Hot Carcass Yield Research Articles

Yozgat İli Halk Elinde Yetiştirilen Beyaz ve Alaca Kazların Kesim ve Karkas Özellikleri

The aim of this study is to determine the slaughter and carcass traits of White and Multicolor Geese varieties reared in Yozgat province. 5 female and 5 male geese at six months old age from each variety were slaughtered and their slaughter and carcass traits were presented. Also, phenotypic correlations between carcass traits were calculated. The differences between the slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weight, feather, head and foot weights of varieties were found insignificant, while male geese had higher values in terms of these traits. There were no significant differences between varieties and sexes in terms of hot and cold carcass yields and head ratio. Feather and foot ratios were found higher in White geese; whereas, abdominal fat ratio was found higher in Multicolor geese. There were insignificant differences between varieties in terms of carcass part weights, except back weight which was found higher in males. While heart weights of male geese were significantly higher, differences between varieties and sexes in terms of liver and gizzard weight were found insignificant. There were insignificant differences between the carcass parts and edible inner organ ratios of varieties, but breast ratio of females was found higher, while back ratio of males were found higher. Phenotypic correlation coefficients between slaughter weights, carcass weights and hot-cold carcass yields were found significant. Obtained data showed that native geese in the region are suitable for meat production in terms of slaughter and carcass traits.

Carcass and meet characteristics of very young Angus x Nelore steers in the Agreste Potiguar region

This work aimed to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the carcass and meat of very young steers, ½ Red Angus x Nelore (NEL) and ¾ Red Angus x Nelore (RED). Fifty males were used, 25 from each genetic group, fed in feedlots from weaning (7 months) until reaching the age for slaughter (15 months). A difference was observed between the genetic groups for gains at weaning (158.57 kg NEL and 181.60 kg RED) but the weight at slaughter showed no statistical differences (412.33 kg NEL and 426.53 kg RED). Cold and hot carcass yield was not affected by the genetic group, with NEL bovines showing a yield of 50.49% and 52.55% and the RED of 50.91% and 52.89% respectively. The percentage of muscle (55% NEL and 53% RED), fat (26% NEL and 27% RED), bone (18% NEL and 18% RED), and thickness of subcutaneous fat (4.1 mm NEL and 4.0 mm RED) were similar for both genetic groups. The ¾ Angus x Nelore animals showed a higher loss when thawing (9.05%). There was no difference in such sensory characteristics as overall impression, tenderness, juiciness and shear force in the evaluated genotypes. The genetic groups showed a similarity of characteristics for meat as well as carcass.

EFECTO DEL DESPERDICIO DE COMEDOR Y COCINA EN EL DESEMPEÑO PRODUCTIVO DE CERDOS EN CRECIMIENTO

<p>This research used 41 growing backyard piglets (11.47 ± 1.2 kg BW) fed for 22 d and assigned at random to three treatment (T) groups, respectively (T1 to T3) with three repetitions. The proportion of commercial concentrate (CC) to kitchen waste (DW) was: T1, 100:0; T2, 50:50 and T3, 0:100. Diets contained: T1, 17.3, 13.6 and 16.3% CP and 3,321, 3,526 and 4,011 McCall/kg of ME, respectively. Weight gain, carcass characteristics, minerals and metabolites in blood serum were evaluated. The weight gain, slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weight, hot and cold carcass yield, rib eye area and back fat thickness were not affected by DW (P> 0.05). The cuts of leg shoulder and rib were not affected by treatment (P> 0.05) for dry matter, ash and crude protein content. The increase in DW reduced ether extract content of leg and rib (P <0.05) but not in shoulder (P> 0.05). The concentration of Ca decreased with DW inclusion (P <0.05). No treatment effect was observed in blood metabolites (P> 0.05). It is concluded that feeding with DW the backyard growing pig do not affect growth performance or quality of meat.</p>

Light emitting diode (LED) use in artificial lighting for broiler chicken production

Light emitting diode (LED) has been used in commercial poultry industry by presenting superior energy savings and providing feasibility on production process. The objective of this research was to evaluate performance and carcass yield of broiler chickens exposed to different LED colors compared with fluorescent lamps. For that, two experiments (E1 and E2) were performed and 2,646 Cobb® chickens were used. In experiment E1, male birds were exposed to 20 lux artificial lighting with red, yellow, blue, and white LED bulbs; and fluorescent bulb. In experiment E2, male and female birds were exposed to 15 lux artificial lighting with red and blue LED bulbs; and fluorescent bulb. Cumulative weight gain (kg), feed intake (kg), feed conversion, hot carcass weight (kg), carcass yield (%), and breast and thigh + drumstick yield (%) were used as response variables. Results showed no difference (p > 0.05) among treatments for performance, carcass yield, and cut yield in experiment E1. In experiment E2 there was only difference between genders (p < 0.05) and males showed higher total weight gain, feed intake, hot carcass weight and thigh + drumstick yield. Different LED color use had same effect as fluorescent lights on broiler performance and carcass yield.

Effects of detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal in finishing pig diets on their performance, carcass traits, meat quality and intoxication

Jatropha meal, produced as co-product of biodiesel production process, can be used in animal diets as a feedstuff. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of increasing dietary levels (0%, 2%, 4%, 6%, and 8%) of detoxified Jatropha curcas kernel meal (DJCM) on performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and intoxication of bioactive molecules, such as the phorbol esters, by hepatic transaminase enzymes in finishing pigs. Sixty hybrid crossbred pigs (70.7±3.3kg body weight, BW) were assigned to 5 treatments with 6 replicate pens per treatment and 1 castrated male and 1 female per pen in a randomize complete block design. Isoenergetic and isoproteic diets and water were provided ad libitum to the pigs during 30-d growth study. At the end of the experimental period, pigs were slaughtered and hot carcass yield weight, carcass length, backfat thickness, loin eye area, and muscle-to-fat ratio were determined. In addition, blood samples were collected for the analysis of hepatic enzymes, and Longissimus dorsi muscle samples were also collected for the measurement of pH, color, and water drip loss. Increasing dietary levels of DJCM reduced (P<0.001) final BW, ADG, ADFI, and carcass length quadratically, and hot carcass weight and backfat thickness linearly (P<0.05). No effects were observed on meat quality with the dietary inclusion of DJCM. Increasing levels of dietary DJCM showed a negative quadratic effect (P<0.05) on aspartate aminotransferase hepatic enzyme without any effects on alanine aminotransferase. In conclusion, the DJCM decreased growth performance and carcass traits because of the presence of bioactive molecules. Further studies are needed to investigate the effect of bioactive molecules present in DJCM and the possibility of removing those bioactive compounds.

Influência do sexo e idade de abate sobre rendimento de carcaça e qualidade da carne de codornas de corte

O trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de se avaliar o efeito de duas idades de abate sobre o rendimento de carcaça e propriedades finais da carne de codornas de corte (Coturnix coturnix). Foram abatidas 40 codornas (machos e fêmeas) aos 35 e aos 42 dias de idade obtendo-se o peso corporal, peso de carcaça quente e resfriada, peso de peito, peso de perna, rendimento de carcaça quente e fria, rendimento de peito, rendimento de pernas, pH inicial e final (24 horas "post mortem", capacidade de retenção de água (CRA), cor (L*, a*, b*), perda de peso por cocção (PPC) e maciez objetiva (força de cisalhamento). Não houve diferença no rendimento de carcaça e cortes entre as idades de abate, entretanto as aves abatidas aos 42 dias de idade apresentaram-se com maior peso corporal. Para os parâmetros da qualidade da carne, observou-se que o pH inicial foi menor para as aves abatidas aos 42 dias de idade. Fêmeas abatidas aos 35 dias de idade apresentaram carne com menor teor de vermelho. Machos apresentaram a carne com pH mais baixo. Dessa forma o abate dos animais aos 42 dias de idade proporcionou melhor desempenho e melhores características de carcaça aos machos.

Substituição parcial do milho por sorgo granífero na alimentação de suínos nas fases de creche, crescimento e terminação

Avaliou-se o efeito da substituição parcial do milho por sorgo granífero na dieta de suínos castrados sobre as características de desempenho, carcaça e avaliação econômica. Foram utilizados 27 machos híbridos, oriundos de linhagem comercial, com 19,66 ± 2,92kg de peso inicial, distribuídos em três tratamentos com porcentagens crescentes de sorgo granífero - 0%, 25% e 50% - em substituição ao milho, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Foram avaliados: ganho diário de peso, consumo diário de ração, conversão alimentar, espessura de toucinho e parâmetros bioquímicos sanguíneos - ureia, proteínas totais, creatinina, glicose, triglicerídeos e colesterol. Para as características de carcaça foram avaliados: peso nas carcaças quente e fria, rendimento nas carcaças quente e fria, pH e temperatura nas carcaças quente e fria e peso de cortes industriais. Para o desempenho econômico foi calculado o custo da ração, custo do kg suíno e índices de custo médio e de eficiência econômica. Foi utilizada análise de regressão para as variáveis produtivas. Não foram encontrados efeitos para o desempenho e características de carcaça. Nas variáveis bioquímicas, foram encontrados efeitos lineares para a ureia e proteínas totais, com os animais com 0% de sorgo apresentando os maiores valores. Quanto ao desempenho econômico, o grupo com 50% de sorgo apresentou o menor índice de custo e o maior de eficiência econômica. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a substituição do milho pelo sorgo granífero em níveis de até 50% da dieta representa uma alternativa sustentável na suinocultura regional.

Características de carcaça de ovinos alimentados com subproduto da goiaba

It was evaluated the carcass characteristics of 40 sheeps of Santa Ines breed, uncastrated, with initial average weight of 17.41 ± 1.27 kg and average age of 120 days and slaughtered with body weight of 32 kg or 105 days of confinement. The animals were placed in individual stalls and fed with diets containing increasing levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 %) of corn replacement by guava agroindustrial by-product. It was used the lineation completely at random with four treatments and ten repetitions. It occurred a diet effect over the weight and the percentage of carcasses and retail cuts. The replacement of 60 % of corn by guava agroindustrial by-product provided smaller hot carcass weight (11.91 kg) and cold carcass (11.81 kg), lower hot carcass yield (42.08 %) and cold carcass weight (41.72 %), lower rib eye area (9.94 cm2), and muscle (0.33 g/cm), and higher content of gastrointestinal tract (7.43 kg). It is estimated that the inclusion of up to 40 % of guava agroindustrial by-product in the diet replacing the corn is relevant to attaining carcasses with characteristics appropriate to the consumer market, especially where this food resource is available.

Influence of trough versus pasture feeding on average daily gain and carcass characteristics in ruminants: A meta-analysis

Quantitative meta-analysis was run on 108 publications featuring 116 experiments and 399 treatments dealing with the effect of trough or pasture feeding environment (FE) on ruminant performances. The objective was to compare the effect of trough or pasture FE on ADG, diet OM digestibility (OMD), various carcass characteristics, and the interaction between FE and complementation modalities. Live weight was adjusted to compare results between species. Results showed that trough-fed animals had higher ADG (+17.89%; P < 0.001), hot carcass yield (HYield; + 2.47%; P < 0.001) and carcass fat content (+ 24.87%; P < 0.001) than pasture-fed animals but lower carcass muscle and bone percentages (-1.60% [P = 0.010] and -7.63% [P = 0.003], respectively). Feeding environment had no effect on diet OMD (P = 0.818), but the number of observations was low. After considering the addition or not of concentrate in the diet (addiCO), FE effect persisted on ADG (P = 0.024) and carcass fat content (P = 0.027) but not on HYield (P = 0.078) or muscle and bone percentages (P = 0.119 and P = 0.581, respectively). After considering the nature of the concentrate (natCO), FE effect persisted on ADG (P < 0.001) and HYield (P = 0.004). Considering the percentage of concentrate in the diet (PCO) erased FE effect on ADG (P = 0.891) and HYield (P = 0.128). In contrast, considering the quantity of concentrate(QCO) erased FE effect on ADG (P = 0.084) but not on HYield (P = 0.006) or on carcass fat and muscle contents (P = 0.040 and P = 0.040, respectively) although the FE effect on carcass bone content persisted (P = 0.550). Animal species and physiological stage had no effect on any of the variables studied (P > 0.05) but experiment did (P ≤ 0.001). The increase in ADG was positively correlated to HYield in cattle (P = 0.002) and small ruminants (P = 0.003) and positively linked to carcass fat content (P = 0.007) but not carcass muscle content, which actually decreased (P = 0.001). Overall, this meta-analysis confirmed previous reports of FE effects and revealed how the differences generally reported result from a confounding effect of FE and nature of the diet. Indeed, in most of the studies used, trough-fed animals were supplemented with concentrate whereas pasture-fed animals were not. This research also highlighted the fact that pasture-fed animals have the potential to achieve the same performances as trough-fed animals when fed a similar diet.

Carcass characteristics of lambs fed diets containing silage of different genotypes of sorghum

Thirty-five feedlot lambs (without defined breed, aged between 5 and 7 months, with average live weight of 17.7±3.7 kg) were used in a completely randomized design to evaluate the effect of diets containing different genotypes of sorghum on morphometric measurements and qualitative characteristics of carcass and yields of primal cuts. The animals stayed in individual indoor pens for 42 days and slaughtered at an average weight of 26.24 kg. No significant differences were observed on morphometric measurements, hot (11.67 kg) and cold (11.39 kg) carcass weight, hot (44.46%) and cold (43.37%) carcass yields, biological yield and on cooling losses. There was also no significant effect of silages of different genotypes of sorghum on the weights and yields of retail cuts (neck, shoulder, rib, loin and leg) and on the subjective evaluation of carcasses. It is possible to finish sheep without defined breed feeding them diets based on silages of sorghum, resulting in carcasses with high yield and good conformation.

Carcass Characteristics and Meat Quality of Thai Inheritance Chickens

Inheritance chickens are important in the developing countries, because of their meat quality. The present study was performed to investigate the effect of genetic background of Baetong, Black-boned, and Praduhangdum chickens. 30 chickens each and 4 replications of the chicken breeds were reared for 14 weeks. 10 chickens of each replication were sampled and analyzed, including carcass characteristics and meat quality as well as Shear’s value, water holding capacity, and color of their meat. No different marketable weight and hot carcass weight was found (P>0.05). Baetong chickens were lower hot carcass yield than Black-boned chickens and Praduhangdum chickens (P<0.05). Conversely, Baetong chickens were higher structural frame than Black-boned chickens and Praduhangdum chickens (P<0.05). Black-boned chickens and Praduhangdum chickens were edible portion, and wing yield than Baetong chickens (P<0.05). Black-boned chickens and Baetong chickens have more leg yield than Praduhangdum chickens (P<0.05). While, Praduhangdum chickens have more breast yield than the other chickens (P<0.05). Black-boned breast meat was more Shear’s force and Shear’s energy than Baetong breast meat and Praduhangdum breast meat (P<0.05). Black-boned breast meat and skin was darken than Baetong and Praduhangdum breast meat and skin (P<0.05). Black-boned breast meat was more drip losses than the others (P<0.05), while being lower cooking losses than the others (P<0.05). At the typical marketable weight, Black-boned chickens and Praduhangdum chickens have better meat quality compared with the carcass from Baetong chickens.

Características de carcaça e qualidade da carne de cordeiros Santa Inês alimentados com torta de girassol em substituição ao farelo de algodão

The objective of this study was to evaluate carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs fed sunflower cake to replace the protein of cottonseed meal. The experiment was conducted at the sheep sector at the Farm School, State University of Londrina. Thirty Santa Ines lambs, intact males, with age and weight at the beginning of the experiment of 80 days and 21.45 ± 2.16 kg, respectively, were used. It was used a completely randomized experimental design. The animals were divided into 5 treatments, with 6 replicates per treatment, according to the amount of protein of cottonseed meal replaced by protein of the sunflower cake (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80% of replacement). Carcasses were evaluated and the Longissimus dorsi was removed for analyzes of shear force, color, pH, marbling, water loss by pressure, sensory analysis, chemical analyses and lipid oxidation. Hot and cold carcass yields showed quadratic distributions, where the best values were found for treatments with low inclusion of sunflower cake. Carcass measurements, as well as cut yields were not affected by the content of sunflower cake. Regarding the parameters of lamb meat, only water losses during cooking and shear force were affected, being quadratic and linear, respectively. The meat was more tender in animals fed higher amounts of sunflower cake. The tasters of the sensory panel did not identify differences between treatments, and classified the meat with moderate odor intensity, good tenderness, low to moderate juiciness and medium acceptability. The replacement of cottonseed meal protein by sunflower cake protein in the levels used, did not affect the majority of the carcass characteristics and the meat quality.

Características de carcaça, componentes não-carcaça e morfometria em ovinos submetidos a diferentes estratégias de suplementação

The objective of the research was to evaluate carcass characteristics, non-carcass components and morphometry in sheep subjected to different supplementation strategies. It was used 24 male sheep, not emasculated, products crossing the Santa Inês breed with animals without definition of race (WDR), with average weight of 20.58 kg. The animals were distributed in four treatments in a completely randomized design with six replicates per treatment. The experimental period lasted 83 days, 20 days of adaptation to environment and diet and 63 days of the experiment itself. All animals were fed ad libitum hay and Tifton 85 have been treated with different supplements: Treatment Mineral = mineral supplement; Treatment mineral associated with urea = mineral supplement + urea + ammonium sulfate; Treatment protein = protein supplement; Treatment concentrate = concentrate supplement. The concentrated treatment provides higher final live weight, average daily gain in live weight, hot carcass weight, carcass yield in relation to the final live weight and yield of meat, in kilograms, compared to treatments mineral, mineral associated with urea and protein. The treatments did not influence the percentage of non-carcass components. The concentrated treatment results in increased width of the chest and leg circumference measured in vivo and measures in the housing, respectively. The morphometric measurements on the carcass can be used to more accurately predict the average daily gain in live weight and hot carcass yield that morphometric measurements in vivo, emphasizing the width of the chest and perimeters of hip and leg.

Carcass traits and fatty acid profile of meat from lambs fed different cottonseed by-products

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in carcass traits and fatty acid profile of meat by feeding lambs with cottonseed by-products. Twenty-four 5-month old ram lambs received one of four diets: 19.5% of dry matter intake (DMI) of whole cottonseed (WCS), 19.5% DMI cottonseed meal (CSM), 19.5% DMI high oil cottonseed meal (CSC) and a control group (CTL) without cottonseed by-products. After 95 experimental days, the lambs were slaughtered. Carcass weight and 12th rib composition (chemical and centesimal) were measured. Samples of Longissumus dorsi muscle were taken for fatty acid profile analysis. The animals that received CSM showed higher hot carcass weight, carcass yield and rib eye area than animals from the WCS group. Meat from CSM and CSC groups had higher levels of conjugated linolenic acid (CLA) than others and yet CSC group showed higher vaccenic acid than others. Meat from animals that received whole cottonseed had less unsaturated fatty acids, CLA and vaccenic acid. Therefore, processed cottonseed by-products (CSM and CSC) should be preferred for use in ruminant feed over whole cottonseed. The meat from animals that did not receive cotton by-products had higher n-3 fatty acids, and also better n-6 to n-3 ratio compared to others, which may indicate a problem in using these products in ruminant nutrition due to current importance given to these fatty acids in human nutrition.

Carcass characteristics and qualitative attributes of pork from immunocastrated animals.

An investigation was carried out to assess the carcass characteristics and meat quality aspects of immunocastrated male pigs of medium genetic potential for lean meat deposition in carcass (53 to 55%). When the crossbred Large White x Landrace pigs (n = 45) were 70 days old, they were distributed in a totally randomized design in three treatments (castrated males, females and immunocastrated males) with three replicates of five animals. The pigs were slaughtered when they were 140 days old. Carcass temperature and pH were recorded twice, at 45 min and 24 h after slaughter. The carcasses were evaluated for hot and cold carcass yield, commercial cuts yield, length and depth, back fat thickness, loin eye area and lean meat percentage. The Longissimus dorsi muscle was extracted for analysis of color (L*, a*, b*), exudate loss, cooking loss and centesimal and sensorial analysis of the meat. There were no significant differences for the evaluated parameters between castrated males, immunocastrated males and females, except for backfat thickness between the 7th and 8th thoracic vertebra and the point P2 (lower for immunocastrated males) and carcass temperature at 45 min post slaughter (higher in immunocastrated males), however, this did not interfer with the rate of pH decrease post mortem and the meat quality. The results from this research did not indicate a benefit of immunocastration on carcass characteristics of pigs of medium genetic potential for lean meat deposition in carcass, when compared to surgical castration.

EFFECT OF DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION WITH L-CARNITINE ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS AND SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF JAPANESE QUAILS

This study has been conducted on one day old Japanese quail to determine the Effect of L-carnitine dietary supplementation on growth performance, carcass characteristics (hot carcass weights and yields), visceral organ masses (heart, liver, gizzard, and abdominal fat) and some biochemical parameters (cholesterol, triglyceride, Plasma total protein, albumin, glucose, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT)and uric acid concentrations) in Japanese quails with using four levels of L-carnitine.they were divided into five equalgroups the. first group fed on basal diet(without L-carnitine) act as control, second group fed on basal diet plus50mg L-carnitine /kg diet, third group fed on basal diet plus 100mg L-carnitine /kg diet, fourth group fed on basal diet plus 150mg L-carnitine /kg diet and fifth group. fed on basal diet plus 200mg L-carnitine /kg diet The obtained results revealed that final live body weight, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio were improved significantly by using L-carnitine. The statical analysis of the obtained data showed that no significant difference between all groups in dressing percentage. However there were significant increase in breast muscle. with significant decrease in abdominal fat and heart weight in all treated groups when compared with control one. The present data revealed that serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, cholesterol LDL, glucose and albumin werw reduced significantly while serum total Protein, alanineaminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were significantly increased.

Glicerina bruta no suplemento e seus efeitos nas características da carcaça e nos componentes do peso vivo de cordeiros lactentes

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da porcentagem de glicerina bruta em suplementos sobre as características da carcaça e os componentes do peso vivo de cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pasto de azevém. Foram utilizados 32 cordeiros lactentes, distribuídos nos tratamentos: 0, 10, 20 e 30% de glicerina bruta na matéria seca, em substituição ao milho, no suplemento isoproteico (18% de PB na matéria seca) fornecido diariamente em quantidade equivalente a 2% do peso corporal. As porcentagens de glicerina bruta tiveram efeito linear decrescente sobre peso de carcaça quente, peso de carcaça fria, rendimento de carcaça quente e rendimento de carcaça fria, enquanto as perdas pelo jejum aumentaram. O peso da paleta e o peso do costilhar diminuíram, enquanto a proporção de perna aumentou com o incremento de glicerina bruta no suplemento. Na composição tecidual da paleta, observou-se que a gordura subcutânea, a gordura intermuscular e a gordura total da paleta decresceram linearmente segundo as porcentagens de glicerina bruta. Sobre os componentes do peso vivo, observaram-se diferenças nas proporções de pele, rúmen, omaso, intestino grosso, que aumentaram, enquanto a de gordura renal diminuiu linearmente. Conclui-se que o uso de glicerina bruta em até 30% em suplemento fornecido em comedouro privativo para cordeiros lactentes mantidos em pasto de azevém interfere nas características da carcaça e nos componentes corporais.

Engorda de corderos Pelibuey con diferente nivel de alfalfa en la dieta

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of feeding alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) to lambs on animal performance, during a period of 11 weeks. Thirty-six, 5 months old, Pelibuey male lambs were used indoors, with initial live weight of 22.0 kg. They were distributed homogeneously into four groups of three each, with three replicates per group, and then randomly assigned to each of the following treatments: diet with 0, 20, 30 and 40 % (dry basis) of alfalfa. Dry matter intake (DMI), daily gain weight (DGW), feeding conversion (FC) and efficiency (FE), hot and cold carcass yield, biological hot and cold carcass yield, and carcass pH at slauthering and 24h post mortem, and digestibility in situ of the diet, were evaluated. A completely randomized design using Proc GLM was used; mean comparison was done using the Tukey test. There were not significant differences (p>0.05) between treatments on animal performance, except on dry matter intake, which increased (p<0.05) from 1.2 to 1.4 kg DM per animal when increasing alfalfa level from 20 to 40 %, even though diets including alfalfa had less digestibility compared to the control one. DGW, FC and FE, averaged 271 g animal-1 day-1, 4.74 and 0.212, respectively. The average for hot and cold carcass yield, were 54.4 % and 53.0 %, respectively. Including alfalfa in the lamb diet, offers no benefits on animal performance; however, including up to 40 % of alfalfa, could be a viable feeding strategy, and from the economical point of view could be attractive to the farmer, besides, it increases dry matter intake.

Características da carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça de ovinos alimentados com dietas contendo casca de mamona

Objetivou-se avaliar a influência de quatro níveis de substituição (0; 33; 67 e 100) do feno de capim-tifton 85 (FT) pela casca de mamona (CM) em rações sobre as características quantitativas da carcaça e dos componentes não-carcaça de ovinos mestiços de Morada Nova, com peso corporal médio de 20,3kg e idade média de 6,5 meses num delineamento inteiramente casualizado com cinco repetições. Foram avaliados o peso, o rendimento, a composição regional das carcaças e os componentes não-carcaças. Observou-se efeito linear decrescente dos níveis de substituição do FT pela CM sobre o peso corporal, peso corporal ao abate em jejum, peso do corpo vazio, peso de carcaça quente e fria, assim como os rendimentos de carcaças quente e fria. Os níveis de substituição do FT pela CM apresentaram influência negativa sobre o peso dos cortes à medida que se adicionou CM na dieta dos animais, enquanto a área de olho-de-lombo e a espessura de gordura subcutânea não apresentaram efeito. O rendimento do lombo posterior foi influenciado de forma linear decrescente pelos níveis de substituição do FT pela CM, enquanto os rendimentos das demais regiões não apresentaram efeito dos níveis de substituição. Observou-se efeito dos níveis de substituição do FT pela CM para maioria dos componentes não-carcaça, com exceção da vesícula biliar, bexiga, nódulos, abomaso, intestino delgado e gordura do coração. A casca de mamona acima de 33% em substituição ao feno de tifton-85 na dieta para ovinos influencia negativamente as características das carcaças e os componentes não-carcaça.

Genotype effect on carcass and meat quality of lambs finished in irrigated pastures in the semiarid Northeastern Brazil

The aim of this study was to compare four genetic groups of sheep on the carcass and meat quality traits. Thirty-three contemporary and unrelated male lambs, all of single birth were used in the experiment, being thirteen from the Santa Inês (SI) breed, seven from the Brazilian Somali breed (BS), six from the Morada Nova (MN) breed and seven from the ½ Dorper - ½ Morada Nova (F1) crossbreed. The genotypes SI, BS and F1 presented similar performances in relation to hot and cold carcass weights, which values were 10.76±0.53kg and 10.46±0.52kg for SI, 9.20±0.73kg and 8.99±0.71kg for BS, and 9.35±0.73kg and 9.13±0.71kg for F1, respectively. The BS had a better hot carcass yield (47.10±0.88%) and cold carcass yield (46.00±0.87%). Better carcass conformation was observed in SI and F1 (2.73±0.12 and 2.50±0.17, respectively) while the BS presented a better finishing (3.29±0.20). The average for the rib eye area (REA) was 9.94±0.49cm², 8.66±0.67cm², 7.18±0.72cm² and 9.8±0.67cm², and for the carcass compactness index (CCI) it was 0.17±0.01kg/cm, 0.17±0.01kg/cm, 0.11±0.01kg/cm and 0.16±0,01kg/cm, for SI, SB, MN and F1, respectively. There were no significant differences between SI, BS and F1 regarding REA and CCI. Although, in general, the MN presented a relatively lower performance than the other genotypes, this breed had similar carcass yields and fat thickness when compared to SI and F1 and similar conformation and REA in comparison to the BS. Regarding meat quality, no differences were observed between genotypes, except for redness and cooking losses. It is concluded that no one group had a higher or lower performance in all traits analyzed. Moreover, for the management conditions employed in this study, there was evidence of greater specialization in meat production for genotypes SI, BS and F1 when compared to MN, although there are no substantial differences between the four groups regarding meat quality.