Hot Pursuit Research Articles

Universal Jurisdiction: The Complex Implementation

The article discusses the concept of universal jurisdiction and its implementation in international law. It explores the relationship between universal jurisdiction and treaty law, as well as customary international law. The author emphasizes the importance of universal jurisdiction in holding individuals accountable for serious international crimes, even when they flee to another country. The article also discusses the concept of hot pursuit and its connection to universal jurisdiction. Real-life geopolitical events are presented to illustrate the complexities and challenges of implementing universal jurisdiction. The author argues that universal jurisdiction can contribute to peace and security by redefining international relations and moving away from traditional approaches. The article draws on various primary and secondary sources to support its arguments.

Borderlines of Home Privacy Against Warrantless Home Entries under the United States Criminal Procedure

The protection of privacy interest can be extended to the curtilage including a garage, driveways, a front porch, and back yards surrounding the home for a single family home and locked common spaces for multi-unit dwellings. The United State Supreme Court in 2021 decided on whether a warrantless entry into a home is in violation of the Fourth Amendment of the United State Constitution which requires warrants before entering into private premises to search and seizure. The Court in Caniglia v. Strom held that the police need to obtain a warrant before entering into a home even if they perform community caretaking duties. The Court reasoned that community caretaking duties alone do not justify a warrantless home entry without exigent circumstances. In addition, the Court in Lange v. California ruled that the exigency-circumstances exception to the warrant requirement does not apply to a warrantless home entry during a hot pursuit in case of a fleeing misdemeanor. The Court relied on a case-by-case or case-specific approach, by rejecting a categorical approach in determining exigencies in hot pursuit of a fleeing misdemeanor suspect.
 The two cases emphasized the importance to protect an individual’s privacy interest in a home against the government’s unreasonable intrusions and warned a flat or categorical approach or application of previously-established case laws.
 This paper reviews the warrant requirement and its exceptions in relation to a warrantless home entry of the police. It analyzes two decisions together to observe how a community caretaking exception and an exigency-circumstances exception are applied to warrantless home entries. In addition, the paper attempts to review some provisions of Korean law addressing exceptions to the warrant requirement in case of exigencies related to home entries.

Использование военно-морских сил для противодействия пиратству на море: преследование по горячим следам

The article analyzes modern maritime piracy, which poses a serious threat to maritime security and violates the universally recognized principle of freedom of the seas. According to the author, hot pursuit plays an important role in collecting evidence of committed maritime piracy. In conclusion, it is concluded that it is necessary to improve the regulatory and legal provisions on hot pursuit and the system of training military forces and means in general.

Two-in-one structure as both lithium protective layer and electrolyte for safe solid-state lithium-metal battery

Demands for safe and compact electrochemical energy storage inspire hot pursuit of development of solid-state lithium-metal batteries (SSLMBs). However, several challenges, including high reaction activity of lithium metal anode and suboptimal comprehensive performance of solid-state electrolytes, hinder SSLMBs for broad applications. Herein, we propose the ingenious construction and application of polyvinylidene chlorid-based composite (PVDCC) as a two-in-one functional material that simultaneously protects the lithium metal anode from air/water corrosions and acts as solid-state electrolyte. On the basis of standout barrier and fine ion-permeability of PVDC, the as-constructed PVDC-based composite exhibits both excellent high air/water stability and high ionic conductivity in wide temperature range (e.g., 5.02 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 25 °C and 3.92 × 10−4 S cm−1 at 0 °C), thus contributing to remakable electrochemical performances in SSLMB, especially under a low temperature. For instance, at 0 °C, a reversible average discharge capacity of 95 mAh g−1 at 0.3 C with high capacity retention (99%) after 300 cycles can be accomplished. More encouragingly, the PVDCC with two-in-one functionality enables the access of assembling safe SSLMBs in ambient air. This proof-of-concept study offers fresh insights for tailoring the functional materials with both effective lithium protective layer and advanced solid-state electrolyte to facilely achieve high-performance SSLMBs.

Cultural and educational work in the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War (22.06.1941–09.05.1945): the first attempts to study the problem undertaken in the Soviet historiography in hot pursuit

In the Soviet, post-Soviet and modern Russian historiography of the beginning of the 21st century, it was established that the system of party and political work successfully functioned in the Red Army during the Great Patriotic War (22.06.194109.05.1945). Its integral element was (albeit with a relative degree of independence) cultural and educational work. Moreover, in the Soviet historical science, their research was held in the category of priority, which cannot be said about the post-Soviet historiography. The author of the paper has made an attempt to consider the history of studying the problem of cultural and educational work in the Soviet historical science during the Great Patriotic War, figuratively speaking, in hot pursuit. In the coverage of the topic indicated in the title of this paper, the following circumstances are fully taken into account: the conditions for the performance of the first works, determined by the emerging military-political situation, and the process of restructuring of the Soviet historical science during the war; a small number of historiographical and historical sources that were published in the chronological framework indicated above; the absence of works that would correspond strictly to academic canons, the presence of a certain chronicle on them on the subject of the feat of the Soviet people in the fight against Nazi Germany and its satellites; the absence of a proper historiographical understanding of our topic. The paper is made from the standpoint of modern theoretical and methodological approaches, in the key of a lapidary historiographical review (with small elements of conciseness). Consequently, there are no copyright claims to the completeness of the coverage of the problem.

Brides in Rags! Conflict, Political Organization, Political Settlements and Uganda’s Transition to Multi-Party Politics Since 1986

Following a long-drawn-out five-year insurgency (1981‒1986), Uganda moved from a crisis to stability where political organizations were progressively transformed, albeit with institutionalized roadblocks. The former insurgent army – the National Resistance Army (NRA) and its political wing the National Resistance Movement (NRM) pursued a post-conflict transformation process, which was essentially driven by neo-liberal reforms, but metamorphosed into a dominant political party, undermining the hither to traditional political parties. Through historical interrogation, this paper seeks to bring to the fore reflections to the questions; “Why did the post war-NRA/NRM undertake a rapid shift in political ordering after the guerrilla war in 1986? Why did the new government pursue a pseudo neo-liberal agenda that sought free-market style policies and nested democratization after the guerrilla war?” These preliminary questions are asked for two fundamental reasons. One; it is common knowledge that in the early 1970s Museveni –The NRA warlord was a Marxist–Leninist and therefore in hot pursuit for socialism as a mode of statecraft. However, he became less of a socialist particularly at the end of his rebellion. Why? Secondly, post-war state-building theory, presupposes that after rebels have captured power following a civil war, their propensity to pursue liberal free-market type of politics is habitually low. Why then did NRA/NRM with extremely negative views for free-market style of politics undertake to institute multi-party politics? What political settlements did NRM pursue and how have they been institutionalized and instrumentalized overtime? What have been the attendant effects of these settlements in Uganda and how can these impacts be profiled in light of other war-to peace states in Africa?

In hot pursuit of a stable wormhole in beyond Horndeski theory

We consider the issue of stability at the linearized level for static, spherically symmetric wormhole solutions within a subclass of scalar-tensor theories of beyond Horndeski type. In this class of theories we derive a set of stability conditions ensuring the absence of ghosts and both radial and angular gradient instabilities about a static, spherically symmetric background. This set of constraints extends the existing one and completes the stability analysis for high energy modes in both parity odd and parity even sectors, while ``slow'' tachyonic instabilities remain unconstrained. We give an example of beyond Horndeski Lagrangian admitting a wormhole solution which complies with all stability constraints for the high energy modes.

Совершенствование криминалистического взаимодействия при расследовании хищений, совершенных с использованием методов социальной инженерии, реализуемых при помощи информационно-телекоммуникационных технологий

One of the trends in the implementation of selfish goals with the help of information and telecommunication technologies is the use of social engineering methods when committing theft of other people’s property. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the considered fraudulent activities are implemented using computer or mobile devices and technologies. The article is devoted to the consideration of the features of improving forensic interaction in the investigation of these thefts. The paper clarifies the mechanism for using social engineering methods in the theft of other people’s property, and also forms a circle of subjects of interaction. The author refers to the specified subjects of interaction the organizations providing cellular communication services, the Internet, banking organizations, specialists with special knowledge, law enforcement officers, etc. The conclusion is made regarding the improvement of the areas of forensic interaction in the investigation of these crimes, which make it possible to successfully obtain forensically significant information, search for a criminal in hot pursuit, as well as prevent the commission of new crimes. In conclusion, it is concluded that the improvement of the interaction under consideration is necessary and extremely important, since this will not only allow organizing a preliminary investigation properly, but will also contribute to the development of a system of measures for forensic and criminological prevention of theft of the type under study.

International journalism by Bakhyt Rustemov

The article examines the area of Kazakh journalism, which is an important indicator that the country is sovereign and independent. This is a genre of international journalism, in the development of which the works of the Kazakh journalist and public figure B.T. Rustemov have certain significance. The purpose of our article: for the first time to consider the work of B.Rustemov; reveal its role in the development of international journalism; analyze the priority direction of his journalistic works; show how the skillfully used printed form of journalism in combination with journalism on the Internet reflects the position of the author and the individual world of a contemporary in the context of international reality; and also reveal the task of B.Rustemov, a journalist, to bring the culture of his people into direct contact with global culture. Discussion works of B. Rustemov, written in hot pursuit, arouse not only interest in the reader, but also polemics, make one think, since B. Rustemov operates with facts in them, taking responsibility for his judgments about the modern world and the role of Kazakhstan in a multinational society, reflecting the important and value guidelines of the Kazakh people. This direction of the author’s journalistic activity reveals an essential feature of his artistic and journalistic style. B.Rustemov’s international journalism is the connecting link of the new Kazakhstan and the whole world

Николай Данилевский: между славянофильством и панславизмом

Nikolay Danilevsky’s book “Russia and Europe” was written in hot pursuit of the Crimean War (1853–1856), when the powers of Holy Union broke political equilibrium after the victory of the Russian army over Napoleon and started a new aggressive war against Russia, the only sovereign Slavic state in Europe. The book could be evaluated as an in­tellectual epilogue of the Crimean War in which there were pointed out two central prob­lems: firstly, to show the sovereignty and future perspectives of Slavic civilization, which has occupied it’s own legitimate historic place in Europe as an independent cultural-his­toric type; secondly, to construct the project of the All-Slavic Union as a protective bar­rier against European invasion. The solution of the first problem was based on the tradi­tions of Russian thought, especially on Slavophilism. So that demonstrated it’s culmina­tion and specific Russian contribution to the world civilizational theory. The solution of the second problem was based on the “circle of conservative utopia” (A. Walicki) de­rived from the European Pan-Slavism (Austroslavism), founded on the territory of Aus­tro-Hungarian Empire as early as at the beginning of the nineteenth century. The contra­dictory combination of Slavophilism and Pan-Slavism is the subject of the historiosophi­cal study in the current article.

SIGNAL DETECTION AND VALIDATION IN AN ERA OF BIG GERONTOLOGICAL DATA

Abstract Older adult health assessment long has posed measurement challenges—multidimensionality of sentinel outcomes like functioning and frailty, for example. This presentation discusses three developments creating opportunities for gerontologic biostatistics (GBS) over the past 10 years. Firstly, modeling to internally validate measurements or to quantify systematic heterogeneity in assessing older adult health has become considerably more widespread. Confirmatory latent variable modeling, harmonization, and mixture models will be addressed. Secondly, signal intensive behavioral phenotypes are proliferating, e.g. accelerometry, sleep actigraphy, and ecological momentary assessment. Functional data analysis is described as a data analytic technique to extract signal capturing main behavioral features or most relevant for health outcomes. Thirdly, “deep” characterization is under hot pursuit—whether by single- or multi-‘omics studies, or by multi-modal phenotyping as is increasingly common in the study of cognition. Techniques to accomplish this replicably are discussed. Throughout, potential pitfalls and implications for gerontologic data science development are identified.

Menace to Empire: Anticolonial Solidarities and the Transpacific Origins of the US Security State by Moon-Ho Jung

<i>Menace to Empire: Anticolonial Solidarities and the Transpacific Origins of the US Security State</i> by Moon-Ho Jung

Effect of Carrier Gas on Sensitivity of Surface Acoustic Wave Detector

Enhancement of sensitivity is a hot pursuit for every kind of sensor/detector. While many methods are exploited for various sensors/detectors for this, the methods are specific in nature for the technology involved. This article discusses a novel study where enhancement of sensitivity, specific to a Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) device used as a Gas Chromatographic (GC) detector is achieved by using a proper carrier gas. With an ultimate aim of implementing the outcome on SAW-GC based, handheld, Chemical Warfare Agent (CWA) Electronic-Nose vapour detector being developed at our laboratory, four different carrier gases i.e. Hydrogen, Helium, Nitrogen and Zero air were subjected to the scrutiny for its impact on sensitivity. Detection of a CWA simulant, 2-Chloro-Ethyl-Ethyl-Sulfide (CEES), 1,5-Dichloropentane (DCP) simulating Sulphur Mustard (H Agent), Di-methylmethyl phosphonate (DMMP), Diethyl cyanophosphonate (DECP), Triethyl pohosphate (TEP) simulating G-Agents along with three Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) i.e. Methanol, Toluene and Xylene were carried out in the study. A fast-GC with 70 seconds chromatogram, with appropriate GC parameters is used for the study in order to cater for the handheld battery operated rapid detector. A spread of more than two times in sensitivity could be seen while using common GC carrier gases in the range of concentration (200-2000ppm) studied. By virtue of GC with SAW detector, excellent selectivity, repeatability, and long term stability is achieved. A detailed discussion on the reasons for the same is presented.

Cyanobacteria in hot pursuit: Characterization of cyanobacteria strains, including novel taxa, isolated from geothermal habitats from different ecoregions of the world

Well-studied thermal spring microbial mat systems continue to serve as excellent models from which to make discoveries of general importance to microbial community ecology in order to address comprehensively the question of “who is there” in a microbial community. Cyanobacteria are highly adaptable and an integral part of many ecosystems including thermal springs. In this context, we sampled disparate thermal springs, spanning from Iceland and Poland to Greece and Tajikistan. Thirteen (13) strains were isolated and characterised with taxonomic indices and molecular markers (16S-23S rRNA region and cpcBA gene), whilst their thermotolerance was evaluated. Screening for the presence of genes encoding three heat shock proteins, as well as non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) and polyketide synthases (PKSs) was performed. This approach resulted in the description of two new genera (Hillbrichtia and Amphirytos) and their type species (Hillbrichtia pamiria and Amphirytos necridicus) representing Oscillatoriales and Synechococcales orders, respectively. We also found unique lineages inside the genus Thermoleptolyngbya, describing a novel species (T. hindakiae). We described the presence of sub-cosmopolitan taxa (such as Calothrix, Desertifilum, and Trichormus). Strains were diverse concerning their thermophilic ability with the strains well adapted to high temperatures possessing all three investigated genes encoding heat shock proteins as well as studied PKS and NRPS genes. In this work, we show novel cyanobacteria diversity from thermal springs from disparate environments, possible correlation of thermotolerance and their genetic background, which may have implications on strategic focusing of screening programs on underexploited taxa in these habitats.

Ártatlanul elítélve – a móri bankrablás tanulságai

On 9 May 2002, eight people were killed in a bank robbery in Erste Bank’s branch in Mór. The serious crime has put tremendous pressure on the public to find the perpetrators as soon as possible. About a month and a half after the crime had been committed, Ede Kaiser and László Hajdú were arrested on 24 July 2002 – they were reasonably suspected of committing the bank robbery, according to the police. Based on the evidence gathered, they were charged in December 2003 and convicted a year later. In 2007, however, new evidence emerged, the weapons used in the crime were found and led to the real perpetrators. The innocent convict was acquitted in November 2009 in a retrial. The study shows what factors may have led to the wrong judgment. Thus, it covers the dangers of hot pursuit and the benefits of raster investigation, which could have identified the real perpetrators much sooner.

Analyzing satellite images by apply deep learning instance segmentation of agricultural fields

This novel research focuses on multi-exposure satellite images of agricultural fields using image analysis and deep learning techniques. The development of image edge smoothening system using CNN is in hot pursuit, with special attention being given to the smoothening of all the edges of image. Given its high propensity to meta-size, going hand in hand with severe decreases in preservation rates, and the high inter-edge variability in image appearance, as well as a strong requirement on the training of the physician properly de-noising an image can be considered a daunting task. The purpose of this advance research is to use a deep learning and image analysis pipeline for multi-exposure satellite image for the segmentation of edges in an image using with hybrid techniques in deep learning and imaging. The literature review of different papers was conducted with different imaging model architectures. The CNN custom model was created for the task, and deep learning technique (CNN) was used with different levels of fine tuning of hybrid satellite image analysis techniques. Screening for high edge filter to identify edges at high accuracy has been under debate. The custom deep learning model architectures were designed to represent different depths. Additionally, deep learning CNN model was created to represent traditional automated image analysis approach. The study also attempts to find solutions to practical deep learning challenges such as low training speed and lack of transparency with an accuracy of 98.17% absolutely.

Hot pursuit.

Daniel Kastner’s genetic sleuthing has helped explain—and treat—unusual disorders marked by fever and inflammation

Company PAX galloped in hot pursuit Cheater Guo who was in plain sight would have no way to go

Company PAX galloped in hot pursuit Cheater Guo who was in plain sight would have no way to go

High thermoelectric figure of merit of quantum dot array quantum wires

How to design silicon-based quantum wires with a figure of merit (ZT) larger than three is under hot pursuit due to the advantage of low cost and the availability of matured fabrication techniques. Quantum wires consisting of finite three-dimensional quantum dot (QD) arrays (QDAs) coupled to electrodes are proposed to realize high efficient thermoelectric devices with optimized power factors. The transmission coefficient of 3D QDAs can exhibit 3D, 2D, 1D and 0D topological distribution functions by tailoring the interdot coupling strengths. Such topological effects on the thermoelectric properties are revealed. The 1D topological distribution function shows the maximum power factor and the best ZT value. We have demonstrated that 3D silicon QDA nanowires with diameters below 20 nm and length 250 nm show high potential to achieve ZT ≥ 3 near room temperature.

Decolonizing Cultural Probes in Ethnographic Research: Perspective of African Scholars

The epistemological positioning that frequently validates the application of cultural probes in eliciting detailed exploration of phenomenon has not been sufficiently interrogated. Yet the epistemological assumptions behind the value of cultural probes continue to be drummed up and foisted on Africa’s emerging ethnographic researchers who actually need to be a bit more critical in its adoption and application. This conceptual paper explores the extant literature on data collection based essentially on cultural probes as espoused in habitus. It is proposed that profound amounts of decolonization of the spirit, content, and process of data gathering is urgent and critical at this stage. Until this is done objectively, African ethnographic researchers should “look at the gift horse in the mouth” before they can properly configure what is right or wrong for the people of Africa who should be in the hot pursuit of the ownership, production and utilization of relevant and sacrosanct knowledge aimed at rapid socio-economic and political development of the continent.