Hot Tips Research Articles

Reputation laundering and museum collections: patterns, priorities, provenance, and hidden crime

ABSTRACT Provenance research in museums has traditionally been reactive and focused on singular objects with dubious histories, such as colonial-era acquisitions, Nazi-looted art, and objects with active ownership claims; the ‘crimes’ we expect to see. But what if what we think we know prevents us from seeing the bigger picture within and across museum collections? We argue that a machine-learning approach to provenance could allow the detection of broader patterns of unethical or even criminal behaviour that are embedded in the relationships underpinning museum collections. To demonstrate the potential of a machine-learning approach, we present a computer-assisted model that predicts plausible patterns and connections, ‘leads’ or ‘hot tips’, derived from a dataset of unstructured texts concerning the antiquities trade. Preliminary results have revealed what may have been a multi-decade scheme involving the donation of low-value Latin American antiquities to museums as a form of ‘reputation laundering’ potentially in advance of criminal fraud. We believe that such patterns could not be identified by an approach to museum provenance that is restricted to known problems within individual institution, demonstrating the need for innovative provenance tools and approaches that consider the complex networks within which museum objects exist.

Signatures of dynamic fibrils at the coronal base: Observations from Solar Orbiter/EUI

The solar chromosphere hosts a wide variety of transients, including dynamic fibrils (DFs) that are characterised as elongated, jet-like features seen in active regions, often through Hα diagnostics. So far, these features have been difficult to identify in coronal images, primarily due to their small size and the lower spatial resolution of the current extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) imagers. Here we present the first unambiguous signatures of DFs in coronal EUV data using high-resolution images from the Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUI) on board Solar Orbiter. Using the data acquired with the 174 Å High Resolution Imager (HRIEUV) of EUI, we find many bright dot-like features (with a size of 0.3−0.5 Mm) that move up and down (often repeatedly) in the core of an active region. In a space-time map, these features produce parabolic tracks akin to the chromospheric observations of DFs. Properties such as their speeds (14 km s−1), lifetime (332 s), deceleration (82 m s−2), and lengths (1293 km) are also reminiscent of the chromospheric DFs. The EUI data strongly suggest that these EUV bright dots are basically the hot tips (of the cooler chromospheric DFs) that could not be identified unambiguously before because of a lack of spatial resolution.

Analysis of solidification microstructure and cracking mechanism of a matrix high-speed steel deposited using directed-energy deposition

This study investigated the microstructure and cracking mechanism of a matrix high-speed steel fabricated by direct energy deposition. The combined effect of rapid solidification and chemical composition on microstructure and cracking mechanism during deposition were investigated. Excessive solute segregation into inter-dendritic regions due to rapid solidification caused formation of retained austenite in the inter-dendritic region and formation of α'-martensite in the dendritic region. The excess solute segregation decreased equilibrium solidification temperature and caused formation of low-melting eutectic carbides in the inter-dendritic region. These carbides increased hot-cracking susceptibility, and caused solidification cracking and liquation cracking in the inter-dendritic region. In contrast, tensile residual stress in deposited layers may have caused cold cracking in α'-martensite near the hot crack tips. Cold cracks contributed to growth of macroscopic longitudinal cracks throughout the specimen by bridging the hot cracks formed during solidification or reheating.

Call for Workshop and Tutorial Proposals!

For many now, Workshops and Tutorials have been an important element of the technical program at the annual IEEE symposia on EMC (and now EMC, Signal Integrity (SI), and Power Integrity (PI)). This part of the program consistently provides significant educational opportunities on a wide range of practical topics from fundamentals and basic measurements to the most advanced modeling and simulation techniques and applications and even a few hot tips on making effective presentations or being successful as an EMC consultant. Since its inception, this part of the technical program has grown from a handful of topics to so many sessions that it takes two and sometimes two and one-half days to contain it! The chairs of the Workshop and Tutorial program for the 2022 IEEE International Symposium on EMC+SIPI expect to carry on this tradition in Spokane.

Metapragmatic discourses in differentiating genres in online media

One of the possible ways to explore contextualization is through external discourses referencing the pragmatics of the discourse in question. These are known as metapragmatic discourse. The purpose of this article is to theoretically integrate the concept of metapragmatics into genre analysis and apply metapragmatic tools to the analysis of specific genres. Five YouTube videos together with their accompanying comments exhibiting metapragmatic properties were analyzed. Methodologically, the analysis relies on the textually oriented content analysis. The results indicate that placing discourses nominally relying on one and the same generic form into a certain genre may be predicated on contextual variables that may have nothing to do with said form per se. These variables, however, may be verbalized by the original author and by their audience in the form of metapragmatic markers. This may mean that for the final addressee, the “effect” of the original discourse will depend on the attribution of this discourse, based on the metapragmatic markers, to one of the “competing” genre variations emerging, as it were, in an ongoing exchange between the author and his audience. A case in point are sponsored and “honest” review genres. A second observation resides in the realm of hybrid genres. An example here is integrating sponsored content into one of the “legitimate” lifestyle-genres (“hot tips”, vlog, etc.). A fraction of the discourse community seems to view this as delegitimizing the discourse and the genre in question, while others see it as an “unfortunate insert”, which does not, however, change the genre’s overall value. This leaves the question open whether such genres should be considered new and full-fledged genres, with sponsored content being one of their integral features.

Capturing the wisdom of the crowd: health professions' educators meet at avirtual world café.

BackgroundConversations about educational challenges and potential solutions among a globally and culturally diverse group of health professions’ educators can facilitate identity formation, mentoring relationships and professional network building. The COVID-19 pandemic has made it even more important to co-create and disseminate knowledge, specifically regarding online and flexible learning formats.ApproachBased on the principles of social learning, we combined speed mentoring and world café formats to offer a virtual Zoom™ workshop, with large and small group discussions, to reach health professions’ educators across the globe. The goal was to establish a psychologically safe space for dialogue regarding adaptation to online teaching-learning formats.EvaluationWe aimed to establish psychological safety to stimulate thought-provoking discussions within the various small groups and obtain valuable contributions from participants. From these conversations, we were able to formulate ‘hot tips’ on how to adapt to (sometimes new) online teaching-learning formats while nurturing teacher and student wellbeing.ReflectionThrough this virtual workshop we realized that despite contextual differences, many challenges are common worldwide. We experienced technological difficulties during the session, which needed rapid adaptation by the organising team. We encouraged, but did not pressure, participants to use video and audio during breakout discussions as we wanted them to feel safe and comfortable. The large audience size and different time zones were challenging; therefore, leadership had to be resilient and focussed. Although this virtual format was triggered by the pandemic, the format can be continued in the future to discuss other relevant global education topics.

Enjoy a home win

Educational technology provides plenty of ways to bridge the gap between homework and game play. Martin Bailey provides some hot tips for achieving the right balance.

Heat-Resisting and Flame-Retarding Difunctional Separators for Safe Lithium-Ion Battery

Considering the ever increasing demands for the large-scale lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) targeting for the electric vehicles (EVs) and energy storage systems (ESSs), safety of LIBs is the primary issue to be solved for the successful implementation in a market. Although various types of heat-resisting separators have been suggested by introducing heat-resisting ceramic fillers, the main purpose of them is to improve dimensional stability of polyolefin-based microporous separator at high temperature [1,2]. If the separators are able to prevent not only short-circuit, but also retard flammability of organic liquid electrolytes at an abnormal condition, they can significantly improve the safety of LIBs. To achieve this goal, here in, we introduced ammonium phosphate, a typical flame-retardant, in the ceramic-coated separators. We optimized the coating process and evaluated physical properties of the surface-coated separators such as morphology, permeability, wettability, ionic conductivity etc. Furthermore, we investigated the heat-resistance using hot electric iron tips and the combustion behavior of surface-coated separators by measuring self-extinguish time. The effect of surface-coated separators on the electrochemical properties of LIBs is also evaluated using 2032-type coin cells. Reference [1] Taejoo Lee et al. Effect of Al2O3coatings prepared by RF sputtering on polyethylene separators for high-power lithium ion batteries, Macromolecular Research, 22, 1190-1195 (2014) [2] Myung-Hyun Ryou et al, Mussel-Inspired Polydopamine-Treated Polyethylene Separators for High-Power Li-Ion Batteries, Adv. Mater., 23, 3066–3070 (2011) Acknowledgements This research was supported by the Ministry of Trade, Industry & Energy(MOTIE), Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT) through the Encouragement Program for The Industries of Economic Cooperation Region (G02A01280032701)

Regioselective Localization and Tracking of Biomolecules on Single Gold Nanoparticles.

Selective localization of biomolecules at the hot spots of a plasmonic nanoparticle is an attractive strategy to exploit the light–matter interaction due to the high field concentration. Current approaches for hot spot targeting are time‐consuming and involve prior knowledge of the hot spots. Multiphoton plasmonic lithography is employed to rapidly immobilize bovine serum albumin (BSA) hydrogel at the hot spot tips of a single gold nanotriangle (AuNT). Regioselectivity and quantity control by manipulating the polarization and intensity of the incident laser are also established. Single AuNTs are tracked using dark‐field scattering spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy to characterize the regioselective process. Fluorescence lifetime measurements further confirm BSA immobilization on the AuNTs. Here, the AuNT‐BSA hydrogel complexes, in conjunction with single‐particle optical monitoring, can act as a framework for understanding light–molecule interactions at the subnanoparticle level and has potential applications in biophotonics, nanomedicine, and life sciences.

Hot Tips Turned Flops: Liability for Unsuitable Investment Advice An Integrated Approach

This paper develops a new analytical framework for assessing losses from unsuitable investment advice, integrating both legal and economic aspects. First, a core of legal concepts for assessing losses is identified that is common to most jurisdictions. These include negligence in advice, causation as examined by the but-for-test, and the loss caused by the unsuitable advice. Building upon these legal concepts, five economic tests are developed for analyzing the causal chain from improper advice to financial loss. If the tests show that the advice was unsuitable, the investor did not know about it, the investment violated his risk patterns, and the assets most likely chosen with suitable advice would have performed better, an economic proof for establishing liability is provided, thus supporting legal assessments of losses. Several new analytical tools are suggested to substantiate the analysis. As a major conclusion, it is shown that proving liability for unsuitable investment advice gets more difficult, the more financially sophisticated an investor is.

Helder Maiato: Hot (+)TIPs on mitosis

Maiato studies how microtubule plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs) influence mitosis.

SP0001 Finding your Way Around Eular Hot Tips for a Successful Conference

This year we’ve decided to present a preliminary session on getting the best out of EULAR for health professionals. This will be a short introduction to the logistics in Madrid,...

Hot tips on hot tips: Technical problems with percutaneous insertion of a microwave antenna through rigid tissue

We report an instance of microwave antenna breakage upon insertion through rigid costal cartilage and tip dislodgement during withdrawal of the antenna. Furthermore, we highlight antenna incompatibility with certain coaxial needles. Given the complexity and fragility of microwave antennas, it is not recommended to insert them through rigid tissue such as cartilage or calcified pleural plaques.

Efficient Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube Micro Tip Arrays by Tailoring Cross-Stacked Carbon Nanotube Sheets

Carbon nanotube (CNT) micro tip arrays with hairpin structures on patterned silicon wafers were efficiently fabricated by tailoring the cross-stacked CNT sheet with laser. A blade-like structure was formed at the laser-cut edges of the CNT sheet. CNT field emitters, pulled out from the end of the hairpin by an adhesive tape, can provide 150 μA intrinsic emission currents with low beam noise. The nice field emission is ascribed to the Joule-heating-induced desorption of the emitter surface by the hairpin structure, the high temperature annealing effect, and the surface morphology. The CNT emitters with hairpin structures will greatly promote the applications of CNTs in vacuum electronic devices and hold the promises to be used as the hot tips for thermochemical nanolithography. More CNT-based structures and devices can be fabricated on a large scale by this versatile method.

Analysis of Arc Tube Properties by Degradation in Ceramic Metal Halide Lamp

To clarify the relations of optical properties to the main factors responsible for the loss and damage of luminous efficacy, a 20 min turn-on/turn-off test for 2,000 h for a ceramic metal halide lamp is conducted. The corrosion rates of the arc tube wall and electrode are estimated based on thermal stress. Wall blackening is attributed to the tungsten being transported from the hot electrode tips to the relatively cold arc tube wall. Furthermore, the grain boundaries of the arc tube are changed by the degradation. Distortion of the electrode is observed, and the ignition and the driving voltage of the load both increase. Finally, the color rendering index and the color coordinates are changed after the degradation. The luminous flux and the intensity of the luminous distribution are decreased significantly.

Writing Conductive Lines with Hot Tips

Writing Conductive Lines with Hot Tips

Melting and Sublimation of Planetary Ices Under Low Pressure Conditions: Laboratory Experiments with a Melting Probe Prototype

One possibility to explore the subsurface layers of icy bodies is to use a probe with a “hot tip", which is able to penetrate ice layers by melting. Such probes have been built and used in the past for the exploration of terrestrial polar ice sheets and may also become useful tools to explore other icy layers in the Solar System. Examples for such layers are the polar areas of Mars or the icy crust of Jupiter’s moon Europa. However, while on Earth a heated probe launched into an ice sheet always causes melting with subsequent refreezing, the behaviour of such a probe in a low pressure environment is quite different. We report on the results of some experiments with a simple “melting probe" prototype with two different kinds of hot tips in a vacuum environment. For one of the tips the probe moved into two types of ice samples: (i) compact water ice and (ii) porous water ice with a snow (firn) like texture. It was also found that the penetration behaviour was basically different for the two sample types even when the same kind of tip was used. While in the porous sample the ice was only subliming, the phase changes occurring during the interaction of the tip with the compact ice are much more complex. Here alternating phases of melting and sublimation occur. The absence of the liquid phase has severe consequences on the performance of a “melting probe" under vacuum conditions: In this environment we find a high thermal resistance between the probe surface and the underlying ice. Therefore, only a low percentage of the heat that is generated in the tip is used to melt or sublime the ice, the bulk of the power is transferred towards the rear end of the probe. This is particularly a problem in the initial phases of an ice penetration experiment, when the probe has not yet penetrated the ice over its whole length. In the compact ice sample, phases could be observed, where a high enough gas pressure had built up locally underneath the probe, so that melting becomes possible. Only during these melting periods the thermal contact between the probe and the ice is good and in consequence the melting probe works effectively.

Nanoscale heat transfer at contact between a hot tip and a substrate

Hot tips are used either for characterizing nanostructures by using scanning thermal microscopes or for local heating to assist data writing. The tip-sample thermal interaction involves conduction at solid–solid contact as well as conduction through the ambient gas and through the water meniscus. We analyze those three heat transfer modes with experimental data and modeling. We conclude that the three modes contribute in a similar manner to the thermal contact conductance but they have distinct contact radii ranging from 30 nm to 1 μm. We also show that any scanning thermal microscope has a 1–3 μm resolution when used in ambient air.

Hot tips for implementing an integrated management system

The author explains how to combine certification for quality, environment and health & safety.

Diffusion-limited aggregation with power-law pinning.

Using stochastic conformal mapping techniques we study the patterns emerging from Laplacian growth with a power-law decaying threshold for growth R(-gamma)(N) (where R(N) is the radius of the N-particle cluster). For gamma>1 the growth pattern is in the same universality class as diffusion limited aggregation (DLA), while for gamma<1 the resulting patterns have a lower fractal dimension D(gamma) than a DLA cluster due to the enhancement of growth at the hot tips of the developing pattern. Our results indicate that a pinning transition occurs at gamma=1/2, significantly smaller than might be expected from the lower bound alpha(min) approximately 0.67 of multifractal spectrum of DLA. This limiting case shows that the most singular tips in the pruned cluster now correspond to those expected for a purely one-dimensional line. Using multifractal analysis, analytic expressions are established for D(gamma) both close to the breakdown of DLA universality class, i.e., gamma less, similar 1, and close to the pinning transition, i.e., gamma greater, similar 1/2.