Refractories are ceramic materials, made from clay minerals that have high melting point inorganic oxides, generally used as internal lining of alumina calciners because they can withstand many types of wear mechanisms when subjected to high temperatures, such as mechanical and thermal stresses. However, several aspects can compromise the integrity of this material, which in turn can lead to unexpected and emergency equipment shutdowns, affecting the production and maintenance costs of refineries. Therefore, this work proposes the implementation of a new testing methodology that seeks to compare the properties specified by the manufacturers in the technical data sheets (FDT) with the properties of the material received, and consequently improve the quality control. Thus, characterization tests were carried out for four dense refractory castable installed in an alumina calciner. The samples were subjected to two types of tests in order to evaluate the properties and performance of the material received and applied. In the receiving test, the tests performed were as follows: liquid absorption, porosity and apparent density (110°C); erosion resistance (after firing at 1000 °C for 5 hours, as well as the others tests followed by their respective temperatures); and permanent linear change (1000°C). As for the installation test, the tests considered were: erosion resistance (1250°C); permanent linear change (1250°C); thermal shock resistance (1250°C); hot modulus of rupture (1250°C); and refractoriness under load (1600 °C). After analyzing the results, a deviation was found in relation to the analyzed properties - such as mechanical strength and refractoriness -, as they presented values below those specified by the suppliers in their technical data sheets. Thus, the importance of receiving and monitoring tests as efficient tools in the quality control of the refractory used is evident, based on the need to specify materials that meet operational conditions and/or project requirements, with a focus on performance, safety and operational availability (production).