Hot NaOH Research Articles

Errors in the field reconstruction using CR-39 proton radiographs with high fluence variation.

CR-39 proton radiography is an experimental charged-particle backlighter platform fielded and used at OMEGA and the NIF to image electric and magnetic fields in a subject plasma. Processing a piece of CR-39 involves etching it in hot NaOH, and the etch time can greatly impact the background-to-signal ratio (BSR) in low-fluence (≲4 × 104cm-2) regions and detection efficiency in high-fluence regions (≳7 × 105cm-2). For CR-39 data with high fluence variation, these effects mean that any single etch time will result in ≳15% error in the measured signal in either the high- or low-fluence regions. This study aims to quantify the impact of the etch time on the BSR and efficiency losses and how these affect the field reconstruction. Experiments at the MIT Linear Electrostatic Ion Accelerator provided empirical values of the BSR and efficiency losses as a function of the fluence and etch time for fluences ranging from 3 × 103 to 7 × 105cm-2. Synthetic radiographs were generated with known fields and modulated based on empirical values of BSR and efficiency losses. The fields were reconstructed using a Monge-Ampère code with the modulated radiographs as input. The results indicate that combining short and long etches allows for more accurate analysis of radiographs with high fluence variation, with the mean squared error of the reconstructed fields decreasing by factors of 1.2-7 compared to the reconstructions using only one etch time.

Preparation and structural characteristics of polysaccharides from loquat peel waste, and their preliminary bioactivities.

Loquat peel, often as food waste, is a valuable source of bioactive polysaccharides. However, study of such polysaccharides is insufficient, leaving a significant gap in understanding their preparation, structure and bioactivities. In this study, three types of loquat peel polysaccharides (LPWP, LPHP and LPNP) were sequentially extracted using hot water, HCl and NaOH solutions, respectively. Among them, LPWP was the purest, with a yield of 3.4% and molecular weight of 470.6 kDa, and it differed from LPHP and LPNP in structure, as evidenced by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, which demonstrated that LPWP consisted of more arabinose (Ara) but less galacturonic acid, rhamnose and galactose, with molar percentages of 71.3%, 23.3%, 3.5% and 1.9%, respectively. Besides, LPWP also exhibited superior antioxidant and antihyperglycemic activities in vitro, particularly in inhibiting α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Methylation and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis confirmed that LPWP was a methyl-esterified pectic polysaccharide rich in branched arabinan, as evidenced by the notable proportion of α-Ara residues, including T-α-Araf, 1,5-α-Araf and 1,2,3,5-α-Araf, with molar percentages of 27.1%, 23.1% and 10.2%, respectively. AFM imaging further revealed its branched-chain morphology and aggregation behavior. This study highlights the potential of loquat peel polysaccharides as a bioactive ingredient with significant antioxidant and antihyperglycemic properties, particularly LPWP, which was found as a methyl-esterified pectic polysaccharide with abundant-branched arabinan. Our work provides valuable insights into the application of loquat peel polysaccharides in functional foods. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Tuning polar discrimination between side chains to improve the performance of anion exchange membranes

Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) are the heart of alkaline fuel cells and water electrolysis, and have made a great progress in recent years. However, AEMs are still unable to satisfy the needs of high conductivity and stability, hindering their widespread commercialization. Side chain regulations have been widely used to prepare highly conductive and durable AEMs. Here, we construct a series of polyaromatic AEMs grafted with fluorinated cation side chains and cation-free alkyl chains with different end groups to explore the polar discrimination of side chains on membrane performance. This work demonstrates that AEMs grafting the cation side chains with superhydrophobic fluorine pendent and alkyl side chains with hydrophilic pendent enhance water content and ion conductivity. This is due to the strong immiscibility between the hydrophilic and hydrophobic head groups which promotes the establishments of microphase separation and ion highways. Specifically, poly(binaphthyl-co-terphenyl piperidinium) containing fluorinated piperidinium side chains and alkyl chains with methoxy pendent (QBNTP-QFM) possesses a satisficed OH− conductivity (170.6 mS cm−1 at 80 °C) and can tolerate 5 M hot NaOH for 2100 h with only 3.4 % conductivity loss. Expectedly, the single cell with QBNTP-QFM yields a prominent maximum power density of 1.62 W cm−2 and the water electrolysis cell with QBNTP-QFM achieves a pronounced current density of 3.0 A cm−2 at 1.8 V, both cells also display a prominent durability for 120 h operation. The results prove that this side chain optimization can improve ion conductivity and is a promising method for AEM development.

Sea urchin-like nitrogen doped hierarchically carbon materials derived from bimetallic-MOF for fast and efficient hydrogen production of formic acid

Formic acid (FA) exists in chemical industrial waste water and has practical potential for renewable hydrogen production by FA dehydrogenation (FAD) for application in fuel cells. In this work, we employed a bimetallic-based MOF Al/Co-BTC (1,3, 5-trimeric acid) as precursor to fabricate a sea urchin-like spherical nitrogen-doped superstructure (V-NCR) with carbon nanorods (CNRs). The carbon material was activated in hot NaOH solution and then loaded with Pd nanoparticles for FAD. As a result, Pd@V-NCRB-800 exhibits a remarkable catalytic activity: the turnover frequency (TOF) value up to 20578 h−1 at 333 K with the 100 % H2 selectivity and excellent cyclic stability, which attributes to the numerous chemical contact sites provided by carbon materials, CNRs, and the modifying electronic interaction of N and Co species.

Phosphate removal by low-cost industrial byproduct iron shavings: Efficacy and longevity

Iron shavings (IS) are low-cost industrial byproducts that show great potential in removing phosphorus (P) from contaminated water. This work investigates the effectiveness of IS for P (PO4-P) removal and emphasizes its pretreatment and longevity. A 4-d pretreatment of IS with 2.5 % NaCl resulted in a significant increase in P adsorption capacity, from approximately 1.0 to 2.5 mg/g. In column tests, the P removal efficiency remained above 60 % over 60 d, with a capacity of 4.1 mg P/g. Longevity tests involved seven adsorption-regeneration cycles, with an effective IS regeneration by 1 N NaOH and neutralization by HCl solution (pH=2), and the P adsorption capacity only slightly decreased from 2.14 to 1.75 mg P/g. To significantly improve the IS regeneration operation, we employed induction heating and compared an intermittent 10-s induction heating with an isothermal hot NaOH (85 ℃) treatment in 10-min desorption tests (95.3 % versus 56.6 % regeneration). We further found that IH completely regenerated IS in 5 min with 100 s of IH application, but 30 min were needed for hot NaOH (85 ℃) treatment. SEM/EDX, XRD, and XPS tests were conducted to track the changes in the morphology, crystallinity, and surface oxidation products of IS in the cycle tests. Notably, IS surface changed from coarse to smooth with fewer reactive sites and a higher conversion of amorphous Fe oxides to more crystalline Fe3O4, resulting in lower reactivity and fewer exposed Fe0 sites over multiple cycles. All of these mechanisms contributed to the deterioration in P removal capacity. Overall, this study provides a solid foundation for applying low-cost IS in effectively removing P from agricultural runoff.

Integrated biorefinery for production of biodegradable film, bioethanol, and soda pulp from corn stalks

In traditional pulping, black liquor is burned in an alkali recovery system to produce energy. According to the integrated forest biorefinery (IFBR) concept, hemicellulose is partially pre-extracted prior to pulp production to generate value-added products. Corn stalks have a remarkable carbohydrate content (75% w/w), and thus were examined in this study in terms of the IFBR concept. The hemicelluloses were pre-extracted with hot water (90, 120, 135, and 150 °C), NaOH, and NaOH + NaBH4 (50, 70, and 90 °C) for 4 h. NaOH charges of 16.7, 26.7, and 33.3% were explored. The extracts were utilized to produce bioethanol and biodegradable films, and papermaking pulps were produced from the solid fractions. Differences among groups were identified via analysis of variance, and the Duncan’s test was applied to determine those differences that were significant. The results showed that the alkaline pre-extraction (26.7% NaOH at 50 °C) removed 35.6% of the xylose from the stalk structure. The liquid fraction collected from the hot water pre-extraction at 150 °C gave a 14.7% (g/100 g soluble material) yield of bioethanol. Moreover, the theoretical ethanol yield was calculated as 89.4%. The addition of gluten and nanocellulose to the xylan enabled the production of high-quality biodegradable films. Furthermore, the pulps produced from the hot water pre-extracted solid fractions were comparable in yield and pulp properties to the control soda pulp.

Modification of Purun Tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) Long Fiber with Potential as Composite Reinforcement Material

The choice of natural fiber purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) as a composite reinforcement material is related to its benefits, such as low price, abundant quantity, renewable, and environmentally friendly. In this research, the effect of alkalizing treatment and hot water immersion on the properties of purun tikus fiber were investigated. The long fiber of purun tikus measuring 20 cm and diameter < 0.064 cm was modified with 120°C hot water immersion and 5% NaOH immersion for 1 hour each. These treatments were applied to improve the properties of purun tikus fiber, such as their properties of chemical (moisture, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose), physical (density), and mechanical (tensile strength). The results showed a decrease in the water content, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose of purun tikus fiber, while the density and tensile strength increased after the treatment of 120°C hot water immersion and NaOH 5% alkalization. The NaOH 5% alkaline treatment was better than 120°C hot water immersion in terms of reducing water content, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Although the tensile strength of the modified NaOH 5% NaOH purun tikus fibers is lower than the 120°C hot water immersion treatment, it was still higher than before the modification. It is shown that these fibers blend well in the manufacture of composite materials and improve their mechanical properties.

An Experimental Study on the Hot Alkali Extraction of Xylan-Based Hemicelluloses from Wheat Straw and Corn Stalks and Optimization Methods.

In this paper, we describe an experimental study on the hot alkali extraction of hemicelluloses from wheat straw and corn stalks, two of the most common lignocellulosic biomass constituents in Romania. The chemical compositions of the raw materials were determined analytically, and the relevant chemical components were cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and ash. Using the response surface methodology, the optimum values of the hot alkaline extraction parameters, i.e., time, temperature, and NaOH concentration, were identified and experimentally validated. The physicochemical characterization of the isolated hemicelluloses was performed using HPLC, FTIR, TG, DTG, and 1H-NMR spectroscopy. The main hemicellulose components identified experimentally were xylan, arabinan, and glucan. The study emphasizes that both corn stalks and wheat straw are suitable as raw materials for hemicellulose extraction, highlighting the advantages of alkaline pretreatments and showing that optimization methods can further improve the process efficiency.

A highly selective fluorescent sensor for manganese(II) ion detection based on N,S-doped carbon dots triggered by manganese oxide

A highly selective, carbon dots (CDs)-based fluorescent sensor for manganese(II) ions (Mn2+) was proposed. The synthesis of N,S-doped CDs (N,S-CDs) involved simple pyrolysis of a mixture of lactose and l-cysteine in a hot NaOH solution. The as-synthesized codoped CDs exhibited a weak fluorescent emission peak at 510 nm when excited at 430 nm. In the presence of Mn2+, the intensity of the fluorescence signals was effectively increased with a small redshift in the spectrum. Thus, by tracing the degree of fluorescence enhancement, the material could be used as a selective probe for Mn2+ detection. The possible sensing mechanism was based on the oxidation of the N,S-CDs by MnO2, which was generated from mixing Mn2+ with NaOH in the N,S-CDs-containing medium. A linear relationship was established between the extent of the increase in fluorescence and the increasing Mn2+ concentration from 0 to 5.0 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.12 μM. Remarkably, even in the presence of other cations, the developed sensor remained highly selective toward Mn2+. The feasibility of our developed sensor in real applications was confirmed with environmental samples, showing excellent accuracy and precision.

In-situ nitrogen and Cr2O3 co-doped MOF-derived porous carbon supported palladium nanoparticles: A highly effective catalyst towards formic acid dehydrogenation

Fast and high selective dehydrogenation of formic acid (FA) is regarded as one of the most promising pathways to obtain the clean energy carrier: hydrogen. In this work, a nitrogen and Cr2O3 co-doped hierarchical carbon material has been successfully synthesized by in-situ pyrolysis of NH2-MIL-101(Cr) in one step, followed by boiling in hot NaOH solution for surface etching. The activated carbon material is used to anchor the ultrafine Pd nanoparticles (2.18 nm) for formic acid dehydrogenation (FAD). As a result, the 5 wt% Pd@Cr2O3-NPCB-850 exhibits an excellent catalytic activity towards FAD: the turnover frequency (TOF) value is as high as 11 241 h−1 at 333 K, and the selectivity of H2 is up to 100%. The excellent catalytic performance is mainly attributed to the existence of N species and Cr2O3, which plays an important role of electron transfer and anti-aggregation. Our studies open a new methodology for convenient and fast syntheses of nitrogen and metal oxide co-doped activated carbon material, which also provides potential access for producing more highly effective catalysts for other catalytic reactions.

Design and Fabrication of Small-Scale Potato Peeling Machine with Lye Method

Peeling or removing the skin is one of the main post-harvest processes in fruits and vegetables. At present, most of the peeling of fruits and vegetables is done manually using sharp objects / knives. This method of peeling causes more fruit flesh to be wasted, especially fruits / vegetables with thin skins. Therefore, the design of a machine that can peel thin-skinned fruits / vegetables using the lye peeling method is needed. The purpose of this study was to design and fabrication a machine that can peel fruits and vegetables after the pre-treatment process of soaking in hot NaOH. The way this machine works is by spraying pressurized water on the fruit soaked in hot NaOH solution. In this study, the object was potatoes. Control of water pressure coming out of the nozzle is done using the pulse width modulation (PWM) method with a potentiometer. The treatments were carried out using three duty cycle values with the analogue input setting value on the microcontroller which resulted in three variations of water pressure coming out of the nozzle, namely: 60% (4.2038 Pa); 80% (5.6051 Pa); and 100% (7, 0065 Pa). Respectively for low, medium and high levels. Treatment concentrations of NaOH were 9%, 11% and 13%. The results obtained were the percentage of perfectly peeled skin close to 100% was obtained at 11% NaOH with a duty cycle value of 60% and 80%; and 13% NaOH with a duty cycle value of 80%. The calculation of the smallest percentage weight loss is 14.96% at 9% NaOH duty cycle 100% and the highest percentage weight loss is 35.89% at 13% NaOH 80% duty cycle.

A redetermination of the structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of poly[di-aquadi-μ-hydroxido-tetra-kis-(μ-nicotinato N-oxide)tricopper(II)

The product obtained from the reaction of pyridine-2,3-di-carb-oxy-lic acid and hydrated copper(II) chloride in hot aqueous NaOH solution was determined by low temperature X-ray diffraction to be [Cu3(C6H4NO3)4(OH)2(H2O)2] n or [Cu3(μ-OH)2(μ-nicNO)4(H2O)2] n (nicNO is pyridine-3-carboxyl-ate N-oxide), a structure obtained from room temperature data and reported previously. The present determination is improved in quality and treatment of the H atoms. A Hirshfeld surface analysis of the inter-molecular inter-actions is presented.

Ion association in hydrothermal aqueous NaCl solutions: implications for the microscopic structure of supercritical water.

Knowledge of the microscopic structure of fluids and changes thereof with pressure and temperature is important for the understanding of chemistry and geochemical processes. In this work we investigate the influence of sodium chloride on the hydrogen-bond network in aqueous solution up to supercritical conditions. A combination of in situ X-ray Raman scattering and ab initio molecular dynamics simulations is used to probe the oxygen K-edge of the alkali halide aqueous solution in order to obtain unique information about the oxygen's local coordination around the ions, e.g. solvation-shell structure and the influence of ion pairing. The measured spectra exhibit systematic temperature dependent changes, which are entirely reproduced by calculations on the basis of structural snapshots obtained via ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. Analysis of the simulated trajectories allowed us to extract detailed structural information. This combined analysis reveals a net destabilizing effect of the dissolved ions which is reduced with rising temperature. The observed increased formation of contact ion pairs and occurrence of larger polyatomic clusters at higher temperatures can be identified as a driving force behind the increasing structural similarity between the salt solution and pure water at elevated temperatures and pressures with drawback on the role of hydrogen bonding in the hot fluid. We discuss our findings in view of recent results on hot NaOH and HCl aqueous fluids and emphasize the importance of ion pairing in the interpretation of the microscopic structure of water.

Cement boards reinforced with wood sawdust: an option for sustainable construction

Ochroma pyramidale is a fast-growing forest species with low-density wood. The present study had the goal to assess the effect of extractive removal on the performance of the species for producing wood-cement boards (WCB). Wood particles were submitted to three types of treatment for extractives removal: cold water, hot water and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). An entirely randomized design with four treatments was established, respectively, T1—control treatment, T2—cold water, T3—hot water and T4—NaOH, with 4 replicates (boards) per experimental treatment, to assess the effect of extractives removal on the boards’ physical and mechanical properties. Wood/cement ratio = 1:5, water/cement ratio = 1:2 and 4% CaCl2 as additive based on dry mass of cement were used. The following WCB properties were evaluated: density, compaction ratio; water absorption and thickness swelling after 2, 24 and 72 h of water immersion; and mechanical strength during static bending (moduli of elasticity and rupture). The results showed there was no need for wood particle treatment, since no improvement of the boards’ physical–mechanical properties was achieved by previous application of cold or hot water or NaOH on the particles. Water absorption and thickness swelling were lower than the levels reported in the literature and minimum values specified by WCB factories. Despite having weaker mechanical properties than those required for structural uses, wood from Ochroma pyramidale can be employed in the production of boards designed for use in moist environments but not having structural importance, such as for partitions, walls, tile flooring and exterior siding.

Regenerating performance of glass fibre recycled from wind turbine blade

The value of recycled glass fibres is reduced significantly due to loss in strength and surface functionality during recycling. This work investigates the potential of a variety of treatments to regenerate the strength and surface functionality of glass fibres recycled from retired wind turbine blades using an in-house developed fluidised bed process. It was found that soaking in hot NaOH solution could provide approximately a 130% increase in the tensile strength of recycled glass fibre; concluding that changes to surface morphology due to etching was the re-strengthening mechanism. The interfacial adhesion between recycled glass fibre and polypropylene was also examined. A significant reduction in interfacial shear strength was observed after recycling which is attributed to the loss of original sizing after recycling. Regenerating the interfacial shear strength between recycled glass fibre and polypropylene proved challenging with the use of aminopropyltriethoxysilane coupling agent alone, however, a twofold increase in the interfacial shear strength was attained by modifying the polypropylene matrix with maleic anhydride. It was found that NaOH and silane treatments restored the interfacial shear strength between interfacial shear strength and epoxy to that obtained with as received glass fibres. This work shows that substantial improvements in recycled glass fibre strength and fibre-polymer adhesion can be achieved after utilising various regeneration treatments, in turn producing recycled glass fibres with significantly enhanced reinforcement potential.

A one-step polymer screen-printing method for fabrication of microfluidic cloth-based analytical devices

We report the first use of a one-step polymer screen-printing method for fabrication of microfluidic cloth-based analytical devices (µCADs). The method involves a simple, low-cost and one-step fabrication process and requires only polystyrene and a patterned screen. Firstly, polystyrene solution is poured through the patterned screen and allowed to penetrate through the cotton fabrics to create a three-dimensional hydrophobic barrier which defined the test zones. Different types of cotton fabric and polystyrene concentrations were first investigated. By adjusting polystyrene concentration, various types of cotton cloth can be successfully fabricated. Under optimal condition, the smallest hydrophilic channel and hydrophobic barrier that the fabrication method can provide were 678 ± 59 µm and 329 ± 27 µm, respectively. High device-to-device repeatability was achieved with a relative standard deviation (%RSD) in the range of 1.10–2.03% (n = 64) obtained from the measured diameter of the circular-shaped fabricated test zones with a designed diameter of 5 and 7 mm. The cloth treatments using hot water, Na2CO3 and NaOH solutions were found to affect the wicking ability of the cloths where the highest wicking rate was found in the Na2CO3 treated-cloth followed by NaOH, hot water treated-cloths and untreated-cloth. To demonstrate the significance of the fabricated µCAD, the analysis of glucose and albumin in control human serum was carried out. The results showed no significant difference at 95% confident intervals of the glucose and albumin levels obtained from the µCAD analysis and the certified values verifying that the polymer-screen printing method can be alternatively used as a method for µCAD fabrication.

HMDSO-Based Thin Plasma Polymers as Corrosion Barrier Against NaOH Solution

HMDSO-based films with excellent corrosion barrier properties against strong alkaline solutions were deposited on chemically non-resistant SiOx barrier coatings, which were previously applied on polished gold-coated Si-Wafers and PET films for coating analysis. The plasma process parameters are seen to have a strong influence on the achievable corrosion barrier properties of the plasma polymers. Coatings, which were applied in a pulsed microwave plasma with low mean power input, exhibit a substantially higher resistance against NaOH aqueous solution in electrochemical tests than those applied in higher energy plasmas. An analysis of the coatings revealed that the great difference in chemical resistivity of the investigated coatings can be explained by their chemical composition as well as their nano-porosity and surface topography. XPS measurements indicate that a higher organic content in the films contributes to their chemical resistivity. FTIR measurements showed that an ordered Si-O-Si network with methyl groups, which promote steric shielding, lead to superior corrosion resistance. Furthermore, a correlation of protective performance and nano-porosity was found in cyclic voltammetry measurements. Coatings with good corrosion protection proved to be initially pore free and even after 30 min of exposure to NaOH, an open pore surface of only 2% can be measured. Finally, measurements of the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of coated PET substrates showed that the barrier of a coating system comprising a non-resistant barrier layer and a protective top coat can withstand up to at least 90 min of exposure to hot NaOH solution without significant loss in barrier performance. After this, the barrier of the system is gradually reduced. To slow down this reduction process, a multilayer approach proved to be effective.

Conversion of liquid hot water, acid and alkali pretreated industrial hemp biomasses to bioethanol

In this work, four varieties of hemp biomasses (Helena, SS Beta, Tygra, and Elleta Campana) pretreated with liquid hot water (LHW), H2SO4, and NaOH were investigated for ethanol production. Physicochemical and morphological properties of the pretreated hemp biomass were characterized. LHW achieved high glucan (85–98%) and xylan (67–71%) recoveries. H2SO4 induced significant glucan decomposition (5.9–10.6 g/L) and inhibitor formation (4.5–7.4 g/L of HMF and 2.8–4.5 g/L of furfural) in resulting slurries. Both LHW and H2SO4 pretreatments resulted in low glucose and ethanol yields due to recondensed lignin units. NaOH pretreatment achieved high glucose and ethanol yields due to efficient lignin removal (58.6–75.3%). There was no significant variation in ethanol yield among the four hemp varieties pretreated by NaOH. H2SO4 and NaOH pretreated biomasses showed apparent terraced-field structures and microporous protuberances. Changes in crystallinity indexes and intensities of FTIR peaks were consistent with enhanced cellulose and decreased amorphous hemicellulose.

Performance of ZnO/chitosan nanocomposite films for antimicrobial packaging applications as a function of NaOH treatment and glycerol/PVOH blending

Abstract The current study investigates the performance of chitosan-based ZnO nanocomposite films for antimicrobial packaging applications. ZnO nanoparticles are fabricated from zinc acetate solutions and added in plain chitosan and chitosan/glycerol-, chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol)- blends at 3, 5 and 7 wt. %. Characteristic diffraction peaks at 31.6°, 34.3° and 36.2° confirm the successful formation and growth of ZnO nanoparticles in chitosan-based films after their immersion in hot NaOH solution. Poly(vinyl alcohol) supports the growth of ZnO in chitosan chains and results in higher strain at break and increased barrier. The antimicrobial activity of the nanocomposite films is high against Brevibacterium lactofermentum, moderate against Escherichia coli and almost absent against Corynobacterium glutamicum. Positive synergies between chitosan-based matrices and ZnO nanoparticles are not however established in terms of antimicrobial properties due to the immersion of the films in NaOH solution which lowers the polycationic character and the solubility of chitosan.

Adsorption behaviour and mechanism of the PFOS substitute OBS (sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate) on activated carbon.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was listed as a persistent organic pollutant by the Stockholm Convention. As a typical alternative to PFOS, sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (OBS) has recently been detected in the aquatic environment which has caused great concern. For the first time, the adsorption behaviour and mechanism of OBS on activated carbon (AC) with different physical and chemical properties were investigated. Decreasing the particle size of AC can accelerate its adsorption for OBS, while AC with too small particle size was not conducive to its adsorption capacity due to the destruction of its pore structure during the mechanical crushing process. Intra-particle diffusion had a lesser effect on the adsorption rate of AC with smaller particle size, higher hydrophilicity and larger pore size. Reactivation of AC by KOH can greatly enlarge their pore size and surface area, greatly increasing their adsorption capacities. The adsorption capacity of two kinds of R-GAC exceeded 0.35 mmol g−1, significantly higher than that of other ACs. However, increasing the hydrophilicity of AC would decrease their adsorption capacities. Further investigation indicated that a larger pore size and smaller particle size can greatly enhance the adsorptive removal of OBS on AC in systems with other coexisting PFASs and organic matter due to the reduction of the pore-blocking effect. The spent AC can be successfully regenerated by methanol, and it can be partly regenerated by hot water and NaOH solution. The percentage of regeneration for the spent AC was 70.4% with 90°C water temperature and up to 95% when 5% NaOH was added into the regeneration solution. These findings are very important for developing efficient adsorbents for the removal of these newly emerging PFASs from wastewater and understanding their interfacial behaviour.