Holistic Approach Research Articles

Sleep inequities in nursing: A descriptive qualitative study on causes of poor sleep among black nurses in the United States

Background: Sleep is critical to general health and occupational safety of workers. Black nurses in the United States report sleeping less than their White counterparts, indicating sleep inequity exists. Understanding what workplace factors contributing to this inequity and suggestions for improvement are vital to protecting nurses.Methods: A descriptive qualitative research design with content analysis was used to examine focus group data from Black nurses working in the United States. Participants were invited to virtual focus groups or interviews to answer questions about their sleep. Questions were guided by the Social Ecological Model for Sleep.Results: Fifteen nurses participated. Four themes emerged: Societal Impact, Workplace, Interpersonal-Cultural Context, and Individual. Twelve sub-themes were identified that described factors that affect all nurses (i.e., night shift, long work hours) versus societal and interpersonal events tied to racism that are most impactful for Black nurses’ sleep. Participants offered six suggestions for changing the healthcare setting to increase a sense of belonging.Conclusions: To improve sleep equity among Black nurses working in healthcare settings, a holistic approach towards worker health and safety may help attenuate individual risks from poor sleep. Systemic organizational efforts to increase belonging among staff could benefit from fostering trusting relationships with Black nurses, as well as increasing the diversity of healthcare leaders and managers.

Enhancing Maritime Security: Challenges and Strategies in Indonesia's Natuna Sea

The Natuna Sea, a strategic region within Indonesia's exclusive economic zone, faces multifaceted maritime security challenges that threaten national sovereignty, economic interests, and regional stability. This abstract explores the key issues and strategic responses to enhance maritime security in this vital area. Indonesia's maritime security challenges in the Natuna Sea are driven by illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing, territorial disputes, and transnational crimes such as smuggling and human trafficking. The encroachment of foreign fishing vessels, particularly from neighboring countries, exacerbates the IUU fishing problem, undermining local economies and depleting fish stocks. Additionally, overlapping territorial claims, particularly with China, complicate Indonesia's efforts to assert its sovereignty and maintain peace in the region. To address these challenges, Indonesia has developed a comprehensive maritime security strategy that includes diplomatic, legal, and operational measures. Diplomatic efforts focus on strengthening regional cooperation through ASEAN and other multilateral forums to foster dialogue and build consensus on maritime security issues. Legal measures involve the enforcement of national and international laws, including the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), to uphold Indonesia's territorial rights and combat IUU fishing. Operationally, Indonesia has enhanced its maritime patrols, surveillance capabilities, and naval presence in the Natuna Sea. The establishment of the Maritime Security Agency (Bakamla) and the deployment of advanced technology, such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and satellite monitoring, have improved the detection and interdiction of illegal activities. Despite these efforts, challenges persist due to resource constraints, coordination issues among agencies, and the complex geopolitical landscape. This abstract underscores the importance of a holistic and adaptive approach to maritime security, integrating diplomatic, legal, and operational strategies.

The ecology of opportunity: connecting socioecological health and school achievement in Alabama

ABSTRACT This study investigates the association between school-level achievement and the relative health of the social environment in which children are embedded, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of how behavioural, social, physical, and socio-emotional contexts may holistically impact learning. While research has recognised how specific aspects of a child’s environment can impact learning, what is less understood is how multiple facets of socioecological conditions may holistically contribute to learning advantages or disadvantages. To address this, we combine seven years and over 9,000 observations of school-level achievement scores from the U.S. state of Alabama with a comprehensive scale of “socioecological health” – a measure that includes multiple indicators such as nutrition access, housing quality, neighbourhood violence, social supports, income inequality, and mental health access. We then employ a three-level hierarchical linear modelling approach to assess the association between socioecological health and school achievement. Results suggest that (1) higher levels of socioecological health are associated with higher levels of school achievement; (2) effects are strongest for older students and rural students; and (3) healthy behaviours, social supports, and positive physical environment correspond with higher school achievement. These results highlight the breadth to which social and environmental determinants may influence learning opportunities and underscores the need for a more holistic and inclusive approach to educational leadership and social policy.

From Food Industry 4.0 to Food Industry 5.0: Identifying technological enablers and potential future applications in the food sector.

Although several food-related fields have yet to fully grasp the speed and breadth of the fourth industrial revolution (also known as Industry 4.0), growing literature from other sectors shows that Industry 5.0 (referring to the fifth industrial revolution) is already underway. Food Industry 4.0 has been characterized by the fusion of physical, digital, and biological advances in food science and technology, whereas future Food Industry 5.0 could be seen as a more holistic, multidisciplinary, and multidimensional approach. This review will focus on identifying potential enabling technologies of Industry 5.0 that could be harnessed to shape the future of food in the coming years. We will review the state-of-the-art studies on the use of innovative technologies in various food and agriculture applications over the last 5 years. In addition, opportunities and challenges will be highlighted, and future directions and conclusions will be drawn. Preliminary evidence suggests that Industry 5.0 is the outcome of an evolutionary process and not of a revolution, as is often claimed. Our results show that regenerative and/or conversational artificial intelligence, the Internet of Everything, miniaturized and nanosensors, 4D printing and beyond, cobots and advanced drones, edge computing, redactable blockchain, metaverse and immersive techniques, cyber-physical systems, digital twins, and sixth-generation wireless and beyond are likely to be among the main driving technologies of Food Industry 5.0. Although the framework, vision, and value of Industry 5.0 are becoming popular research topics in various academic and industrial fields, the agri-food sector has just started to embrace some aspects and dimensions of Industry 5.0.

Ultrasonic A-Scan Signals Data Augmentation Using Electromechanical System Modelling to Enhance Cataract Classification Methods

The use of artificial intelligence in diverse diagnosis areas has significantly increased in the past few years because of the advantages it represents in clinical routine. Among the diverse diagnostic techniques, the use of ultrasounds is often preferred because of their simplicity, low cost, non-invasiveness, and non-ionizing characteristic. However, obtaining an adequate number of patients and data for training and testing machine learning models is challenging. To overcome this limitation, a novel approach is proposed for simulating data produced by ultrasonic diagnostic devices. The implemented method was based on a clinical prototype for eye cataract diagnosis, although the method can be extended to other applications as well. The proposed model encompasses the electric-to-acoustic signal conversion in the ultrasonic transducer, the wave propagation through the biological medium, and the subsequent acoustic-to-electric signal conversion in the transducer. Electrical modelling of the transducer was performed using a two-port network approach, while the acoustic wave propagation was modelled by using the k-Wave MATLAB toolbox. It was verified that the holistic modelling approach enabled the generation of synthetic data augmentation, presenting high similarity with real data.

The Role of Local Government and Environmental Management in Managing Tidal Floods in Bintan Regency

Indonesia is highly vulnerable to natural disasters, with tidal floods being a significant concern in Bintan Regency due to its exposure to sea tides and extreme weather events. The local government's role and environmental management strategies are crucial in mitigating these risks. This research seeks to evaluate these aspects by focusing on the measures implemented by Bintan Regency to manage tidal floods. The study employs a qualitative approach, relying on literature reviews to collect data from various sources such as scientific journals, books, research reports, and other relevant documents. This method provides a comprehensive understanding of the current practices and effectiveness of flood management and environmental management strategies in Bintan Regency. The research findings indicate that the Bintan Regency local government has undertaken significant initiatives to reduce tidal flood risks. These initiatives include spatial planning that integrates disaster risk considerations, the development of flood management infrastructure, and community education programs aimed at increasing preparedness. The effective implementation of environmental management practices, including the use of advanced technology for monitoring and evaluation, has been instrumental in these efforts. The local government’s approach reflects a proactive stance in addressing the challenges posed by tidal floods, emphasizing both preventative measures and responsive strategies. The study concludes that a holistic and sustainable approach is essential for effective tidal flood management. The integration of comprehensive spatial planning, infrastructure development, community engagement, and modern technology forms a robust framework for disaster mitigation.

Unraveling shared and unique genetic causal relationship between gut microbiota and four types of uterine-related diseases: Bidirectional Mendelian inheritance approaches to dissect the "Gut-Uterus Axis"

BackgroundThe gut microbiota has emerged as a pivotal factor in the etiology of uterine-related diseases. This study aims to elucidate the genetic causal link between gut microbiota composition and these conditions, focusing on the systemic impact and uterine pathology to better understand the "Gut-Uterus Axis." MethodsWe utilized pooled data from two different GWAS databases, including data from 209 gut microbiota traits and data from four uterus-related diseases. Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) approaches, incorporating Bayesian weighting and traditional inverse variance weighting (IVW) methods, were employed to explore causal relationships. The robustness of findings was ensured through sensitivity analyses, outlier testing, and MR-PRESSO analysis. ResultsSeventeen significant associations were identified between gut microbiota traits and uterine-related diseases, suggesting potential causal links. These associations were consistent across sensitivity analyses, affirming the reliability of our results. Conversely, reverse MR analyses did not reveal statistically significant associations between uterine diseases and bacterial traits, indicating a unidirectional influence of gut microbiota on uterine health. These findings highlight the complex interplay within the "Gut-Uterus Axis." ConclusionThis research establishes a causal relationship between gut microbiota and uterine diseases, advocating for targeted interventions to mitigate associated risks. It underscores the interconnectedness of gut and reproductive health, promoting a holistic approach to management and treatment within the "Gut-Uterus Axis".

Correlation models for next-generation amplitude and cumulative intensity measures using artificial neural networks

Various next-generation intensity measures (IMs) have emerged in recent years. For instance, filtered incremental velocity, FIV3, was shown to be efficient in predicting the collapse of structures, or average spectral acceleration, Saavg, shown to be well-correlated with a wide range of response, from initiation of structural damage yielding to structural collapse. Different ground motion models (GMMs) are available to predict the probabilistic distribution of these IMs, given a set of seismological parameters. Nonetheless, a few key correlation models are still missing in the literature, which are elemental for a more holistic approach to ground motion record selection. These models are vital when performing seismic hazard analysis and ground motion record selection using state-of-the-art approaches like the conditional spectrum or generalized conditional intensity measure (GCIM) methods. This study uses a single machine-learning-based generalized ground motion model (GGMM) to estimate all the IMs. The model is based on the Next-Generation Attenuation (NGA)-West2 database and was utilized to quantify the correlations between the residuals. Correlations were calculated for intra- and inter-event residuals, but only those for total residuals are presented here, given their utility. Since the calculation of residuals comes from the same GMM and the same database of ground motions, this produces more consistent correlation coefficients between all IMs. To facilitate the usage of these correlation coefficients, predictive models of the empirical data were developed using machine-learning-based techniques, namely artificial neural networks (ANNs). It was found that FIV3 is strongly correlated with Sa(~1 s) and itself across all periods and has a weak negative correlation with duration at short periods and near-zero correlation for longer periods. Also, a stronger negative correlation between Sa and significant duration was found, compared with other prominent existing models. Direct correlation models between Sa and Saavg are also proposed.

Balancing the right to food and environmental sustainability: A call for holistic transformation

This paper conducts an in-depth examination of the intricate nexus between the right to food and ecosystem conservation, recognizing the fundamental importance of addressing these interlinked issues for sustainable global development. Anchored in international and national legal frameworks, the right to food is explored not only as a moral imperative but as a binding human rights obligation. The analysis spans a broad spectrum, encompassing the impact of human activities such as population growth, climate change, and intensive agricultural practices on natural resources, biodiversity, and environmental sustainability. The literature review highlights the far-reaching repercussions of food access constraints on marginalized populations, emphasizing the profound relationship between food and the environment. The study underscores the critical role of biodiversity, soil health, and climate change in shaping food security challenges, with a particular focus on the consequences of industrial agriculture. The examination of agroecology emerges as a central theme, offering a holistic approach that integrates ecological, health, social, and economic considerations into agricultural and food systems. The methodology involves a comprehensive review of published studies in the specified domains, providing a robust foundation for unraveling the complex dynamics and interdependencies between the right to food, ecosystem conservation, and the broader context of climate change and human activities. The paper puts forth a series of recommendations, emphasizing the need for policies that integrate human rights into agricultural actions, enhanced inclusivity for smallholder farmers, widespread adoption of agroecology, and educational campaigns to raise awareness. Agroecology is positioned as a key solution, not only for its contributions to climate resilience but also for its positive impact on soil health, biodiversity conservation, and long-term environmental sustainability. The paper advocates for a paradigm shift in global agricultural strategies, emphasizing integrated, sustainable approaches that prioritize inclusivity, environmental stewardship, and the well-being of present and future generations. The recommendations serve as a blueprint for policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders to collaboratively work towards a future where food security coexists harmoniously with ecosystem conservation, ensuring a sustainable and equitable world for all. Key words: Right, Food, Ecosystem, Conservation, Sustainable, Climate, Biodiversity, Agroecology, Agriculture, Policy

Movement Awareness Therapies in Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Given the rising prevalence and complexity of eating disorders, a comprehensive multidisciplinary holistic approach is necessary. This work aimed to assess the effectiveness of body and movement awareness therapies in patients with eating disorders. Search strategy was undertaken using several scientific health databases. Articles were eligible if they were randomized controlled trials analyzing the effects of movement and body awareness therapies in eating disorders. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement for systematic reviews was followed and the risk of bias was assessed using the "Cochrane Collaboration Tool to assess the risk of bias." 11 articles met the inclusion criteria, including 437 patients. No high-quality randomized controlled trials were found. Forest plot analysis of the Eating Disorder Examination scale showed a difference favors to body awareness therapies but not significantly neither homogeneous. The interventions analyzed included yoga, body awareness therapy, dance, and psychomotor therapy. Body awareness therapies provide some additional benefits for eating disorder symptoms, such as emotion regulation, self-criticism, self-confidence, self-compassion, anxiety, body attitude, eating disorder symptoms, and quality of life.

Optimising Energy Efficiency in Offshore Buildings: Supporting SDG 7 - Clean and Affordable Energy

The offshore oil and gas sector faces significant challenges in reducing its carbon footprint while meeting global energy demand. Offshore structures consume up to 500 MW of energy per day. Despite the potential for 30-40% energy savings with efficiency technologies, only 25% of global platforms implement integrated energy management systems. This study aims to optimize energy efficiency in offshore structures to support SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy. The study uses a multi-method approach, analyzing data from 10 offshore platforms, conducting energy modeling, and cost-benefit analysis. The results show variability in daily energy consumption (423.7 ± 32.5 MW) with key factors such as hydrocarbon production and environmental conditions. Energy efficiency technologies such as hybrid power generation systems and Integrated Energy Management Systems (SMET) show significant potential for savings. The optimization model shows a total potential energy savings of 37.2 ± 2.1%. Economic analysis using Monte Carlo simulations confirms the feasibility of investment with positive NPV for all evaluated technologies. SMET has the most favorable risk-return profile with a mean NPV of 5.8 ± 0.7 million USD. These findings provide important insights for operators and policymakers, emphasizing the importance of a holistic approach to energy management in offshore structures. Implementation of the proposed energy efficiency strategies can contribute significantly to climate change mitigation and the achievement of SDG 7.

A Review of Integrated Curriculum Models in Language Teaching

Integrated curriculum models in language education aim to combine multiple disciplines and language skills into a cohesive framework, fostering connections between language learning and real-world contexts. While these models offer a holistic approach, their implementation has raised concerns about effectiveness, teacher readiness, and challenges in cross-subject integration. This review evaluates the current literature on integrated curriculum models in language teaching, examining their impact on language proficiency and learner engagement. The study reviews empirical studies, case reports, and theoretical discussions, focusing on both qualitative and quantitative research that assesses outcomes in language classrooms. Key themes include cross-curricular integration, teacher collaboration, and the influence of cultural and contextual factors. Findings suggest that integrated curriculum models improve language proficiency by encouraging language use in diverse contexts, helping learners develop both language and critical thinking skills. However, successful implementation requires significant teacher collaboration and curriculum alignment. Teacher preparedness and institutional support are also crucial for achieving positive outcomes. In conclusion, integrated curriculum models hold great potential to enhance language education, but their success relies on effective implementation and collaboration between educators. Further research is needed to assess the long-term effects and scalability of these models in different educational settings.

Global Climate Change: Challenges, Opportunities, and Multilateral Strategies for Sustainable Development

Background: Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges, demanding collaborative action from both developed and developing countries. Despite numerous international agreements like the Kyoto Protocol and the Paris Agreement, political will and leadership commitment have been inconsistent, hindering effective global climate action. Private actors and global partnerships have emerged as critical players in addressing climate risks, but geopolitical and economic tensions continue to impede progress. Objectives: This research explores the key challenges and opportunities in combating climate change, emphasizing the role of international cooperation, the involvement of private and public sectors, and the need for innovative solutions. It also seeks to examine the responsibilities of developed and developing countries in contributing to global climate goals. Methods: A qualitative analysis was conducted by reviewing relevant literature, international agreements, and case studies. Data from climate summits, reports, and expert opinions were integrated to understand the political, economic, and environmental dimensions of climate change. Findings: The study identifies several challenges, including a lack of political will among major powers, economic competition, and inconsistent global leadership. It also highlights opportunities, such as the potential for technological innovation, investment in renewable energy, and the strategic role of private actors in promoting sustainable development. The findings underscore the importance of global partnerships and multilateral platforms like the United Nations in fostering cooperation among nations. Conclusion: Addressing climate change requires a holistic approach involving state and non-state actors, strong political leadership, and global partnerships. The transition to a low-carbon economy will require significant economic restructuring, but it presents opportunities for innovation and sustainable development. The study emphasizes the need for developed countries to fulfill their financial commitments to support adaptation in developing nations. Novelty: This research contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of both the challenges and opportunities in combating climate change. It highlights the critical role of private actors and international cooperation, offering a framework for future global actions.

An expert system based decision-making framework for benchmarking industry in sustainable manufacturing

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to evaluate and enhance sustainable manufacturing practices across various industries, focusing on environmental, economic and social dimensions, to promote a comprehensive understanding and implementation of sustainability, thereby improving overall industry performance and fostering long-term ecological and economic health.Design/methodology/approachThe study uses multi-criteria decision-making-multivariate analysis technique to examine sustainable manufacturing practices (SMPs) in the Indian manufacturing sector. It identifies 11 SMP criteria through literature review and expert recommendations. Data are collected through questionnaires, expert committees and interviews. The study focuses on four key industries: automobile, steel, textile and plastic. Techniques like principal component analysis (PCA), technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and complex proportional assessment (COPRAS) are used to rank and assess performance.FindingsThe Indian automobile industry has shown the most effective SMPs compared to steel, textile and plastic sectors. The automobile sector is the benchmark for sustainable measures, emphasizing the importance of green practices for environmental, social and economic performance. Recommendations extend beyond the automobile sector to cement, electronics and construction.Practical implicationsThe research emphasizes the importance of SMPs across various industries, focusing on economic, environmental and social considerations. It advocates for a holistic approach that enhances resource efficiency and minimizes ecological footprint.Originality/valueThe study uses ranking methods like PCA-integrated TOPSIS and COPRAS to evaluate performance in different industries, focusing on the benchmarked automobile sector. The research offers valuable insights and advocates for the widespread adoption of sustainable policies beyond the studied sectors.

Embracing the Sacred Trust: Said Nursi’s Sufism as a Pathway to Climate Resilience and Environmental Stewardship

This study explores the contributions of prominent Muslim scholar Said Nursi to addressing climate change. Through a qualitative analysis of his works, the research reveals Nursi's view of nature as a divine verse requiring respect and preservation. His emphasis on humans' responsibility as caliphs on Earth to maintain balance and harmony aligns with contemporary environmental concerns. Nursi's teachings on simplicity and moderation offer practical guidance for reducing human impact on the environment. The study concludes that Nursi's ethical and spiritual framework provides a holistic approach to climate change, offering a valuable perspective for developing more comprehensive and sustainable strategies.

Utilization Postnatal Care Services in Hyolmo Community

Postnatal care (PNC) utilization among the Hyolmo community highlights significant gaps in existing literature and underscores the critical need for targeted healthcare interventions in remote and ethnically distinct populations. This study reveals that, while considerable attention is given to urban and accessible rural populations, remote communities face unique challenges that can impede access to essential maternal health services. The results demonstrate that age, education, and socio-economic factors significantly influence PNC uptake, suggesting disparities that are compounded in remote areas like the Helambu Rural Municipality of Sindhupalchowk District. This study shows that younger mothers, often less aware or hindered by accessibility barriers, are less likely to utilize PNC services compared to their older counterparts. This disparity highlights the necessity for community-specific educational programs that can enhance understanding and encourage the use of PNC services among younger women. Additionally, the influence of education and socio-economic status on PNC utilization points to the broader implications of systemic inequities in healthcare access. Moreover, the study brings to light the role of cultural practices and beliefs in shaping healthseeking behaviors, which varies significantly across different communities. In the traditional beliefs may conflict with modern healthcare practices, there is a clear need for culturally sensitive health interventions that respect and integrate local customs and practices. This research not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors affecting PNC service uptake in a specific Nepalese community but also calls for comprehensive policy responses. By addressing the multifaceted challenges faced by the Hyolmo community ranging from geographic isolation to cultural and educational barriers the study advocates for a holistic approach to healthcare. This should include the development of policies that ensure equitable access to health services, enhance community health education, and promote cultural competence among healthcare providers. Ultimately, such efforts are essential for improving maternal and infant health outcomes in remote communities, ensuring that every individual, regardless of their socio-economic or cultural background, has access to the necessary postnatal care.

Deconstruction of basic accounting principles through the values of sufism in the Syarah Ḥikam by Sheikh Aḥmad Zarrūq

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to deconstruct the basic principles of accounting, which are often viewed as overly materialistic, by integrating seven Sufi values from the Syarah Ḥikam by Sheikh Aḥmad Zarrūq. This research seeks to create a more balanced accounting paradigm integrating financial gains with moral, social, and spiritual responsibilities.Method - This research utilizes a literature review method with a Derridean deconstruction approach, combining the text of Syarah Ḥikam with accounting literature. The deconstruction process involves identifying the material-spiritual binary to explore the integration of Sufi values into accounting principles.Result - The study's results show that integrating Sufi values strengthens the moral and justice aspects of accounting. This creates a more holistic approach that balances financial profit with spiritual and social responsibilities.Implication - This research has implications for the development of a more ethical and sustainable accounting system that balances material gain with moral and spiritual responsibilities relevant to both business and social practices.Originality - This study is unique in its use of classical Sufi texts to deconstruct the basic accounting principles. This novel approach in modern accounting studies has yet to be widely explored. By integrating spiritual values into accounting, this approach is expected to complement and enrich the current accounting perspectives, aiming not merely for fairness but for truth, fostering a better balance between material aspects and moral, social, and spiritual responsibilities.

The association of multi-system conditions on mental health trajectories during naval deployment

ABSTRACT This study seeks to enhance understanding of mental health trajectories across Navy deployments and the predictors of those trajectories by exploring a range of job design and individual-level factors. Personnel from the Royal Australian Navy were surveyed on pre-deployment, mid-deployment, and post-deployment. At pre-deployment, there were 559 (M age = 30.19; male = 75.5%) survey responses, N = 112 survey responses could be linked at all time points (retention rate of 20.04% across all time points), and 314 personnel (56.2%) responded at least twice. Latent class growth analyses and growth mixture models were used to determine the trajectories that best fit the data. Separate models were developed for each of the mental health outcomes studied (i.e. psychological distress, perceived resilience, and perceived stress), plus a latent outcome representing a summary measure of psychological ill-health. This latent outcome, estimated as the most comprehensive assessment approach, was used to evaluate all 33 predictors. Consistent with previous work, we identified between two and four trajectories reflecting resilient/low symptom trajectories and heterogeneous symptom trajectories. There were a greater proportion of personnel in the heterogeneous symptom trajectories than identified in previous research. A key contribution of this work is the thorough comparison and ranking of factors that influence the deployment experience. We emphasize the importance of role demands and resources in determining these trajectories when compared directly to self-regulation strategies. Study findings highlight important implications for job design for military personnel during deployment and underscore the importance of adopting a holistic system approach to well-being.

Advancing Global Climate and Biodiversity Goals Through Regenerative Tourism

Tourism has a particular responsibility to contribute to climate and biodiversity goals because of its intense use of long-range transport and its strong dependence on natural capital as an asset. Tourism is a major contributor to the global economy, but also to greenhouse gas emissions. The severe impacts of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the tourism sector triggered a search for enhanced resilience, replacing the past paradigm of “boosterism”, and the dominant paradigm of “sustainable tourism”. Sustainable tourism is no longer sufficient, and a shift towards a new paradigm of regenerative tourism is needed to address the environmental and societal challenges faced by the tourism industry. Here, the evidence pointing at the rise of regenerative tourism as a new paradigm is reviewed, the differential goals of regenerative, relative to sustainable tourism, are defined and actions along five domains of action are identified that can help tourism destinations embrace the transition toward the regenerative tourism paradigm. Regenerative tourism seeks to enhance the natural, cultural and social capital of destinations while creating net positive benefits for people and the planet. It emphasizes collaboration with local communities and an ambitious and holistic approach to sustainability, going beyond reducing negative impacts to creating positive ones. Regenerative tourism aligns the industry, the Paris Agreement, and the Convention on Biological Diversity, while advancing the delivery of the Sustainable Development Goals. The transition to regenerative tourism requires investments in technology and innovation, transparent collaboration, and a holistic focus on well-being for both people and the planet.

Enhancing Algorithmic Thinking Skills through Phygital Games: The Case of Space Codyssey

This paper presents an educational phygital game, Space Codyssey, aiming at cultivating the algorithmic thinking skills of young children. Space Codyssey is a phygital game, and its contains programming activities for the Sequence, Repetition, and Selection Structures, as well as Code Debugging activities (Debugging). The game utilizes Augmented Reality technology to present missions via QR cards. Additionally, digital storytelling is used as a means of assistance and teaching for preschool and early primary students. In the game, reading skills are not a prerequisite, and programming is accomplished using symbolic commands through a "Visual Programming Language." The participatory design methodology that was adopted, involving 28 educators from various specialties, reflects a holistic approach to the development of educational technologies. This interdisciplinary collaboration allowed for the integration of diverse pedagogical perspectives, ensuring that the game meets the multifaceted needs of modern education. The paper highlights the educational goals and learning outcomes for the designtated age group. It presents the scenario, the subject, the elements of the game, the rules, and the game mechanics. It also describes the implementation stages and the development of the application. Finally, it presents the results from a study, which involved 28 educators and aimed to improve the game before its use in educational settings.