Household Waste Management Research Articles

Spatial Analysis of Children’s Diarrhea in Urban Areas

Diarrhea is a condition in which an individual experiences bowel movements with a frequency of 3 times or more per day in the consistency of stool in liquid form. In addition, it can occur from person to person as a result of poor personal hygiene and environment. This research was conducted using quantitative methods and using a case series design. The population in this study amounted to 2533 toddlers with 56 samples. Data were collected using the case series method on 56 toddlers. Primary data were obtained through questionnaire interviews and recording the distribution of diarrhea incidence among toddlers with Google Maps and ArcGIS. Based on the results of the study, it was found that in the spatial analysis the incidence of toddler diarrhea was mostly spread in RW 01, as many as 36 respondents (64.3%) had a good household waste management system, as many as 41 respondents (73.2%) had a waste water management system. good, as many as 30 respondents (53.6%) had bad hand washing behavior, 37 respondents (66.1%) had poor knowledge, and as many as 37 respondents (66.1%) had higher education status. It was expected to Public Health Center to re-evaluate environmental health infrastructure recommendations.

Is It Possible to Implement the Same Circular-Economy Concept in Rural and Urban Areas? Study on Willingness to Pay for Household Waste

Household waste management is still a problem that has not been fully solved in various countries, regions, and even in households, due to various factors from within and outside the individual. Nevertheless, efforts to improve waste management continue, including the Willingness to Pay (WTP) model for better waste management. The research hypothesizes that various important factors that influence WTP can lead to a circular economy. The research data is collected through an online survey with a total of 255 respondents, which overall discusses waste and the strategies in its management. Based on factor analysis, the area of residence (rural or urban areas) and the income of respondents have a significant effect on WTP decisions. Furthermore, the WTP decision is tested through respondents’ perceptions of various aspects of the circular economy that have an impact on health, awareness, desire, ability, and marketing prospects of waste which, when tested using the Spearman correlation, shows correlation between all aspects. We recommend these results to stakeholders to improve the management system of household waste management in both rural and urban areas through the WTP system, to achieve a circular economy.

Women and Solid Waste Management in High-density Areas: The Case of Hatcliffe, Harare, Zimbabwe

The Zimbabwean government has for a while been reeling under pressure from inadequate resources for waste management mainly due to the expansion of its cities. The study explored household waste management in Hatcliffe Extension, a high-density suburb in Harare, and sought to identify dominant household solid waste management disposal systems by women. The study aim was to explore women’s experiences of solid waste management in the face of poor service delivery in refuse collection. Qualitative research methodology was employed to collect data in the study from conveniently sampled participants. In-depth interviews and observations were the instruments utilised for data collection. The study draws from the Rational Choice Theory to understand human behaviour in relation to people’s choices on suitable and sustainable practices in solid waste management and the environment. The study reveals lack of education and knowledge and poor refuse collection by responsible authorities as driving the disposal of diverse waste materials such as paper, diapers and plastic packages, which have heightened solid waste generation in the area. Dominant household solid waste management disposal systems in Hartcliffe Extension include illegal dumping, open burning, and burying of the waste materials. Overall, Hartcliffe Extension residents practise improper solid waste disposal systems due to lack of collection services from the Harare city council, which is the authority responsible for solid waste management. The study also established various ways in which poorly managed solid waste poses a threat to the environment. The study recommends the education of residents on eco-friendly waste disposal measures that do not pose a threat either to both human beings or the environment.

Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Anggota Bank Sampah ‘Satu Hati’, melalui Pengelolaan dan Pemanfaatan Limbah Sampah di Kelurahan Sumber Mulyo Rejo, Binjai Timur

The aims of the service is to provide information and education to the people in the Sumber Mulyo, one of sub-district in Binjai especially the members of ‘Satu Hati’ Garbage Bank. regarding household waste management and provide practical training to develop new products with higher economic value by empowering garbage. This activity was carried out in the form of lectures and training on Maggot cultivation (Black Fly Soldier / BFS) and egg shell processing which was attended by members of the 'Satu Hati’ Waste Bank. Through this activity of organic eggshell waste it is hoped that members of the ‘Satu Hati’ Garbage Bank will gain new knowledge that can be practically implemented to deal with waste and can also receive economic benefits through the processing and Maggot cultivation.

Empowerment Of Fermented Kitchen Waste To Improve The Economy Of The Sei Mencirim Village Community And Sell Processed Products Through Internet Technology

Sei Mencirim village is a village consisting of various tribes who come from several areas in North Sumatra. Sei Mencirim Village consists of 24 hamlets.The Sei Mencirim Village Community Work consists of groups that do not work as much as11,72%, groups that take care of the household as much as 25 %,groups of students as much as 30, 38 %, groups of retirees as much as 0,24%, groups of farmers 1,46%. The total population of the Sei Village community is 8608 population consisting of 4052 male population and 4556 female population. At present the role of the state apparatus in protecting the community is quite dependent on their income from work and farming and for those whose income is uncertain therefore one of the easiest product manufacturing modalities to find is to utilize household waste. Household waste is one factor that needs to be addressed. From household waste management, it can be used as a product that has economic value. An alternative to waste management is to deal with the problem thourghly and sustainably by recycling waste into eco enzyme, which come from organic waste, namely leftover vegetables and fruits. Therefore, by looking at the group of housewives as much as 25 %, recycling waste management can support the economy of housewives in Sei Mencirim Village as additional income.The service team decided to hold socialization in the hope that the community, especially the housewives of Sei Mencirim Village, could change their mindset and advance their village in their own way and style. This community service activity for the people of Sei Mencirim Village provides understanding to the community to mange household waste into products that have economic value and support the economy for the people of Sei Mencirim Village, especially for housewives and has an impact on environmental cleanliness.

Pengembangan Komposter Sampah Rumah Tangga Untuk Mendukung Lingkungan Berkelanjutan Di Dusun Klitih Desa Wajik Kecamatan Lamongan Kabupaten Lamongan

Household waste is anything that is no longer used, used, liked, so it must be disposed of. The majority of people think that household waste is something that has no value and is not utilized. In Klitih Hamlet there are 80 heads of households, where each house can produce around 0.5 to 1 kilogram of household waste per day. Abundant and unutilized waste can cause air pollution, attract lots of flies, as well as an unsightly environment. Therefore, it must be handled immediately by managing household waste as a material for making compost which produces solid organic fertilizer and liquid organic fertilizer, while inorganic household waste is used as a medium for making verticulture. The stages of implementing this program began with preparation, then socialization was held to PKK Dusun Klitih women. The second stage was the distribution of Tooster packages to 43 PKK women. The third stage is composting monitoring. After that, making verticulture media and planting. The fourth stage is verticulture monitoring and verticulture assessment. The fifth stage was harvesting verticulture vegetables and compost and followed by filling out questionnaires by PKK women. The fifth stage is closing by holding talk shows and joint gymnastics, then evaluating activities. The last stage is the preparation of progress reports and the preparation of final reports and seminars. The results of the implementation are the existence of new habits from PKK Dusun Klitih women for program sustainability in utilizing organic and inorganic household waste so that it has economic value by producing compost products, liquid organic fertilizer, and plants from verticulture system cultivation.

DETERMINING THE COMPREHENSIVE TARIFF FOR HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ENVIRONMENTAL COMPONENT AND THE VALUE OF SECONDARY RESOURCES

One of the main reasons why the EU has achieved such impressive results in minimizing landfills and increasing the rate of recycling has been the “polluter pays” principle. The cost of waste management for the producer should be equal to all the costs of eliminating its adverse effects. The results of household waste management in Ukraine lag far behind those in Europe. Less than 1% of the total amount of household and similar waste is reused. Ukraine risks not achieving the waste management indicators specified in the national sustainable development strategy if the current organizational and economic models remain dominant. Low tariffs for waste management and the absence of a nationwide segregated collection program are believed to be the main factors behind the prevalence of unsanctioned dump sites. The backlog in the implementation of recycling centers, recycling megaprojects and, finally, separate collection programs are the result of insufficient funding. This study provides a full calculation of the inclusive household waste management tariff. The approach was to find the total financial costs, including design, land acquisition, landfill construction and operating cost then, estimate the environmental costs caused by the CO2 emissions. The study estimates the real cost of collecting and transporting separately collected household waste and concludes the net cost after deducting the market value of recyclable materials. According to the results of the study, it turned out that the financial costs for the disposal of household waste in Ukraine reach up to UAH 355, and the cost of emissions may reach UAH 441/ton depending on the type of waste. The article reveals that the tariff for the collection and transportation of household waste must be adjusted depending on the density of the waste components and the market value of secondary raw materials. It has been also found that the costs of collecting and transporting some types of waste can be avoided if the recyclables are self-delivered to the recycling centers. The inclusive collection and transportation tariff, according to this study, should fluctuate between UAH 453 and UAH 1628 per ton. Finally, the study has shown that waste generator can earn between UAH 1072 and UAH 2495 when his recyclables are collected separately.

Environmental Factors Associated with Tyfoid Fever In Barru General Hospital

This study aimed to determine the relationship between the environment and the incidence of typhoid fever at the Barru Regional General Hospital, Barru Regency, in 2014. The type of research used was observational, with analytic characteristics and a cross-sectional study approach. The population in this study were all patients who were recorded in the medical records of the Barru Regional General Hospital in 2014 from January to June. There were 101 patients. The sample in this study was 80 people who became the object of research. The analysis was performed with the Chi-Square statistical test. The research results show the provision of clean water, disposal of feces, waste management, safeguarding of household waste, and processing household drinking water. There is a relationship between the provision of drinking water and the incidence of typhoid fever with a p-value = 0.000 <α 0.05; there is no relationship between the disposal of feces and the incidence of typhoid fever with a value of p = 0.058 > α 0.05, there is no relationship between waste management and the incidence of fever typhoid with a p-value = 0.725 > α 0.05, there is a relationship between household waste management and the incidence of typhoid fever with a p-value = 0.001 <α 0.05, there is no relationship between household drinking water treatment and the incidence of typhoid fever with a p-value = 0.568 > α 0.05.

IMPACT OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON RURAL HOUSEWIVES REGARDING KNOWLEDGE OF HOUSEHOLD WASTE MANAGEMENT

Introduction: Waste management is a key factor for a better environment and its initial step begins in the management of household waste. Proper disposal of waste prevent pollution that could endanger human health and environment. The house in which one and one's family live needs to be clean and tidy as well as hygienic for the good health of their family. The a Aims and Objectives: im of this structured teaching programme was to add on to the knowledge of housewives regarding household waste management besides to promote health and hygiene and to encourage them to establish healthy patterns of behavior that inuence their health, environment and psychological wellbeing. A pre-test Materials and methods: and post-test experimental design was used in the study to evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge regarding household waste management among housewives in rural community of Wasoora Pulwama, J&K, India. Systematic random sampling technique was used for selection of 60 housewives from accessible population. The ndings re Results: vealed that in pre-test group, maximum number of the study subjects (51.7%) had average level of knowledge, 38.3% of study subjects had poor knowledge and only 10% of study subjects were found to have adequate knowledge. Whereas in post-test group majority of the study subjects (76.7%) had adequate knowledge, 23.3% of study subjects had average knowledge and none of the study subjects were found to have poor knowledge regarding household waste management. The mean post-test knowledge score (82.3±2.36) of the study subjects regarding household waste management is signicantly higher than that of the mean pre-test knowledge score (46.5±2.32) indicating that structured teaching programme was effective in enhancing the knowledge of housewives. There was a signicant association between pre-test knowledge score and the selected demographic variables like age, educational status and monthly income. However, non-signicant association was found between pre-test knowledge score of study subjects with one demographic variable, i.e., Mode of waste disposal at p≤ 0.05. The structured teachi Conclusion: ng programme was found effective in improving the knowledge of study subjects regarding household waste management. Signicant association was found between pre-test knowledge with majority of the selected demographic variables (age, educational status, family income).

Household Waste Management As a Medium for Maggot Cultivation in Resun villages

This community service program was carried out in Resun Village, North Lingga District, Lingga Regency. The waste problem in Resun Village, North Lingga District, Lingga Regency, has been a problem that has been born for a long time and has not received maximum treatment due to the lack of facilities and infrastructure. This internship activity resulted in a program after observations for some time, namely socialization about waste management, a waste sorting program from home, and also a maggot cultivation program with the use of organic waste as a feed medium. The purpose of the socialization of this maggot cultivation program is to provide solutions to reduce waste accumulation and make waste more useful. Socialization of the maggot (Hermetia illucens) cultivation program to the community in Resun Village, North Lingga District, Lingga Regency, Riau Islands Province.

Insights on Harnessing Domestic Biowaste for Greening the Green City of Benguerir in Morocco

As the human population grows, the amount of household-generated waste is projected to grow. However, data on the amounts of household-generated waste are lacking in many regions. Uncertainties in the amounts and fractions of biowaste make it challenging to manage actions that reduce its environmental impacts and generate value. The current observational study sought to quantify and characterize the household waste generated in the green city of Benguerir. To achieve this objective, we surveyed waste generation rates in 68 randomly selected households. The results showed that, on average, 0.69 kg of waste was generated per person per day. An average of 80% of the household-generated waste was biowaste, which, if managed appropriately, represents a valuable source of plant nutrients. We estimated that shifting from the current landfill disposal of biowaste to its utilization for compost and biogas production will result in up to an 88% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions. These findings suggest that managing household waste will be vital for reducing city-wide carbon emissions and simultaneously creating employment in the waste management sector.

Household waste sorting practice, and factors associated with sorting practice in Bedelle town, Southwest Ethiopia.

Household solid waste generation rate in low-income countries is increasing due to population growth and changes in people's lifestyles. Sorting waste into categories is an important step in household waste management. However, there is limited information about sorting practices in a low-income setting like Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess household solid waste (HSW) sorting practices, and factors associated with sorting practices.A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to May 2021 in Bedelle town. Households were randomly selected, and household heads were interviewed using a pre-tested questionnaire. A total of 209 households were included. The proportion of households that practice waste sorting was calculated. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between HSW sorting practices and associated factors. A P-value of less than 0.05 was declared as significant. The Hosmer and Lemeshow tests were used to check for model fitness.The result of the study shows that the proportion of householders who practiced waste sorting practice in the setting was 21.53%. The sex of the household head, information on sorting benefits, and the availability of private waste collectors for resource recovery were factors in practicing waste sorting at the household level. Accordingly, male-headed households are 88% less likely to practice sorting practice than female-headed households, and those having access to information on waste sorting benefits are 3.68 times more likely to practice sorting, and similarly, households, where private waste collectors are active, are about 4 times more likely to practice waste sorting at the household level than their counterpart. This finding calls on the municipality to create awareness about solid waste sorting practices at the household level, involving both male and female householders in waste management and mobilizing waste collectors at the household level to facilitate effective waste sorting and reuse as sustainable solid waste management options in the town.

Consumer Motivation behind the Use of Ecological Charcoal in Cameroon

Climate change and global warming are amplified by pollution and deforestation. For this reason, governments around the world meet every year to find ways to reduce pollution and deforestation and ensure sustainable development. The use of clean energy, particularly ecological charcoal, appears to be an appropriate solution in developing countries. The main objective of this research is to assess the motivations for the consumption of ecological charcoal in Cameroon, using a quantitative approach based on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Data were collected from 525 households in the cities of Yaoundé and Douala, Cameroon. The results show that the desire to protect the environment (ecological sensibility), the desire to reduce the energy costs of cooking (economic sensibility), the need to improve health and security, and the desire to enhance the quality of meals and to preserve the cleanliness of pots are all determinants in the consumers’ choice to use ecological charcoal. These results are refreshing. In Cameroon, in addition to its economic value, the massive consumption of ecological charcoal will contribute to a reduction in household waste management problems in cities and municipalities, while preserving the environment.

Pelatihan Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga dengan Cara Pilah Sampah di Desa Pidodowetan Kabupaten Kendal

<p align="justify"><em>The increasing consumption value of urban communities in meeting their daily needs is a contributor to the increasing amount of waste that must be disposed of. Household waste cannot be considered small in terms of the capacity of waste contributors to the environment. The problems faced by partners, namely residents of RT 01 RW 03 of Pidodowetan Village, Patebon District, Kendal Regency, are mainly related to sorting, separating, handling, and managing household waste. A strategic handling of waste management is needed. The government has taken various actions toward handling and managing waste, it's just that it hasn't touched the lowest level of handling, namely household waste. The purpose of community service activity is to provide training and outreach to the community to be able to sort waste and recognize types of waste that have economic value so that they can be saved in a waste bank, and only types of residue may enter the Final Processing Site (TPA). The implementation method used is in the form of lectures as well as discussions and direct practice with partners. In this activity, the results showed that there was a change, some members of the community were able to sort household waste. Partners do not experience significant obstacles because they have received provisions in counseling related to the sorting and economic use of waste, both organic and inorganic waste. In the future, it is expected to make the cleanliness of the surrounding residential environment better.</em></p>

Assessment of Household Practices of Solid Waste Management in Jammu City, India

The problem of Solid Waste Management (SWM) has gained recent attention in developing countries. The city of Jammu being a major city of Union Territory (UT) J&K, a prominent tourist and pilgrim site is facing a massive upheaval in the waste generation rates. The city is facing a sharp contrast between increasing generation rates on one hand and inadequacy of funds on the other hand. Jammu city is observed to generate 350-400 Tons per Day (TPD) with a per capita generation of 550 grams per day. The survey shows that residents of the city do not segregate waste at the source, possess inadequate storage facilities and often dump the waste openly without any treatment. They tend to have little knowledge about the efficient practices of waste management, adverse consequences on the environment and public health and the prevailing laws in the state. Thus, the sound planning of waste management study attempts to address the challenges linked to current household waste management practices. The study further recommends resorting to the practice of 3 Rs-Reduce, reuse and recycle, involving households in segregation at the source, making the residents aware of the existing by-laws and encouraging their participation in efficient waste management practices. These practices will act as a driver for behavior change of individuals towards efficient household practices of managing waste.

Edukasi Pilah Sampah pada Masyarakat Desa Labuaja, Kabupaten Maros

Garbage is one of the environmental health problems in Indonesia. Household waste management requires the active involvement of individuals and community groups, in addition to the government's role as a facilitator. Urban solid waste management requires active access by individuals and community groups, in addition to the role of government facilitators. One of the groups that should be given an understanding of the importance of protecting the environment by sorting waste is elementary school teachers. This service aims to provide increased knowledge about how to sort waste. The service method used is Asset Based Community Development (ABCD) at SDN 247 Pattiro, Labuaja Village, Maros Regency. The service was carried out on December 11, 2021 with a total of 56 students (i). The service was carried out by giving the pre-test questionnaire first, then providing counseling, then giving the post-test questionnaire again with the same questions. Data were analyzed using the dependent t-test. The results of the service show that there is an increase in students' knowledge after education is given. It is suggested to the school to follow up on the waste sorting education that has been carried out so that the perceived benefits can be sustainable.

Pengelolaan Sampah Rumah Tangga (Studi Kasus di Nagari Saok Laweh Kecamatan Kubung)

This study aims to find, understand and explain the problem as a phenomenon that occurs. The phenomenon in this study is the management of household waste in Nagari Saok Laweh, Kubung District. The results showed that 64% of the respondents acknowledged the very important role of local community leaders, while 36% of the community stated that there was no role from the two governments in terms of providing socialization/training on how to manage waste properly. While 58% of respondents stated that the infrastructure for waste management in Nagari Saok Laweh was still lacking, while the remaining 32% benefited that the infrastructure was sufficient because the community in front of the road was in the trash can, 10% of respondents answered. Community participation in direct waste management 54% of respondents do not carry out environmental management activities directly, and 16% less often, and 7% of respondents quite often and 16% often do waste management.

Regulatory Obstacles in Municipal Solid Waste Management in Kazakhstan in Comparison with the EU

In the context of achieving the goals of the modern environmental agenda, the issue of effective management of household waste is a complex problem, being one of the highest priorities on a global scale. Regional features and the lack of effective international instruments often hinder the solution of this problem, complicating the development and application of common mechanisms. For Kazakhstan, which is the largest country in Central Asia and the state that produces the largest amount of household waste in the region, the issue of managing household waste is of particular relevance. This study is on the prospects for political and legal regulation in matters of municipal waste management in Kazakhstan within the framework of the use of foreign legal instruments and practices. Besides that, the study examines the prospects for the management of solid domestic waste in the country. Based on the study of foreign experience in the management of domestic waste, we identified the shortcomings of the existing legislative regulation in this area in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The analysis showed that the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan in the relevant area is at the stage of formation. At the same time, the existing problems require a comprehensive solution related to the development of an integrated approach, which implies the effective interaction of political and legal instruments. In particular, the use of national strategies and programs, integrated waste management programs, and the development of an appropriate regulatory framework for them. A review of political initiatives that directly affect the prospects for the formation of legal regulation indicated the commitment of the subjects of policy making in the field of environmental protection of the Republic of Kazakhstan to approaches based on the preference for minimizing or preventing waste generation and for the waste-to-energy principles. These initiatives are in line with the environmental policies in the EU.

LEGISLATIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE APPROACHES TO HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

The evolution and content of the Ukrainian Laws "On Waste", "On Strategic Ecological Valuation", "On Waste Management" as key documents of the national legislative base regarding the treatment and management of waste, including household, on the subject of their ability to provide administration solutions to growing problems in the specified field of activity are investigated. In particular, it is established that the evolution of the title of the executive power central body (CBEP) in the current Law of Ukraine "On Waste", which is at present the main one in Ukraine regarding household waste (HW) management, has proceeded from rather specific to quite blurred parallel to the significant increase of problems in the sphere of HW treatment, specific sources of funding of the above-mentioned treatment have not been prescribed at the state level. In the procedure of strategic ecological valuation (SЕV) of the state planning documents (SPD), a large number of authorities at all stages of customer valuation (executive power body, local government) and non-availability of participation of the rest of SEV individuals (executive power central bodies (CBEP), regional state administration (RSA), public) at the final stages, particularly, at such important one as monitoring the consequences SPD execution for the environment and public health is determined. The dependence of the flow depth of HW processing from financing and implementation of regional and local waste management plans is proved. Schemes of management and HW treatment are given, and their functioning, in particular, the essence of HW management, is investigated. It is established that at this stage of the country's life for the next seven years, there are no necessary sources for funding the investment programs in HW management. Therefore, it is reasonable to attract budget funds, contributions from investors and grants from the countries of the European Union and the world.The ways to solve the problems in waste management are proposed.

Impactos de la educación ambiental basado en la clasificación de los residuos sólidos domésticos

In Quevedo, the Guayacán parish is known for its commercial activity in the residential area, waste disposal does not include classification at the source, and the municipal temporary collectors located in each sector are not sufficient for the existing inhabitants. Evaluating the environmental education plan, according to the level of knowledge, attitudes, practices, moral obligations and government policies, is the objective of the research. 352 inhabitants were surveyed by means of a questionnaire with two sections of questions: demographic information and household waste management. The environmental education plan that fosters an environmental attitude, ecological awareness and environmental sensitivity was implemented in 53 volunteer households, with house-to-house visits. The per capita generation of 0.85kg/inhab*day and 64.35% of the generation corresponds to organic waste according to the characterization phase.