Hospitals Of Punjab Research Articles

Assessment and Monitoring of Adverse Drug Reactions at a Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: Incidences of adverse drug reactions were reported through spontane-ous reporting at an ADR monitoring unit in a tertiary care hospital. Aims: This study was conducted to describe the distribution pattern of adverse drug reaction (ADR). Objective: The objective of this study was to monitor and report the adverse drug reactions (ADRs) occurring in a tertiary care hospital and to evaluate the incidence, causality, severity, and preventability of adverse drug reactions. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Punjab for 6 months. All patients admitted to the hospital above 18 years of age were included in the study. Results: A total of 103 ADRs were observed over the study period of 6 months. The majority of them were females (60), comprising of 58.25%. The therapeutic class of drug associated with most of the ADRs was antibiotics 18 (17.5%). Maximum number of ADRs occurred in the gen-eral medicine ward with frequency of 27 (26.2%) and were of type b 58 (56.3%). Causality was assessed using the Naranjo scale, and most of the ADRs came out to be probable 64 (62.1%) in nature. Severity was assessed using Hartwig’s severity assessment scale, and most of the cases, 66 (64.1%), were moderate in intensity. ADR preventability was assessed using the Schumock and Thornton preventability scale, and it was observed that most of the cases, 82 (79.6%), were not preventable. Conclusion: This study seeks to strengthen the ADR database through analysis of spontaneous reporting patterns of ADRs from various clinical departments of a tertiary care teaching hospital, thereby increasing awareness and improving the reporting culture among health care practition-ers. It can be concluded that continuous medication monitoring and a well-organized and com-mitted pharmacovigilance system led by a clinical pharmacist in a hospital setting would un-doubtedly lower the incidence of adverse drug reactions.

Associations between BCL11A and HBS1L-MYB polymorphisms and thalassemia risk

ObjectivesThis study investigated the associations of the rs4671393, rs1427407, and rs11886868 genetic variants of the BCL11A gene and the rs9399137 variant of the HBS1L-MYB gene with thalassemia in patients from the population of Punjab, Pakistan. MethodsA cohort of 600 participants, comprising 300 patients with thalassemia and 300 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, was recruited from various hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan. DNA was extracted from whole blood samples from all participants. Specific DNA regions containing four genetic variants of interest were amplified with polymerase chain reaction. ResultsThe genotypic frequencies of the rs4671393 SNP of BCL11A indicated that the heterozygous (AG) genotype of this SNP was significantly associated with a nearly two-fold increased thalassemia risk, with respect to the control group (OR = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.77–2.80; p = 0.01). Combining all genotypes into a joint model further confirmed their significant association with thalassemia risk. Similarly to the findings for rs4671393, the heterozygous (CT) genotype of rs11886868 exhibited a significant association with thalassemia risk (approximately two-fold increased risk. Analysis of both genotypes together revealed a marginally significant association (one-fold increased risk) with thalassemia in individuals carrying any variant allele of rs11886868. The allelic distribution of the rs1427407 SNP of BCL11A indicated that the heterozygous (GT) genotype of this SNP was significantly associated with thalassemia (approximately two-fold increased risk, with respect to the control group). Combining all genotypes into a joint model confirmed a significant association between the presence of any variant allele of rs1427407 and thalassemia (two-fold increased risk). The genotypic distribution frequencies of the heterozygous (CT) genotype for the rs9399137 SNP of HBS1L-MYB was similar to that of rs1427407, and exhibited a highly significant association with thalassemia risk (nearly two-fold increased risk). Analysis of both genotypes together revealed a significant association with thalassemia risk (one-fold increase) for individuals carrying any variant allele of rs9399137. ConclusionBCL11A and HBS1L-MYB polymorphisms were significantly associated with increased thalassemia risk.

Employee well-being as a mediating variable in sustainable human resource management, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction of healthcare professionals: A structural equation modeling approach

ABSTRACT Sustainable human resource management is a concept gaining attention worldwide from researchers and practitioners. This article is focused on nursing and exploring the influence of Sustainable Human Resource Management (SHRM) on Employee Well-Being (EWB) and the impact of EWB on Organizational Commitment (OC) and Job Satisfaction (JS) of healthcare employees. The study highlighted the need for hospital organizations to develop sustainable human resource management to enhance the well-being of healthcare professionals. A well-structured questionnaire (adapted, validated, and pre-tested) was prepared. Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) using Smart PLS 4.0 was employed for testing the hypothetical relationships. Using the proportionate sampling technique, data were collected from 452 healthcare professionals employed in 55 private and 56 public sector hospitals in Punjab, India. The findings of the study revealed that there exists a significant relationship between SHRM and Employee WB, and employee well-being directly influences OC and JS. Moreover, study findings also revealed that employee well-being partially mediates the relationship between SHRM as an independent variable; and OC and JS as dependent variables.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Myocardial Infarction Among Young Adults in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Punjab- A Cross-sectional Study.

Incidence and Risk Factors of Myocardial Infarction Among Young Adults in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Punjab- A Cross-sectional Study.

Effectiveness of WhatsApp based debunking reminders on follow-up visit attendance for individuals with hypertension: a randomized controlled trial in India

BackgroundIndividuals with high blood pressure in India often miss essential follow-up visits. Missed visits contribute to gaps across the hypertension care continuum and preventable cardiovascular disease. Widespread misconceptions around hypertension care and treatment may contribute to low follow-up attendance rates, but to date, there is limited evidence of the effect of interventions to debunk such misconceptions on health-seeking behavior. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to measure whether combining information debunking commonly-held misconceptions with a standard reminder reduces missed follow-up visits among individuals with high blood pressure and investigated whether any observed effect was moderated through belief change.MethodsWe recruited 388 patients with uncontrolled blood pressure from the outpatient wards of two public sub-district hospitals in Punjab, India. Participants randomly assigned to the intervention arm received two WhatsApp messages, sent 3 and 1 days before their physician-requested follow-up visit. The WhatsApp message began with a standard reminder, reminding participants of their upcoming follow-up visit and its purpose. Following the standard reminder, we included brief debunking statements aimed at acknowledging and correcting common misconceptions and misbeliefs about hypertension care seeking and treatment. Participants in the control group received usual care and did not receive any messages.ResultsWe did not find evidence that the enhanced WhatsApp reminders improved follow-up visit attendance (Main effect: 2.2 percentage points, p-value = 0.603), which remained low across both treatment (21.8%, 95% CI: 15.7%, 27.9%) and control groups (19.6%, 95% CI: 14.2%, 25.0%). Participants had widespread misconceptions about hypertension care but our debunking messages did not successfully correct these beliefs (p-value = 0.187).ConclusionsThis study re-affirms the challenge of continuity of care for chronic diseases in India and suggests that simple phone-based health communication methods may not suffice for changing prevalent misconceptions and improving health-seeking behavior.Trial registrationThe trial began on July 18th. We registered the trial on July 18th (before recruitment began), including the main outcomes, on the German Clinical Trial Register [Identifier: DRKS00029712] and published a pre-analysis plan in the Open Science Framework [osf.io/67g35].

The influence of healthcare service quality on patients' satisfaction in urban areas: The case of Pakistan

An advanced hospital services is an imperative goal in the healthcare delivery process that might contribute to the patient's emotions and behavioral intention regarding the service experience. Therefore, current study aims to investigate the influence of healthcare service quality and patients' satisfaction with basic health unit (BHU) hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan. The study focuses on service quality, revisits intention and patients' satisfaction with the framework of the planned behaviour model. Quantitative research was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire from those patients who visited the same hospitals twice in a month. As result, the sampling strategy was simple random sampling (SRS) and sample size was (n = 469). The researchers used structural equation modelling (SEM) and AMOS to examine and evaluate the study hypotheses. The findings indicate that service quality increases patients' satisfaction and motivates them to revisit again. Service quality plays a crucial role in enhancing patients' intention to revisit the same hospitals and maintain their satisfaction level. The results provide valuable insights for medical marketing teams to promote and strengthen patients' intention to revisit to their medical care hospitals. Additionally, these findings may inform governments on how to maintain and improve medical facilities for their future patients. This research is among a limited number of studies that examine the predictive association between service quality, patients' satisfaction, and patients' tendency to revisits to government hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan.

Socio-demographic and work-related factors associated with mental health disparities among nurses working in public sector hospitals

ABSTRACT This study addresses the mental health disparities among nurses based on various socio-demographic and work-related factors. Recognizing the widespread issue of mental health in the nursing profession, the study investigates the differences in the mental health of nurses to various socio-demographic and work-related factors. The study focused on hospital status, shift timing, education level, working hours, marital status, gender, family income level, and family size. Using convenient sampling, data were collected from 310 nurses working in public sector hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan. Kruskal Wallis H test, Mann Whitney U test, and Dunn's pairwise tests were used. The study findings revealed significant differences in mental health across these factors except for family size. Key findings highlight mental health disparities based on hospital status, shift timing, education level, working hours, marital status, gender, and family income. The study concludes that tailored interventions and support systems are essential to address the specific challenges faced by diverse nursing subgroups. The study contributes to the development of a resilient and well-supported nursing workforce. These findings have broader implications for nursing professional development, academic courses, and the overall well-being of healthcare professionals.

Advancements in Ophthalmic Healthcare with Deep Learning-Driven Segmentation for Multi-Stage Eye Fundus Disease Diagnosis

The global rise in eye diseases highlights the need for advanced diagnostic tools in ophthalmic care. This project introduces a deep learning model for classifying eye diseases, streamlining diagnosis, and improving accuracy. Using real-time images from reputable healthcare facilities like Bajwa Hospital in Punjab and Shang gong Medical Tech in China, the model is fine-tuned to clinical nuances. Segmentation of the optic disc and blood vessels is key for precise retinal structure delineation, enhancing disease identification. Various CNN models, including Mobile Net, Dense Net, Reset, and a custom CNN, were utilized for retinal image analysis. Additionally, the Vision Transformer (ViT) model was integrated to capture intricate patterns. The model is deployed as a web application using Django, HTML, SQLite, and Bootstrap, featuring a secure, user-friendly interface. Users can input images to receive prompt disease predictions, along with verified information on prevention, treatment options, and medications. This system not only automates and improves diagnostic processes but also provides reliable medical guidance.

Experience of Antenatal Thalassemia Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis from a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Punjab

Experience of Antenatal Thalassemia Screening and Prenatal Diagnosis from a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Punjab

Prescribing Change: Unpacking Privatization's Impact on Government Teaching Hospitals in Punjab, Pakistan

Lack of financial support is one of the main causes of low-quality services in Government teaching hospitals of developing countries. Recent recommendations for privatization of government teaching hospitals were aimed at improving the services to that of private teaching hospitals. The strategy is expected to increase the efficiency & performance of government teaching hospitals and generate revenues for their continued improvements. The measuring dimensions of hospital performance not only predict the financial performance of a hospital, but also provide assessment on steps required for betterment of the Government teaching hospital. The non-financial performance of a hospital setting is based on non-financial variables such as Reliability, waiting time, sanitary facility, hygiene and information unique to particular treatment. Good human resource practices are one of the key components that may predict the monetary & non-monetary performances of a hospital. This study demonstrated these variables along with their dimensions across the whole public teaching hospitals settings in Lahore Punjab with a sample size of 300 respondents. Respondents were highly qualified Doctors, Nurses and administration staff of public teaching hospitals Lahore, Punjab. Smart PLS-4 was used as a statistical tool and ran reliability, mediation analysis and linear correlation for research findings. The results have been found significant that hospital performance can be increased through privatization. Although there are some limitations such as it was limited to public teaching hospitals only. Public DHQs (District Head-quarters), THQs (Tehsil Head-quarters) & RHC (Rural Health Centers) were not part of study. The opted variables to assess the hospital performance were not total markers, so for future research there is a path for researchers to opt the rest variables to explore the further significance.

Frequency Of Left Ventricular Thrombi In Dilated Cardiomyopathy Patients Presenting In Tertiary Care Hospital Of Punjab

Objective: This study has been carried out to determine the frequency of left ventricular thrombi in dilated cardiomyopathy patients presenting in tertiary care hospitals in Punjab. Methods: This descriptive case series was carried out at Arif Memorial Teaching Hospital Lahore. This study involved 150 children of both genders aged between 4-12 years diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy. These children underwent echocardiographic screening for left ventricular thrombi (mass filling the ventricular cavity and distinct from normal endocardium). The frequency of left ventricular thrombi was noted and compared across various subgroups of children based on age, gender and BMI. Written informed consent was obtained from parents of every child. Results: The mean age of the children was 8.5±2.4 years. There were 98 (65.3%) boys and 52 (34.7%) girls with a male-to-female ratio of 1.9:1. The mean BMI of these children was 26.9±3.0 Kg/m2 and 29 (19.3%) children were obese. 63 (42.0%) children had left ventricular thrombi. There was no statistically significant difference in the frequency of left ventricular thrombi across various subgroups of children based on age (p-value=0.979), gender (p-value=0.956), and BMI (p-value=0.731). Conclusion: In the present study, a substantial proportion of children with dilated cardiomyopathy had left ventricular thrombi which due to the associated risk of thromboembolism and CVA warrant routine echocardiographic screening of such children so that timely identification and anticipated management may improve the outcome of children with dilated cardiomyopathy in future pediatric practice. Keywords: Dilated cardiomyopathy, Left ventricular thrombus, echocardiography

Need for the dedicated emergency department in health care services; Postgraduate doctors’ perspective.

Objective: To explore the perspectives of post graduate residents working on emergency floor about the need of dedicated emergency department in healthcare department. Study Design: Qualitative Exploratory study. Setting: Allied Hospital, Faisalabad (AHF), Pakistan A Tertiary Care Public Sector Hospital in Punjab. Period: January 10, 2024, to January 30th, 2024. Material & Methods: Post-graduate residents of surgery and medicine department were included in study and interviews were conducted after taking their consent till the data saturation. Total 18 interviews were recorded and then transcribed. Thematic narrative analysis was performed. Results: Out of 18 participants, 14 (77.7%) were males while 4(22.2%) were females. From surgical floor, 8 Residents participated in the study out of which 1 (12.5%) was female and 7 (87.5%) were males while 10 residents participated from medical floor out of which 3 (30%) were females and 7(70%) were males. Theme 1: The problems faced on the emergency floor: All the participants agreed that the working condition of emergency floor is quite hectic and stressful. With sub themes (1a) Over-burdened emergency of tertiary care centers: 1b) Faulty Referral system: (1c) Patient interactions: (1d) Lack of facilities: (1e) Guidance & facilitation center: Theme 2: Dedicated Emergency Department: The Participants when asked about their suggestions regarding improvement of working condition at emergency floor, they all had a clear idea of establishment of a dedicated emergency department with specially trained and recruited staff for this purpose. With subthemes (2a) Filtration clinics: (2b) Rotational Duties: (2c) Proper Training: (2d) Public Awareness. Conclusion: The emergency departments in tertiary hospitals should be a separate department with dedicated staff, proper triage system and adequate facilities to deal with the critical patients.

Utility of opportunistic screening to assess the impact of urinary incontinence on quality of life and barriers to seeking treatment among women attending a tertiary healthcare centre in North India

IntroductionUrinary incontinence (UI) is a common but frequently neglected problem in females, significantly impacting their psychosocial health. The available estimates are an underestimation of a bigger problem. Thus, the study aimed to estimate the prevalence of UI, its associated risk factors, its impact on the Quality of life (QoL), and barriers to treatment-seeking behaviour in women attending tertiary healthcare centres.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using an opportunistic screening among women visiting a tertiary care hospital in Punjab recruited using multi-stage systematic random sampling. UI was classified as Stress (SUI), Urge (UUI), mixed (MUI), and No Incontinence (UI less than once a week or a month or no complaints) using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire–Urinary Incontinence Short Form (ICIQ-UI SF). Bivariate analyses were done using the chi-square test to test the association between the dependent and independent variables. The predictors of UI were explored using univariable and multivariable binary logistic regression and depicted using Odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. The impact of UI on Quality of Life (QoL) was assessed using the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-Short Form (IIQ-7), and compared among the three UI types using One-Way ANOVA. Treatment barriers were explored using open-ended questions.ResultsOf the 601 women, 19.6% reported UI (stress UI: 10.1%, mixed UI: 6.0%, and urge UI: 3.5%). There were significant clinical-social factors that predicted different types of UI. The UI depicted a significant effect on QoL across all domains of the IIQ-7 (total mean score: 50.8 ± 21.9) compared to women with no incontinence (0.1 + 1.9). The score was highest in women with MUI, followed by SUI and UUI. About two-thirds of the affected women never consulted a doctor and considered it a non-serious condition or a normal ageing process.ConclusionsThe present study found a high prevalence of UI through opportunistic screening across all the women’s age groups with different conditions. Due to the associated stigma, clinicians should make every attempt to talk more about this, especially in women with medical conditions that can precipitate UI. Furthermore, the results call for generating more robust estimates through community-based screening studies.

Factors contributing to preterm birth in patients presenting at tertiary care hospitals in Punjab.

To determine the various causes and factors leading to preterm birth in women presenting at tertiary care hospitals. The cross-sectional, prospective study was conducted from June 19, 2021, to January 19, 2022, at the Central Park Teaching Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, in collaboration with other tertiary care teaching hospitals in Lahore, and comprised pregnant women aged 15-45 years with preterm birth. Demographic and obstetric data was collected. Depending on the factors contributing to preterm birth, the subjects were categorised as spontaneous labour group A, preterm prelabour rupture of membrane group B, and iatrogenic preterm birth group C. Data was analysed using SPSS 25. Of the 1,300 recorded births, 200(15.38%) were preterm. Group A had 86(43%) women with mean age 28.55±4.68 years, group B had 43(21,5%) women with mean age 27.14±3.25 years, and group C had 71(35.5%) women with mean age 28.28±3.74 years (p>0.05). There was significant difference among the groups with respect to body mass index (p=0.001) and parity (p=0.021). Vaginal and urinary tract infections were significantly higher in group A compared to the other groups (p<0.05). In group C, pre-eclampsia was the main reason for preterm birth 45(63.38%). Medically indicated preterm birth rate was found to be high, and pre-eclampsia was noted as the main cause in iatrogenic preterm birth.

Impact of a pharmacist-led educational intervention on knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the rational use of antibiotics among healthcare workers in a secondary care hospital in Punjab, Pakistan.

Introduction: Growing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and decreasing efficacy of the available antimicrobials have become a significant public health concern. The antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP) ensures the appropriate use of antimicrobials and mitigates resistance prevalence through various interventions. One of the core components of the ASP is to educate healthcare workers (HWs). Therefore, this study aims to identify the impact of a pharmacist-led educational intervention targeting knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding rational antibiotic use among healthcare professionals in a secondary care hospital in Punjab. Methods: This is a single-center, questionnaire-based, pre-post interventional study conducted over a six-month time period. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26. Results: Regarding the pre-interventional knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) score of the respondents, 90.3% had a good knowledge score, 81.5% had a positive attitude, and 72.3% of HWs (excluding doctors) had a good practice score. Additionally, 74.6% of the doctors had a good practice score. After educational intervention, there was a significant improvement in the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the respondent HWs (p-value <0.001). Furthermore, males have higher knowledge scores compared to females in the pre- and post-intervention stages (p-value <0.05), and doctors differ from nurses regarding knowledge scores in both pre- and post-intervention stages. Conclusion: Considering educational programs as the backbone of the ASP, it is imperative to sustain efforts in the ongoing educational programs of HWs to foster high awareness and adherence to the ASP among HWs.

Clinical and Histopathological Characteristics in Women With Postmenopausal Bleeding: A Study of 120 Women in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Punjab.

Background Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) is defined as blood loss from the genital tract occurring 12 months or more after an individual's last menstrual period. It is important for women to recognize abnormal symptoms during menopause, with PMB being one of the most critical. PMB is a common clinical presentation and can be indicative of endometrial carcinoma. A thorough clinical assessment and endometrial histopathology can ensureearly diagnosis and treatment of malignancy in high-risk patients. Materials and Methods This study included 120 women with PMB. Their clinical and histopathological characteristics were studied, and correlations between the characteristics were investigated. Patients were evaluated according to their age, parity, duration of menopause, and socioeconomic status. Various comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and obesity were noted. Results The patientsranged in age from 45 to 80 years, with a mean age of 54.97 ± 5.86 years. Fifty-nine (49.16%) of the patients presented with PMB within 3 years of menopause. PMB was seen most commonly in patients with parity 3, accounting for 37 (30.83%) of the cases. Endometrial thickness was increased in 100 (83.33%) cases. The most common causes of PMB were simple hyperplasia without atypia (SHWOA) in 36 (36%) patients and atrophic endometrium in 14 (14%) patients. Twelve (10%) of the patients had endometrial carcinoma. Benign causes of PMB were present in 91 (75.3%) cases, whereas 29 (24.1%) had a malignant cause. Weakly positive, but significant correlations (P< 0.05) were seen between the development of malignancy and increasing age (Pearson correlation coefficient, r = 0.263) parity (r = 0.244), and body mass index (r = 0.272). Conclusions PMB is considered abnormal. Benign causes are more common, but malignant causes are possible. In the current study, endometrial carcinoma was the most common malignant cause of PMB. Endometrial carcinoma incidence increased with greater endometrial thickness and more years since menopause. Histopathological examination remains the criterion standard for the correct diagnosis. Initiatives are recommended for increasingawareness about PMB to support prompt medical attention for a better prognosis.

A Comparative study of factors effecting Occupational Stress among Medical and Paramedical Staff in Public and Private Hospitals in Punjab

A Comparative study of factors effecting Occupational Stress among Medical and Paramedical Staff in Public and Private Hospitals in Punjab

Impact of Occupational Stress on Job Satisfaction among Medical and Para-medical Staff in Public and Private Hospitals in Punjab

Impact of Occupational Stress on Job Satisfaction among Medical and Para-medical Staff in Public and Private Hospitals in Punjab

Is the quality of public health facilities always worse compared to private health facilities: Association between birthplace on neonatal deaths in the Indian states.

The role of place of delivery on the neonatal health outcomes are very crucial. Although the quality of care is being improved, there is no consensus about who is the better healthcare provider in low and middle-income countries (LMICs), public or private facilities. The aim of this study is to assess the differentials in neonatal mortality by the type of healthcare providers in India and its states. We used the data from the fourth wave of the National Family Health Survey 2015-16 (NFHS-4). Information on 259,627 live births to women within the five years preceding the survey was examined. Neonatal mortality rates for state and national levels were calculated using DHS methodology. Multi-variate logistics regression was performed to find the effect of birthplace on neonatal deaths. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to evaluate the relationship between place of delivery and neonatal deaths to account for the bias attributable to observable covariates. The rise in parity of the women and purchasing power influences the choice of healthcare providers. Increased neonatal mortality was found in private hospital delivery compared to public hospitals in Punjab, Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Goa, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka states using propensity score matching analysis. However, analysis on the standard of pre-natal and post-natal care indicates that private hospitals generally outperformed public hospitals. The study observed a significant variation in neonatal mortality among public and private health care systems in India. Findings of the study urges that more attention be paid to the improve care at the place of delivery to improve neonatal health. There is a need of strengthened national health policy and public-private partnerships in order to improve maternal and child health care in both private and public health facilities.

Treatment outcomes of multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) treated with bedaquiline under programmatic management of drug resistant tuberculosis at a tertiary care hospital in Punjab, India

IntroductionMDR TB is a serious global concern which is hampering TB elimination goals badly. Standardized MDR TB regimen had high default rates, more side effects and poor treatment outcomes. Bedaquiline is a newer anti-tubercular drug which has made oral regimens possible for MDR TB. We aimed to study the outcomes of MDR TB patients treated with Bdq containing regimens. Methods155 patients of MDR TB on Bdq containing regimen enrolled at GMC, Patiala under NTEP from 2017 to 2020 were enrolled retrospectively. ResultsOut of 155 patients enrolled, 82 (52.9 %) were cured, 31 (20 %) completed treatment, 18 (11.6 %) defaulted, 22 (14.2 %) died and 2 (0.12 %) failed treatment. ConclusionBdq is well tolerated with very less side effects and has better outcomes as compared to standard MDR regimens which were followed earlier.