Horizontal Exchange Research Articles

Water chlorination increases the relative abundance of an antibiotic resistance marker in developing sourdough starters.

Proper development of sourdough starters is critical for making tasty and healthy bread. Although many factors contributing to sourdough development have been studied, the effect of water chlorination on the bacterial communities in sourdough has been largely ignored. Researchers used sequencing techniques to investigate this effect and found that water chlorination at levels commonly found in drinking water systems has a limited impact on the overall bacterial communities developing in sourdough starters. However, they discovered that water chlorination could increase the abundance of integron 1, a genetic mechanism responsible for the horizontal exchange of antibiotic resistance genes in spoilage and pathogenic bacteria. This suggests that water chlorination could favor the growth of key spoilage bacteria and compromise the quality and safety of the bread. These findings emphasize the importance of considering water quality when developing sourdough starters for the best possible bread.

Light Transfers Through a Koch Shape Cloud

AbstractModeling radiative transfer in a 3D cloudy atmosphere is critical to climate projections. A recently developed fast 3D radiation parameterization scheme gains some success in quantifying horizontal radiative transfer through cloud sides using cloud area fraction. Based on 3D Monte Carlo simulations of radiative transfer through an idealized single‐layer cloud with Koch‐shaped fractal geometry edges, here we show that radiative energy transport through cloud sides correlates more significantly with cloud area fraction than with cloud perimeter length. The results exemplify the importance of accounting for the horizontal radiative energy exchanges between cloud‐free and cloudy regions with cloud area fraction. Results from additional sensitivity simulations show that increased cloud vertical extent often enhances cloud‐side sunlight leak more significantly than cloud‐side sunlight interception. At low sun elevations, cloud‐side sunlight interception is enhanced more than cloud‐side sunlight leak does with the increase of cloud mass.

Leaders' political skills and subordinates' service‐oriented organizational citizenship behavior

AbstractTeam‐oriented tasks are inherent in the hospitality industry, requiring leaders to cultivate quality relationships with subordinates and facilitate team‐member interaction to achieve organizational goals. However, there is a lack of understanding of how leaders' political skills shape vertical and horizontal exchange relationships, leading to subordinates' performance. This study investigates the impacts of leader political skill (LPS) on leader–member exchange (LMX), team–member exchange (TMX), and service‐oriented organizational citizenship behavior (SOOCB) in an airline service setting where leaders' relationship‐building skills and influence and members' interpersonal relationship building are essential. To this end, 289 valid questionnaires were collected from flight attendants in South Korea. Results showed that perceived LPS positively affected LMX and TMX. Additionally, LMX and TMX fully mediated the relationship between LPS and SOOCB.

El chile tabiche: memoria, reencuentro y acción comunitaria en Santo Domingo Tomaltepec, Oaxaca, México

Chile tabiche, a cultivariety (variety defined by a cultural context) of the species Capsicum annuum var. annuum L., was consumed in the community of Santo Domingo Tomaltepec in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca until approximately 70 years ago; however, it fell into disuse in recent decades. Through the story of the loss and reencounter of chile tabiche in this community, we reflect on the role of memory in re-establishing networks of use, knowledge, and value. This work is carried out within the context of Cocina Colaboratorio, a project that seeks to strengthen food sovereignty in three communities in Mexico, including Santo Domingo Tomaltepec. In a transdisciplinary way, the collective uses the kitchen table as a metaphor for horizontal exchange, collaboration, and community action. This research ran from the summer of 2021 to the summer of 2022 and materialized through semi-structured conversations and activities designed from art and participatory action research. According to older women in the community, chile tabiche was grown in nearby fields and was an essential ingredient in daily life and celebrations. Our research found that this chili pepper is still produced and consumed in the Sierra Sur of Oaxaca. Thus, we planned a series of events with the community for a reencounter and to be able to share it with women who already knew it and younger generations who had not tried it. This study seeks to highlight the nuances of loss and value, not as something definitive but as a network that can be rewoven in different ways. This contributes to critical discussions on the heritage boom by presenting an example in which memory can be a tool for action and where flavors, practices, and narratives can be reformulated and re-appropriated to reclaim identities.

Every loaf of bread is political – Reflections on collective care responses to Covid-19 in Cape Town

Feminist perspectives on care have demonstrated how capitalism undervalues care work. The Covid-19 pandemic highlighted this further, as systems of production and social reproduction became destabilized globally. In many countries, the formal pandemic response fell short of attending to the daily, fundamental care needs of people living through the crisis, especially those compromised by the socio-economic effects of the pandemic. These needs were often attended to at the community level. This article explores a community-led network of care, known as CANs, that emerged in response to the pandemic in Cape Town. It makes three overarching observations. The first is that community-led responses were characterised by a push towards the collectivisation of care work. The second is that this enabled emergent strategies and relational practices of care, centring notions of solidarity, inter-dependence and horizontal exchange of resources and knowledge. Finally, we observed that, although the devaluation of care work limited the recognition and material support extended to CANs, opportunities to re-politicise care work as resistance work emerged. These represent a prefigurative moment in which alternative logics and strategies can transform the vision of our health and care systems, and the notion of community participation in and ownership of those systems.

Translating team-member exchange relationships to school outcomes: the mediating role of leader-member exchange

PurposeRelying on the principles of the social exchange theory, the current study is aimed at investigating the impact of team-member exchange relationships (TMX) among school management team (SMT) members on school outcomes (organizational citizenship behavior [OCB], job satisfaction and innovation) via the mediating role of leader-member exchange (LMX) relationships between principals and SMTs.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from multiple sources in 86 elementary and junior high schools to avoid one-source bias: 86 principals, 357 SMT members and 683 schoolteachers who were not members of the management teams.FindingsThe results revealed a positive relationship between TMX and teachers' job satisfaction and OCB, but no significant link between TMX and innovation. LMX partially mediated the relationship between TMX and OCB and between TMX and teachers' job satisfaction. Full mediation was found in TMX-innovation relationship.Practical implicationsThe findings carry a message for school principals and policymakers regarding the importance of developing and maintaining high-quality horizontal and vertical exchange relationships among the SMT members for their positive influence on school outcomes.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to examine the link between TMX and LMX as a team phenomenon, and specifically in the educational setting. The finding that there is a positive link between the two constructs may imply that SMTs contribute to school success not only directly by exhibiting high-quality TMX but also indirectly through the high-quality LMX.

Symbiosis, dysbiosis and the impact of horizontal exchange on bacterial microbiomes in higher fungus-gardening ants

Advances in our understanding of symbiotic stability have demonstrated that microorganisms are key to understanding the homeostasis of obligate symbioses. Fungus-gardening ants are excellent model systems for exploring how microorganisms may be involved in symbiotic homeostasis as the host and symbionts are macroscopic and can be easily experimentally manipulated. Their coevolutionary history has been well-studied; examinations of which have depicted broad clade-to-clade specificity between the ants and fungus. Few studies hitherto have addressed the roles of microbiomes in stabilizing these associations. Here, we quantified changes in microbiome structure as a result of experimentally induced horizontal exchange of symbionts. This was done by performing cross-fostering experiments forcing ants to grow novel fungi and comparing known temporally unstable (undergoing dysbiosis) and stable combinations. We found that fungus-gardening ants alter their unstable, novel garden microbiomes into configurations like those found in native gardens. Patterns of dysbiosis/symbiosis appear to be predictable in that two related species with similar specificity patterns also show similar patterns of microbial change, whereas a species with more relaxed specificity does not show such microbiome change or restructuring when growing different fungi. It appears that clade-to-clade specificity patterns are the outcomes of community-level interactions that promote stability or cause symbiotic collapse.

The Potential Harmful Effects of Genetically Engineered Microorganisms (GEMs) on the Intestinal Microbiome and Public Health.

Gut luminal dysbiosis and pathobiosis result in compositional and biodiversified alterations in the microbial and host co-metabolites. The primary mechanism of bacterial evolution is horizontal gene transfer (HGT), and the acquisition of new traits can be achieved through the exchange of mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Introducing genetically engineered microbes (GEMs) might break the harmonized balance in the intestinal compartment. The present objectives are: 1. To reveal the role played by the GEMs' horizontal gene transfers in changing the landscape of the enteric microbiome eubiosis 2. To expand on the potential detrimental effects of those changes on the human genome and health. A search of articles published in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Scielo from 2000 to August 2023 using appropriate MeSH entry terms was performed. The GEMs' horizontal gene exchanges might induce multiple human diseases. The new GEMs can change the long-term natural evolution of the enteric pro- or eukaryotic cell inhabitants. The worldwide regulatory authority's safety control of GEMs is not enough to protect public health. Viability, biocontainment, and many other aspects are only partially controlled and harmful consequences for public health should be avoided. It is important to remember that prevention is the most cost-effective strategy and primum non nocere should be the focus.

Rolling the evolutionary dice: Neisseria commensals as proxies for elucidating the underpinnings of antibiotic resistance mechanisms and evolution in human pathogens.

Species within the genus Neisseria are adept at sharing adaptive allelic variation, with commensal species repeatedly transferring resistance to their pathogenic relative Neisseria gonorrhoeae. However, resistance in commensals is infrequently characterized, limiting our ability to predict novel and potentially transferable resistance mechanisms that ultimately may become important clinically. Unique evolutionary starting places of each Neisseria species will have distinct genomic backgrounds, which may ultimately control the fate of evolving populations in response to selection as epistatic and additive interactions coerce lineages along divergent evolutionary trajectories. Alternatively, similar genetic content present across species due to shared ancestry may constrain existing adaptive solutions. Thus, identifying the paths to resistance across commensals may aid in characterizing the Neisseria resistome-or the reservoir of alleles within the genus as well as its depth. Here, we use in vitro evolution of four commensal species to investigate the potential and repeatability of resistance evolution to two antimicrobials, the macrolide azithromycin and the β-lactam penicillin. After 20 days of selection, commensals evolved resistance to penicillin and azithromycin in 11/16 and 12/16 cases, respectively. Almost all cases of resistance emergence converged on mutations within ribosomal components or the mtrRCDE efflux pump for azithromycin-based selection and mtrRCDE, penA, and rpoB for penicillin selection, thus supporting constrained adaptive solutions despite divergent evolutionary starting points across the genus for these particular drugs. Though drug-selected loci were limited, we do identify novel resistance-imparting mutations. Continuing to explore paths to resistance across different experimental conditions and genomic backgrounds, which could shunt evolution down alternative evolutionary trajectories, will ultimately flesh out the full Neisseria resistome.IMPORTANCENeisseria gonorrhoeae is a global threat to public health due to its rapid acquisition of antibiotic resistance to all first-line treatments. Recent work has documented that alleles acquired from close commensal relatives have played a large role in the emergence of resistance to macrolides and beta-lactams within gonococcal populations. However, commensals have been relatively underexplored for the resistance genotypes they may harbor. This leaves a gap in our understanding of resistance that could be rapidly acquired by the gonococcus through a known highway of horizontal gene exchange. Here, we characterize resistance mechanisms that can emerge in commensal Neisseria populations via in vitro selection to multiple antimicrobials and begin to define the number of paths to resistance. This study, and other similar works, may ultimately aid both surveillance efforts and clinical diagnostic development by nominating novel and conserved resistance mechanisms that may be at risk of rapid dissemination to pathogen populations.

Validation of MARS-F modeling of plasma response to RMPs using internal measurements on DIII-D

The linear resistive plasma response model is validated against the plasma internal measurement data from DIII-D edge-localized mode (ELM) control experiments with applied resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP). Considered are DIII-D discharges where the n = 1, 2, and 3 (n is the toroidal mode number) RMP field was applied. Experimental data for the plasma boundary displacement, as well as the three-dimensional (3D) pressure perturbation in the edge pedestal region, are deduced from the vertical Thomson scattering (TS) system and the horizontal charge exchange recombination (CER) system on DIII-D. The linear response model produces results that are in reasonable quantitative agreement with the DIII-D internal measurements. The plasma boundary displacement of up to 15 mm is modeled, with the pedestal pressure perturbation reaching 3 kPa. As an important insight, the larger plasma displacement measured by the vertical TS system, as compared to that measured by the horizontal CER system, is due to the contribution from the tangential component of the plasma displacement to the former. This mixing of displacement components is also found to influence the sensitivity of the CER measurement comparisons. The results of this study provide further confidence in the linear resistive plasma response model for analyzing ELM control experiments.

Modeling district heating pipelines using a hybrid dynamic thermal network approach

A novel numerical method is presented for fast and accurate simulation of the dynamic thermal behavior of buried pipelines such as those in district heating systems. The model is based on a combination of a conduction response factor method, known as the dynamic thermal network (DTN) method and a one-dimensional discretized heat transfer fluid flow model, the so-called plug flow N-continuously stirred tanks (PFST) model. This combination enables the model to effectively take into account the short timescale dynamic effects of pipelines including longitudinal dispersion of turbulent fluid and its thermal capacity and also transient ground heat transfer. The combined DTN-PFST model is validated by reference to experimental data from both the lab-scale representation of a district heating system and monitoring data from a full-scale operational system. The comparisons between simulation results and experimental data demonstrate a good level of accuracy of the proposed model in predicting the dynamic thermal behavior of pipelines. The model has also been found to be several orders of magnitude more computationally efficient than corresponding 3D numerical models. Both the accuracy and computational efficiency of the proposed model make it well-suited to the design and analysis of district heating distribution networks. The model is also expected to be well-suited to the modeling of horizontal ground heat exchange pipe systems.

History in Our Hands. Participatory Methodologies in Curatorial Work at the National History Museum of Chile

This article, which features a video and a fanzine, consists of an academic description of our participatory methodologies in curating exhibits from our permanent collection at the National History Museum of Chile. This reflection on methodology asks itself about the didactic role of the museums beyond the goal of representing the diversity and complexity of the members of the nation. What abilities and values can communities acquire from the act of curating an exhibition? What type of methodologies permit a horizontal exchange of effects and affects? What are the reaches and limits of these creative activities? Online version, including video. Keywords: museum studies, curatorial practice, participatory methods, Chile, cultural heritage

Quantification of the water exchange in an agroforestry system under the background of film-mulching drip irrigation of farmland

Water availability is the most critical constraint for the healthy and sustainable development of agroforestry systems in arid and semi-arid regions; consequently, it is essential to clarify soil water dynamics and quantify water exchange within agroforestry systems. In this study, a two-year field experiment and a HYDRUS-2D numerical simulation model were used to clarify the characteristics of the two-dimensional distribution of soil water and the horizontal water exchange in an agroforestry system under the background of film-mulching drip irrigation of farmland. The results showed that the HYDRUS-2D for agroforestry systems had high accuracy in calculating the water flow and capturing the dynamic water exchange in various soil layers. The model simulation results showed that there were differences in soil water content between forest belt and farmland, and the two-dimensional distribution of soil water content showed vertical water transport and horizontal water exchange in the agroforestry system. During the growing season, the horizontal water flow exchange was mainly from the forest belt side and the farmland side to the agroforestry transition zone, with inflows of 61.3 mm and 199 mm at depths of 0–100 cm, respectively. A long-term severe "water stress zone" developed at a depth of about 0–40 cm in the forest belt, so the 0–40 cm soil depth was the main area of water competition in the agroforestry system. The results could provide a reference for the long-term healthy development of agroforestry systems and the management of agricultural water resources in oasis-desert systems under film-mulching drip irrigation conditions.

A Model for Foundational Effects of Perceived Organizational Policies on Safety Climate

Organizational climate is the ascribed psychological meaning and significance associated with the procedures, policies, and practices that are recognized and rewarded in the workplace and, hence, mediate the effects of environmental stimuli on individuals’ responses. Safety climate is a specific organizational climate, i.e., organizational climate for safety. Previous research claimed that organizational climate provides a foundation for safety climate, but without elaboration on the foundational mechanisms. This paper attempts to fill this knowledge gap. As organizational climate is a multi-dimensional phenomenon, this paper chooses two dimensions: perceived organizational support (POS) and participative decision making (PaDM). Drawing on an interactive approach to forming climate perceptions, this paper introduces two interactive constructs—leader–member exchange (LMX) and team-member exchange (TMX)—and establishes a multiple mediation model depicting the foundational effect of organizational climate on safety climate. A random sample of 292 Hong Kong-based construction personnel is used to validate the model. The results show that both POS and PaDM are positively associated with perceived safety climate (β1 = 0.175, p < 0.01; β2 = 0.502, p < 0.005), both LMX and TMX fully mediate the effect of PaDM on safety climate (effect sizes are 0.146 and 0.076, respectively), and only LMX partially mediates the effect of POS on safety climate (effect size is 0.131). This study sheds light on the foundational effects of organizational climate on safety climate. POS can improve the quality of reciprocal exchange about safety matters between construction personnel and their supervisors and hence raise construction personnel’s awareness of the priority of safety. PaDM can improve the quality of reciprocal exchange about safety matters vertically and horizontally and hence have construction personnel aware of the importance of safety. In practice, this paper suggests that project managers recognize and reward construction personnel’s contributions in a timely manner, genuinely care about their well-being, and take their suggestions seriously in making decisions. In this way, the quality of both vertical and horizontal exchange about safety matters improves, and a sound and positive safety climate ensues.

CONVECTION OF A VISCOUS INCOMPRESSIBLE COOLANT IN A HORIZONTAL CYLINDRICAL PIPE HEATED FROM BELOW. AN ANALYTICAL SOLUTION

To intensify heat transfer processes in nuclear power, it is proposed to use natural convection in horizontal heat exchange tubes. In the article, the problem of convection of a viscous, incompressible fluid in a horizontal cylinder heated from below is analyzed analytically. The proposed analytical method is based upon the use of basic functions that satisfy the initial equation but do not satisfy the boundary conditions. The problem with boundary conditions with a sufficient degree of accuracy is solved by dividing the area of the square described around the cylinder into a large number of smaller element cells. This separation has made it possible to obtain analytical expressions of critical Rayleigh numbers for different positions of current lines in a horizontal cylinder with a viscous, incompressible fluid.

Functional diversification despite structural congruence in the HipBST toxin-antitoxin system of Legionella pneumophila.

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are parasitic genetic elements found in almost all bacterial genomes. They are exchanged horizontally between cells and are typically poorly conserved across closely related strains and species. Here, we report the characterization of a tripartite TA system in the bacterial pathogen Legionella pneumophila that is highly conserved across Legionella species genomes. This system (denoted HipBSTLp) is a distant homolog of the recently discovered split-HipA system in Escherichia coli (HipBSTEc). We present bioinformatic, molecular, and structural analyses of the divergence between these two systems and the functionality of this newly described TA system family. Furthermore, we provide evidence to refute previous claims that the toxin in this system (HipTLp) possesses bifunctionality as an L. pneumophila virulence protein. Overall, this work expands our understanding of the split-HipA system architecture and illustrates the potential for undiscovered biology in these abundant genetic elements.

Genomic epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria at the human-animal-environment interface in Djibouti city, Djibouti

The emergence of carbapenem resistance is a major public health threat in sub-Saharan Africa but remains poorly understood, particularly at the human-animal-environment interface. This study provides the first One Health-based study on the epidemiology of Carbapenemase-Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria (CP-GNB) in Djibouti City, Djibouti, East Africa. In total, 800 community urine samples and 500 hospital specimens from humans, 270 livestock fecal samples, 60 fish samples, and 20 water samples were collected and tested for carbapenem resistance. The overall estimated CP-GNB prevalence was 1.9 % (32/1650 samples) and specifically concerned 0.3 % of community urine samples, 2.8 % of clinical specimens, 2.6 % of livestock fecal samples, 11.7 % of fish samples, and 10 % of water samples. The 32 CP-GNB included 19 Escherichia coli, seven Acinetobacter baumannii, five Klebsiella pneumoniae, and one Proteus mirabilis isolate. Short-read (Illumina) and long-read (Nanopore) genome sequencing revealed that carbapenem resistance was mainly associated with chromosomal carriage of blaNDM-1, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-66, and blaOXA-69 in A. baumannii, and with plasmid carriage in Enterobacterales (blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-181 in E. coli, blaNDM-1, blaNDM-5 and blaOXA-48 in K. pneumoniae, and blaNDM-1 in P. mirabilis). Moreover, 17/32 CP-GNB isolates belonged to three epidemic clones: (1) A. baumannii sequence type (ST) 1697,2535 that showed a distribution pattern consistent with intra- and inter-hospital dissemination; (2) E. coli ST10 that circulated at the human-animal-environment interface; and (3) K. pneumoniae ST147 that circulated at the human-environment interface. Horizontal exchanges probably contributed to carbapenem resistance dissemination in the city, especially the blaOXA-181-carrying ColKP3-IncX3 hybrid plasmid that was found in E. coli isolates belonging to different STs. Our study highlights that despite a relatively low CP-GNB prevalence in Djibouti City, plasmids harboring carbapenem resistance circulate in humans, animals and environment. Our findings stress the need to implement preventive and control measures for reducing the circulation of this potentially emerging public health threat.

Decolonising Southern knowledge(s) in Aidland

ABSTRACT South–South Co-operation (SSC) has become increasingly important in international development policy and practice as both alternative and complementary to North–South Co-operation. Crafted through the acceptance, appropriation, and instrumentalisation of a colonialist idea of an underdeveloped world, SSC has been historically defined as an expression of Southern solidarity, through which developing countries collaborate to achieve progress, modernity, and development. It is often claimed to involve mutually beneficial, horizontal exchange of resources between developing countries – particularly knowledge – and to foster decolonising practices. In this paper, I argue that while one of the starting points for SSC was opposition to North–South knowledge hierarchies, its legitimisation has been constructed through postcolonial power inequalities and new forms of authoritative knowledge that reiterate old hierarchies. Drawing on in-depth ethnographic research conducted as part of my doctoral studies, I show how the building and international legitimatisation of Brazilian ‘best practices’ – in the gender equality field – has produced a political economy of opportunities and mobility for these professionals; their professional pathways to Mozambique are indicative of the processes of production of Southern expertise and new knowledge hierarchies. I also discuss Brazilian development workers’ discourses about the relevance of Brazilian experiences to Mozambique. Theoretically, the paper is inspired by critical development theory with a feminist and postcolonial approach. It uses postcolonial literature, usually applied to relations between colonisers and former colonies, to look at how colonial discourses and discourses about Africa, the ‘Third World’, and the West historically intervened in the encounters between people from former colonies and continue to be activated. Specifically, I analyse imaginaries of ‘Southern’ and ‘developing country’ identity embedded in expertise claims.

Circulation and Cross‐Shelf Exchanges in the Northern Shelf of the Southwestern Atlantic: Dynamics

AbstractThe strong interaction between the Brazil Current and the adjacent shelf is clearly visible in satellite‐derived products (sea surface temperature, salinity, and chlorophyll‐a concentration). Assessments of circulation features and cross‐shelf exchanges from these products are, however, limited to the surface layer. Here we analyze the regional circulation and dynamics using the results of a suite of process‐oriented, high‐resolution numerical experiments. Passive tracers and Lagrangian floats characterize the exchanges between the shelf and the open ocean, identifying regions of high variability, and assessing the contribution of small‐scale eddies to the cross‐shelf mass exchanges. We estimate that 0.2–0.4 Sv of the shelf transport variability between 34°S and 25°S comes from ocean internal variability which represents ∼50%–70% of the total variability. Between 25°S and 21°S, internal ocean variability represents more than 90% of the shelf transport variability. We find that generation of cyclonic eddies is more frequent (>15% of the time) at the shelfbreak bights. The core of these eddies contains fresher, colder, and more nutrient‐rich shelf waters. Maps of satellite chlorophyll‐a concentration suggest that the horizontal and vertical exchanges of mass associated with these eddies are a critical element of the primary production cycle.

3D-printed tripodal porous wood-mimetic cellulosic composite evaporator for salt-free water desalination

Solar desalination based on interfacial evaporation has been proven promising in producing clean water. However, so far, the lack of a facile preparation strategy and effective salt rejection has profoundly limited its potential for practical applications. Herein, inspired by the unique liquid transportation of natural wood, we report on a three-dimensional (3D) printed tripodal porous wood-mimetic cellulosic composite evaporator for long-term salt rejection, starting from cost-effective materials such as cellulose and carbon black. The printed evaporator displays a broadband solar absorption (>97%) and an extremely low thermal conductivity (0.075 W m−1 K−1), indicating its high photothermal conversion efficiency and outstanding thermal management. The printed tripodal porous evaporator contains large-sized channels (∼1 mm in diameter) that function as salt regenerating pathways, micropores (∼30 μm) and submicron pores (∼1 μm) for rapid water transport and efficient supply. Fluidic simulation reveals that large channels with high water flux lead to the salt concentration gradient between large and small channels via submicropores, meanwhile, the concentrated water at the top layer transports downward by diffusion and convection, further making the spontaneous horizontal and vertical salt exchange. Such a tripodal porous structure endows the evaporator with a high efficiency of ∼75% in a highly concentrated salt solution (15 wt% NaCl) under 1 sun irradiation, as well as superior salt-rejection property (100 h continuous evaporation in 15 wt% NaCl). This strategy, starting with sustainable cellulose-based composite materials and being able to balance the evaporation performance and long-term stability, opens up new doors toward clean water production.