Holistic Values Research Articles

Responsible leadership toward garnering legitimacy from stakeholders in India: an institutional perspective

PurposeUnderstanding societal expectations of a leader's responsibility and context-specific challenges in less-researched emerging economies has become imperative for foreign Multinational enterprises (MNEs) to survive in these contexts while developing globally responsible leaders. Identification of institutionally sanctioned characteristics, competencies and strategies that assist leaders in dealing with such challenges while achieving shared value has wider implications for academics, practitioners and the literature on responsible leadership (RL), which is the purpose of this paper.Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted in-depth interviews of 28 senior indigenous leaders in 3 Indian Multinational corporations (MNCs) in construction sector, following a grounded theory approach.FindingsThe authors identified three vital institutionally driven challenges and four individual-level societal-driven factors, subsequently influencing leaders' strategic decisions and choices to deal with such challenges beyond passive conformance. Contrary to the previous findings, this study also briefly discusses that a mere ethical climate is insufficient; organizations must develop a holistic values climate that works as contextual factors to influence RL.Originality/valueContrary to the previous findings suggesting Indian leaders' conformance to constraining forces to RL, by adopting a multilevel approach, the authors identify the context-specific strategic behaviors that responsible leaders adopt in dealing with such forces responsibly. Thus, it is the first multilevel inductive approach conducted in a non-Western context, offering a discrete understanding of RL while addressing some of the inconsistencies in the literature and contributing to cross-cultural leadership research. Also, findings highlight the factors of RL that are more emic and etic for generalization.

Exploring cultural values of African wetlands for sustainable conservation: Okavango Delta World Heritage Site, Botswana

PurposeThis study applied the Heritage Place Lab (HPL) research-practice teams methodology to identify missing cultural values and/or oversubscribed natural values and assess impacts on sustainable conservation of the Okavango Delta World Heritage Site. The authors found that cultural elements are often overlooked owing to limited inputs from trans-disciplinary and cross-stakeholder perspectives to conservation. This may explain why the majority of African sites on the List of World Heritage in Danger are of “natural” designations, as an absence of cultural values is linked to the exclusion of people and, therefore, gives rise to conflicts of access and use.Design/methodology/approachWorld Heritage Site statistics, published and non-published documents/literature, site maps, site registers, consultancy reports and archival materials were used to assess whether existing as well as potential natural and cultural site values were considered for the contemporary management of the Okavango Delta site in a way that leads to a sustainable conservation approach. The composition of the research-practice team as suggested by the HPL methodology constituted a ready-made diverse team of academics, policy makers and community members that could apply its diverse expertise to fully assess whether all values necessary for a sustainable conservation approach are accounted for.FindingsUsing expertise of trans-disciplinary team populated during the HPL, the authors found that cultural values of the OD-WHS are not highlighted in the OUVs dossier but are significantly expressed on site by locals, leading to potential conflicts of conservation. The research alerts conservationists to embrace an approach that includes all values on the site in order move towards sustainable conservation.Research limitations/implicationsMore research that require funding is needed to cover a wider area of the site, as well as enable work in adjoining countries to compare experiences per country - The Okavango waterbody starts in Angola and go through Namibia, and finally to Botswana.Practical implicationsConservation indicators of African nature world heritage sites constitute of, and border on, diverse stakeholders. An all-encompassing approach such as the Heritage Place Lab (HPL) methodology approach always needs to be factored in.Social implicationsIncluding cultural aspects of world heritage sites designated as ‘natural' is important to allow for socio-cultural inclusion in conservation management. This allows for local communities to become visible and active participants in the management of the site as they contribute their socio-cultural qualities to landscape conservation and management, a process that has potential to enhance sustainable conservation of the Okavango Delta site landscape, as well as other wetlands across the world.Originality/value The adopted approach to values assessment has somehow not conformed to the OUVs emphasis or other dichotomies of the World Heritage criteria but instead assessed on-the-ground management practice against key sustainable conservation indicators. Using the ICCROM HPL trans-disciplinary research-practice team approach, the focus was on a holistic values assessment of the site. The authors found that cultural values are currently under recognised, under-acknowledged and less expressed; creating potential conflicts that may hinder achievement of sustainable conservation and management of the site towards 2030 SDG agenda.

The paradigm of peace enhancing peace culture

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine peace as a paradigm for promoting peace culture.Design/methodology/approachThe paper amalgamates paradigmatic concepts, insights and analytical writing while building on existing literature.FindingsThe findings of this research suggest that the paradigm of peace can be used as a model to promote peace culture and harmony in the 21st century, which is characterized by “hyper” and “super” diversity. Diversity is everywhere, including schools, workplaces and marketplaces. Diversity is very complex and encompasses nearly every element of human life. Diversity should not only be based on the race, culture, ethnicity, religion or gender of an individual. Diversity should be based on the uniqueness of an individual. The fact that we live in a diverse world does not mean that we cannot coexist harmoniously. This paper explores the paradigm of peace research by focusing on how it enhances peace culture to thrive amidst diversity. This study also illustrates that peace and conflict studies cannot be restricted to the resolution of war, violence and conflict. It can likewise aid us in addressing cultural, racial, religious and ethnic concerns. In addition, this research demonstrates that encouraging positive peace (and discouraging negative peace) can be used as a deterrent against violence, including war and conflict. Furthermore, this paper demonstrates the significance of personal peace and some other types of peace. It demonstrates that inner peace combined with external peace yields personal peace. Therefore, an individual may not be able to enjoy the holistic values of personal peace without inner and external peace. Also, this research indicates that encouraging a daily culture of peace can assist us in becoming quotidian agents of peace.Originality/valueMost publications focused on peace and conflict but made no connection between peace and culture. In addition, the majority of publications did not discuss peace as a paradigm that can aid in promoting a culture of peace and nonviolence. In addition, most papers did not link peace culture with diversity. Moreover, the majority of studies did not connect peace with the environment. This study addresses these gaps by introducing peace as a paradigm for fostering a culture of peace amidst diversity in the 21st century. This paper introduces peace as a paradigm for promoting nonviolence, peace culture and harmony. This study also emphasizes the need for environmental peace, thereby increasing awareness of the problems that affect the planet. This study also includes a discussion of positive and negative peace, as well as other definitions and viewpoints of peace. It also underlines the importance of establishing positive peace. This paper can be used as an introductory pathway to understanding the intriguing aspect of peace that fosters a peace culture if practiced adequately and why a peace culture is important in a world of diversity.

Responsible Leadership Process in Organizations in India: A Qualitative Study

Using an inductive grounded theory approach, we aimed to understand the responsible leadership process (RL) in India which is an emerging economy, and put forth challenges to the business leaders different from those in the western institutions. We interviewed 26 executives from three organizations in India. The analysis of data revealed certain individual-level variables as a source of conferred legitimacy which further influence leaders’ ability to reconcile dilemmas and conflicts of interest and equip them with the strategies to deal with the challenges posed by the institution and the uncertain business environment in which they operate. This results in prosocial decisions and outcomes which further builds on to sources of legitimacy and works recursively as a process. Findings of the study resolve a few inconsistencies and suggest unique factors responsible for driving the process and are not evident or figured importantly in the literature on RL so far. Amongst this paternalistic ownership is a necessary mechanism unique to the cultural context for the process to occur. Contrary to the previous studies this study suggests the presence of mere ethical climate as insufficient and organization must build a constellation of holistic values climate to ensure the socially responsible behavior of employees.

Timing and Motivations for Alternative Cancer Therapy With Insights From a Crowdfunding Platform: Cross-sectional Mixed Methods Study.

BackgroundAlternative cancer therapy is associated with increased mortality, but little is known about those who pursue it.ObjectiveWe aimed to describe individuals’ motivations for using alternative cancer therapies and determine whether motivations differ based on individuals’ timing of seeking alternative therapies.MethodsWe used data from 649 campaigns posted on the website GoFundMe between 2011 and 2019 for beneficiaries with cancer pursuing alternative therapy. The data were analyzed using a mixed methods approach. Campaigns were categorized by timing of alternative therapy (either before or after experiencing conventional therapy). Qualitative analysis identified motivational themes. Chi-square tests of independence and Fisher tests (all 2-sided) determined significant differences in the presence of motivational themes between groups.ResultsThe expression of concerns about the efficacy of conventional therapy was significantly more likely in campaigns for individuals who used conventional therapy first than in campaigns for individuals who started with alternative therapy (63.3% vs 41.7%; P<.001). Moreover, on comparing those who started with alternative therapy and those who switched from conventional to alternative therapy, those who started with alternative therapy more often expressed natural and holistic values (49.3% vs 27.0%; P<.001), expressed an unorthodox understanding of cancer (25.5% vs 16.4%; P=.004), referenced religious or spiritual beliefs (15.1% vs 8.9%; P=.01), perceived alternative treatment as efficacious (19.1% vs 10.2%; P=.001), and distrusted pharmaceutical companies (3.2% vs 0.5%; P=.04).ConclusionsIndividuals sought treatments that reflected their values and beliefs, even if scientifically unfounded. Many individuals who reported prior conventional cancer therapy were motivated to pursue alternative treatments because they perceived the conventional treatments to be ineffective.

Exploration of Holistic Character Values on Integrative Thematic Books

Exploration of Holistic Character Values on Integrative Thematic Books

Reinventing the Universal Structure of Human Values: Development of a New Holistic Values Scale to Measure Indian Values

This article investigates the universal values scale, Schwartz Value Survey (SVS) for its applicability to measure cultural context-specific values. The study establishes a need to construct a new scale by identifying and incorporating Indian culture-specific values in SVS. Deriving data using self-assessment questionnaires from 709 respondents in 2 studies and analysing them using principal component analysis and structural equation modelling, the article reconceptualizes Schwartz’s Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) and the 10 motivational value factors and develops a new 76-item Holistic Values Scale (HVS) to measure Indian values using well-established scale development methods. The article further presents the research and policy implications and future research areas in this domain.

Permissible Medicine and Rationalization of Halal Pharma

Permissible medicine “Halalopathy” represents a compatible relation between therapeutic drug and human beliefs/lifestyles. Production of permissible drugs is achieved by evaluating ingredients and monitoring the production process to be compatible with a certain specific standard depending on the requirement of the lifestyle or belief of the patient. If drugs and beliefs are compatible, a domino chain effect will be initiated; trust will be developed, and the placebo effect will be activated. Consequently, a compatible system between mind and drug is established, faith in the treatment is intensified, entropy is lowered, potential energy is increased, and self-assurance is enriched. The compatibility concept is based on finding a connection between human’s belief and therapeutic drug where certain genes will be turned off epigenetically. Halalopathic medicine represents a new therapeutic concept in which holistic values - material, human, moral and spiritual values - are used to deliver the right treatment to the right patient.

Values, Knowledge, and Rights Shaping Land Use in the Peruvian Amazon

In the midst of climate change, population growth, and global food crisis scenarios, efforts to succeed in Sustainable Land Management (SLM) implementation are under enormous pressure. To contextualize Indigenous experiences on nature valuation in light of sustainable development efforts, we explored how the traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) of two Indigenous communities interacted with major land policies with sustainability implications through an ethnographic and community-based participatory research approach. Data collection tools included talking circles, storytelling, unstructured interviews, and participant observation with Indigenous community members of Shimaa and Diamante to understand how two major land management policies intersect in SLM, Indigenous values, TEK, and rights in the Peruvian Amazon. In complementation with secondary literature assessing the focal policies, the empirical data analysis, through a lens of TEK, provides a deeper examination of Indigenous peoples’ ways of knowing. Research findings show that TEK of Indigenous peoples can support values of nature and shape the design and implementation of SLM policies by incorporating Indigenous peoples’ holistic values of nature (e.g., relational and intrinsic values) and methods for sustainable and equitable land management, with improved outcomes for communities. However, the TEK of Indigenous peoples, values of nature, and rights can be at odds with the Eurocentric-oriented SLM in terms of values placed on nature, and results in a disconnection between international and national policy goals with realities at the local levels. This study concludes that to fully realize the objectives of SLM, it is imperative for decision makers to recognize the TEK of Indigenous peoples rooted in a holistic understanding of the multiple values attributed to nature, which resonates with the notion of a plural approach to valuing nature. Further, methods should include land management practices that are beneficial for such communities and not strictly for the production of goods for societal consumption, however long it may be sustained into the future. Such a management scheme would value ecologic stability, community resilience, and a wide range of human-nature values while still recognizing development needs.

Applying the Historic Urban Landscape Approach to the Identification of Urban Heritage Attributes of Bangkok Old Town

This article focuses on the study of the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) approach from current international doctrines and analyses along with urban heritage conservation in Bangkok historic area. The results indicate that the HUL approach helps develop conservation in Thailand from conserving tangible elements as separate objects to conserving and managing tangible and intangible attributes of the entire area by considering holistic values. The approach also helps identify the elements that characterize the area, particularly the character-defining elements of traditional communities, and, furthermore, it offers appropriate means for designing new elements in the area and supports collaborative works among various sectors.

Meningkatkatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual Melalui Bermain Peran Penelitian Tindakan di KB &amp; TK Bunga Bangsa Islamic School Bekasi

In general, the purpose of this study is to obtain data about the spiritual intelligence of children aged 5-6 years in the center of al Islam KB TK Bunga Bangsa Islamic School through role play. This research was conducted at KB TK Bunga Bangsa Islamic School Bekasi which is located on Jl. Kh. Agus Salim Number 206, Kelurahan Margahayu, District of East Bekasi, Kota Bekasi, West Java Province. Specifically this research will see how big role play can improve every aspect that exist in spiritual intelligence for children aged 5-6 years at KB TK Bunga Bangsa Islamic School Bekasi. This research was conducted in second semester of academic year 2016/2017. This action study was conducted using a cycle model from Stephen Kemmis and Mc Taggart. Action research is carried out through planning, implementation, observation and reflection. This research was conducted in two cycles and started with pre-research activities. The average praintervensi result is 57%, in cycle 1 the result is 65,5% and cycle 2 reaches 80% on average. From the data there is a significant increase in each cycle. Improvement is seen in every aspect that depicts children's spiritual intelligence such as self-awareness, spontaneity, internally motivated, seeing life from vision and based on fundamental, holistic values, seeing system and universality, compassion (sense of community, sense of following the flow of life) diversity, independent, firm against the majority, fundamentally questioning, rearranging in the big picture, and steadfast in difficulty.Thus, the learning process through the role play to improve spiritual intelligence is said to have been achieved because most of the indicators in the competence of the ability of spiritual intelligence has increased. The implication of this research is that role playing can be one strategy to improve spiritual intelligence.

Meningkatkatkan Kecerdasan Spiritual Melalui Bermain Peran Penelitian Tindakan di KB &amp; TK Bunga Bangsa Islamic School Bekasi

In general, the purpose of this study is to obtain data about the spiritual intelligence of children aged 5-6 years in the center of al Islam KB TK Bunga Bangsa Islamic School through role play. This research was conducted at KB TK Bunga Bangsa Islamic School Bekasi which is located on Jl. Kh. Agus Salim Number 206, Kelurahan Margahayu, District of East Bekasi, Kota Bekasi, West Java Province. Specifically this research will see how big role play can improve every aspect that exist in spiritual intelligence for children aged 5-6 years at KB TK Bunga Bangsa Islamic School Bekasi. This research was conducted in second semester of academic year 2016/2017. This action study was conducted using a cycle model from Stephen Kemmis and Mc Taggart. Action research is carried out through planning, implementation, observation and reflection. This research was conducted in two cycles and started with pre-research activities. The average praintervensi result is 57%, in cycle 1 the result is 65,5% and cycle 2 reaches 80% on average. From the data there is a significant increase in each cycle. Improvement is seen in every aspect that depicts children's spiritual intelligence such as self-awareness, spontaneity, internally motivated, seeing life from vision and based on fundamental, holistic values, seeing system and universality, compassion (sense of community, sense of following the flow of life) diversity, independent, firm against the majority, fundamentally questioning, rearranging in the big picture, and steadfast in difficulty.Thus, the learning process through the role play to improve spiritual intelligence is said to have been achieved because most of the indicators in the competence of the ability of spiritual intelligence has increased. The implication of this research is that role playing can be one strategy to improve spiritual intelligence.

Cultura, diversidad cultural y desarrollo económico. Una perspectiva crítica de los trabajos recientes

This article contributes to research on the cultural determinants of nations’ economic performance. The first section shows that there is no evidence that cultural homogeneity favors development. Instead, it highlights the crucial role of cultural diversity in the task of discovering opportunities of profit for entrepreneurs. The second section discusses works on the presumed existence of values toxic for development. The third section criticizes this idea and contrasts a European model of development for innovation based on individualistic values and an Asian model of development through imitation based on family and holistic values.

THE PLACE OF PHILOSOPHY, LANGUAGE, AND LITERATURE IN LIBERAL EDUCATION (AFRICAN PERSPECTIVE)

In history, philosophy, language, and literature have been a propelling force towards achieving a distinctive cul-ture in human civilization. We are therefore reminded that philosophy, language, and literature have a great deal of educational tenet, especially in the African world view. To foster holistic values in line with education, this study investigates that philosophy; language and literature have been in the transformation of armchair theoriza-tion of various disciplines into a pragmatic solution for our contemporary challenges. Using evaluative approach, this study opens up the fact that philosophy, language, and literature is not really a single filed of disciplines but rather a catchall for a number of problems whose scope and significance are so broad that they seem to have im-plication for virtually every other sphere of human endeavors.

The rethinking and enhancement of the natural and cultural heritage of the cultural landscapes: the case of Sečovlje and Janubio saltpans

Cultural landscapes represent a complex category where the nature-culture dichotomy seem to not be able to unfold the main features and the profound relations that humans have with the environment. Drawing on ethnographic data collected in the saltpans of Se-ovlje (Slovene Istria) and Janubio (Lanzarote--Canary Islands) this article examines informant`s perceptions about the awareness of the importance and the enhancement of the holistic values of both saltpans, as well as the impacts and benefits of tourism. Comparing these perceptions about both cultural landscapes, I try to suggest that the complex fruitfully relations between humans and nature in these saltpans are at odds with the neoliberal logic of nature which exploit and commoditize its resources depriving them of their respective agency. A sustainability to contrast the harmful activities of the market ought to be understood not as a simply isolation and fencing of nature for the sake of conservation, but as a preservation that need to foster the continuity of the deep interactions between human culture and non-human nature which are the core of the cultural landscapes.

African Environmental Ethics and Sustainable Development

In this paper, I argue that African environmental ethics can contribute to sustainable development as well as mitigate the devastating effects of global warming and climate change in Africa. Although Africa bears the least onus of responsibility for global warming and climate change, she suffers the greatest burden of the adverse effects of global climate change and environmental crisis. While industrialized countries, nations which are largely responsible for the greatest amount of greenhouse emissions are laggard and reticent in implementing international agreements aimed at palliating the untoward effects of climate change, there is an urgent need to seek indigenous solutions to environmental crisis in Africa without compromising the much needed development in the continent. African environmental ethics extends the moral community beyond anthropocentric concerns by including non-human animals, plants, the unborn, and the supernatural into the moral universe. I use Kom environmental ethics to show how indigenous African societies employed different values and customs to make their environment physically and spiritually sustainable. There were taboos, values, and norms which prescribed correct behavior towards nature. But as a result of the colonial encounter, Africans were forced to abandon some of these indigenous environmental values and sustainable practices for an anthropocentric approach. With this outlook where humans have moral responsibility only towards humans, development meant the complete disregard for traditional African holistic values and customs. This disregard, in conjunction with weak or absence of institutional framework regarding environmental protection and corruption in the management of natural resources, has led to unsustainable exploitation of the natural environment in Africa.

Relating traditional and academic ecological knowledge: mechanistic and holistic epistemologies across cultures

Current debates about the integration of traditional and academic ecological knowledge (TEK and AEK) struggle with a dilemma of division and assimilation. On the one hand, the emphasis on differences between traditional and academic perspectives has been criticized as creating an artificial divide that brands TEK as “non-scientific” and contributes to its marginalization. On the other hand, there has been increased concern about inadequate assimilation of Indigenous and other traditional perspectives into scientific practices that disregards the holistic nature and values of TEK. The aim of this article is to develop a practice-based account of the epistemic relations between TEK and AEK that avoids both horns of the dilemma. While relations between TEK and AEK are often described in terms of the “holistic” nature of the former and the “mechanistic” character of the latter, we argue that a simple holism–mechanism divide misrepresents the epistemic resources of both TEK and AEK. Based on the literature on mechanistic explanations in philosophy of science, we argue that holders of TEK are perfectly capable of identifying mechanisms that underlie ecological phenomena while AEK often relies on non-mechanistic strategies of dealing with ecological complexity. Instead of generic characterizations of knowledge systems as either mechanistic or holistic, we propose to approach epistemic relations between knowledge systems by analyzing their (partly mechanistic and partly holistic) heuristics in practice.

АЛГОРИТМ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ БИБЛЕЙСКОЙ ЯЗЫКОВОЙ КАРТИНЫ МИРА ПОСРЕДСТВОМ ИЗОБРАЗИТЕЛЬНО-ВЫРАЗИТЕЛЬНЫХ СРЕДСТВ

Цель. Статья посвящена установлению и описанию механизма создания языковой картины мира в англоязычном тексте Библии короля Якова. Предметом исследования выступает функциональная реализация изобразительно-выразительных средств. Автор ставит целью раскрыть основные функции упомянутых средств для выявления их роли в создании коннотации, модификации целостного значения и, соответственно, формировании библейской языковой картины мира.Метод и методология проведения работы. Основу исследования образуют метод сплошной выборки, метод выборки с заданными параметрами с помощью конкорданса Библии короля Якова, а также функциональный анализ.Результаты. Результаты работы заключаются в том, что выявлен и описан алгоритм реконструкции библейской языковой картины мира с опорой на теорию о содержании информации в значениях языковых единиц и теорию проекций М. Блэка. Исходя из функций изобразительно-выразительных средств подтверждена их роль в создании коннотативного значения и влиянии этого значения на семантику слова или выражения.Область применения результатов. Данное исследование позволит дополнить имеющиеся сведения в области когнитивной лингвистики, стилистики текста и функциональной англистики. Предлагаемая методика актуализации языковой картины мира может применяться при исследовании текстов других англоязычных переводов Библии, а также Корана и Торы в сравнительно-сопоставительном и диахроническом аспектах.

ホリスティック価値アプローチを基底とするグローバル教育のカリキュラム編成 : Betty A.Reardonの人権教育論を手がかりとして

ホリスティック価値アプローチを基底とするグローバル教育のカリキュラム編成 : Betty A.Reardonの人権教育論を手がかりとして

Mental health for youth: Applying an African-centered approach

ABSTRACTService delivery challenges persist for African American youth who are impacted by mental health conditions. Along with access, of primary concern is the absence of an Afrocentric perspective that can be used to honor the cultural uniqueness, personal strengths, and interconnectedness of those receiving services. The African-centered philosophy, a system based on holistic values and ways of living, is encouraged as a standard framework in mental health service delivery. Nguzo Saba principles, also rooted in the Afrocentric paradigm, can be essential in improving mental health practices by countering the conventional pathological approach and promoting a commitment to augment service delivery for the individual and strengthen access in the community. This article discusses the historical and cultural significance of the African-centered philosophy in mental health practice and utilizes a case study narrative to demonstrate its usefulness in mental health service delivery.