Hospital Library Research Articles

P065: The history of emergency medicine in Ottawa

Introduction/Innovation Concept: There is a paucity of peer-reviewed works investigating the History of Emergency Medicine (EM) in Canada, and none examining a single centre. This study analyzed the academic and clinical evolution of EM in the City of Ottawa from its origins to present. Methods: The study comprised primary and secondary historical research and an oral history methodology. A literature review was performed on the following databases: PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, JSTOR, Web of Science, Historical Abstracts; five medical history journals were also searched. Data were collected from City of Ottawa Archives, Archives of the Sisters of Charity of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital Libraries, University of Ottawa Libraries, RCPSC and CFPC Archives, Historical Society of Ottawa documents, Ottawa newspaper archives, and professional correspondences. The oral history component consisted of formal interviews with seven practicing and retired Emergency Physicians in Ottawa. Ethics approval was not required though consent was obtained from respondents. Curriculum, Tool, or Material: The literature review yielded the following: PubMed: 218 results, 180 excluded for non-relevance, 3 papers included in analysis. Historical Abstracts: 1 result, overlap with PubMed. Other databases and medical history journals yielded no papers. Along with extensive archival data, these results were used to construct a detailed timeline of EM history in Ottawa and Canada more broadly. Residency training in EM in Ottawa was initiated in 1972 at the impetus of the Board of the Ottawa Civic Hospital. Two main themes recurred in the interviews: resistance from existing specialties to EM becoming a specialty, and early Emergency Rooms staffed by the least trained people treating the least differentiated patients. Early EM physicians were not viewed positively by other specialists. Conclusion: Pioneering EM physicians were forced to validate the specialty as distinct, rigorous, and credible. In Ottawa this was achieved by developing strong core academics and research. Nationally, this has been instrumental in establishing EM as a viable standalone academic specialty. Modern consult pushback may have evolved from existing specialists fighting against the creation of EM combined with their negative perception of EM physicians. These data could be incorporated into learning modules for EM residency academic programs, and the methods applied to other centres.

Textbook of Radiology Physics, First Edition. Editors: HariqbalSingh, AmolSasane and RoshanLodha, Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd, New Delhi, India, 2016. Paperback 176 pp. Price: $40.00. ISBN 9789385891304.

This hardcover volume is the first edition textbook on radiology physics. It is composed of 25 chapters, starting with a general description about electromagnetic radiation, X-ray production and radiation protection. Then, it continues with topics on specific imaging modalities, such as, ultrasound, magnetic resonance, computed tomography (CT), mammography, positron emission tomography (PET), and single photon emission tomography (SPECT). The next few chapters address the issue of picture archiving and communication systems, contrast media used in CT, and artifacts. There is also a chapter on the planning of a radiology department. At the beginning of the textbook, you will find eight colorful plates of images and figures that are referenced throughout different sections of the book. The textbook provides a brief and simple description of various imaging systems. It is most suitable for residents who wish to perform adequately on examinations without taking the extra effort to understand the fundamental physics principles related to each modality. Since the textbook is written by physicians, it is ideal for radiology residents and technical staff working in imaging departments. It is also idyllic for medical colleges and various medical and hospital libraries. The book is probably not as detailed as some medical physicists in training would prefer, but it could be a good base for the initial understanding of the imaging chain. The 149 pages of the textbook begin with introducing the book contributors. There are 19 contributors in all. After a small preface and the acknowledgments section, the reader is introduced to the table of contents consisting of 25 chapters and a five page index. Although each chapter contains a substantial number of black and white figures and images, the reader can also revisit the eight plates of colored images, which follows the table of contents. Although not strictly necessary, a few references could have been added at the end of every chapter to facilitate further literature for the reader to review. This textbook provides a simple and concise description of the radiological physics of X-rays. It includes the essential information needed to understand how images are created, aspects that impact image quality, and factors that affect radiation risks and protection. Virginia Tsapaki is the Head of the medical physics department in Konstantopoulio General Hospital of Athens, Greece. She has been an IAEA expert in Medical Imaging Physics for over 10 years, IOMP Secretary General and EFOMP Chair of Projects Committee. She is currently the President of Hellenic Association of Medical Physicists (3rd term).

A Study of the Impact of an Educational Intervention on Nurse Attitudes and Behaviours toward Mobile Device Use in Hospital Settings

Introduction: Mobile applications (apps) provide nurses with evidence-based information at the bedside. Librarians encourage app use by purchasing licenses and promoting their features. While many high-quality nursing apps exist, there is inconsistency in published reports on whether nurses use them in patient care. The aim of this research is to describe the use of mobile apps by nurses at two urban hospitals and to examine the impact of educational sessions led by hospital librarians and educators on nurse usage, attitudes and behaviour as they relate to mobile apps.Methods: Phase I consisted of a descriptive, cross-sectional survey of in-patient nurses to determine mobile app use and attitudes. Phase II involved a one-group pre/post-test design to examine the impact of education sessions led by librarians and hospital educators on nurse attitudes, usage and behaviours. A post-intervention focus group captured thoughts on using mobile apps at the bedside.Results: Results indicate that most nurses who have a personal mobile device are interested in using them at the bedside though few are currently doing so. While nurses cite many conveniences and uses, they also highlight a number of barriers associated with using mobile devices that must be addressed in order to realize the benefits in patient-centred care.Discussion: Hospital librarians and educators should work together to provide the education and support nurses require to realize the benefits of using apps at the bedside. Larger studies are needed to determine the impact of educational sessions on patient and health provider satisfaction with mobile device use.

Authorship Trends of Research Articles Published in Seven Scientific, Technical, Engineering, and Medical (STEM) Library Journals: Analysis of STEM Library Research from 2011–2015

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to examine the authorship patterns of research articles published in seven Scientific, Technical, Engineering, and Medical (STEM) library science journals. The following journals—Science & Technology Libraries, Issues in Science & Technology Librarianship, Journal of eScience Librarianship, Journal of Hospital Librarianship, Journal of the Medical Library Association, Medical Reference Services Quarterly, and Health Information and Libraries Journal—were studied by using bibliometric techniques for the five years from 2011 through 2015. Some of the variables we have examined include (1) authorship, (2) affiliation, (3) country of origin, and (4) topic of the research articles. The findings presented a unique opportunity to determine the current state of art in STEM librarianship research by using the data gathered from seven prominent STEM library science journals.

Creating a web-based digital photographic archive: one hospital library's experience.

BackgroundCedars-Sinai Medical Center is a nonprofit community hospital based in Los Angeles. Its history spans over 100 years, and its growth and development from the merging of 2 Jewish hospitals, Mount Sinai and Cedars of Lebanon, is also part of the history of Los Angeles. The medical library collects and maintains the hospital’s photographic archive, to which retiring physicians, nurses, and an active Community Relations Department have donated photographs over the years. The collection was growing rapidly, it was impossible to display all the materials, and much of the collection was inaccessible to patrons.Case PresentationThe authors decided to make the photographic collection more accessible to medical staff and researchers by purchasing a web-based digital archival package, Omeka. We decided what material should be digitized by analyzing archival reference requests and considering the institution’s plan to create a Timeline Wall documenting and celebrating the history of Cedars-Sinai.ConclusionWithin 8 months, we digitized and indexed over 500 photographs. The digital archive now allows patrons and researchers to access the history of the hospital and enables the library to process archival references more efficiently.

Étienne Destot (1864–1918) ou l’autre père de la radiologie française

Étienne Destot is a French physician from Burgundy who benefited, during his studies in Lyon, from the quality of teaching of the best specialists of the time: Augagneur for hygiene, Testut for anatomy, Ollier for surgery, Lépine for the medical applications of electricity and the Lumière brothers for the technological development. During its experiments, he met Despeignes, the first radiation oncologist, Regaud pioneer of radiobiology and Bouchacourt who pointed out individual radiosensitivity. Less than two months after the X-rays discovery by Roentgen, he produced one of the first French radiographic views that were at the origin of our current knowledge in bone and cartilage anatomy and traumatology. He funded the first department of radiology in France in a former library of the major hospital of Lyon, where he made a number of original advances. It appears obvious that, while Antoine Beclère was the great organizer of the French radiology, Destot was its pathfinder. Destot was at the origin of several technological advances that gave stereoscopy, internal organs imaging and quantification of the heart-thorax ratio. By contrast, he was not convinced of the therapeutic properties of X-rays even if he contributed to the technological development of X-ray tubes. Victim of radiations, exhausted, Destot died on December 1918, by helping the Great War victims. His name is written in a war tribute monument in Arc-et-Senans (Burgundy).

Supporting the library and information needs of UWE health and social care students on placement.

The aim of this research was to explore the library and information needs of health and social care students whilst on placement. Both desk and primary research were conducted and included an online questionnaire to students and semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire was completed by 252 students from a variety of programmes, equivalent to a 10% response rate. The results indicate a wide range of factors impacting on the library and information experiences of students. Whilst differences in the availability of a physical library in hospital or community locations still exist, these are mitigated by technology and a preference for home study. A significant result is that 77% (n=193) of students on placement study at home, using a variety of Internet-connected devices. This highlights a marked change in practice and underlines the need for mobile-compliant e-resources and accessible at-a-distance services. As a result of this research, practical recommendations on how library support can be improved were developed including enhanced collaboration and learning with NHS colleagues, and knowledge sharing with other departments within the University who support our students.

74: HOW CLINICAL LIBRARIAN ACTS IN EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE? A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

Background and aims:The rapid growth and specialization in Medical Sciences increase the volume of information and therefore make physician problems and difficulty to access reliable information. Physicians can`t decide only...

つながれインフォプロ 第32回 近畿病院図書室協議会の取り組み

つながれインフォプロ 第32回 近畿病院図書室協議会の取り組み

A Friend In Hope: a Story About Hope's Journey with a Brain Tumour by M. Zammit & E. Dornbusch

A Friend In Hope: a Story About Hope's Journey with a Brain Tumour by M. Zammit & E. Dornbusch

Creating a library holding group: an approach to large system integration

Purpose: Faced with resource constraints, many hospital libraries have considered joint operations. This case study describes how Providence Health & Services created a single group to provide library services.Methods: Using a holding group model, staff worked to unify more than 6,100 nonlibrary subscriptions and 14 internal library sites.Results: Our library services grew by unifying 2,138 nonlibrary subscriptions and 11 library sites and hiring more library staff. We expanded access to 26,018 more patrons.Conclusions: A model with built-in flexibility allowed successful library expansion. Although challenges remain, this success points to a viable model of unified operations.

Evaluating Patient Education Materials for Grade Level

ABSTRACTPatients are often given patient education documents to take home with them when they leave the hospital. It is important that these documents be at an appropriate grade level since some patients have low health literacy and may be unable to read the materials given to them. Evaluators can use readability tools to assess their patient education materials and make sure they are at a sixth- to eighth-grade reading level. The hospital librarian can play a large role in identifying the grade level of patient education materials.

Health Literacy's Influence on Consumer Libraries

ABSTRACTHealth literacy has been redefined in recent years to move beyond an individual’s own communication skills to include the skills of persons working within health care organizations, including librarians. Provision of consumer health services and resources, while a long-standing practice in hospital libraries, has also been redefined. As definitions of health literacy have evolved, so too have hospital librarian services as they embrace their role within health literacy. Many hospital medical and consumer health librarians have developed programs, services, and collaborations to further health literacy awareness, education, and initiatives for consumers, health care professionals, and their parent organizations.

Successful Collaboration of Hospital Libraries and Schwartz Center Rounds

ABSTRACTMedical librarians have felt a need to prove the relevance of hospital libraries in an increasingly digital world and have endeavored to demonstrate the advantages of their service to patrons by joining in new collaborations. Adapting to new technologies and trying new forms of outreach have been successful innovations for medical libraries involved in partnerships active in three hospitals working with the Schwartz Center Rounds program. A contemporary focus on increasing compassion in all aspects of healthcare has been the basis of enthusiastic acceptance of supplementary resources and information provided by hospital librarians to assist clinical teams and co-workers in discussions about difficult challenges in healthcare.

Status of Medical Library Resources and Services in Teaching Hospitals in Enugu State, Nigeria: implications for quality health care services

Considering the need for quality health information and resultant health care services in any society, this study was carried out to look into the status of library and information resources and services provided by medical libraries in Enugu State, Nigeria. The main objective of the study was to find out the information resources and services available for medical library users towards quality health care provision. Five (5) medical libraries of major teaching hospitals were used for the study with 980 registered users as the study population from where 245 users were sampled. Observation checklist was used to collect data on resources while questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents on the services provided. The Medical Library Association Standard guided the analysis of data from observation while frequency counts and mean scores were used to analyze data from the questionnaire. Major findings showed that even though some of the required resources and services are available and provided the medical libraries, most of the required resources and services are not adequately provided by these libraries. URL: http://ijkcdt.net/xml/10970/10970.pdf

Comparing the Australian national health system with the Vietnamese national health system from the perspective of future challenges

Background: Performance of a health system can be accessed using the primary goals of responsiveness to the expectation of the population, financial contribution fairness and good health. Results depend fundamentally on how well systems carry out four vital functions: financing, resource generation, stewardship, and service provision. Aim: To analyse and compare the Australian national health system with the Vietnamese national health system from the perspective of future challenges such as chronic disease, advancing information technologies and expenditure. To discuss the implications for health policy considering social, environmental and economic factors for each country. Method: A systematic literature search was undertaken using the literature databases Medline OVID, Embase and PubMed, accessed through the Southern Cross University (SCU) and The Royal Melbourne Hospital library websites. Key terms: ‘Australian healthcare system’, 'Vietnam Healthcare system', 'National health system’, were identified. When broadened, other key terms were used in database to optimize the search strategies. The search was restricted to English articles published between 1949 to the present. Reference reading list and online weekly content from SCU discussion forum, when combined with the results of the literature search, provided robust resources to compare Australia’s national health system with Vietnam’s health system from the perspective of future challenges. Conclusion: Performance of health systems has been a major concern of policy makers for many years. Health systems cannot afford to only focus on improving people’s health alone but also protecting them against the burden of financial costs of illness. The challenge facing policy makers of low income countries, such as Vietnam, is to reduce out-of-pocket payment for health by developing prepayment schemes, which is intended to expand financial risk and reduce the spectre of on-going health payments.

The comparison of printed resources bacterial contamination in libraries of Al-Zahra Hospital and Sciences Faculty of Isfahan University and the determination of their antibiotic sensitivity pattern.

Introduction:During the library loan process, the printed resources can be a carrier of pathogenic bacteria. In this study, it was tried to compare the Bacterial Contamination Rates and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern in printed resources of a hospital and a non-hospital library.Methods:This is a cross-sectional study. Returning books from the Al-Zahra hospital library and library of Sciences faculty of Isfahan University provides the research community. The sample size, 96 cases, was calculated using quota sampling. For sampling sterile swab dipped in trypticase soy broth medium and transfer trypticase soy broth medium were used. To identify different type of isolated bacteria from Gram-staining test and biochemical tests such as; TSI, IMViC and etc., were used.Results:76 (79.2%) and 20 (20.8%) of cultured samples were negative and positive, the respectively. Of 20 positive samples, 11 samples (55%) belong to the family Enterobacteriaceae that after detecting by Differential teste identified all 11 samples of Enterobacter that all of them were sensitive to Gentamicin and Ofloxacin. Also the most resistance to Nitrofurantoin and Amikacin was observed. 9 cases remained (45%) were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus that all of them were sensitive to the Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and Cephalexin antibiotics also the most resistance to Cefixime was observed.Conclusion:Considering that the Enterobacter sp and coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were separated from the books, the books as well as other hospital and medical equipment can transmit the infection to librarians, library users, patients and hospital staff, and also it can produce serious infections in patients with immune deficiency.

Identifying and Classifying User Typologies Within a United Kingdom Hospital Library Setting: A Case Study

Objective – To identify available health library user typology classifications and, if none were suitable, to create our own classification system. This is to inform effective future library user engagement and service development due to changes in working styles, information sources and technology.
 
 Methods – No relevant existing user typology classification systems were identified; therefore, we were required to create our own typology classification system. The team used mixed methods research, which included literature analysis, mass observation, visualization tools, and anthropological research. In this case study, we mapped data across eleven library sites within NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Library Network, a United Kingdom (U.K.) hospital library service.
 
 Results – The findings from each of the NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde Library Network’s eleven library sites resulted in six user typology categories: e-Ninjas, Social Scholars, Peace Seekers, Classic Clickers, Page Turners and Knowledge Tappers.
 
 Each physical library site has different profiles for each user typology. The predominant typology across the whole service is the e-Ninjas (28%) with typology characteristics of being technically shrewd, IT literate and agile – using the library space as a touch down base for learning and working.
 
 Conclusions – We identified six distinct user types who utilize hospital library services with distinct attributes based on different combinations of library activity and medium of information exchange. The typologies are used to identify the proportional share and specific requirements, within the library, of each user type to provide tailored services and resources to meet their different needs.

A Study on Hospital Librarian’s Recognition of Reader’s Advisory Services: Focused on Korean Hospital Libraries

A Study on Hospital Librarian’s Recognition of Reader’s Advisory Services: Focused on Korean Hospital Libraries

Research engagement of health sciences librarians: a survey of research-related activities and attitudes

Introduction: The extent to which health sciences librarians are engaged in research is a little-studied question. This study assesses the research activities and attitudes of Medical Library Association (MLA) members, including the influence of work affiliation.Methods: An online survey was designed using a combination of multiple-choice and open-ended questions and distributed to MLA members. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics, content analysis, and significance testing. The authors used statistical tools and categorized openended question topics by the constant comparative method, also applying the broad subject categories used in a prior study. Pearson’s chi-square analysis was performed on responses to determine significant differences among respondents employed in three different institutional environments.Results: Analysis showed that 79% of respondents read research articles at least once a month; 58% applied published research studies to practice; 44% had conducted research; 62% reported acting on research had enhanced their libraries; 38% had presented findings; and 34% had authored research articles. Hospital librarians were significantly less likely than academic librarians to have participated in research activities. Highly ranked research benefits, barriers, and competencies of health sciences librarians are described.Conclusions: Findings indicate that health sciences librarians are actively engaged in research activities. Practice implications for practitioners, publishers, and stakeholders are discussed. Results suggest that practitioners can use published research results and results from their own research to affect practice decisions and improve services. Future studies are needed to confirm and extend these findings, including the need for intervention studies to increase research and writing productivity.