TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE Book Reviews 1089 ogy. The section on technology is disappointingly only three-and-onehalf pages long. Ogilvie provides from one column to several pages of information about each woman. Scientists’ publications are also itemized. An index that lists entries alphabetically identifies the woman’s held, historic period, and nationality, which gives a quick reference source. Ogilvie’s efforts are centered on women in science and not technology; she includes only three women inventors in addition to several women in medicine. Herzenberg lists the women alphabetically, giving birth and death dates, nationalities, and a code that guides the reader to the sources. Her most useful feature is a detailed index that lists women by occupation, including aeronautical engineers, agricultural scientists, cartographers, chemical engineers, civil engineers, electronics engi neers, engineers, geochemists, hydrologists, inventors, mechanical engineers, metallurgists, mining engineers, petrologists, systems en gineers, and technologists. Searing’s bibliography is particularly good at identifying women and their work in applied science (petroleum geology, industrial chemistry). It also includes sections about reference works, home economics, education, and health and reproductive technologies. The section on technology covers five pages. Unlike the others, it is organized around topics rather than individual biography. All of the books are valuable, pioneering works that yield tantaliz ing threads. In her introductory essay, Herzenberg refers to two Babylonian chemical engineers who were in charge of perfume production. Was there a tradition of elite women chemical engineers that continued to surface periodically and of which Mary the Jewess in Alexandria is an example? Although promising, such speculations are based on preliminary work. The books also suggest a relative scarcity of women engaged in the most “male” technologies—mining, civil, or mechanical engineering. Are women less likely to be found in these fields than in science, mathematics, and medicine? Or are the women still invisible? Historians of technology have much to do to identify, describe, and honor women in technology and place their lives and work in historic context. Kathleen Ochs Dr. Ochs is an associate professor at the Colorado School of Mines. She and Gay Bindocci (West Virginia University) are currently working on an annotated bibliogra phy about women and technology to be published by Garland. Teaching Technologyfrom a Feminist Perspective: A Practical Guide. By Joan Rothschild. Oxford: Pergamon Press, 1988. Pp. viii + 171; notes, ap pendix, bibliography, indexes. $30.00/£16.00 (cloth); $14.95/£7.95 (paper). 1090 Book Reviews TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE In 1983, Joan Rothschild published Machina ex Dea: Feminist Perspec tives on Technology, a collection of essays from the perspectives of several different disciplines. Six years later the book had become a standard in a range of courses treating the intersection of women and technology, and Rothschild decided to discover more about them. In particular, she wanted to find out how many courses presented “technology from a feminist perspective.” The result is a stimulating and useful book that will encourage many more such courses. Rothschild found that the courses described to her fell into one of four types, each of which is dealt with in a separate chapter. First are those treating women and technology, that is, the way in which tech nology affects women, especially in terms of work. Second are those that deal with women in science and technology, that is, most directly, women as scientists and engineers. Third comes the course which tries to “add women and stir.” In these, information on women is added to more traditional classes, without any corresponding change in their conceptual frameworks. Fourth and finally, there were a few courses in which a feminist critique of technology had led to a fundamental re ordering of the class material and the Framework within which it was to be understood. All syllabi discussed are reproduced in an appendix, and a bibliography is added as well. In a helpful chapter titled “What Is a Feminist Resource on Technol ogy?” Rothschild lists criteria for such materials. First, “Is the language gender-neutral” in a way that casts the subject in a new light? Second, “Are women included, if they should be, in the subject matter” and, more important, how—in stereotypical roles, as mere appendages, or in “traditional roles accepted...