History Of Pharmaceutical Industry Research Articles

Historical Developments of Bosnia and Herzegovina Pharmaceutical Industry - the Past and the Future Perspectives of Domestic Manufacturing.

Background:History of pharmaceutical industry in Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) has its roots from 1951. Importance of domestic industry not just from economical aspect but also from public health perspective and as scientific base has not been evaluated previously.Objective:The aim of this article was to provide the review of the pharmaceutical industry developments in Bosnia and Herzegovina, its roots, current position and future perspectives..Methods:Research of published scientific papers as well other documents and archives of pharmaceutical manufacturers has been conducted. We have also analysed market trends focusing on domestic producers.Results and Discussion:Over more than seventy years of B&H pharmaceutical industry has been developing. During Yugoslavia only two companies existed of which one, Bosnalijek is still present, while Sanofarm has been closed. After 1996, expansion of domestic manufacturers started and today six companies are present. They are mainly oriented to generic drugs production in different forms. Total market share of domestic producers in B&H is 20-25% which is relatively low comparing to other countries. Many of domestic manufacturers are exporting their products to some of the most demanding markets in Europe and Middle East.Conclusion:Long history of domestic drug manufacturers in B&H gives solid legacy for future developments. Importance of local producers has been confirmed during war in B&H and COVID-19 pandemic as a crisis situation, mainly from public health perspective and sustainable supply of essential medicines. Higher support by state and collaboration with academia in order to expand portfolio, especially in area of biologic medicines is required in future.

La industria farmacéutica india en el capitalismo contemporáneo

<p>Este ensayo perfila la historia reciente de la industria farmacéutica en India. Para ello se contextualiza e identifica la ruta delineada por este sector, de vital importancia para sus pobladores y del mundo entero, y su actuación dentro de la economía mundial, que mueve a la industria local a convertirse en un actor internacional relevante.</p><p>El análisis aporta algunos elementos determinantes que definen el curso de la industria farmacéutica en esa región. El propósito no es discutir si su desempeño fue o no acertado, sino identificar las particularidades principales de actuación de este sector en la economía local y mundial. Se sostiene que la hipótesis que explica el relativo éxito en la etapa reciente es la conjunción de una serie de factores. Entre otros destacan, la adquisición de habilidades para la producción de fármacos de las empresas locales; regulación mediante el otorgamiento de patentes sobre procesos para la corporación local; en un entorno de competencia transnacional las empresas autóctonas utilizan deformulación o ingeniería inversa, para producir, a bajos precios y alta calidad, medicamentos genéricos altamente rentables.</p><div><div><p> </p></div></div>

The basis of the discovery process for a new pharmaceutical product

Abstract The basis of the discovery process for a new pharmaceutical product is in understanding the mechanism of action of a particular disease or processes in the organism related to the disease and/or its symptoms. The essence of a pharmaceutical is in the active ingredient capable of affecting processes within the organism beneficially. The discovery process includes a particular sequence of activities of various profiles of experts, about which various authors agree. The history of pharmaceutical industry (and pharmacy) is measured from one discovery of an innovative drug or approach to treatment of a particular disease to the next one. The cost of pharmaceutical products is one of the key causes of controversy related to this industry. Numerous cultures have proverbs expressing the opinion that health is priceless or that health is the greatest wealth. What if health does have a price? One of the basic premises of marketing is that price should reflect consumer value.

Impact of drug discovery on stem cell biology

Despite the rapid technical progress in pharmaceutical industry in the past decade, it is still a great challenge to find new drugs and the situation seems more and more serious. However, the history of pharmaceutical industry clearly indicated that the significance of drug discovery went far beyond providing new drugs. For instance, drugs or candidates could be used as selective probes to reveal novel cellular mechanisms, which is a fundamental tenet of chemical biology. More interestingly, accumulating evidence indicates that drugs and candidates can find important use in stem cell biology. Not only approved drugs but also undeveloped pharmacological agents could serve as efficient agents to regulate stem cell fate. Moreover, the target and activity knowledge accumulated during the drug discovery process will help select the stem cell fate modulators in a rational manner. As the progress in stem cell biology will bring positive influence to drug discovery, it can be expected that the current drug discovery efforts will finally bear great fruits in the future.