Home Technology Research Articles

Broad Perspective of Smart Home Technology in 2024

This paper presents a thorough introduction to the rapidly evolving field of smart home technology, highlighting the transition of homes from traditional living spaces to dynamic, interconnected environments. As the world delves deeper into the digital age, smart home technology stands at the forefront of this transformation, offering unprecedented convenience, security, and energy efficiency. Through a comprehensive exploration, the authors discuss the benefits and challenges of smart home integration. The research design, which forms the foundation of this study, includes a comparative analysis of hub-based and hub-free systems, evaluating their respective advantages and disadvantages through systematic examination. The authors also explore emerging trends and innovations in smart homes, such as the integration of healthcare monitoring, energy management in smart grids, and the application of augmented and virtual reality, underlining the potential of artificial intelligence in enhancing smart home capabilities.

Exploration on the Application of Smart Home Technologies to Enhance the Quality Design of Elderly-Friendly Living space in Existing Residences

Drawing upon the progressively evolving theoretical frameworks and methodologies for housing adaptation tailored to the needs of the elderly, this study explores the enhancement of age-friendly living spaces through the integration of smart home technologies. A novel, multidimensional framework is introduced, integrating the elements of "elderly individuals, living areas, functional spaces, and technologies," fostering a comprehensive application of technology in elderly care. This approach aims to scrutinize the seamless integration of technological advancements into the daily lives of the elderly from a multidisciplinary perspective. The study delves into the effectiveness and adaptation strategies of smart home systems across three pivotal scenarios: daily living, health monitoring, and safety measures. It underscores the pivotal role of smart home technologies in elevating the well-being of the elderly. By implementing sophisticated smart solutions, such as voice commands and streamlined operations, these technologies empower seniors to effortlessly manage lighting, climate control, and security systems within their living spaces, fostering a customized, intelligent living ambiance. This initiative not only propels the application of smart home systems in the lives of the elderly but also ensures a safer, more comfortable, and autonomous lifestyle.

Modelling and Simulation of a Budget-Friendly, Secured and Intelligent Home Automation System Using Internet of Things for the Aged and Disabled

Intelligent Home Automation System is one of the subjects that is gaining traction and popularity due to its numerous benefits across the globe today. Home automation is the process of remotely monitoring and controlling household appliances and devices. With the Internet's and its applications' never-ending growth, there is a lot of promise and scope for remote access, control, and monitoring of network-enabled appliances and devices. This paper developed an easy-to-use, secured and intelligent home automation system; capable of remotely monitoring and controlling appliances in the home, by integrating it with an affordable, flexible, versatile, open-sourced, single-board microprocessor and yet scalable Arduino Uno. The work was carried out in the following stages; First, the Arduino Uno was set up with Bluetooth and Wi-Fi connections, and Android device interfacing. Secondly, upon successful connection and configurations, the system successfully worked with the home model developed. Lastly, a unique yet simple user interface was created using the Android MIT App inventor, thereby completing the system design. The intelligent home automation system was fully simulated given the above steps, ensuring that everyday use of home appliances is monitored and controlled for a more secure, seamless and intuitive user experience. The paper also examined a number of intelligent home automation systems and technologies from a variety of defined perspectives. It focused on the home automation idea, in which smart devices are used to integrate home automation systems and technologies with a central single-board – microprocessor (Arduino Uno); Life is becoming simpler and easier in all aspects due to advancements in automation technologies, particularly in homes and working environments.

Development of a Smart Home Modification Program: A Delphi Survey of Multidisciplinary Health Care Experts.

There is a critical gap between the potential of smart home technologies to enhance the lives of people with physical disabilities (PwPD) and their limited use because of complex interfaces, high costs, technical issues, and insufficient institutional support. To bridge this gap and ensure that PwPD can fully benefit from smart home advancements to improve their daily living and quality of life by developing a smart home modification program. A Delphi survey involving three rounds was conducted with experts in disability and smart home technologies. Online survey. Thirty multidisciplinary health care experts. Experts rated the level of relevance in smart home modification with each survey. Consensus was set at ≥75%, content validity (CVR) was ≥.33, and convergence was ≤.5. The first Delphi result selected 26 items, and the second included 59 items after adjusting for values that fell below a CVR of .33. In the third Delphi survey, 59 items were selected. The final Delphi study had an average CVR of .96 and a coefficient of variation of .10. The last survey's consensus point was .92, indicating a high level of agreement among participants. On the basis of expert consensus, the study provides a validated framework for smart home modifications to aid PwPD. Plain-Language Summary: This research highlights the role of smart home adaptations to promote responsible, independent living for people with physical disabilities. There is a critical gap between the potential of smart home technologies to improve the lives of people with physical disabilities and their limited use because of complex interfaces, high costs, technical issues, and insufficient institutional support. The study authors developed a smart home modification program with the goal of closing this gap and to ensure that people with physical disabilities can fully benefit from smart home advancements to improve their daily living and quality of life. Based on expert ratings, the study findings provide a validated framework that occupational therapists can use to recommend smart home modifications to help people with physical disabilities. The framework can also be used by occupational therapists to identify people who may need more extensive environmental modifications and interventions.

Smarter homes, smarter surveillance? Exploring intimate surveillance practices in modern day households

Smart home technologies (SHT) are becoming more and more widespread. The commodification of the household and the surveillance of family life by companies have understandably sparked numerous questions. It should not be forgotten, however, that SHT also bring family members convenient tools to surveil each other. Parental and partner surveillance, further referred to as intimate surveillance, have rarely been studied with regard to the smart home. This article empirically explores intimate surveillance behaviours, intentions and motivations by drawing on an online survey study ( n = 715) with parents and partners. Overall, the results show that intimate surveillance takes place with SHT, that parental surveillance intentions are higher than partner surveillance intentions and that care is considered a relevant motivation for intimate surveillance. Furthermore, this study invites to be mindful of the specificities of surveillance practices, and encourages researchers to be explicit about their assumptions on the underlying motivations for intimate surveillance.

Industrial Sustainable Development: The Development Trend of Programmable Logic Controller Technology

Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are indispensable for current and future industrial development, especially in smart factories, smart home technology, automated production lines, and machinery manufacturing. This study presents the trends in PLC software and hardware development through a technology roadmap and offers relevant suggestions to help industries achieve sustainable development, enhance market competitiveness, and provide references for research. Through expert interviews and fuzzy Delphi analysis, this study points out that future PLC development needs to focus on editing interfaces, syntax, Central Processing Units, Memory Units, and Communication Modules. Specific recommendations include visualizing regional/global label settings and connection settings, adding Python, JAVA, LabVIEW, and Scratch syntax, improving instruction execution speed, expanding program and expansion capacities, and adopting dual-channel Ethernet and connections to external networks and wireless networks. Fuzzy hierarchical analysis shows that Communication Modules are the most important component, followed by Central Processing Units and syntax expansion, and, finally, program and expansion capacity enhancements. These suggestions aim to promote product innovation and social environment demand evaluation, enhance product competitiveness, and achieve sustainable development goals.

The Impact of Smart Home Technologies on Energy Efficiency, Cost Savings, and Environmental Benefits

The results of this study addressed the effectiveness of smart home technologies in terms of energy consumption, cost reduction, and environmental advantages in Nigerian homes. Given the growing energy requirements and concern for the environment, assessing the efficiency of such technologies is critical for socioeconomic development. We collected data using a combination of surveys and statistical analysis in five major Nigerian cities: Lagos, Abuja, Kano, Port Harcourt, and Enugu. We evaluated smart home technologies such as smart thermostats, lighting systems, appliances, plugs, and energy monitoring systems based on their energy savings (%), monthly cost savings (NGN), kilogram of CO2 emissions cut, and percent adoption. We used descriptive analysis and regression modeling to analyze the data collected from the respondents. The introduction of smart technologies reduced general energy use by fifteen to twenty-five percent, with smart appliances recording the highest reduction of up to 25%. This feature demonstrated how monthly cost savings varied depending on the technology and geographical location, resulting in significant increases of up to 4000 NGN per household, each household saw a reduction in CO2 emissions by 500 kg to 700 kg annually, resulting in significant environmental benefits. According to the studies, smart home technologies can help promote energy conservation and therefore reduce CO2 emissions in Nigerian households. However, there are still widely recognized obstacles, like high initial costs and a low level of awareness. offering financial incentives, improving Information Promotion of existing policies and overhauling the distribution systems to increase the pace of uptake and impact returns.

Factors Affecting Clinician Readiness to Adopt Smart Home Technology for Remote Health Monitoring: A Systematic Review.

Background: The population of older adults across the world continues to increase, placing higher demands on primary health care and long-term care. The costs of housing older people in care facilities have economic and societal impacts which are unsustainable without innovative solutions. Many older people wish to remain independent in their homes and age-in-place. Assistive technology such as health-assistive smart homes with clinician monitoring could be a widely adopted alternative to aged care facilities in the future. Whilst studies have found that older persons have demonstrated a readiness to adopt health-assistive smart homes, little is known about clinician readiness to adopt this technology to support older adults to age as independently as possible. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review was to identify the factors that affect clinician readiness to adopt smart home technology for remote health monitoring. Methods: The review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42020195989) prior to the commencement of the database searches. This review was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute Methodology for Systematic Reviews and followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for reporting. Results: Several factors affected clinicians' perspectives on their readiness to adopt smart home technology for remote health monitoring including challenges such as patient privacy and dignity, data security, and ethical use of 'invasive' technologies. Perceived benefits included enhancing the quality of care and outcomes. Conclusion: Clinicians including nurses reported both challenges and benefits to adopt smart home technology for remote health monitoring. Clear strategies and frameworks to allay fears and overcome professional concerns and misconceptions form key parts of the Readiness to Adoption Pathway proposed. The use of more rigorous scientific methods and reporting is needed to advance the state of the science. The review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42020195989) prior to the commencement of the database searches.

Analyzing sleep thermal comfort with an attention-based gated recurrent unit neural network

To provide a comfortable sleep environment, the air conditioning controller needs a feedback mechanism associated with sleep thermal comfort. A thermal comfort prediction system is therefore needed. However, there is a dearth of research in this area. Recent advancements in wearable sensor technology and deep learning provide innovative solutions for monitoring sleep comfort. In this study, we propose a novel attention-based gated recurrent unit neural network (AGRU) designed for the prediction of sleep thermal comfort. This model leverages data from air environment monitors and wearable sensors capable of detecting environmental variables and physiological signals. We conducted an eighty-day sleep experiment involving twenty subjects exposed to varying environmental conditions. The monitors and sensors recorded seven features, including air temperature, relative humidity, skin temperatures at four points, and pulse rate. The results obtained underline the practicality and efficacy of the deep learning model that draws on environmental and physiological signals, with an average accuracy, macro-precision, macro-recall and macro-F1-score of 86.99 %, 87.10 %, 86.98 % and 0.87, respectively. This research provides substantial support for the continued advancement of smart home technology and wearable technology in the field of sleep thermal comfort.

Creating Resilient Smart Homes with a Heart: Sustainable, Technologically Advanced Housing across the Lifespan and Frailty through Inclusive Design for People and Their Robots

The design of age-friendly homes benefits vulnerable groups, such as frail people and older adults. Advances in smart home technologies, including robots, have important synergies with homes designed for health needs. Yet, focus on environmental and sustainable housing design and improvements misses important opportunities for collective impact. Stronger involvement of disciplines, such as those from the built environment for technological integration within homes and effects on space and the community, is needed. There is a need for a unified framework integrating the needs and factors of the resident, smart home technologies and robots, and the built environment, and that includes the concept of a “home”. With the remodeling of housing towards sustainable and environmental targets, as well as advances in smart home technologies such as robots, the timeliness of shared input for the benefit of residents now and in the future is of the essence. This would help target future research into effective and optimized cohabitation with technology within homes for the purpose of improving the wellbeing of residents.

Business Resources for the Implementation of Home Automation Technology in Homes in Residential Areas

The objective of this study is to determine the business resources necessary for the implementation of Home Automation Technology in homes. Descriptive research, non-experimental, transectional or cross-sectional field design, the sample was six companies in the residential housing construction sector of the department of Cesar, the data collection technique was the survey, the instrument was the questionnaire with options Likert type response. There is a lack of human resources with sufficient knowledge of the subject, there are few people who have technical training in this type of technology, which is well accepted in the builders' union and who are willing to implement it in medium-term projects. As for other resources such as physical, financial and technological resources, these finally have a moderate level of acceptance and availability according to the results obtained. The relevance consists of continuing to consolidate the implementation of technological innovations in terms of tending to integrate construction companies in the region with the research centers of educational institutions and universities.

A Taxonomy of Home Automation: Expert Perspectives on the Future of Smarter Homes

AbstractRecent advancements in digital technologies, including artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), and information and communication technologies (ICT), are transforming homes into interconnected ecosystem of services. Yet, discourse on home technologies remains fragmented due to inconsistent terminologies. This paper addresses the lack of a framework, studying distinctions between smart and non-smart homes and forecasting connectivity and automation growth. Experts (21) participated in online surveys and interviews in 2021, exploring language, structure, and technical/social aspects of basic and smarter homes. Quantitative survey data and qualitative interview analyses yield insights on defining smarter homes, barriers to adoption, and framework improvements to establish universal definitions. This study underscores the urgency of harmonizing language and concepts in the domain of smart homes, revealing user understanding gaps and usability issues as barriers. This bridges gaps for consumer engagement and tech adoption.

Elements of Home Automation Technology For Housing Development Middle Stratum

Objective: The objective of this study is to identify the elements to develop home automation technology in middle-income homes. Theoretical Framework: Home automation applies to systems and devices that provide some level of automation within the house, ranging from a simple timer to turn a light or device on and off at a specific time, to the most complex systems capable of interacting with any electrical element in the home. Method: Descriptive research, non-experimental, transectional or cross-sectional field design, the sample was six companies in the residential housing construction sector in the middle stratum of the department of Atlántico, the data collection technique was the survey, the instrument was the questionnaire with Likert type response option. Results and Discussion: It was evident that the benefits of the elements of the home automation system to the owners or tenants of the homes are known, however, a medium segment of the subjects surveyed knows the benefits that these elements provide to the builders and They are clear in recognizing that they currently do not implement home automation technology elements in the homes they build. Implications of the Research: Home automation is therefore one that integrates a set of automatisms in electricity, electronics, robotics, computing and telecommunications, with the aim of ensuring the user an increase in comfort, security, energy savings, communication facilities and entertainment possibilities. Originality/Value: The relevance consists of continuing to consolidate the implementation of technological innovations in terms of the use of sensors, actuators, system elements and display elements, but not in isolation but with the home automation system as such.

Integrasi Artificial Intelegent Berbasis Sistem Operasi Android pada Smart Home

This study explores the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into smart home systems using the Android operating system to enhance security, privacy, efficiency, and user comfort. Key security measures include data encryption, robust authentication methods, sandboxing, and AI integration, specifically leveraging Google Assistant for improved privacy controls. Maintenance strategies for smart homes emphasize energy management, device condition monitoring, and enhanced safety features. AI adaptation to user habits enhances productivity and situational awareness, while Android's role in connecting various IoT devices facilitates remote control and energy-efficient recommendations. Methods such as Eco Android, Greensource, byte-code transformations, and automated energy diagnosis tools aid in optimizing energy use. The comparison between smart and non-smart homes highlights the efficiency and convenience of smart homes despite higher installation costs and potential network issues. The development and deployment of an Android-based application, SafeHause, exemplifies practical implementation, emphasizing end-to-end testing, security updates, and user education. The findings affirm that AI integration with Android significantly improves the smart home experience by enhancing energy optimization, data security, and personalized user interaction. Furthermore, the study discusses future trends in smart home technology, such as the potential for more advanced AI algorithms and machine learning techniques to provide even greater personalization and automation. The importance of regular software updates and the role of user feedback in refining smart home systems are also highlighted, ensuring that these technologies continue to evolve and meet user needs effectively.

Real Estate Website

Abstract— This paper presents a novel real estate management system designed to address the inefficiencies faced in the contemporary property market. Developed using PHP and MySQL, the system offers a user-friendly web application that streamlines the processes for both property seekers and managers. Catering to distinct user groups, it empowers users with a comprehensive property database searchable by location and desired features. Additionally, users can leverage a built-in loan calculator (depending on implementation) for financial planning and potentially express interest in suitable properties. Admins, on the other hand, benefit from comprehensive management functionalities. These include user account management, property listing creation, editing, and availability control. The system also offers the potential to manage real estate agents, further enhancing its functionality for larger organizations. This user-centric approach prioritizes a user-friendly interface that simplifies searching, listing management, and overall interaction with the system. To ensure data security and integrity, the system implements robust role-based access control, restricting access to sensitive information based on user roles. Furthermore, a powerful search function facilitates efficient property discovery, allowing users to find their ideal properties with minimal effort. This paper delves into the details of the system, outlining its functionalities, the chosen development methodology (e.g., Agile), and the software and hardware requirements for running the application. It also acknowledges the system’s limitations in its initial phase, such as the potential need for future expansion of search filters or communication tools. Finally, the paper explores the exciting future scope of the system, including advanced search capabilities, integrated communication features, mobile application development, and potential integration with smart home technologies and machine learning for personalized recommendations. Keywords – Real Estate Management System, Property Management System, PHP,MySQL,User-Friendly Interface

SMART CONNECT: SIMPLIFYING BLUETOOTH HOME AUTOMATION CONTROL

The emergence of smart home technologies has fundamentally transformed the way individuals interact with their living spaces, promising unprecedented levels of convenience, comfort, and energy efficiency. In response to this paradigm shift, the SmartConnect project introduces a pioneering solution that harnesses the power of Bluetooth connectivity to establish a centralized home automation control center. This innovative system aims to streamline the management of diverse smart home devices, encompassing lights, thermostats, and sensors, by providing users with a seamless interface accessible via smartphones or tablets. With a primary objective of empowering users to remotely monitor and control their home environment, SmartConnect facilitates personalized automation routines and responsive adjustments to changing environmental conditions. Leveraging Arduino microcontroller technology and Bluetooth communication protocols, SmartConnect offers a robust and scalable platform for home automation, designed to accommodate future expansions and updates while ensuring compatibility and functionality over the long term. In essence, SmartConnect represents a significant stride towards realizing the smart home vision, embodying a fusion of innovation, efficiency, and user-centric design. Keywords- HC-05 Bluetooth Module, Arduino UNO Micro-controller.

The Role of Smart Homes in Providing Care for Older Adults: A Systematic Literature Review from 2010 to 2023

This study undertakes a systematic literature review, framed by eight research questions, and an exploration into the state-of-the-art concerning smart home innovations for care of older adults, ethical, security, and privacy considerations in smart home deployment, integration of technology, user interaction and experience, and smart home design and accessibility. The review evaluates the role of smart home technologies (SHTs) in enhancing the lives of older adults, focusing on their cost-effectiveness, ease of use, and overall utility. The inquiry aims to outline both the advantages these technologies offer in supporting care for older adults and the obstacles that impede their widespread adoption. Throughout the investigation, 58 studies were analyzed, selected for their relevance to the discourse on smart home applications in care for older adults. This selection came from a search of literature published between 2010 and 2023, ensuring an up-to-date understanding of the field. The findings highlight the potential of SHTs to improve various aspects of daily living for older adults, including safety, health monitoring, and social interaction. However, the research also identifies several challenges, including the high costs associated with these technologies, their complex nature, and ethical concerns surrounding privacy and autonomy. To address these challenges, the study presents recommendations to increase the accessibility and user-friendliness of SHTs for older adults. Among these, educational initiatives for older adults are emphasized as a strategy to improve technology acceptance, along with suggestions for design optimizations in wearable devices to enhance comfort and adaptability. The implications of this study are significant, offering insights for researchers, practitioners, developers, and policymakers engaged in creating and implementing smart home solutions for care of older adults. By offering an understanding of both the opportunities and barriers associated with SHTs, this research supports future efforts to create more inclusive, practical, and supportive environments for aging populations.

Triboelectric based smart ceramic tiles

With the exponential development of the Internet of Things (IoTs), big data, and artificial intelligence (AI), smart home technologies have become crucial to people's lives and the construction of smart cities, driving an increasing demand for distributed sensors. In this work, we have for the first time successfully fabricated smart ceramic tiles (SCTs) that integrate electrodes with ceramic tiles using a layer-by-layer temperature gradient sintering method. These SCTs, which are based on triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) technology, not only demonstrate high sensitivity and good stability, but also offer the potential for high concealment by adjusting glaze composition and color. Under various motion triggers, the SCTs produced high-discrimination electrical output signals, which proves their potential in behavior recognition. Extreme environmental tests further confirmed the SCTs' superior responsiveness. A wireless security monitoring system for SCT sensing, which was developed using IoT chips, enables remote monitoring via mobile devices. This study not only demonstrates the commercial feasibility of SCTs but also highlights their immense potential for imperceptible monitoring within the smart home domain.

System response curve based first‐order optimization algorithms for cyber‐physical‐social intelligence

AbstractThe continuous enhancement of optimization algorithms and their parameters has spurred the expansion of AI into novel application domains such as image recognition and smart home technology. This paper employs the system response curve (SRC) to the adaptive learning rate optimizer, addressing challenges associated with the establishment of the optimizer control model and parameter adjustments affecting the dynamic performance of the system. These insights offer theoretical support for the optimizer's application in deep learning models. To begin, the adaptive learning rate optimizer is a time‐varying system. Based on the intrinsic relationship between the network optimization and the control system, the time domain expression and approximate transfer function of the adaptive learning rate optimizer are derived, and the system dynamic model is established. Furthermore, based on the system control model of the optimizer, it is proposed to explain the performance impacts of different optimizers and their hyperparameters on the deep learning model through the SRC. Finally, experiments are performed on the MNIST, CIFAR‐10, UTKinect‐Action3D, and Florence3D‐Action datasets to validate the control theory of explaining optimizers through system response curves. The experimental results show that the recognition performance of the Adaptive Moment Estimate (Adam) is better than that of the Adaptive Gradient (AdaGrad) and Root Mean Square Propagation (RMSprop). Additionally, the learning rate affects the model training speed, and the practical application aligns with the theoretical analysis.

Artificial Intelligence for Creating a Digitized Lifestyle and Multifaceted Applications: A Case Study in the Realm of Smart Home Technology

Research Background: As a new generation of general-purpose technology, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as the core driver of the fourth industrial revolution. Its extensive application in various fields has not only reshaped the forms of traditional industries, but also spawned the rise of emerging industries. Current Situation: The application of AI in the field of intelligent home decoration has garnered significant attention both domestically and internationally. Notable progress has been made in technological research and development, product innovation, and market applications. Reasons: With the rapid development of productive forces, the contradiction between people's ever-growing demand for a better life and the lagging social productive forces has been resolved. Correspondingly, the increasing demand for improved living quality and comfort has propelled the integration of AI into homes, accelerating the construction of digital households. Purpose: This article aims to analyze the impact of artificial intelligence on smart homes, assess the feasibility of achieving digital home design, and explore how AI can facilitate human life. It hopes to contribute to the future development direction of artificial intelligence. Method: Starting from people's basic material needs, this article enumerates typical application cases in smart homes, covering various aspects of daily life such as clothing, food, shelter, and transportation. Furthermore, it delves into the research on how to create intelligent systems that enable interconnection and interoperability among various AI products.