Hospital Market Research Articles

2313. Population-based Incidence of SARS-CoV-2-associated Hospitalizations across the Age Spectrum in New York City, 2020-2021

Abstract Background Population-based incidence rates for hospitalizations due to SARS-CoV-2 can provide an increased understanding of the impact of transmission and mitigation strategies over time, yet there are relatively few estimates of such rates. Thus, we conducted a population-based, surveillance study to estimate incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 hospitalizations among patients across the age spectrum. Methods From March 2020 to December 2021, we retrospectively reviewed the electronic medical records of patients admitted to an academic, multi-hospital system in New York City (NYC) to determine population-based incidence rates. Eligible patients resided in the pre-defined surveillance area, had ≥2 acute symptoms, and had laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection detected within 14 calendar-days prior to admission to 2 calendar-days after admission. Overall and age group incidence of SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization per 100,000 persons living in the surveillance area were calculated using 2020 census data, adjusted by hospital market share. Results From 2020-2021, 3,283 eligible patients were hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2 at the study hospitals. Patients’ median age in 2020 was 69 years (IQR 56, 80) and in 2021 was 67 years (IQR 51, 79) and 2.5% were 0-17 years old. Overall, 52% were male and 11%, 10%, and 61% were Black, White, and Hispanic, respectively. An estimated 1-4% of adults in age groups >65 years living in the surveillance area were hospitalized (Table). From 2020 to 2021, the overall population-based annual incidence rate and annual incidence rates in age groups 50-64, 65-74, 75-84, and ≥85 years decreased. While not significant, the incidence rate increased in patients 0-14 years. Conclusion These population-based incidence rates provide unique insights into the SARS-CoV-2 burden in a predefined surveillance area in NYC which served as the epicenter of the first U.S. wave of the pandemic. While incidence rates decreased in those >50 years old, rates were largely unchanged in those < 50 years old suggesting that younger adults and children had continued and potentially increased exposures to SARS-CoV-2 and/or lower vaccination rates than older adults during the second full year of the pandemic. Such incidence data can measure the impact of mitigation strategies. Disclosures Lisa Saiman, MD MPH, Merck & Co., Inc,: Grant/Research Support|Merck & Co., Inc,: Member, DSMB|Pfizer, Inc: Member, DSMB Edward E. Walsh, MD, Icosavax: Advisor/Consultant|Merck: Advisor/Consultant|Merck: Grant/Research Support|Merck: Honoraria|Moderna: Advisor/Consultant|Pfizer: Grant/Research Support Angela R. Branche, MD, Cyanvac: Grant/Research Support|GSK: Advisor/Consultant|Janssen: Advisor/Consultant|Merck: Grant/Research Support|Pfizer: Grant/Research Support Julia A. Schillinger, MD, MSc, Merck & Co.: Employee, Stocks and Bonds MATTHEW R. PHILLIPS, MPH, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: Employee|Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA: Stocks/Bonds Lynn Finelli, DrPH, MS, Merck&Co: Stocks/Bonds

Marketing Strategy of Teaching Hospital: Challenges For Teaching Hospitals in Indonesia

The increasing demands of the community for quality and affordable health services make hospitals have to always try to survive amid increasing competition. This article is a systematic review where data is taken from online databases such as ProQuest, Wiley Online, JStore, ScienceDirect, Embase, Scopus, and local journals (Garuda Portal, Jurnal Promkes) using the keywords "Strategy", and "Hospital Marketing", "Marketing". The search engine obtained 6234 international journals and 6 local journals. Then again sorting by year (starting from 2012 and above), duplication, type of article (journal, not systematic review), and full article only, then the final result is 7 titles. The result of this literature review article may provide experiences for directing future investigations regarding the marketing strategy of a teaching hospital. Thus, the findings of this article could help governments, universities, health providers, and academia to concentrate their efforts and policies on the development of the current teaching hospital, especially using marketing tools. Directions for improving the healthcare systems should mainly focus on reducing diseases, disabilities, and mortality among the population; improving the quality and accessibility of healthcare; and developing a competitive market of innovative medical services. The creation of an effective healthcare system could lead to improving the quality of life. Hospital marketing is an important element in introducing the hospital to the wider community. It is necessary to combine and coordinate related elements so that marketing programs can be carried out as effectively as possible.

Increasing Customer Brand Loyalty for Hospitality Organizations Practicing Sustainable Marketing: A Case Study of Café Javas, Uganda

The purpose of this research is to discover the effect of sustainable marketing of hospitality services on consumers’ attitudinal and behavioral brand loyalty. Additionally, this research also aims to discover the mediating effect of brand trust and brand affect on this relationship. A combination of descriptive and causal research was used, for which data was collected from 582 respondents and processed using structural equation modeling to establish multivariate relationships. The process method was used to approximate mediation effects. A reasonably valuable insight that arose is the significant role that brand trust and brand affect play in engendering attitudinal and behavioral brand loyalty among consumers, for hospitality organizations adopting sustainable marketing practices. Findings revealed that sustainable marketing practices result in enhanced brand trust, which further translates into higher levels of brand affect, thereby leading to attitudinal brand loyalty and further resulting in behavioral brand loyalty. This study also highlights the importance of brand affect in developing enduring behavioral brand loyalty. Research limitations/implications – Consumers today are changing their consumption habits, preferring to satisfy ideological and symbolic needs rather than just rational needs. So, hospitality marketers practicing sustainable marketing should aim to leverage brand trust and brand affect to ensure lasting behavioral brand loyalty. The examination of the effect of sustainable marketing practices on brand-related variables in hospitality organizations has contributed to a better understanding of the mechanism that underlines the operation of emotion-based enduring loyalty. The vast majority of studies that provided insights about sustainable marketing practices and consumer behavior thereof were dominated by European and American perspectives and very few studies exist with a focus on developing economies such as Uganda.

Effectiveness of Digital Marketing on Revisit Intention Outpatient of Brebes Regional General Hospital

Background: The Covid-19 outbreak turned into a pandemic in Indonesia in 2020. The patient's intention to visit the hospital due to the pandemic but can be influenced by the hospital's marketing strategy. Brebes Regional General Hospital before the Covid-19 pandemic used conventional marketing and, in an effort, to increase the number of repeat visits to patients in the pandemic era and industry 5.0, namely through the most effective marketing strategy, namely digital marketing.
 Purpose: The aim is to determine the influence and effectiveness of digital marketing in terms of people, physical evidence, process and promotion on the intention to revisit outpatients at Brebes Regional General Hospital.
 Methods: Using the Quasi Experimental Pre and postest method in digital groups and conventional groups and the Logistic Regression method.
 Results: The results showed that there was a difference and there was effectiveness in the digital marketing group on the promotion variable (0.45), process (0.56), physical evidence (0.37) and intention (0.54). There is a difference and effectiveness in the conventional group on the process variable (0.35). There is a simultaneous influence of 4P variables on the intention to revisit by 70.5%.
 Conclusion: There is a difference and effectiveness in patient re-visits in the outpatient service of the Brebes Regional General Hospital before and after the digital marketing intervention group on the variables of Promotion, Process, Physical Evidence and Visit Intention.

The Influence of Service Marketing Mix on the Revisitation Intention of BPJS Inpatient Patients at Royal Prima Marelan General Hospital

Marketing in hospitals is a basic activity of an organization to run its business and to maintain its continuity, the role of marketing in hospitals is very important in determining hospital selection. Service marketing needs an expanded marketing mix with the addition of a non-traditional marketing mix, namely people, physical evidence, and process, so that it becomes seven elements. This research aims to determine the influence of the marketing mix of services on the intention to revisit BPJS inpatients at Royal Prima Marelan General Hospital. This research is an analytical observational research with a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study were BPJS patients hospitalized during the last five months at Royal Prima Marelan General Hospital, totaling 1,279 patients. Determination of samples using the Slovin formula with a total sample of 305 patients. Data analysis uses univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. The results of the research show that the variables of type of service, location of service, promotion, health personnel, physical appearance, service procedures, and hospital performance have a positive and significant effect on interest in revisiting inpatient BPJS patients at Royal Prima Marelan hospital p-value <0.05. The independent variable that most influences the interest in revisiting inpatient BPJS patients at the Hospital of Royal Prima Marelan is the hospital performance variable.

Do we love celebrity endorsers? The joint impacts of consumers' need for status, celebrity’s star power and image congruence on celebrity endorsement effectiveness

PurposeThe current study aims to examine the joint impact of consumers' need for status (NFS), celebrity's star power and consumer-celebrity image match on consumers' attitudes toward the celebrity endorsement.Design/methodology/approachA factorial design was employed to test the research model. Consumer-celebrity image match was manipulated, and consumers' NFS and celebrity's star power was captured using existing measurement scales. A total of 365 responses were collected via Qualtrics. Hayes's (2013) PROCESS procedure was used to analyze the data and test hypotheses.FindingsResults indicate that consumers with high (vs low) NFS have more favorable attitudes toward the endorsed brand. More importantly, consumers high in NFS, in an endorsement where celebrity-consumer image matches, have more favorable attitudes toward the brand endorsed by a celebrity with more (vs less) star power. In contrast, in an endorsement where celebrity-consumer image mismatches, they react the same regardless of the endorser's star power.Practical implicationsThis study offers suggestions to hospitality marketing professionals in strategically using celebrity endorsers in their marketing campaigns and strategies that allows firms to further formulate positive and enduring brand images while encouraging favorable consumer behaviors.Originality/valueWhile most hospitality studies have focused on the traits of celebrity endorsers, little attention has been paid to the impact of consumers' characteristics on celebrity endorsement. This study advances the growing literature on hospitality celebrity endorsement by providing empirical evidence to delineate the relationship among celebrities, endorsed brands and consumers.

TOURISM MARKET IN THE WORLD AND IN RUSSIA: MODERN STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS

Tourism plays a significant role in the GDP, job creation, and employment in many countries. According to the statistics of the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) and Oxford Economics, there was a rapid recovery in the tourism sector in 2022, with its contribution to the global GDP increasing by 22% on an annual basis, reaching $7.7 trillion US dollars. There is a direct link between the trends in the development of the tourism industry and overall economic, technical, and social achievements. In recent years, the structure of tourist flows to the Russian Federation has changed significantly due to geopolitical and socio-economic factors.
 The aim of this research is to analyze the development of tourism in the post-pandemic period, taking into account the impact of international sanctions against Russia and restrictions on the travel of Russian citizens abroad.
 The objects of the study were tourist flows, their structure and dynamics, as well as a quantitative assessment of the entities and actors associated with tourism activities.
 This work is based on the authors’ own research and data provided by state statistics. Statistical methods and methods of general scientific research, including observation, data collection, and comparison of two or more objects to identify common and distinctive features, were used for analysis.
 Results. The paper presents economic indicators of the hospitality industry’s development, analyzes statistical indicators of the hospitality market for the years 2018-2022 and their structure. Problems and current trends in the development of the tourism and hotel markets in the Russian Federation are identified.
 Application of results. The results can be applied in the scientific and practical activities of regional authorities in addressing issues related to the development of international and domestic tourism.

Efektivitas Media Sosial dalam Pemasaran Digital Rumah Sakit: Literature Review

The development of technology is currently developing rapidly. This also has an impact on the health sector. Every hospital is required to be able to make innovations, especially in marketing in the digital era. Social media is a powerful instrument in the current millennial era and since 2021 there are 4.66 billion internet users in the world or 59.5% of the population and social media users totaling 4.20 billion or 53.6% of the population. According to We Are Social, it states that the use of social media in Southeast Asia is ranked 6th and is 69% of internet users per country, indicating that internet user data in Indonesia since 2021 is 202.6 million people or 73.3% of the total population. Indonesia's population is 274.9 million people. The purpose is to review the effectiveness of social media in digital marketing in hospitals. The method uses a literature review approach from the "Scopus", "Pubmed" and "Google Scholar" databases with English keywords using the keywords "Social Media Effectiveness", 'Digital Marketing", and "Hospital" and in Indonesian using " Social Media Effectiveness”, 'Digital Marketing” and “Hospital” conducted in 2019-2023. The database search results obtained a total of 1235 articles through predetermined search terms, which consisted of Scopus = 632, Pubmed = 103, Scholar = 500. From these articles were filtered into 7 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The most used platforms are Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Whatsapp and Snapchat.Social media is a digital marketing and promotional media that is currently quite effective in reaching patients globally.

College sport, events tourism and the demand for short-term rentals

ABSTRACT Using a central place theory approach, this study investigates the demand for short-term rental units and how it is impacted by external sport-related events (college football, university events, and holidays), location, and the characteristics of the units. Using an extensive database of 1,852 units and their daily availability in Ann Arbor, Michigan, findings of the main model and two robustness models support the relevancy of central place theory to sport tourism and reveals from an externalities perspective just how dependent the city’s hospitality and tourism industry is on the university, and particularly the scheduling of events including American football games. The findings provide detailed results for short-term rental bookings based on unit characteristics, dates, and external factors. This study reveals the impact a sport organization has on the local hospitality market that should be further examined in other towns and cities debating the future of hospitality industry and the relationship between sport and tourism.

Measuring Active Purchasing in Healthcare: Analysing Reallocations of Funds Between Providers to Evaluate Purchasing Systems Performance in the Netherlands.

Purchasing systems aim to improve resource allocation in healthcare markets. The Netherlands is characterized by four different purchasing systems: managed competition in the hospital market, a non-competitive single payer system for long-term care (LTC), municipal procurement for home care and social services, and self-procurement via personal budgets. We hypothesize that managed competition and competitive payer reforms boost reallocations of provider market share by means of active purchasing, ie, redistributing funds from high-quality providers to low-quality providers. We define a Market Activity Index (MAI) as the sum of funds reallocated between providers annually. Provider expenditures are extracted from provider financial statements between 2006 and 2019. We compare MAI in six healthcare sectors under four different purchasing systems, adjusting for reforms, and market entry/exit. Next, we perform in-depth analyses on the hospital market. Using multivariate linear regressions, we relate reallocations to selective contracting, provider quality, and market characteristics. No difference was found between reallocations in the hospital care market under managed competition and the non-competitive single payer LTC (MAI between 2% and 3%), while MAI was markedly higher under procurement by municipalities and personal budget holders (between 5% and 15%). While competitive reforms temporarily increased MAI, no structural effects were found. Relatively low hospital MAI could not be explained by market characteristics. Furthermore, the extent of selective contracting or hospital quality differences had no significant effects on reallocations of funds. Dutch managed competition and competitive purchaser reforms had no discernible effect on reallocations of funds between providers. This casts doubt on the mechanisms advocated by managed competition and active purchasing to improve allocative efficiency.

Traditional food products on the local market - consumption conditional on the characteristics of management and restaurant facilities in tourism of Vojvodina (Serbia)

The research dealt with traditional food products (TFP) observed on the local hospitality-touristic market, from the point of view of 300 restaurant workers employed in managerial positions, as important subjects in preservation of tradition in hospitality and touristic industry of Vojvodina (Republic of Serbia). The research examined the management’s views on TFP, as well as whether there are differences based on the features of the respondents as well as the restaurant facility. In order to obtain data that would provide additional guidelines for acting on the hospitality and tourism market, the procurement and consumption of TFP was also examined. In order to determine set differences the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test was applied. In order to establish statistically significant differences between the observed groups, the Dunn’s post hoc test was applied. In the second part of the research, a binary logistic regression model was applied in order to determine which of the observed variables has a significant impact on the respondents’ decision to acquire TFP from their field. The research showed that the level of education and the field of management education significantly influence the attitudes about the offer of TFP in the hospitality and tourism market, as well as the type of restaurant offer and the development of the field of business.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan tentang Customer Relationship Manajemen (CRM) Tim Pemasaran Rumah Sakit PKU Muhammadiyah Sukoharjo

PKU Muhammadiyah Sukoharjo Hospital is a type C hospital that is currently developing offering health services with target service coverage in Sukoharjo Regency. Currently, the marketing team at PKU Muhammadiyah Sukoharjo Hospital is starting to pioneer the development of marketing efforts which are expected to increase patient visits. High competition between hospitals is one of the factors that patient visits at PKU Muhammadiyah Sukoharjo Hospital tend to fluctuate. The marketing team's lack of knowledge regarding marketing strategies and the large number of job desks for each marketing member result in less than optimal marketing efforts. Solutions offered through this Community Service activity (1) Providing education related to Customer Relationship Management (CRM) (2) Providing education related to Customer Relationship Management (CRM) methods (3) Customer Relationship Management (CRM) training that combines processes, people and technology Methods used: (1) Increasing the marketing team's knowledge regarding Customer Relationship Management (CRM) to increase the number of patient visits; (2) Increasing the marketing team's skills in implementing Customer Relationship Management (CRM) methods (3) Increasing and developing strategies to generate users. interface for collecting customer data. The output of this activity is (1) Publication of service results in the Community Service Journal "Surya Abdimas"; (2) Videos of PkM activities which can be accessed online; (3) Increased knowledge of the Hospital Marketing team through Customer Relationship Management (CRM); (4) Integration of the results of PkM activities in the Hospital Marketing Management course; (6) Increasing students' skills in applying Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in the Hospital Marketing Management course. The activity was carried out at the PKU Muhammadiyah Sukoharjo Hospital with 16 participants consisting of the IT Team, Marketing Team and Hospital Public Relations. To find out the comparison of participants' knowledge results regarding Customer Relationship Management (CRM) methods, we carried out Pre Test and Post Test activities.

Pentingnya Penerapan Strategik Manajemen Di Rumah Sakit: Kajian Teoritis

Hospital service institutions should understand how appropriate strategic management is to make their business stronger. This is important so that the process of making every decision is in accordance with the hospital's vision and mission. Strategic management provides overall direction for a company and is closely related to the field of organizational behavior. Current strategic management must provide a basic foundation or guideline for decision making within an agency. The aim of this theoretical study is to find out how important strategic management is in hospitals. The research method used is descriptive theoretical study, namely a method that discusses several possibilities for solving actual problems by collecting data, compiling or classifying it, analyzing and interpreting it with existing theories and comparing it from literature sources. The results of the study show that the importance of strategic management in hospitals is to design basic finances, plan forecasts, plan external strategies, and strategic management in hospital marketing. It can be concluded that strategic management requires leadership skills that are able to make major decisions, overcome existing obstacles or problems, and take full advantage of opportunities. In Hospital Agencies, strategic management is carried out continuously, meaning it is sustainable by evaluating and also controlling internal business, conducting competitor analysis, and establishing strategies to be able to compete with other hospitals and have excellent programs that can improve service quality and patient satisfaction. For hospital agencies, it should be able to be applied by all management and service parties so that they can face competition and show the excellence of the hospital and improve service quality.

Assessing the impact of hospital marketing in attracting the patient for service consumption in tertiary care hospital in central India.

Background: Hospital service is a field that is constantly changing, with the availability of creativity, opportunities motivating passion, and allowing experts to thrive. Healthcare marketing is a scientific discipline since it uses concepts, plans, and methods that are exclusive to both conventional and social marketing. The importance of this study is to build up the bridge and relationship between the hospital and the patient. To introduce the healthcare services to the patient to let them know what services the hospital provides and what advantages they will receive for their health betterment. With the help of this study, we can track the flow of the patient from which median they are coming, for example, traditional marketing or digital marketing. This study will promote and analyse where the marketing strategies are lacking and where they need to be improved with the help of recommendations of this study. The objectives of this study to bridge the gap by providing the corrective information and developing the relationship between patient and hospital, to create a leadership position and differentiate from competitors. Methods: A retrospective study approach will be adopted in the study. It includes a collection of data and information direct from the marketing department. Study will be conducted in the tertiary care hospital of central India. Secondary type of data will be collected from the Hospital Management Information system. Expected Result: The expected result of the study will be to bridge the gap by providing the corrective information and developing the relationship between patient and hospital, to create a leadership position and differentiate from competitors to know where the institute is standing in the market.

Analyzing review studies of the recent development in hospitality

PurposeThis study aims to analyze review research in hospitality, identifying the structure and most recent developments in current hospitality review studies while providing exploratory insights for future research in this research area.Design/methodology/approachUsing bibliometric analysis, content analysis and a quantitative systematic literature review, this study provides a comprehensive review and critical analysis of 128 review studies published in leading hospitality journals (International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, International Journal of Hospitality Management and Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management).FindingsThis paper presents a comprehensive and in-depth discussion based on the title, journal source, author contribution, year of publication, sample size, selected period, database selection, methodology, data collection methods, themes, regional selection, keywords, abstracts and results of the hospitality review studies analyzed. The findings provide new insights to advance the theoretical and practical implications of review studies in hospitality.Research limitations/implicationsThis research provides critical insights for both hospitality review studies and academic and industry hospitality personnel.Originality/valueAs a pioneering study in research on review studies, the results of this paper focus not only on a systematic overview and assessment of recent hospitality review works but also on the future agenda of hospitality and review studies.

Artificial intelligence research in hospitality: a state-of-the-art review and future directions

Purpose The purpose of this study is to analyze state-of-the-art knowledge of artificial intelligence (AI) research in hospitality. Design/methodology/approach This study adopts the theory-context-methods framework to systematically review 100 AI-related articles recently published (i.e. from 2021 to April 2023) in three top-tier hospitality journals, namely, the International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, International Journal of Hospitality Management and Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management. Findings Findings suggest that studies of AI applications in hospitality are mostly theory-driven, whereas most AI methods research adopts a data-driven approach. State-of-the-art AI applications research exhibits the most interest in service robots. In AI methods research, little attention was paid to the amid-service/experience. Research limitations/implications This study reveals inadequacies in theory, context and methods in contemporary AI research. More research from hospitality suppliers’ perspectives and research on generative AI applications are advocated in response to the unveiled research gaps and recent AI developments. Originality/value This study classifies the most recent AI research in hospitality into two main streams – AI applications research and AI methods research – and discusses the gaps in each research stream and latest AI developments. The paper then suggests future research directions to guide researchers in advancing AI research in hospitality.

Outcomes for High-Risk Surgical Procedures Across High- and Low-Competition Hospital Markets

Maintaining competition among hospitals is increasingly seen as important to achieving high-quality outcomes. Whether or not there is an association between hospital market competition and outcomes after high-risk surgery is unknown. To evaluate whether there is an association between hospital market competition and outcomes after high-risk surgery. We performed a retrospective study of Medicare beneficiaries who received care in US hospitals. Participants were 65 years and older who electively underwent 1 of 10 high-risk surgical procedures from 2015 to 2018: carotid endarterectomy, mitral valve repair, open aortic aneurysm repair, lung resection, esophagectomy, pancreatectomy, rectal resection, hip replacement, knee replacement, and bariatric surgery. Hospitals were categorized into high-competition and low-competition markets based on the hospital market Herfindahl-Hirschman index. Comparisons of 30-day mortality and 30-day readmissions were risk-adjusted using a multivariate logistic regression model adjusting for patient factors (age, sex, comorbidities, and dual eligibility), year of procedure, and hospital characteristics (nurse ratio and teaching status). Data were analyzed from May 2022 to March 2023. Thirty-day postoperative mortality and readmissions. A total of 2 242 438 Medicare beneficiaries were included in the study. The mean (SD) age of the cohort was 74.1 (6.4) years, 1 328 946 were women (59.3%), and 913 492 were men (40.7%). When examined by procedure, compared with low-competition hospitals, high-competition market hospitals demonstrated higher 30-day mortality for 2 of 10 procedures (mitral valve repair: odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% CI, 1.07-1.14; and carotid endarterectomy: OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.03-1.09) and no difference for 5 of 10 procedures (open aortic aneurysm repair, bariatric surgery, esophagectomy, knee replacement, and hip replacement; ranging from OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.94-1.00, for hip replacement to OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.94-1.26, for bariatric surgery). High-competition hospitals also demonstrated 30-day readmissions that were higher for 5 of 10 procedures (open aortic aneurysm repair, knee replacement, mitral valve repair, rectal resection, and carotid endarterectomy; ranging from OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02, for knee replacement to OR, 1.05; 95% CI, 1.02-1.08, for rectal resection) and no difference for 3 procedures (bariatric surgery: OR, 1.03; 95% CI, 0.99-1.07; esophagectomy: OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.99-1.06; and pancreatectomy: OR, 1.00; 95% CI, 0.99-1.01). Hospitals in high-competition compared with low-competition markets cared for patients who were older (mean [SD] age of 74.4 [6.6] years vs 74.0 [6.2] years, respectively; P < .001), were more likely to be racial and ethnic minority individuals (77 322/450 404 [17.3%] vs 23 328/444 900 [5.6%], respectively; P < .001), and had more comorbidities (≥2 Elixhauser comorbidities, 302 415/450 404 [67.1%] vs 284 355/444 900 [63.9%], respectively; P < .001). This study found that hospital market competition was not consistently associated with improved outcomes after high-risk surgery. Efforts to maintain hospital market competition may not achieve better postoperative outcomes.

Practice Barriers for Nurse Practitioners in Rural Hospitals

Nurse practitioners (NPs) are regarded as part of the primary healthcare professional team in rural hospitals, which often faced difficulties in hiring doctors. Only a few studies have been conducted that assess the barriers to practice for NPs in rural hospitals in Taiwan. This study was designed to explore the barriers of practice for NPs working in rural hospitals. A qualitative research approach was used in this study, and participants were recruited using purposive sampling. Data on barriers to clinical practice were collected using face-to-face, in-depth interviews. A total of 10 NPs participated in this study. The three barriers identified were patient safety concerns, the impact of limited medical resources and the demands and heavy workload on NPs, and the difficulties of balancing the interests of profit-oriented hospitals and patients' personal medical insurance rights. To reduce barriers to practice, NPs require additional training from the government to strengthen their clinical knowledge and skills. In addition, when facing insufficient support from the Department of Health, these NPs may leverage online hospital marketing and crowdfunding platforms to obtain necessary software/hardware resources for their rural hospitals. If universal health insurance and personal medical insurance are misused within a hospital, NPs should have the moral courage to speak up and should be provided with adequate protection under rules and regulations that allow them to report cheating, illegal behaviors, and other activities that waste / misdirect healthcare resources.

Hospitality Marketing and Branding for Hotels and Restaurants: Strategies for Success

This study delves into the intricate realm of hospitality marketing and branding, unveiling a tapestry of strategies that blend creativity, technology, and guest-centered approaches. Through a mixed-methods approach involving qualitative interviews and quantitative surveys, this research uncovers the power of crafting compelling brand narratives, integrating digital platforms seamlessly, curating immersive guest experiences, and embracing sustainable and ethical branding. The findings underscore the symbiotic relationship between marketing ingenuity and brand essence, offering insights for practitioners, marketers, scholars, and stakeholders. As the hospitality landscape evolves, these strategies serve as a compass, guiding the harmonious fusion of creativity, technology, and authentic guest engagement—an art form that embodies the heart and soul of successful hospitality endeavors

Artificial intelligence’s impact on hospitality and tourism marketing: exploring key themes and addressing challenges

ABSTRACT Understanding how Artificial Intelligence (AI) impacts organizational functions supports stakeholders to prepare accordingly and profit from these developments. Adopting a grounded theory approach, this study uses three interlinked stages (in-depth interviews, focus groups and a questionnaire-based survey) to explore the impact of AI on the marketing function of hotels. The results identify ten trends related to AI’s contribution to hotel marketing, clustered in four themes. AI reengineers internal processes and procedures by enabling data and content as catalysts of competitiveness; empowering the augmented worker and performing mass personalization and customization. AI also impacts relationships with stakeholders by determining return on investment; improving sustainability; and governing legal aspects and ethics regarding data use. AI supports networks to which the organizations belong by concentrating and integrating organizations and transforming distribution models. AI transforms customer processes and services by engaging smart and predictive customer care and by employing predictive and augmented product and service design. The study illustrates the changes that AI will likely bring to hospitality and tourism marketing, developing a research agenda and raising discussion points for academic and industry practitioners respectively.