History Of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Research Articles

The Role of Salivary Micro RNAs as a Diagnostic Marker in Early Detection of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic role of salivary microRNA for early detection oforal squamous cell carcinoma and to compare the salivary microRNA with Biopsy in thediagnosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.Methodology: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the department of pathology and molecular laboratory, department of oral & maxillofacial surgery of Liaquat University of Medical Health Sciences, Jamshoro / Hyderabad.Inclusion Criteria: All histopathologicaly diagnosed OSCC patients of both genders with age group 18 years and above will be included in the study after taking their informed consent. Whole saliva samples (inactivated) were collectedfrom subjects diagnosed as OSCC and controls. The subjects were counseled to avoid eating, drinking, smoking or oral procedures for at least 1 h prior to the collection of saliva. Subjects are asked to rinse their mouth well with distilled drinking water for one minute before taking the saliva samples. After five minutes of oral rinsing spit 5 mL of saliva into a 50 mL sterile tube placed on the ice. The tube should remain on ice while collecting the saliva samples. Fourhundred microliters of the whole saliva mixture (200 ?L whole saliva and 200 ?L RNA later),and 400 ?L of the supernatant saliva was used for RNA extraction. Saliva samples wereextracted using the mirVana™ miRNA Isolation Kit according to the manufacturer's guideline(Ambion Inc., Austin, TX). Whole saliva samples were preserved with RN Alater (QIAGENInc., Valencia, CA) and supernatant saliva samples were preserved with SUPE Rase. In™ (Ambion Inc., Austin, TX). The data was entered in the statistical package for social sciences for windows (SPSS) V: 26.RESULTS: A total of 120 samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma were taken, which met theinclusion criteria. Mean age of the patients was 47.45+10.85 years. 85(70.8%) were married and35 (29.2%) were unmarried. 90.0% were married and 5.0% were unmarried, while 5.0% werewidow. Cigarette smoking, paan, chaalia and naswar were the commonest cause of the oralsquamous cell carcinoma. Lips, buccal mucosa and tong were the commonest t sites of the oralsquamous cell carcinoma. 16.7% cases had positive family history of oral squamous cellcarcinoma. Out of all study subjects, most of the cases 59.2% had moderately differentiatedSCC, 30.0% cases had well-differentiated SCC and 10.8% of the cases had poor differentiatedSCC. Out of all study subjects, 87.5% of the patients had positive micro-RNA expression.Micro-RNA expression was significantly associated, with poorly differentiated squamous cellcarcinoma (p=0.016). CONCLUSION: Study revealed that the salivary miroRNA expression were significantlypositive in patients of OSCC. Therefore, salivary microRNA could be considered as a useful andadvantageous biomarker for the detection and tracking of OSCC across various levels of tissueabnormalities

Hereditary oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with CDKN2A germline mutation: a case report

BackgroundGermline CDKN2A mutations are a well-known cause of familial atypical multiple mole melanoma (OMIM #155601) and melanoma-pancreatic cancer syndrome (OMIM #606719). Increased risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in those with germline CDKN2A mutations, has been described. However, screening for HNSCC is not a routine practice in patients with CDKN2A germline mutations and these mutations are not a conventional test for HNSCC patients without obvious risk factors.Case presentationWe describe a female with no smoking history who developed oral squamous cell carcinoma at age 39 and had a complex clinical course of recurrent multifocal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and carcinoma in situ of the oral cavity and oropharynx. Detailed family history demonstrated that her mother was diagnosed with OSCC and melanoma in her 40 s, and her maternal grandfather was diagnosed with metastatic melanoma in his 40 s. Genetic testing of the patient and her mother revealed CDKN2A c.301G>T mutation. She was referred to genetic counseling as well as to dermatology, gastroenterology, and neurology for cancer surveillance. She was treated with resections and has no evidence of disease 3 years after diagnosis.ConclusionsWe report a family with a CDKN2A c.301 G>T mutation who also have significant history of OSCC, adding to the growing body of literature suggesting increased risk of HNSCC, particularly OSCC, in CDKN2A germline mutation carriers. It is important to consider CDKN2A mutation testing in familial HNSCC and young patients without obvious risk factors. Moreover, surveillance for HNSCC should be routine practice in those with a CDKN2A germline mutation.Graphical abstract