AbstractPurposeResearch about phenotypic and genotypic characteristics from a sample of glaucoma patients, and the pharmacological response to beta blockers (BB) and prostaglandin analogues (PGA).Methods139 eyes from 72 patients affected with glaucoma under BB and PGA treatment, were included in a prospective study. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), were analyzed using real‐time PCR assays: prostaglandin F2α receptor (PTGFR) rs3766355 and 3753380; cytochrome‐p450‐2D6 (CYP2D6) rs16947 and 769258; beta 2 adrenergic receptor (ADBR 2) rs1042714. The other variables of the study were mean deviation (MD) of visual field, glaucoma surgery background, medication side effects, medical treatment, baseline and treated intraocular pressure (IOP).ResultsFrom a total of 139 eyes, 68 (48.9%) were right eyes. The main diagnosis was primary open angle glaucoma (66.2%). Additionally, 57(41%) eyes had some kind of glaucoma surgery and also 57(41%) eyes were under 3 or more medications (PGA+BB+other). Side effects were reported in 12 eyes (8.9%). IOP for baseline and treated patients were 26.55 ± 8.19 and 21.01 ± 5.54. The only significant differences were found among patient treated IOP in rs3766355 heterozygous(HT) 21.07 ± 0.607 mutated homozygous(HZ) 20.98 ± 0.639 and wildtype HZ 16 ± 1.08 (p = 0.031).The MD mean was −7.59 ± 8.63. Comparing the mean of MD in rs3766355 wildtype HZ −2 ± 2.2, HT −3.87 ± 4, mutated HZ −9.37 ± 9.51, significant differences were elucidated (p = 0.009). Likewise between MD and rs3753380 wildtype HZ −6.1 ± 8.67, HT −9.02 ± 8.63, and mutated HZ −9.51 ± 7.44 (p = 0.017).ConclusionsSignificant differences were found when comparing the MD in wildtype HZ, HT and mutated HZ carrying rs3766355 and rs3753380 to greater number of mutated alleles, greater defect in the visual field (MD). Likewise significant differences were found in the treated IOP in HZ and HT patients carrying a mutated rs3766355 allele with regard to HZ wildtype patients. Therefore, poor response to treatment may be associated with being a carrier of this mutated allele.