Home State Research Articles

Autocracy's long reach: explaining host country influences on transnational repression

ABSTRACT Authoritarian regimes frequently reach across borders to repress against exiled dissidents. Existing scholarship has investigated the methods and effects of transnational repression. Yet, we lack knowledge of the role that the political context of a host country and its relations to the origin country of diasporas play in incidents of transnational repression. Addressing this gap, we use a Freedom House dataset on physical acts of transnational repression (2014–2020) to study how the regime type of the host country and the regional ties between the host and origin country influence the likelihood and type of transnational repression incidents. Conducting a logistic regression analysis with yearly directed dyads, we find that to target exiles in autocratic host states perpetrators primarily rely on the cooperation of authorities, whereas in democratic host states they resort more often to direct attacks. We also show that authoritarian cooperation on transnational repression is regionally clustered: it often occurs when home and host state are situated within the same authoritarian neighbourhood, and partly also when they are members in the same regional organization. Our article reveals some of the host state conditions and relational dynamics that shape the decisions and strategies of transnational repression perpetrators.

INCONCEIVABLE CREATION: THE KALBELIYA DANCE FROM & ITS CONCEPTION TO WORLDWIDE IDENTIFICATION

This research paper is focused on the 'kalbeliya Gypsy dancing form', this form is having its Origin in the first Rajasthan tourism performance and first international performance (the United States of America.) recognition, intangible inventions. A dance performed by the nomadic kalbeliya community is featured in Rajasthan "Gypsy" performances in Rajasthan, which have fast gained popularity among Indian tourists and on venues for world music in the west. The Indian government recognizes Rajasthan, the kalbeliya's home state, as "India's legacy state" in order to stimulate travel and the international diffusion of Indian culture through performances and festivals. The kalbeliya dance form was developed in the 1978s, but it wasn't until 2010 that UNESCO designated it as an intangible cultural asset. Through this research paper, the researcher highlights and mentions the name of the woman who gave birth to the kalbeliya dance form and design costume and jewelry assets for the performances. The research writing more profoundly overviews the development of the Kalbeliya dance form's development from its inception in the 1978s until the UNESCO nomination. The study also raises the roof of the implications of its name as a world heritage dance tradition.

Penyuluhan Resiko Jatuh Pada Lansia Di Masyarakat Pudak Payung

The elderly are an age group that is prone to falls. The purpose of this service is to detect the risk of falls in the elderly and provide assistance in balance training as an effort to prevent the risk of falls in the elderly. Falls occur due to unintentional loss of balance resulting in failure of postural stability, or unexpected and sudden changes resulting in a position landing on the floor. Associated risk factors include current health status (living in the community, nursing home, hospital, frail or active state), diseases suffered (diabetes, hip fracture, stroke) and general changes related to aging (decreased balance, coordination, muscle strength, visual impairment, etc.). The output targets to be achieved are in the form of publications in accredited national journals and copyright for videos of community service activities. The method used is a fall risk detection examination using the Time Up and Go Test and continued with the provision of balance training, so that the elderly who have a risk of falling can be recognized as early as possible so that the provision of balance training can maintain and improve the balance of the elderly body.

Goodbye Florida, I’m Out! For Good

Florida governor Ron DeSantis, aided by the state’s Republican-controlled legislature and allied functionaries, instigated a racist and anti-Black crusade against the teaching of accurate U.S. racial history as well as diversity, equity, and inclusion initiatives. Their actions have caused considerable harm to students, families, and educators. In this article, I recount my experience teaching at a public university in my home state of Florida during the Trump-DeSantis era, engaging in antiracist public scholarship, and ultimately deciding it was time to “get out.”

Donor activity is associated with US legislators' attention to political issues.

Campaign contributions are a staple of congressional life. Yet, the search for tangible effects of congressional donations often focuses on the association between contributions and votes on congressional bills. We present an alternative approach by considering the relationship between money and legislators' speech. Floor speeches are an important component of congressional behavior, and reflect a legislator's policy priorities and positions in a way that voting cannot. Our research provides the first comprehensive analysis of the association between a legislator's campaign donors and the policy issues they prioritize with congressional speech. Ultimately, we find a robust relationship between donors and speech, indicating a more pervasive role of money in politics than previously assumed. We use a machine learning framework on a new dataset that brings together legislator metadata for all representatives in the US House between 1995 and 2018, including committee assignments, legislative speech, donation records, and information about Political Action Committees. We compare information about donations against other potential explanatory variables, such as party affiliation, home state, and committee assignments, and find that donors consistently have the strongest association with legislators' issue-attention. We further contribute a procedure for identifying speech and donation events that occur in close proximity to one another and share meaningful connections, identifying the proverbial needles in the haystack of speech and donation activity in Congress which may be cases of interest for investigative journalism. Taken together, our framework, data, and findings can help increase the transparency of the role of money in politics.

The Upward Mobility Potential in U.S. Intercollegiate Athletics: A Critical Examination of NCAA Division I College Baseball Players’ Hometown Demographics

American meritocratic ideology positions sports as level playing fields in which individuals, regardless of their background, can ascend with the right combination of ability and effort. Yet few studies challenge the sport-meritocracy ideology by empirically examining the socioeconomic backgrounds of college athletes (Allison et al., 2018). Studies of youth sport participation show that community-level income shapes athletic opportunities suggesting class is a strong barrier to physical activity (NWLC, 2015; Sabo & Veliz, 2008; Tompsett & Knoester, 2022). Class inequalities are exacerbated in sports with robust privatized youth systems like baseball (Klein et al., 2020; Post et al., 2022). Utilizing a unique quantitative dataset of NCAA Division I college baseball players (n = 19,987), we consider the extent to which a community’s socioeconomic levels and racial demographics shape the chances of someone becoming a college baseball player. We compare college baseball players’ hometown income levels and racial demographics to their home state and to U.S. averages. We also consider differences across competitive divisions (i.e., Non-Power 5 vs. Power 5). Findings show that college baseball players—regardless of conference affiliation—commonly come from affluent, nonminority cities, with high education and income levels, indicating that socioeconomic status is a significant predictor of college athletic participation.

The Inner Banks: A Drive Home

Abstract: The author describes a journey to her home state of North Carolina from Vermont to find a more profound connection from which to draw for her environmental and fictional writing. Thinking of a place that she can call home, she drives through the state, specifically the Inner Banks region, while considering her personal experiences with the area and intimate understanding of its idiosyncrasies. She also contemplates the difficulty of portraying these elements and their complexities in a genuine way that is free of hyperbole. A particular focus is the area's environmental context and how it contributes to and is affected by climate change, which ultimately leads the author to a realization about her lack of true understanding of the Inner Banks, and the importance of learning about it in a more personal way.

Between banjos, beaches and bending gender: Negotiating the queer rural space in Hannah Montana

This article explores queer and non-heteronormative subtexts in connection with representations of rurality in the Disney family sitcom Hannah Montana (2006-2011). The multi-layered world, which the protagonist Hannah Montana/Miley Stewart inhabits, is shaped by sexual undercurrents closely linked to an imagined rural space. This space is constructed as the ‘sexual other’ in relation to the gender and body politics of the show’s main setting: Mailbu, California. In particular, the protagonist’s original home state of Tennessee forms a cultural repertoire in which dominant norms of gender performativity are ignored or subverted. Certain hints at queer codes and practices become identifiable when the rural space is invoked and contrasted with the perceived, sanitized ‘sexual normativity’ of Southern California. Projecting the non-normative onto the rural allows Disney to protect the show’s image as so-called wholesome family entertainment. The resulting play with queer practices, such as gender-bending and cross-dressing, is shown to connect with Disney’s attempts to queercode characters and spaces in order to facilitate the effective marketing of the show across multiple segments in an increasingly multi-sexual teen market. The role of the extratextual personae of Miley Cyrus and Billy Ray Cyrus complement this strategy, through their functioning as instructive models for ongoing negotiations of sexuality and gender among multi-generational audiences in the early twenty-first century.

Interstitial emergence of national defence entrepreneurial firms and re-configuration of the state as a defence actor: the case of Sweden’s Vesper Group

ABSTRACT Does growing reliance on private military and security companies (PMSCs) lead to the re-configuration of the state as a security and defence actor in Europe? Building on the multiple-networks-approach in organisation theory (Padgett and Powell), the current paper develops an analytical approach for studying the rise of new organizational forms in interstitial spaces via mechanisms including extension and differentiation; fusion and hybridity; transposition and refunctionality; and multivocality. The empirical analysis focuses on the rules and practices of Vesper Group - a PMSC working closely with the Swedish government. Several findings are reported. First, a new organizational form seems to be emerging as a result of the ongoing multiple network dynamics – national defence entrepreneurial firm. This is a type of a firm different from mainstream PMSCs in that it is owned by venture capital companies from their home state and also in that it is closely associated with its respective state in terms of its personnel policies, expertise and operational goals and scope. Second, the case of Sweden’s Vesper Group and its cooperation with the Swedish government indicates that some EU member states may also be in the process of structural and institutional mutation as providers of defence and crisis management capabilities.

Are female CEOs associated with lower insolvency risk? Evidence from the US property‐casualty insurance industry

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationship between female CEOs and insolvency risk of US property‐casualty insurance companies. We show that female CEOs are associated with lower insurer insolvency propensity, higher z‐score, and lower standard deviation of return on assets. These findings are robust to alternative econometric specifications to address potential endogeneity concerns and self‐selection issues, including propensity score matching, the instrumental variable approach, and the difference‐in‐difference approach. Furthermore, we find that the impact of female CEOs on insurer insolvency risk is moderated by firm capitalization, the presence of female directors, and political conservatism of insurers' home states.

Impact of cross border reverse migration in Delhi–UP region of India during COVID-19 lockdown

Abstract The declaration of a nationwide lockdown in India led to millions of migrant workers, particularly from Uttar Pradesh (UP) and Bihar, returning to their home states without proper transportation and social distancing from cities such as Delhi, Mumbai, and Hyderabad. This unforeseen migration and social mixing accelerated the transmission of diseases across the country. To analyze the impact of reverse migration on disease progression, we have developed a disease transmission model for the neighboring Indian states of Delhi and UP. The model’s essential mathematical properties, including positivity, boundedness, equilibrium points (EPs), and their linear stability, as well as computation of the basic reproduction number ( R 0 ) \left({R}_{0}) , are studied. The mathematical analysis reveals that the model with active reverse migration cannot reach a disease-free equilibrium, indicating that the failure of restrictive mobility intervention caused by reverse migration kept the disease propagation alive. Further, PRCC analysis highlights the need for effective home isolation, better disease detection techniques, and medical interventions to curb the spread. The study estimates a significantly shorter doubling time for exponential growth of the disease in both regions. In addition, the occurrence of synchronous patterns between epidemic trajectories of the Delhi and UP regions accentuates the severe implications of migrant plight on UP’s already fragile rural health infrastructure. By using COVID-19 incidence data, we quantify key epidemiological parameters, and our scenario analyses demonstrate how different lockdown plans might have impacted disease prevalence. Based on our observations, the transmission rate has the most significant impact on COVID-19 cases. This case study exemplifies the importance of carefully considering these issues before implementing lockdowns and social isolation throughout the country to combat future outbreaks.

Returning the Home State to the Global Anti-Corruption Campaign

Abstract International investment law is facing significant challenges in combating corruption in investment activities. The existing scholarly discussions are mostly centred upon the triangular relationship between the foreign investor, the host State and the investment arbitration tribunal. The role of another important body—the home State—has been under-examined, which seems to be better placed to implement measures to effectively govern investors’ (mis)conduct and ensure responsible investments. After identifying the low rate of substantiated corrupt acts in investment arbitration and the lack of a robust corruption prevention system in investment treaties, this article argues that participation of home States in arbitration proceedings can help mitigate those arduous evidentiary challenges and facilitate the fact-finding process. Home States should also impose obligations of delivering periodic corruption risk assessments on investors through domestic legislation and investment treaties.

The Role of the World Heritage Convention for Foreign Investments and Investment Disputes: An Overlooked Instrument for Preventing Harmful Investment Activities?

Investment activities by foreign investors such as mining operations or energy production can threaten natural and cultural World Heritage, which is protected under the World Heritage Convention. As World Heritage sites have been at the heart of various (recent) investment disputes, the question arises as to how obligations under the World Heritage Convention affect investment activities and investment disputes. The article seeks to shed light on this issue by analysing different aspects of the World Heritage Convention in the context of investment law. It starts by exploring how investment tribunals have approached investment disputes involving World Heritage sites and what their decisions imply for the regulation of investment activities in or near World Heritage sites. Subsequently, the article examines which obligations the World Heritage Convention imposes on foreign investors, host states, and investors‘ home states. In the analysis of the home states‘ duties, Article 6(3) of the Convention, which has hitherto received little scholarly attention, is of particular interest. Based on decisions of the World Heritage Committee and doctrinal opinions, the authors interpret said provision and place it in the specific context of investment law. In doing so, they find that a limited duty to regulate exists for home states of investors if they provide financial or non-financial support to a business operation abroad.

'Growing your own' a case study of a collaborative training program in medical radiation science.

Two universities run a collaborative Medical Radiation Science program where students undertake study in Tasmania before transferring to a partner university in another state to complete their program. This study assessed rates and predictors of graduate radiographers, radiation therapists and nuclear medicine technologists (collectively classified as medical radiation practitioners according to AHPRA [https://www.medicalradiationpracticeboard.gov.au/About.aspx; ahpra.gov.au/registration/registers] contemporary classification) returning to Tasmania and rural locations to practice. A cross-sectional 22-item online survey including open-ended questions was administered via Facebook. Rates of graduates working in Tasmania and rural locations, work satisfaction, and program efficacy were assessed. Logistic regression was used to assess predictors of working in Tasmania and rural locations. 58 Facebook members from a total of 87 program graduates were invited to participate. Of these, 21 responded. Thirteen (62.0%) were currently working in Tasmania, of which the majority practised in regional (MMM2) areas. Most (90.5%) reported that they were happy at work, with all participants reporting the course prepared them well or very well for their first professional jobs. 71.4% stated that the provision of the first 2 years of the course in their home state influenced their decision to study medical radiation science. Being born in a rural region (MMM > 2) was a predictor for working in Tasmania (OR = 3.5) and rural locations (OR = 1.77). Males were twice as likely to work in Tasmania (OR = 2.3) and more rural locations (OR = 2.0). Collaboration is beneficial in producing professionals in regions with smaller enrolments limit the ability to grow their own graduates independently. Interuniversity collaborative models are recommended for other rural regions to meet local health workforce needs.

Yugoslav Emigrants in Brazil from the Habsburgs to Karađorđevićs: Transnational Political Engagement on the Peripheries?

Abstract This article addresses how the Habsburg Empire and interwar Yugoslavia engaged with their emigrants in Brazil, and examines emigration patterns. It suggests that despite these emigrants not insignificant presence in Brazil, both European states demonstrated minimal interest in their subjects in the largest Latin American country. By contrast, the emigrants themselves aimed at attracting their home state’s attention, thus making the Yugoslav emigrant network visible. Tracing emigrant transnational political practices on the eve of the First World War, this article examines the establishment and withering of the South Slavic community in Brazil. It does so by situating the emigrant network within the transnational social field, defined by the sending and receiving states and by emigrant activists. Without oversight from the home state, and restrictive policies by the receiving country, these activists manipulated emigrants’ interests for personal benefit, contributing to community disruption before the Second World War.

The home state effect: How subnational governments shape climate coalitions

AbstractOrganized business interests often seek to block public interest regulations. But whether firms oppose regulation depends on institutional context. We argue that, in federal systems, sub‐national policies and politics can have a home state effect on firms' national policy preferences and the lobbying coalitions they join. State policies that force firms to absorb regulatory cost can reduce the marginal cost of national policies, leading to preference shifts. In addition, firms regulated at the state level have incentives to strategically align with their state governments to avoid future regulatory cost. We test our argument in the context of U.S. climate politics, matching original data on the positions of electric utilities toward the Clean Power Plan and data on ad hoc coalition membership with data measuring state policy stringency and state government positions. Quantitative evidence is consistent with hypotheses: both state policies and state politics influence utilities' positions on national climate policy. Qualitative evidence from elite interviews helps clarify the roles of different mechanisms. Our findings underscore the importance of sub‐national governments in shaping national lobbying coalitions.

Nationality and Citizenship : From the Hungarian Minority System to the Adoption of Rwandophones in the Democratic Republic of Congo

"At the dawn of the third decade of inter-communal, inter-ethnic and inter-tribal wars opposing different armed groups to the exhaustion of the public form, the Democratic Republic of Congo has cried out on the roof of the world to denounce the pullers of the strings, without finding the slightest echo of its cries of distress. On the other hand, under the ashes of thousands of deaths and the rape of women and children, the appetites of politicians ready to do anything to satisfy their fantasies flourish. Perhaps it is time to come to our senses and understand that there is no lack of solutions. It is the choices and priorities that come first. We are convinced that peace as an option in the Great Lakes region can be reconciled with the interests of the various decision-makers. The study of the Hungarian minority system serves as a model for designing the conditions or possibilities for a lasting peace in the Congo. If Hungarian solutions have enabled Hungary to solve its internal problems, they could in one way or another be the basis for peace in the DRC. We rely on Hungary's recognition of the national and ethnic minorities existing within its nation and state, on the one hand, and on the other, on the responsibility clauses that commit the Hungarian government to the protection of its various nations outside the borders of the motherland. We must be aware of the national minorities living in the DRC and the need for agreements between their home state and the DRC on the limit of responsibility of the latter. Hoping to obtain results similar to our intentions, we dare to believe that it is possible to reproduce the Hungarian solutions in the Congo. Keywords: nationality, citizenship, national minority, ethnic minority, responsibility clause."

"How the Personal Profiles of US State Governors Impact on Financial Sustainability"

"This paper considers the extent to which the Governor’s profile might influence the financial sus tainability of the State government, via an empirical study of 50 US States during the period 2006–2013. The results obtained show that financial sustain ability may be prejudiced when the State govern ment experienced financial unsustainability during the previous year, and when it is led by a Governor who is a Democrat, Black, and/or long serving. A favorable influence on financial sustainability is pro duced when the Governor is female, serving in his/ her home State, has children and has a college edu cation. These findings highlight factors that should be considered with respect to promoting financial sustainability via public policies, providing valuable information to facilitate supervision by the State Legislature (General Assembly) and Supreme Audit Institutions. Moreover, these findings enable oppo sition parties and other stakeholders as citizens to evaluate the financial viability of electoral promises."

The Geoeconomics of Belt and Road Disputes: A Case Study on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

AbstractThis article argues that the dovetailing economic, geopolitical, and security interests that underpin the Belt and Road Initiative demands a dispute resolution mechanism that focuses on broader interests and legal rights. Using the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) as a case study, it identifies the conditions in which Chinese investors could have initiated an investment arbitration but did not. This can be explained by the rights-based orientation of investment treaties failing to reflect the interests of multi-project initiatives. Instead, alternative methods of home state intervention, such as state-funded political risk insurance, are used to protect investors. In other words, the political economy of CPEC investments refuses to utilize hard law mechanisms. Given this context, mediation may be a viable alternative. These circumstances accelerate the trend towards “de-legalization”, which is often cited as an inevitable consequence of the emerging “geoeconomic order” but suggests that reasons other than national security are the cause.

Editor’s Introduction

Introduction| June 01 2023 Editor’s Introduction: What Does This Moment Ask of Me? Kakali Bhattacharya Kakali Bhattacharya Kakali Bhattacharya is an award-winning professor at the University of Florida housed in the Research, Evaluation, and Measurement Program. Substantively, she explores transnational issues of race, class, and gender in higher education. Her work has made spaces in interdisciplinary de/colonizing work and qualitative research where creativity and contemplative approaches are legitimized and seen as gateways for cultivating depth, integrity, expansive inquiry, and discovering critical insights.She is the 2022 winner of the American Educational Research Association’s (AERA) inaugural Guba award for Outstanding Contributions to Qualitative Research from the Qualitative Research Special Interest Group (SIG). She is the 2018 winner of AERA’s Mid-Career Scholar of Color Award. Her co-authored text with Kent Gillen, Power, Race, and Higher Education: A Cross-Cultural Parallel Narrative, has won a 2017 Outstanding Publication Award from AERA (SIG 168) and a 2018 Outstanding Book Award from the International Congress of Qualitative Research. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Departures in Critical Qualitative Research (2023) 12 (2): 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2023.12.2.1 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Email Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Kakali Bhattacharya; Editor’s Introduction: What Does This Moment Ask of Me?. Departures in Critical Qualitative Research 1 June 2023; 12 (2): 1–4. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/dcqr.2023.12.2.1 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentDepartures in Critical Qualitative Research Search When the noise of the day winds down, and I am taking stock of things at night, I ask myself if I have done everything I could to meet the moments of my day from a place of possibilities, expanded consciousness, generosity of spirit, and generativity. I confess that I am unable to do all of these things consistently. But taking stock of how I met the moments allows me to understand why I do the work that I do and where I have to do more work. At this moment, the world remains simultaneously in many forms of crisis and possibilities. In my home state of Florida, a bill, HB 999, will be passed that challenges academic freedom in higher education and is poised to remove faculty governance in hiring our colleagues. The bill attacks diversity, equity, and inclusivity as radical, leftist propaganda, creating multiple barriers to doing this... You do not currently have access to this content.