Horticulture Farm Research Articles

Running Head: Factors Affecting Market Access for Horticultural Farmers

Access to markets is crucial in enhancing agricultural sales and improving small-scale farmers’ revenue. This study was carried out to determine and analyze the factors that affect small-scale horticultural farmers’ access to domestic markets. The study engaged various producers from the North Central, Kavango, and Zambezi production zones as well as the formal and informal traders from the Central, Karst, North Central, Kavango, and Zambezi trading zones. Moreover, a survey approach was used, where a sample of 30 key and active small-scale producers, 17 formal traders, and 25 informal traders were selected. The data was analysed using Microsoft Excel, and SPSS. Results indicate that about 3 factors that were run in the logic model, age, distance to market and access to information significantly affect the producer’s access to markets. Furthermore, the study found that other factors such as transport cost, compromised quality, inconsistent supply, and lack of cold storage and transport facilities, limit small-scale producers’ participation in the formal markets. Therefore, this study recommends that fruit value chain development should be included in the Crop Value Chain Strategy, to have targeted interventions that will stimulate market access by small-scale horticulture producers in Namibia.

Harmony in Agriculture: Integrating Horticulture and Fish Farming for Sustainability

Harmony in Agriculture: Integrating Horticulture and Fish Farming for Sustainability

Harmony in Agriculture: Integrating Horticulture and Fish Farming for Sustainability

Harmony in Agriculture: Integrating Horticulture and Fish Farming for Sustainability

Agrochemical properties of the soils of intensive apple orchards in Bukhara region

This scientific article presents the agrochemical properties of the soil of small apple trees cultivated on the basis of water and resourceefficient technology of the horticultural farm "Siyovush Agro" LLC located in the territory of Bog'ikalon MFY, Bukhara region, Bukhara district. A complete agrochemical analysis of humus, soil type, anion-cations, dry matter and salt content in the intensive small apple orchards of LLC "Siyovush Agro" farm was carried out on a scientific basis. The existing soils in the territory of Bogikalon MFY differ sharply in terms of their morphological structure properties and characteristics, ultimately, for the purposeful and complete implementation of agrotechnical works such as improving their land reclamation, maintaining and increasing their productivity, the properties and properties of existing irrigated soils, as well as water, physical, nutrient regimes enrichment with new data and indicators is required. It should be noted that the formation of anthropogenic soil due to the accumulation of new alluvial compounds in the soil profile leads to qualitative and quantitative changes in biological processes.

Growth and yield of carrot (Daucus carota L.) as influenced by seed priming

The research work was conducted at the Horticulture Farm of the School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, from October 2021 to February 2022 to examine the influence of seed priming on the growth and yield of carrots in the Punjab region. The experiment was conducted using a two-factorial randomized block design replicated thrice. The first factor consisted of fourteen priming agents (T1- Zinc (ZnSO4 at 1%), T2- GA3 (50 ppm), T3- GA3 (100 ppm), T4- Cinnamon (10%), T5- Cinnamon (15%), T6- Coconut water (5%), T7- Coconut water (12.5%), T8- Panchagavya (3%), T9- Panchagavya (5%), T10- KNO3 (0.5%), T11- KCl (1%), T12- Cow urine (2%), T13- Cow urine (5%), T14- Water) and one control (T15- Unprimed seeds). The second factor comprised two commercial cultivars, namely, V1- Carrot Deep Red and V2- Black Wonder. Results revealed that the application of 100 ppm GA3, Panchagavya (5%), cow urine (2%), and coconut water (5%) as priming agents in carrots had better growth and yield as compared to the remaining treatments. Therefore, priming carrot seeds could be recommended as an effective method to improve the performance of the plants in terms of both growth and yield attributes.

The Networks of Smallholder Organic Horticultural Farmer Organizations and Other Value Chain Actors for Their Change in Two Selected Regions in Tanzania

The Networks of Smallholder Organic Horticultural Farmer Organizations and Other Value Chain Actors for Their Change in Two Selected Regions in Tanzania

To Study the Attitude of Horticultural Farmers Towards the National Horticulture Mission in Krishnagiri District of Tamil Nadu

The study on the attitude of horticultural farmers towards the National Horticulture Mission in Hosur, Shoolagiri and Krishnagiri blocks of Krishnagiri district reveals that nearly half (45.00%) of the respondents in this study strongly agree. Another 20.00% do agree that NHM encourages the farmers to take up proper care of their horticultural crops in the study area. Majority (33.33%) of the respondents in this study and another 20.00% strongly disagree with the procedure for getting the benefits from NHM is complex. About (23.33%) of the respondents and another 20.00 strongly agree and agree that NHM helps the farmers to improve their overall social status in society. It was found that 36.66% strongly disagree and disagree (30.00%) that NHM creates marketing facilities for fruits during the rise in fruit production. The majority (30.00%) disagree and another 23.33% strongly disagree that NHM benefits are unreached to all due to its improper publicity in the study area. About 36.66% of the respondents disagree and another 25.00 % strongly disagree that NHM benefits only the big farmers. One-fourth (25.00 percent) of the respondents and another 18.33% strongly agree and agree in this study that NHM increase hope for small scale fruit processing industries. About 23.3% and another 18.33% of the respondents in this study strongly agree that NHM is a boon for small and marginal farmers in the study area. The findings also reveal that more than half (58.33%) of the respondents disagree and strongly disagree (23.33%) that NHM activities are irrelevant to the needs of small and marginal farmers.

Sustainability levels of horticultural farmers in southern Brazil: an evaluation based on the MESMIS framework

Sustainability levels of horticultural farmers in southern Brazil: an evaluation based on the MESMIS framework

Joint cultivation of sturgeon and tilapia in cages on small rivers (Krasnodar territory)

One of the ways to increase sturgeon aquaculture is the cage cultivation of commercial fish on small rivers of the Krasnodar Territory. The projected cage farm is intended for the cultivation of sturgeon and tilapia in aquaculture. The production program assumes the annual production of up to 6.25 tons of commercial fish weighing 1.2—2 kg of sterlet and at least 160 kg of tilapia, with an individual weight of 250—280 g, from each involved cage. The paper describes the area of the cages, the composition of the cage farm and the technology of growing sturgeon (sterlet) and tilapia. Fish farming calculations (stocking, fish growth, feed, yield of commercial fish) are given. The possibility of placing a garden farm on the Kalaly River of the Novopokrovsky district of the Krasnodar Territory is justified and calculated.

Impact of Seed Priming and Growing Media on Germination and Seedling Growth of Bitter Gourd

Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the suitable growing media and priming treatments for seed germination and seedling growth of bitter gourd (cv. BARI hybrid Korola 2).
 Study Design: The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design (CRD) with sixteen treatments, each containing fifteen seedlings.
 Place and Duration of the Study: The experiment was conducted on Horticulture farm at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University; Dhaka, Bangladesh from March to April 2021.
 Methodology: Four seed priming treatments were used in the experiments: T0: Seed soak in distilled water for 12 h (control), T1:Hot water treatment (450C for 5 min), T2: Poly ethylene glycol (PEG) 6000 (5%), T3: Sodium chloride solution (NaCl) (2%) soak for 12h and four growing media viz.,M0: soil + cow dung (1:1), M1: soil + cow dung + vermicompost (1:1:1), M2: soil + cow dung + sawdust (1:1:1), M3: soil + cow dung + cocopeat (1:1:1).
 Results: The maximum germination percentage (100%), highest shoot (21.00 cm) and root length (12.83 cm), seed vigor index (3383.3) was recorded in T2M3 treatment. However, the maximum photosynthetic pigment (30.31 mg/g), relative water content (96.99%) and shoot (3.53g) and root fresh weight (0.47 g) was found in T2M1 treatment.
 Conclusion: It can be concluded that soil + cow dung + cocopeat (1:1:1) with PEG 6000 (5%) is the best treatment for bitter gourd seed germination, while soil + cow dung + vermicompost (1:1:1) with PEG 6000 (5%) is better for vigor and healthy seedlings.

Effect of combined application of urea and organic manures on soil acidity along with the growth and yield attributes of okra at Lamjung, Nepal

An experiment was conducted in horticulture farm of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Lamjung Campus, Nepal to evaluate the effect of combined application of Urea and Organic manures on soil acidity along with the growth and yield attributes of Okra. The experiment was set up under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) comprising five treatments replicated four times. The various treatments used in the experiment were Cow manure + Urea, Buffalo manure + Urea, Goat manure + Urea, Buffalo manure + Goat manure + Urea and the Untreated Control. The required doses of Nitrogen for the crop were applied through treatments and that of Phosphorous and Potassium was petitioned from Single Super Phosphate (SSP) and Muriate of Potash (MOP), respectively. The quantities of nutrients were put in as recommended by Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC) (i.e., 200:180:60 kg NPK per ha). The effect of Goat manure + Urea was found superior against plant height at 30 DAS (13.52 cm) and 45 DAS (32.15 cm), leaf area throughout the growth stage and in final mean fruit yield (12.33 t/ha). Meanwhile, the impact of Cow manure + Urea was found superior against plant height at 60 DAS (46.67 cm) and in case of reducing soil acidity (Soil pH = 6.75). Eventually, the experiment suggests the farmers to use Goat manure + Urea for desirable Okra production considering soil health and also with the application of Cow manure + Urea in the interval of (2-3) years ensuring the control over soil acidification.

Pesticide Exposure and Increased Liver Enzyme Activity among Suburban Horticultural

Horticultural farmers use chemicals such as pesticides to increase productivity and also product quality. Exposure to pesticides can cause health problems, especially in the liver. A reference for evaluating liver function is blood test results for ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT activity. The objective of this study was to characterize the transaminase enzyme activity in horticultural farmers in the southern ring road area of Jambi city, based on the risk factors associated with pesticide exposure. This study employed a cross-sectional study approach in conjunction with a descriptive method. A total of thirty-four participants were involved, and blood samples were obtained from each for analysis in a lab. A photometer was utilized in the Medical Laboratory Technology department at Health Polytechnic of Jambi to measure the activity of liver enzymes. This study found some respondents who experienced increased enzyme activity, namely ALT: 8 people (23.5%), AST: 3 people (8.8%), ALP: 1 person (2.9%), and GGT: 1 person (2.9%.). Based on the risk description observed, it was known that the intensity of pesticide exposure showed a significant increase only in ALT enzyme activity (p=0.0048), while adherence to mask-wearing increased ALT (p=0.0018) and GGT (p=0.0134). This study discovered that wearing a mask and the amount of pesticide exposure can increase enzyme activity, which may be a sign of liver impairment in the horticultural farmers under observation. It is anticipated that workers will pay greater attention to workplace safety by wearing masks and applying pesticides in the recommended dosages.

INFLUENCE OF BORDEAUX MIXTURE AND CLYBIO ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF INDIAN SPINACH (Basella alba L.)

The experiment was conducted at the Horticultural Farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh, during the period of May to July 2023. The single factor experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications to determine the growth and yield of Indian Spinach (Basella alba L.). The experiment consisted of three treatments, namely: T1: Control; T2: Bordeaux Mixture (three times with ten days interval) and T3: Clybio (three times with ten days interval). Significant variations were observed in all treatments when data pertaining to various growth and yield parameters were collected, where the average tallest plant (187.3 cm), maximum SPAD value (37.9), maximum leaf area (252.6 sq cm), stem diameter (21.4 mm), maximum root weight (39.4 g), highest yield per plant (484.9 g) and highest yield per ha (17.81 ton) were found in (T3: Clybio) application, while the shortest plant (42.8 cm), minimum SPAD value (30.3), minimum leaf area (112.1 sq cm), lowest yield per plant (420.5 g), and lowest yield per ha (15.6 tons) were found in Bordeaux Mixture (T2). On the basis of the whole experiment, it can be concluded that Clybio as a bio-fertilizer, possesses the inherent potential to enhance the growth and yield of Indian spinach, thereby indicating its capacity to exert a positive influence on the overall development and productivity of this leafy green crop.

Response of bio-extract coatings on decay, carotenoid and enzymes activity ofKinnow (<i>Citrus reticulata</i>)

Kinnow is a well-known mandarin grown in Haryana. Edible coatings are useful for controlling ripening by reducing the oxygen penetration into the fruits, thus, reducing metabolic activity and softening of fruits. Present study was carried out during 2019 and 2020 at Horticulture Farm, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana. Kinnow fruits were treated with different bio-extract coatings, viz. Aloe vera extract, til oil, CMC, lac coating, lemongrass oil and commercial coating. The carotene content of the fruits did not differ significantly irrespective of the coatings. Decay loss and activities of pectin methyl esterase and cellulase were minimum resulting in better retention of the firmness in Aloe vera extract coated fruits. Minimum polygalacturonase activity was noticed in commercial coating treated fruits.

Effectiveness of local biopesticides in the control of Diamondback Moth (Plutella xylostella L.) in cabbage production in Zanzibar, Tanzania

This experiment was conducted to determine the effectiveness of different types of local biopesticides to control diamondback moth (DBM) in cabbage production in Zanzibar. The experiment was conducted in horticulture farms at Zanzibar Agricultural Research Institute. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design, with 6 treatments and a control, each of which was replicated 3 times. The following plants were used as biopesticide which are garlic (T1), hot pepper (chilli) (T2), clove (T3), mixture of garlic and pepper (T4), mixture of garlic and clove (T5), synthetic insecticide (T6) and a control (T0). The parameters were evaluated by conducting initial data collection (before treatment) and final data collection (after treatment). The average number of leaves affected by DBM and yield in terms of average mass (kg) of cabbage were recorded. Results showed that T6 was significantly associated with a lowest average number of affected leaves and higher yield followed by T4 and T5. Overall, garlic-treated plots had recorded higher yield compared to the non-garlic treated plots. Therefore, garlic extract as local biopesticide can effectively repel DBM. This study recommends that garlic can be used as an alternative to using synthetic chemicals to control DBM in cabbage crop.

ANALISIS KELAYAKAN FINANSIAL USAHATANI SAYURAN SISTEM HIDROPONIK DI KOTA KUPANG

This research was conducted in the city of Kupang on the St. Hydroponic, Pelangi Hidroponik, J. I. Hydroponic and Alexa Garden farming businesses. The aims of this study were: 1) To know the motives or reasons for farming vegetables with a hydroponic system, 2) To know the management of vegetable farming with a hydroponic system in Kupang City, 3) To know the financial feasibility of vegetable farming with a hydroponic system in Kupang City. The data used in this study uses primary data and secondary data. The research method uses analytical tools: R/C Ratio, Break Even Points (BEP) and Payback Period (PP). Calculating software using Microsoft Excel and a calculator. The results of this study indicate that: 1) based on the results of the research. The motives or reasons for the four hydroponic system vegetable farming in the city of Kupang: for hobbies, to fill spare time, high curiosity and educate the public about consumption of pesticide-free vegetables. 2) based on the results of management research on the management of the four hydroponic system vegetable farming managers in Kupang City, namely: a) planning, b) organizing, c) implementation and, d) supervision. 3) based on the results of the analysis of the financial aspects of hydroponic system vegetable farming in the city of Kupang on St. Hydroponic, Pelangi Hidroponik, J. I. Hydroponic and Alexa Garden farming businesses are feasible to cultivate.

EFFICACY OF SINGLE AND MIXED HERBICIDES ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF CORN (Zea mays L.) PLANTS ON DRY LAND

The Indonesian Government's efforts to enhance Human Resource (HR) quality include ensuring adequate food production, purchasing power, access, and nutritional intake. This study aims to assess the impact of single and mixed herbicides on corn plant growth and yield. Employing a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with eight treatments replicated three times, the research was conducted from February to June 2023 at the Farmer's Gar-den. Results indicated that herbicide treatments, particularly those with atrazine + saflufenacil as the active in-gredients, demonstrated the most favorable effects on plant height at 6 WAP and 8 WAP, the number of leaves at 6 WAP, ear length, ear weight, and dry seed weight per plot. The atrazine + saflufenacil herbicide treatment had the best effect on plant height at 6 WAP and 8 WAP, number of leaves at 6 WAP, ear length, ear weight, and dry seed weight per plot.

The Middle Class and the Land Struggle in Palestine

This article discusses the rise and failure of private horticultural farming by Palestinian leaders and middle-class developers in the Beisan valley in the 1930s. This focus broadens and deepens our understanding of the colonial encounter in Palestine. Although the Palestinian middle class appears prominently in the political narratives of the struggle, this group has been paradoxically deemphasized in the social history of capital and settler accumulation and dispossession. By correcting this bias, the article seeks to develop a more inclusive narrative concerning private property in land in the settler-colonial predicament as a process of double loss: of Indigenous land relations and ecologies, on the one hand, and national life and territory, on the other. To do so, the article privileges an actor-based history, which captures both the development of political and economic practices and traditions, as well as the long and deep effects of governmental structures of dispossession.

PERANCANGAN TROLI PANEN BUNGA POTONG GUNA MEMPERMUDAH PEMINDAHAN DARI KEBUN KE TEMPAT SORTIR BUNGA

The high need of the community to use cutting flowers on various occasions as well as the short harvest period, makes cutting-flower farming very potential to develop. Florikultura is a subsector of horticultural farming. The cultivation of flowers in the region of Cihideung West Bandung is one of the producers of cutting flowers with good productivity, cutting fruit yields have a sufficiently high grade in terms of quality, so it is the trust of merchants as well as lovers of cut flowers, to always buy and buy from the region. The research is aimed at producing ergonomic flower harvester aids that can reduce the risk of injury at work. The research began with the identification of complaints of workers using the Nordic Body Map (NBM), as well as working processes towards production of cut fruit (output) and the level of technical efficiency on enterprises in the crop crop process. The evaluation results are then processed using product design concepts. Data collection techniques are conducted with interviews, as well as factors that have a real influence on productivity and the size of the planted land that influence the quality of the crop and the efficiency of work. Keywords: Design; Flower Cutting; Harvest Assistant; Ergonomic.

Environmental Impact Decision Support Tools for Horticulture Farming: Evaluation of GHG Calculators

Horticulture is essential in the European agricultural sector and fundamental for many EU member states. Decision Support Systems and Tools can play an essential role in a shift to result-based agriculture and evidence-based decision making, improving productivity and environmental performance of farming practices. Investigations have been conducted on horticulture crop and farming impact on the environment and Green House Gas emissions. Despite the availability of a broad spectrum of tools, the use of Decision Support Tools in agriculture in Europe could be much higher. This research aims to analyze and recommend environmental impact Decision Support Tools for small and medium-sized companies to approach, measure, and evaluate horticulture farming. The research methodology includes a systematic review, bibliometric analysis, Multicriteria Decision analysis, and a case study analysis. During the research, multiple tools, including calculators used for an impact assessment of the agricultural sector, were selected. After applying eligibility criteria, an in-depth analysis of eight of the most suitable calculators was performed. The results of the Multicriteria Decision analysis show that the Solagro Carbon Calculator, The Farm Carbon Calculator, and the Cool Farm Tool are recommended in the first place as Green House Gas calculators for farmers.