profile global financial crisis in 2007-2008. The graph in Figure 1 was adapted from data sourced from The Scottish Government (2013) and covers the 15-year period between 1998 and 2012. With the exception of 1999 there were been relatively few years with substantial additions to the housing market. However, the effect of the GFC can clearly be observed post 2007 although by 2012 there was relatively change from the previous year.

The Impact of Competition, Subsidies, and Taxes on Production and Construction Cost: The Case of the Swedish Housing Construction Market

Few empirical studies focus on developing data and analyses on the factors that influence the decision making process of builders, developers and landlords. Interest subsidy, taxes, and competition are some of the factors that can influence the level of construction or production costs and ultimately the price of the housing units produced. Different subsidy schemes and value-added taxes (VAT) have been used as tools to increase housing construction in Sweden. However, their effect on costs of the housing stock has not been rigorously examined in the current housing supply literature. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between production and construction cost and its determinants especially their relationship to different subsidy schemes and value-added taxes. In our econometric analysis, we utilize a quarterly panel data that covers 1975–2004. Our results suggest that there is a positive relationship between subsidies and construction cost and inverse relationship to value added taxes. This could explain why few companies within the housing construction industry raise the cost of production since these companies could manage to transfer some of the tax burden from themselves to the housing developers. Paper goes on to discuss common practices of construction companies that affects production costs.

Factors impeding the offsite production of housing construction in China: an investigation of current practice

The promotion of offsite production is a possible future strategic direction for the construction industry as it provides economic, environmental and social benefits. However, in China, the uptake of offsite production, particularly in the housing sector, is relatively low and few studies have identified and examined the reasons behind this trend. This research gap is addressed and factors that inhibit the wider use of offsite production in China’s housing construction industry are investigated. A questionnaire survey was carried out, examining the views of 110 construction professionals in China including developers, designers, contractors, manufacturers and suppliers. Factor analysis of 21 separate variables was undertaken which extracted six principal factors, namely: ‘constructability implementation’, ‘social climate and attitudes’, ‘architectural performance’, ‘costing’, ‘supply chain’ and ‘preparatory stage’. The findings identify both barriers and challenges to increasing the uptake of offsite production in China. This provides a rare insight about the housing construction industry in China with possible implications for other developing countries that are seeking to identify and overcome barriers to the wider uptake of offsite production.

A Multi-Criteria Decision Support System for the Selection of Low-Cost Green Building Materials and Components

The necessity of having an effective computer-aided decision support system in the housing construction industry is rapidly growing alongside the demand for green buildings and green building products. Identifying and defining financially viable low-cost green building materials and components, just like selecting them, is a crucial exercise in subjectivity. With so many variables to consider, the task of evaluating such products can be complex and discouraging. Moreover, the existing mode for selecting and managing, often very large information associated with their impacts constrains decision-makers to perform a trade-off analysis that does not necessarily guarantee the most environmentally preferable material. This paper introduces the development of a multi-criteria decision support system (DSS) aimed at improving the understanding of the principles of best practices associated with the impacts of low-cost green building materials and components. The DSS presented in this paper is to provide designers with useful and explicit information that will aid informed decision-making in their choice of materials for low-cost green residential housing projects. The prototype MSDSS is developed using macro-in-excel, which is a fairly recent database management technique used for integrating data from multiple, often very large databases and other information sources. This model consists of a database to store different types of low-cost green materials with their corresponding attributes and performance characteristics. The DSS design is illustrated with particular emphasis on the development of the material selection data schema, and application of the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) concept to a material selection problem. Details of the MSDSS model are also discussed including workflow of the data evaluation process. The prototype model has been developed with inputs elicited from domain experts and extensive literature review, and refined with feedback obtained from selected expert builder and developer companies. This paper further demonstrates the application of the prototype MSDSS for selecting the most appropriate low-cost green building material from among a list of several available options, and finally concludes the study with the associated potential benefits of the model to research and practice.