Home Learning Activities Research Articles

Being a Mother, Student, and Educator: Graduate Student-Mothers' Parenting Experience During COVID-19 Pandemic

COVID-19 pandemic has been a life-changing experience in many families, affecting parents whose current responsibilities are not only being caregivers, but also educators to their children who are forced to learn from home. This situation deeply affects student mothers who have multiple roles at home, which are maintaining a postgraduate study, being housewives, and accompanying their children in online learning. This study aims to explore the lived experience of student mothers in parenting their school-age children during the pandemic, which is viewed from the quality of parenting (positive and negative parenting) and parenting stress perceived by mothers during the home learning activities. The participants were four mothers who are currently undergoing postgraduate study and have children enrolled in kindergarten and primary school (grade 1-3), and learning from home during the pandemic. The method used is qualitative, with an exploratory approach. The data were obtained through online semi-structured interviews and processed using thematic analysis methods. There are 7 themes emerged from the results, which are: 1) balancing multiple responsibilities, 2) experience in educating children from home, 3) adjusting parent expectations, 4) changes in social relationships , 5) agreements about screen time, 6) eating behaviors and physical exercises, 7) setting up new routine. These themes which will be discussed further, along with their implications for the parents’ psychological well-being.

A Closer Look at the Birth Order Effect on Early Cognitive and School Readiness Development in Diverse Contexts.

Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study–Birth Cohort data, we examined the effect of birth order (firstborn vs. later-born) on children's cognitive skills at 24 months and school readiness (i.e., math and literacy) skills at age 4 years. Previous research in the U.S. using predominantly English-speaking, low-risk samples suggests that firstborns tend to show better early cognitive and school readiness skills than later-born children. However, results of the current study showed that although there was a firstborn advantage in low-risk or English-speaking families, in high-risk or language minority families, later-born children showed equivalent or even better skills than firstborn children. Our moderated mediation models revealed that children's engagement in home learning activities mediated the relation between birth order and developmental outcomes, and families' cumulative risks and language minority status moderated the mediation pathways. These findings underscore the complex associations between birth order and early development in diverse ecological contexts.

THE EFFECT OF HOME STUDY IMPLEMENTATION ON STUDENTS' LEARNING MOTIVATION IN CLASS IX SMPIT GITA WIRABANGSA

Purpose study this is for know influence implementation study at home to motivation study students at the Class IX SMPIT Gita Wirabangsa. This study uses a survey method with a quantitative approach. Data collection techniques using the questionnaire given to student force class IX with sample 20% of population, sample used researcher as many as 314 students. The results showed that the implementation of home learning activities had a positive effect on students' learning motivation, and the correlation value of home learning on students' learning motivation was in a weak position.

THE PROJECT-BASED LEARNING FOR GEOMETRY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The changing system in the current learning process at all levels of education due to the coronavirus pandemic. This study aimed to conduct literature review on project-based online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic and the impact on policies toward home learning activities. A project-based online learning system offers many ways to access learning materials for teachers and students. Many online learning platforms and media can be accessed for free. Some of the free platforms that have proven effective for managing online learning include Google Classroom and Edmodo. At least 12 free online learning resource applications can be used during the Covid-19 pandemic, including Rumah Belajar, ICANDO, Meja Kita, Indonesia X, Kelas Pintar, Google for Education, Microsoft Office 365, Quipper, Ruang Guru, Zenius, Sekolahmu, and Cisco Webex. Some obstacles in implementing online learning include limitations of the Internet and unfamiliar knowledge of teachers and students about the application of online learning media. Therefore, more effort is needed to address these issues, starting with individuals, families, educational institutions, providers, and government services.

Elementary School Children’s Home Learning Environments: Mathematics, Reading, Science, and Written Language

It is well accepted that the home learning environment impacts school performance; however, much of the previous research has focused on preschool children. This exploratory study used an online, Qualtrics survey to ask parents (n = 177) of elementary students about the home learning environment. Our research questions addressed (1) the amount of time children spend on mathematics, reading, written language, and science at home, and differences by subject and/or grade; (2) parental beliefs about the importance of engaging in home learning activities in each of the four subjects; (3) parental confidence in supporting each of the four academic subjects; (4) parental and child enjoyment of the four academic subjects; and (5) who (parents, child, or teacher) initiated home learning activities in the different subject areas. The results indicated that elementary school-age children were engaged in reading, mathematics, science, and written language activities at home; however, the most time was spent on reading activities. Parents reported viewing engagement and assistance with academically related activities at home as important; however, they were more confident assisting with reading and written language than mathematics or science. Strong associations were noted between parental enjoyment of a subject and their confidence in assisting their child. Overall, teachers initiated more activities for older children and were more likely to initiate mathematics activities. When children initiated an activity, it was typically reading related.

ABCs and 123s: A large birth cohort study examining the role of the home learning environment in early cognitive development

The aim of this study was to examine the role of different types of home learning activities, such as reading, singing, painting, playing games, and letters and numbers (ABCs and 123 s), in the development of nonverbal reasoning skills in young children. Although much previous research has focused on the role of the home learning environment in the development of language and numeracy skills, few studies have explored other aspects of cognitive development such as nonverbal reasoning. The data were drawn from the Growing Up in Ireland study, a nationally representative longitudinal birth cohort study. We examined whether learning activities were associated with scores on standardized nonverbal reasoning and vocabulary tests of the British Ability Scales in a sample of 9793 3-year-old children. The regression models also controlled for other factors that potentially influence cognitive development such as the parent–child relationship and maternal education. The findings indicate that activities such as reading, games, and painting/drawing have a small but statistically significant association with nonverbal reasoning scores, as well as with vocabulary scores, even after controlling for other factors in the model. Teaching the alphabet or numbers did not make significant contributions to the model. The findings of the study highlight the importance of considering the role of different types of home learning activities, as well as other environmental factors, in different aspects of cognitive development. We consider the implications of the findings for theories of cognitive development and for supporting cognitive development in young children.

MEMAHAMI PERILAKU KONSUMEN MUSLIM SEBELUM DAN SELAMA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

Based on a preliminary study that the author conducted through direct interviews with people who act as financial regulators in a family regarding changes in purchasing during the covid-19 pandemic, it shows that perceptions and buying behavior vary. Further research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on changes in consumer buying behavior towards attitude taking in deciding to buy an item or service. This needs to be done because Indonesia is a country that does not enforce a lockdown so that this condition will lead to different behavior from conditions that occur abroad. The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in consumer buying behavior in Indonesia towards the basic needs of goods and services during the covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia and the factors that play a role in determining consumer purchasing decisions in Indonesia for basic goods and services before and during the covid-19 pandemic. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique with a total of 30 consumers. Data analysis using structural equation modeling. Based on the results of the study, changes in consumer buying behavior in Indonesia towards the basic needs of goods and services during the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia were in the shift from offline buying patterns to online, as well as a shift from purchasing products purchased during the Covid-19 pandemic which switched from Posts for traveling activities, shopping for clothing needs and tertiary needs switch to health products such as hand sanitizers, vitamins and masks, as well as data quotas that support work from home activities and learning activities for those who already have school-age children. Factors that play a role in determining the purchase decision are the convenience, competitive prices and quality of health products.
 
 Keywords: consumer behavior, pandemic, Covid-19., Muslim

MENGINVESTIGASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN MUSLIM YANG EFEKTIF ANAK USIA DINI DIMASA PANDEMIC COVID-19

The corona virus (Covid-19) that is hitting the world today is very influential on social and economic life, and even has an impact on the world of education. The Indonesian government has taken a policy which is stated in Government Regulation No. 21 of 2020. The article explains to limit school activities with BDR (Learning From Home) learning activities through the circular letter of the Minister of Education and Culture 36962/MPK.A/HK/2020 which stated that all learning must be done online to prevent the spread of the corona virus disease (Covid-19). The existence of government policies that enforce online learning ultimately requires parents to be able to guide their children to study at home and can replace teachers at school, so that parents play an important role in achieving online learning goals. This study specifically discusses the involvement of parent-teacher relationships in achieving effective learning models during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological method. The research population includes parents and teachers from kindergarten to elementary school grade 2 and the sample technique using Purposive Sampling includes 10 parents and 10 teachers. Qualitative data analysis consists of five stages including collecting data into a formal database (compile database), breaking down data in the database (disassemble database), reassembly (compiling), interpreting (interpreting data) and the last stage is providing conclusions (conclude). Research data processing consists of coding (coding), data classification (classify), followed by categorization or categorization, or also called in-vivo term or in-vivo coding. Government policies that enforce online learning in fact make children less able to understand the material so that learning becomes less effective. The results of the assessment found that the problem was that not all levels of education were able to support the implementation of education through the use of the internet. Some teachers in various regions also feel uneasy about the online learning model. This is inseparable from the importance of face-to-face learning which should be important for early childhood children. Learning that is applied during the pandemic shows a big change and tends to lead to a decline. This is because the educational model contradicts the educational goals that are applied and needed for early childhood who require a lot of interaction with other people.
 
 Keywords : Effectiveness of learning, online learning, phenomenology, basic education

Riesgo Y Resiliencia: Exploring the Role of Parenting Stress and Self-efficacy on Young Latino Children’s Well-being and Home Learning Experiences during COVID-19

ABSTRACT The current study explored the associations between parenting stress and p\\arental self-efficacy on children’s social-emotional functioning and home learning practices among Latino families. Families were recruited as part of a pilot study of a parent-focused school readiness intervention that was conducted via telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was comprised of children (Mage = 3.02 years; 64% male) enrolled in Early Head Start, and their parents (97% biological mothers). At baseline, parents reported on family demography, parenting stress, involvement in home learning activities (i.e., literacy and math), their self-efficacy in managing a range of situations related to raising young children, and children’s social-emotional functioning. Study findings indicated that parenting stress was negatively associated with parent’s home literacy involvement, but not with home math involvement. Results also indicated that parental self-efficacy moderated the relationship between parenting stress and children’s social-emotional functioning, specifically externalizing and internalizing problems. Lastly, results indicated a positive association between parenting stress and children’s adaptive skills. Findings from the current study help elucidate our understanding of the psychological well-being of young Latino children and families during COVID-19, and will potentially inform future efforts aimed at supporting Latino parents’ well-being and children’s early learning experiences during a global health crisis.

Distributive Leadership Roles for Primary School Teachers’ Efficiency in New Norm: Focus Group Analysis

Abstract: As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the education sector in Malaysia had undergone drastic changes and new norms are now in place. Among them are online home teaching and learning (PdPR) activities. This situation has become challenging and worrying especially in the primary school education sector. The Ministry of Education (2021) reported that there were 2,741,837 pupils in primary schools, compared to 2,037,433 pupils in secondary schools. These large numbers certainly affect the way school leaders manage the available resources. To alleviate this problem, school leaders are seen to have played an important role in helping teachers and pupils to adapt to the new online home teaching and learning (PdPR) environment. Therefore, this study examines the distributive leadership practices on the efficiency of primary school teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic period and challenges from the perspective of school leaders in managing and leading schools during this difficult period. A qualitative design with a phenomenology approach was used in studying and exploring their experiences. Five informants had collaborated in this study, and five main themes emerged: designation and sharing of school missions, visions, and goals; sharing of responsibilities; giving positive changes to teachers and students; giving changes to teachers to develop leadership skills; and cooperation - coordination and mutual understanding between education leaders and teachers. Through these themes, it is found that distributive leadership can be consistently pre-dedicated across all educational institutions. Besides sharing responsibilities, distributive leadership had enhanced teachers' knowledge and skills. 
 
 Keywords: Challenges, Distributive Leadership, Online Teaching and Learning, Teacher Self-Efficacy, Malaysia.

Home learning activities and parental autonomy support as predictors of pre-academic skills: The mediating role of young children's school liking

This study investigated the mediating role of children's school liking between parent-child interactions and children's pre-academic skills. Specifically, parent-child interactions included frequency of mothers' and fathers' formal and informal home learning activities with children, as well as their autonomy support during these activities. Three hundred first-year kindergarteners were tested on two aspects of pre-academic skills, namely oral vocabulary and object counting, while their mothers and fathers reported parent-child interactions and children's school liking. Structural equation modeling showed that after controlling for demographic variables, mother-child informal learning activities and mothers' and fathers' autonomy support were positively linked to children's pre-academic skills via school liking. Father-child informal learning activities and mother- and father-child formal learning activities were not related to children's school liking nor to pre-academic skills. Our findings suggest that more coaching can be provided to parents on how to promote children's school liking and pre-academic skills.

PEMBELAJARAN DARING BERBASIS PROJECT BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI BANGUN DATAR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

There has been a change in the current learning system at all levels of education due to the coronavirus pandemic. This study aims to explore theoretically from bibliographic studies related to project-based learning during the Covid19 pandemic the impact on policies towards home learning activities. A bold learning system based on project-based learning that provides multiple ways to access learning materials for teachers and students. Many online learning platforms and media are available for free. Some free platforms that have been shown to be effective in solving learning difficulties include Google Classroom and Edmodo. There are at least 12 free online learning resource apps that can be used during the Covid19 pandemic, including Learning House, Icando, Desk Kita, Indonesia X, Smart Class, Google for Education, Microsoft Office 365, Quipper, Ruangguru, Zenius, Sekolahmu, and Cisco Webex. Several obstacles to the implementation of immersive learning include limitations of the internet and unfamiliar knowledge among teachers and students about the adoption of e-learning materials. Therefore, more effort is needed to address these issues starting with individuals, families, educational institutions, government providers and services. One learning approach that can be used to maximize daring learning is to adopt a learning project-based approach. This learning model gives students the opportunity to discuss concepts in depth, which can also improve their learning outcomes.

PEMBELAJARAN DARING BERBASIS PROJECT BASED LEARNING PADA MATERI BANGUN DATAR DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19

There has been a change in the current learning system at all levels of education due to the coronavirus pandemic. This study aims to explore theoretically from bibliographic studies related to project-based learning during the Covid19 pandemic the impact on policies towards home learning activities. A bold learning system based on project-based learning that provides multiple ways to access learning materials for teachers and students. Many online learning platforms and media are available for free. Some free platforms that have been shown to be effective in solving learning difficulties include Google Classroom and Edmodo. There are at least 12 free online learning resource apps that can be used during the Covid19 pandemic, including Learning House, Icando, Desk Kita, Indonesia X, Smart Class, Google for Education, Microsoft Office 365, Quipper, Ruangguru, Zenius, Sekolahmu, and Cisco Webex. Several obstacles to the implementation of immersive learning include limitations of the internet and unfamiliar knowledge among teachers and students about the adoption of e-learning materials. Therefore, more effort is needed to address these issues starting with individuals, families, educational institutions, government providers and services. One learning approach that can be used to maximize daring learning is to adopt a learning project-based approach. This learning model gives students the opportunity to discuss concepts in depth, which can also improve their learning outcomes.

Text to talk: Effects of a home-school vocabulary texting intervention on prekindergarten vocabulary

This paper presents the results of an intervention study focused on understanding how a 5-month, vocabulary-focused texting program called Text to Talk can enhance home-school connections concerning vocabulary and preschool children's language learning. Classrooms (49) were randomly assigned to intervention or control status in an urban preschool program in the eastern United States. Intervention teachers delivered Text to Talk, a curriculum-aligned program that provides weekly texts for teachers to send to families that include vocabulary words and related activities from books being read in the classroom. Children's target word knowledge and receptive language skills (PPVT) were measured at baseline and follow-up, with treatment effects on target word knowledge (d = 0.17). Treatment families reported much higher use of texting as a source of communication with teachers, but otherwise rates of home-school communication in person, phone, and with paper were unchanged; family self-report of general home learning activities was also unaffected by treatment status. Implementation analysis showed moderate to high fidelity among teachers and families, with greater family fidelity associated with larger treatment impacts. The findings suggest that a family-focused texting-based program, aligned with the school curriculum, leads to improved taught-word knowledge among children from under-resourced communities.

Parent time investments in their children's learning during a policy-mandated shutdown: parent, child, and household influences

State-level policies in Ohio during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States involved physical school closures and work-from-home requirements when possible. Presumably, these policies and resulting impacts on homes with children would alter parent time investments in their children with respect to home-learning activities. In this study, we assessed parent time investments specific to home-learning activities with their children, and key predictors of these investments. Using data from a comprehensive survey completed by 559 caregivers of children (aged birth to 9 years) during a state-mandated stay-at-home order and widespread school closure, we assessed whether parent time investments in children's learning were associated with: (1) parents’ mental health and social connectedness, (2) children's level of emotional distress, and (3) household characteristics including chaos, social needs, and structure. Results indicate significant negative associations between each of parent loneliness, children's emotional distress, and household chaos with parent time investments in children's learning, controlling for parents’ socio-demographic and economic status. This suggests that parent time investments during the early stages of the pandemic were limited by a number of factors outside of socioeconomic resources. Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects of home environments, including parent time investments in children's learning, on child development during this unprecedented time in world history.

Resilience in Online Learning: A Case Study for Language Learners

The Covid-19 pandemic has changed the world especially the education sector requiring the educators and students to carry out online/virtual home learning activities. The students with various assignments given by lecturers are required to be able to survive in difficult conditions started from must be able to survive in all pressures, tasks, and various problems experienced during online/virtual learning, must be able to demonstrate good academic resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic till must be able to survive in various conditions and in a state of covid-19. This study used descriptive qualitative research method with research subjects were the students in the English Education Study Program in Universitas Pembinaan Masyarakat Indonesia batch 2020/2021. The results showed that the academic resilience of students was in the high category with a percentage of 63% and in the medium category by 37%. It indicates that during the Covid-19 pandemic, students were able to survive in these conditions and were able to get out of the academic problems they experienced and were able to get out of the academic pressures that existed during the virtual or online teaching and learning process.

Bulgarian Parents’ Attitudes to Literacy Activities Through Digital Devices and Relevant Sociodemographic Factors at The Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aims to establish correlations between the use of digital devices for literacy activities and the demographic and socio-cultural characteristics of parents, children and the family during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bulgaria. Thе study includes parents of 172 children aged 2 to 8 who completed online questionnaires related to home learning activities and the use of digital devices by families and children. The findings show that parents have a positive attitude towards engaging in literacy and reading activities through digital devices with their children, but do not support the excessive use of digital devices by children. We found that older children, girls, and children who use digital devices to communicate with family members and friends are more likely to engage in literacy activities through digital devices. Our findings corroborate other recent studies in underscoring the importance of partnership between children and their parents for children’s development in today’s environment.

Pengabdian dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan melalui rumah belajar dan konseling anak

In the education sector, Kelurahan Maharani has two Islamic Boarding Schools and one Early Childhood Education (PAUD). The learning process in Kelurahan Maharani is carried out online, namely learning at home. Based on observations, there are many parents who complain about online learning. The lack of knowledge and limited time to assist are one of the reasons why parents find it difficult to assist students in learning at home. The learning house service activity was carried out in August which was carried out continuously until the Kukerta period ended. The hope is that with the learning house service activities, it is able to grow and increase the enthusiasm of students in studying at home. In its implementation, the learning house is carried out with small talk, explanations, question and answer and tests. The results obtained are an increase in the understanding of student who participate in home learning activities. This is because there is comfort in the process of learning and learning the basic things of the material to be learned.

Pemanfaatan Youtube Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Bahasa Jepang di SMAN 10 Malang Pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19

SMAN 10 Malang began implementing learning from home activities since the issuance of a circular from the government regarding the implementation of education policies during the Covid-19 emergency. Japanese language learning which is one of the subjects at SMAN 10 Malang that is studied by students majoring in Language and Mathematics and Natural Sciences, is also carried out online. In meeting these challenges, Youtube media is used for Japanese language learning during home learning activities (BDR). This study aims to describe the use of Youtube in Japanese language class dan to determine how interest and student learning outcomes in Japanese language learning using Youtube media during BDR activities. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method with the process of collecting primary data through the results of student response questionnaires, as well as secondary data through the results of evaluation of student learning in Japanese language learning using Youtube media. The results of data analysis showed that students' interest in using Youtube media as a medium for learning Japanese language during BDR activities was in highest criteria. Moreover, the data has shown a satisfactory result in learning Japanese language through Youtube as a learning media.

PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS DARING TERHADAP PRESTASI MAHASISWA PRODI DIPLOMA III KEBIDANAN

Pandemic situation covid-19 that hit the world, made everyone forced to isolate themselves in the house, causing all activities to be done at home, including the teaching and learning process. Home learning activities are still carried out using online methods.The purpose of this study is to find out the influence of online-based learning on student learning achievement. The samples in this study were all students of Diploma Three Midwifery Program numbering 70 people.This research uses descriptive design with quantitative approach, data analysis used chi square. The results of the study have the effect of online-based learning on student achievement. Obtained a significance score of 0.025 smaller than 0.05 which means that online learning has an influence on student achievement (P<0.05). It is expected that parents can supervise during the implementation of learning, and it is expected that lecturers can use the right methods so that the material can be absorbed by students properly.