Philippine History Research Articles

Charlie Samuya Veric’s Children of the Postcolony: Filipino Intellectuals and Decolonization, 1946–1972

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

John Larkin, 1936–2021

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

The Laguna Copperplate Inscription: Tenth-Century Luzon, Java, and the Malay World

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

A Qualitative Inquiry on Instructional Strategies and Assessments in Teaching Social Science General Education Courses in the Online Learning Modality

The immediate transitioning of instructional delivery from the traditional face-to-face teaching to online learning prompted college instructors to design pedagogical strategies and assessment tools appropriate for the online learning environment. Instructional strategies and assessments in teaching Social Science general education courses online in the context of state universities and colleges (SUCs) however have not been previously established. Anchoring on social constructivism, post-positivism, and pragmatism, this qualitative inquiry was conducted to determine the teaching methods and assessments employed by social science instructors in SUCs in teaching Readings in Philippine History and Life and Works of Rizal online. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 7 social science instructors from 6 SUCs. Member checking and audit trail by a qualitative research expert were used for data trustworthiness and Lichtman’s 3 Cs was used for data analysis. The qualitative inquiry revealed 7 major themes for online instructional strategies: blended learning activities; synchronous online activities; interactive lecture discussion; group reporting; short videos and films presentation; use of modules in print and soft copy; and advanced readings. Likewise, 5 themes for online assessment were identified: objective test; subjective test; term examination; group projects; and output-making. Results of the study revealed that the instructional strategies and assessments used are constructively aligned with the learning outcomes set in the CHED-prescribed course syllabus but are still the traditional types. Instructors therefore only migrated their teaching practice from the in-person classroom instruction to the online mode.

Climates of control: Violent adaptation and climate change in the Philippines

This paper considers the limits of adaptation as a concept in global environmental governance and advocacy by examining the climate change policy of the populist Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte. By focusing on heterogenous state responses to the 2018–2019 El Niño drought, I demonstrate how the Duterte administration has worked to achieve a violent vision of climate adaptation through a jarring combination of practices: exhorting the devastating reality of climate change; denigrating multilateral mitigation efforts as colonial injustices; subverting indigenous peoples' land rights; and fostering the extrajudicial assassination of activists. Though Duterte's wider climate change policies are often viewed as a strategic distraction or the isolated product of an erratic populist, I argue that these recent responses to climate change in the Philippines, which fuse decolonial and nationalist sensibilities to confrontational forms of illiberalism, should be examined as part of the larger unfurling of illiberal adaptation politics across Philippine history and the Global South. These politics, and their considerable (though far from total) local resonance, challenge both universalist Western political rationalities and new directions in climate justice movement calling for ontological inclusivity. I highlight the need for a closer examination of the origins, practices and implications of violent adaptions.

Filipinising colonial gender values: A history of gender formation in Philippine higher education

The complicated colonial history of the Philippines impacts notions of gender in the Islands. Specifically, institutions with strong foreign roots, such as universities, maintain and challenge gender relations. The Philippines sees multiple gender issues in universities despite government-mandated gender mainstreaming policies for education (CMO-1), yet the influence of colonial values remains overlooked. This article contributes to philosophising Philippine education by providing the history of the country’s universities and their role in shaping gender relations. A threefold model of gender structures, relations of power, production and cathexis (emotional attachment), frames historical literature during the Philippines’ Spanish and American colonial periods and contextualises the country’s gender order. The interplay of religion and higher education during the Philippines’ Spanish colonial period reveals why sexuality remains policed by education institutions. The gendering of courses during the American Colonial period details the feminisation of certain disciplines and occupations. Harmful manhood practices adopted during this period continue to affect men in university systems through Philippine fraternities. Lastly, private education perpetuates and maintains power among the elite. The evolution of the Philippine university provides points for analysis for gender issues. These become building blocks to the discourse surrounding the Filipino philosophy of education, by understanding facets of Filipino identity construction, and proposing avenues to explore when decolonising the university.

A usability study on Yamashita’s treasure: a game-based instructional material in teaching Philippine history

ABSTRACT Learning history is vital for students’ intellectual, spiritual, emotional, and physical development. Students perceive history subject as difficult and boring because they must memorize facts and understandthose facts, concepts, time, and historical events. Interactive multimedia can increase students’ enthusiasm and make the teaching and learning process more interesting to make the history “alive.” Game-based learning uses game elements and principles to effectively deliver teaching and learning process in the classrooms. Yamashita’s Treasure: A Quest to Find the Treasure is a game-based instructional material designed for grade 7 students of the Philippine K-12 curriculum that aims to teach significant lessons and events occurred in the Philippines over the last century. In this paper, we present findings from an assessment of an instructional material in teaching Philippine history. A System Usability Scale (SUS) was used to test the system’s usability which generated a positive score. Respondents were highly satisfied with the game’s usability scoring 87.5 on the SUS. Future work includes developing a programmed system, conducting quasi-experimental research design, and consultations with the experts for further enhancement.

Saysay Himig: A Sourcebook on Philippine Music History, 1880–1921 ed. by Arwin Q. Tan, and: Saysay Himig: An Anthology of Transcultural Filipino Music (1880–1941) ed. by Arwin Q. Tan

Reviewed by: Saysay Himig: A Sourcebook on Philippine Music History, 1880–1921 ed. by Arwin Q. Tan, and: Saysay Himig: An Anthology of Transcultural Filipino Music (1880–1941) ed. by Arwin Q. Tan Frederick J. Schenker (bio) Saysay Himig: A Sourcebook on Philippine Music History, 1880–1921. Edited by Arwin Q. Tan. Music and Culture Book Series. Quezon City: The University of the Philippines Press, 2018. xxiv + 396 pp., illustrations, index. ISBN:928-971-542-858-3 (paperback), ₱ 850.00 ($16.60). Saysay Himig: An Anthology of Transcultural Filipino Music (1880–1941). Produced, supervised, and edited by Arwin Q. Tan. Quezon City: University of the Philippines College of Music, 2017. Three CDs (71, 51, and 77 minutes). 12 pages of notes. ₱ 1,000.00 ($19.50). What is the place of music and expressive culture amid a struggle for sovereignty and independence from colonial rule? What are the sounds of this struggle? The edited collection Saysay Himig: A Sourcebook on Philippine Music History, 1880–1941, and the three- CD set Saysay Himig: An Anthology of Transcultural Filipino Music, 1880–1941, explore these questions during a tumultuous period in the history of the Philippines when the archipelago was emerging from Spanish governance only to be confronted with a rapidly expanding US imperial state. The stated purpose of these publications is to provide an accessible entry point into the understudied history of the intersections of musical practices and developing nationalist expression in the Philippines between 1880 and 1941. They examine a period when Filipinos attempted to imagine and express themselves as a nation through various media, including musical performance. The Sourcebook and Anthology (as well as a third publication edited by José S. Buenconsejo titled Philippine Modernities: Music, Performing Arts, and Language, 1880 to 1941) came on the heels of the 2016 centennial of the University of the Philippines College of Music. Festivities marking this important date included concerts and research symposia that, among other things, celebrated the significance of music in the making of a Philippine nation. The items reviewed here continue this celebratory project by exploring how Filipino composers engaged with and helped shape the emerging possibilities of Philippine nationalism. They show how composers were able to craft their own aesthetic and national expression despite the oppression of imperialism [End Page 139] and the prevailing and often inescapable sounds of European classical and American popular music. Saysay Himig: A Sourcebook1 introduces a wide range of topics and ideas about music in the Philippines around the turn of the twentieth century. As editor Arwin Tan writes in his preface, the “book is intended to be used in the teaching of Philippine music history” and is meant to “cater to the general public’s interest” (xvi). The result is a volume of 50 chapters averaging six to nine pages from a group of 29 scholars, most of whom have connections of some sort to the University of the Philippines. Authors include faculty members of the University of the Philippines College of Music, esteemed figures in Philippine art and academia such as Ramón Santos and Resil Mojares, recently minted PhDs, and a small number of doctoral students and musician- scholars. The chapters are organized around six general themes. These include (1) transmission of music, (2) musical heritage, (3) politics and music, (4) music economy, (5) popular culture, and (6) music communities. Individual topics include but are not limited to audience reception of and writing about music in Manila in various decades; overviews of particular genres or styles— including folk music traditions, rondalla, zarzuela (sarsuwela), bodabil, and opera—in the Philippines; music pedagogy in the Philippines; systems for printing, publishing, selling, and copyrighting music in Manila; and the intersections of US imperialism with music education and performance. The chapters can broadly be grouped into two general approaches. First, many authors offer an encyclopedic- type entry about a particular topic. For example, Isi Miranda outlines a brief history of the musical- theater form zarzuela, Raul Casantusan Navarro provides a history of the Philippines national anthem, José Buenconsejo (who wrote three chapters) analyzes a medley of Tagalog songs from the 1880s, and Arwin Tan (six chapters) covers topics such as the first Tagalog music...

“Humanizing the Indios” Early Spanish missionaries’ struggles for natives’ dignity: Influences and impact in 16th Century Philippines

“Humanizing the Indios” Early Spanish missionaries’ struggles for natives’ dignity: Influences and impact in 16th Century Philippines

Social Institutions on Flexible Learning of Philippine History

Social Institutions on Flexible Learning of Philippine History

Dodged Bullet or Missed Opportunity? A History of Planned Monorails for Manila, 1961–1985

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

Editor’s Introduction

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

Bienvenido L. Lumbera, 1932–2021

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

Human Security and Olongapo Residents’ Nostalgia for the US Subic Base

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

Malini Johar Schueller’s Campaigns of Knowledge: U.S. Pedagogies of Colonialism and Occupation in the Philippines and Japan

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

The Kalibapi’s 1944 Lakambini Popularity Contest during the Japanese Occupation of Iloilo City

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

Rev. Roque J. Ferriols, SJ, 1924–2021

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

Niels Mulder, 1935–2021

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

Gideon Lasco’s The Philippines Is Not a Small Country

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.

Victor S. Venida, 1958–2021

Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints is an internationally refereed journal that publishes scholarly articles and other materials on the history of the Philippines and its peoples, both in the homeland and overseas. It believes the past is illuminated by historians as well as scholars from other disciplines; at the same time, it prefers ethnographic approaches to the history of the present. It welcomes works that are theoretically informed but not encumbered by jargon. It promotes a comparative and transnational sensibility, and seeks to engage scholars who may not be specialists on the Philippines. Founded in 1953 as Philippine Studies, the journal is published quarterly by the Ateneo de Manila University.