History Of Knee Injury Research Articles

Osteoarthritic changes in the knees of recently retired male professional footballers: a pilot study.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is common amongst retired male professional footballers. There is limited understanding with respect to the interplay between imaging findings, clinical presentation and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in retired professional footballers with knee OA. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the extent of radiological and clinical knee OA in a cohort of retired male professional footballers, and to explore the relationship between these findings and knee-related PROMs. Fifteen retired male professional footballers underwent knee radiographs and were surveyed on their history of clinical OA, severe knee injury and previous knee surgery. The Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score Physical Function Short Form (KOOS-PS) and the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Global Health (PROMIS-GH) were used to assess health outcomes, such as level of function and pain. Radiological knee OA was diagnosed in six out of 15 participants. Seven of the participants had a clinical diagnosis of knee OA. Evidence of clinical and radiological OA was present amongst four participants. Radiological knee OA and clinical OA was significantly associated with a history of severe knee injury and previous knee surgery. Low correlations (ρ<-0.40) were found between knee OA severity and knee-related PROMs. Moderate correlation (ρ=-0.65) was found between clinical knee OA and KOOS-SP. Clinical knee OA correlates with PROMs amongst retired professional footballers but radiological OA does not. Further studies are required to understand the relationship between imaging findings, clinical presentation and PROMs amongst retired professional footballers with knee OA.

Treatment Of A Cruciate Associated Cyst In A Collegiate Rower

HISTORY: A 20 year old female collegiate rower presents to the training room with gradual onset of right knee pain and decreased range of motion. She is unable to identify specific time or mechanism of injury. Her pain is in the posterior knee and worsens with knee flexion and extension against resistance. She particularly notices this while on the ergometer and has had to completely halt her training regimen. She has no history of prior knee injury. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: The right knee is without obvious deformity, erythema or effusion. There is tenderness to palpation of the popliteal space, there is no palpable lesion. Range of motion is limited at full flexion. She has pain with full flexion and extension against resistance. Lachman is intact though produces pain. Posterior drawer and valgus/varus testing are intact. The remainder of the knee exam is unremarkable. DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS: 1. ACL sprain. 2. Popliteal cyst 3. Meniscus injury TEST AND RESULTS: Point of care US: No effusion. No Baker's cyst. Xray right knee: No osseous abnormalities. MRI right knee: Cystic lesion centered at the junction of the posteromedial ACL and lateral meniscal root bundles FINAL/WORKING DIAGNOSIS: Ganglion cyst associated with the ACL/meniscus. TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES: The athlete worked closely with her ATs on a rehab protocol with no improvement in symptoms. Injection therapy with corticosteroid versus arthroscopic intervention were discussed. Ultimately, she was taken to the operating room for successful arthroscopic debridement of the cyst. She was able to return to rowing within weeks of surgery and did not miss any competition.

Knee Confidence Trajectories Over Eight Years and Factors Associated With Poor Trajectories in Individuals With or at Risk for Knee Osteoarthritis.

To identify distinct trajectories of lack of knee confidence over an 8-year follow-up period and to examine baseline factors associated with poor trajectories in individuals with or at risk for knee osteoarthritis (OA). The Osteoarthritis Initiative is a prospective cohort study of individuals with or at high risk for knee OA. Confidence in the knees was assessed within the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score instrument querying how much the individual is troubled by lack of confidence in his/her knee(s), rated as not-at-all (score=0), mildly (score=1), moderately (score=2), severely (score=3), and extremely (score=4) troubled, reported annually from baseline to 96 months. Lack of knee confidence was defined as a score of ≥2. We used latent class models to identify subgroups that share similar underlying knee confidence trajectories over an 8-year period and multivariable multinomial logistic regression models to examine baseline factors associated with poor trajectories. Among 4,515 participants (mean ± SD age 61.2 ± 9.2 years, mean ± SD BMI 28.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2 ; 2,640 [58.5%] women), 4 distinct knee confidence trajectories were identified: persistently good (65.6%); declining (9.1%); poor, improving (13.9%); and persistently poor (11.4%). Baseline predictors associated with persistently poor confidence (reference: persistently good) were younger age, male sex, higher body mass index (BMI), depressive symptoms, more advanced radiographic disease, worse knee pain, weaker knee extensors, history of knee injury and surgery, and reported hip and/or ankle pain. Findings suggest the dynamic nature of self-reported knee confidence and that addressing modifiable factors (e.g., BMI, knee strength, depressive symptoms, and lower extremity pain) may improve its long-term course.

Tibiofemoral knee osteoarthritis progresses symmetrically by knee compartment in the GOGO cohort

ObjectiveTo evaluate the degree of symmetry of knee osteoarthritis (OA) structural severity and progression of participants with a mean follow-up time of 3.8 years. DesignParticipants from the Genetics of Generalized Osteoarthritis (GOGO) study (n ​= ​705) were selected on the basis of radiographic evidence of OA in at least 1 knee, availability of radiographs at baseline and follow-up, and no history of prior knee injury or surgery. Incidence and progression of osteoarthritis were determined by radiographic Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grade; compartmental OA progression was determined by change in joint space width of lateral and medial tibiofemoral compartments. Total OA progression was the sum of change in KL grade of both knees. ResultsCompared with left knees, right knees had more severe KL grades at baseline (p ​= ​0.0002) and follow-up (p ​= ​0.0004), McNemar's χ2 ​= ​34.16 and 26.08, respectively; however, both knees progressed similarly (p ​= ​0.121, McNemar's χ2 ​= ​10.09). Compartmental changes were symmetric across knees: medial r ​= ​0.287, p ​= ​0.0002; lateral r ​= ​0.593, p ​= ​0.0002. Change in joint space width in the medial compartment was negatively correlated with change in the lateral compartment of the same knee (left knees: r ​= ​−0.293, p ​= ​0.021; right knees: r ​= ​−0.195, p ​= ​0.0002). ConclusionsAlthough right knees tended to have more severe OA at both baseline and follow-up, radiographic progression did not differ by knee and compartmental progression correlated across knees. Given this trend in generalized OA, the risk of progression for both knees should be considered, even if only one knee has radiographic OA at baseline.

Differential 18F–NaF uptake in various compartments in knee osteoarthritis: an observational study using PET/MRI

To investigate if the pattern of fluorine-18-labelled sodium fluoride (18F-NaF) uptake on integrated positron-emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of bone marrow lesions (BML) and osteophytes differs between different knee compartments. Sixteen patients with no prior history of knee injury with or without pain were recruited for the study. The images of both knees were acquired on simultaneous PET/MRI. The acquisition was done after 45 minutes of intravenous injection of 18F-NaF 185-370 MBq (5-10 mCi) for 40 minutes. Each knee was divided into eight compartments patella, trochlea, medial central femur, lateral central femur, medial posterior femur, lateral posterior femur, medial tibia, lateral tibia, and cruciate ligament insertion specifically for BML. BML and osteophytes were scored using MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score (MOAKS) criteria and their corresponding maximum standardised uptake values (SUVmax) recorded. BML and osteophytes both showed statistically significant differences among knee compartments, i.e., p-value <0.000 and<0.043 respectively. SUVmax for BML and osteophytes was greatest in the medial tibia. 18F-NaF PET/MRI showed that BML and osteophytes had differential uptake values due to bone remodelling amongst the various knee compartments and this may help to design disease-modifying osteoarthritis drugs in the future.

Concurrent validity and reliability of a semi-automated approach to measuring the magnetic resonance imaging morphology of the knee joint in active youth.

Post-traumatic knee osteoarthritis is attributed to alterations in joint morphology, alignment, and biomechanics triggered by injury. While magnetic resonance (MR) imaging-based measures of joint morphology and alignment are relevant to understanding osteoarthritis risk, time consuming manual data extraction and measurement limit the number of outcomes that can be considered and deter widespread use. This paper describes the development and evaluation of a semi-automated software for measuring tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joint architecture using MR images from youth with and without a previous sport-related knee injury. After prompting users to identify and select key anatomical landmarks, the software can calculate 37 (14 tibiofemoral, 23 patellofemoral) relevant geometric features (morphology and alignment) based on established methods. To assess validity and reliability, 11 common geometric features were calculated from the knee MR images (proton density and proton density fat saturation sequences; 1.5 T) of 76 individuals with a 3-10-year history of youth sport-related knee injury and 76 uninjured controls. Spearman's or Pearson's correlation coefficients (95% CI) and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the concurrent validity of the semi-automated software (novice rater) versus expert manual measurements, while intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC2,1; 95%CI), standard error of measurement (95%CI), 95% minimal detectable change, and Bland-Altman plots were used to assess the inter-rater reliability of the semi-automated software (novice vs resident radiologist rater). Correlation coefficients ranged between 0.89 (0.84, 0.92; Lateral Trochlear Inclination) and 0.97 (0.96, 0.98; Patellar Tilt Angle). ICC estimates ranged between 0.79 (0.63, 0.88; Lateral Patellar Tilt Angle) and 0.98 (0.95, 0.99; Bisect Offset). Bland-Altman plots did not reveal systematic bias. These measurement properties estimates are equal, if not better than previously reported methods suggesting that this novel semi-automated software is an accurate, reliable, and efficient alternative method for measuring large numbers of geometric features of the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints from MR studies.

Clinimetric properties of the knee extension prone test (KEPT): A new method to assess knee hyperextension deficit

IntroductionThe knee extension prone test (KEPT) can be a low-cost and affordable alternative for this assess knee hyperextension deficit. ObjectiveTo analyze concurrent validity and reliability of a new method for assessing knee extension prone (knee extension prone test; KEPT). MethodsParticipants were divided into two groups: Group 1 comprised healthy participants (HG) and Group 2 comprised participants with a history of knee injury (IG). Two examiners performed the following evaluations: (1) lateral knee goniometry, (2) anterior tibial inclinometry, (3) lateral photogrammetry in supine, (4) lateral photogrammetry in prone, and (5) KEPT. Concurrent validity was analyzed by Pearson's linear correlation coefficient (r), and intra- and inter-examiner reliability were analyzed by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). ResultsKEPT demonstrated good intra-examiner (ICC = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.75–0.89) and excellent inter-examiner (ICC = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.88–0.94) reliability. The standard error of measurement was 0.47° and 1.30° and the minimum detectable change was 2.35° and 6.5° for intra- and inter-examiner agreement, respectively. Concurrent validity of KEPT ranged from moderate to good (r = 0.54–0.78, p < 0.01). ConclusionKEPT is a valid and reliable method for assessing knee hyperextension deficit in both healthy individuals and patients with knee injuries.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Introduction: Knee injuries are one of the most common injuries in the athletic population. In case if left untreated, it leads to degenerative changes; hence, timely management is important. Aims and Objectives: This study aimed to study the correlation between cruciate ligament and meniscal tear in sports injury. (I) to grade the cruciate ligament injury, (II) to classify the type of meniscal tear, and (III) to find the association between cruciate ligament injury and type of meniscal tear. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the institute of Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe), for the period of 2 years and included patients who came for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) knee with a history of knee injury while playing sports which reveals cruciate ligaments and meniscal injury are included in the study population. Results: In our study, there was a statistically significant difference was observed in anterior cruciate ligament tear and lateral meniscus tear in all grades. Conclusion: We found the diagnostic efficacy of MRI for lateral meniscus tear was statistically significant with anterior and PCL tears. Radiologists and surgeons must be more cautious in examining the lateral meniscus in MRI.

Does a history of youth sport-related knee injury still impact accelerometer-measured levels of physical activity after 3–12 years?

ObjectivesTo examine accelerometer-measured physical activity (PA) in individuals with a knee injury history and controls and the association of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) with self-reported and performance measures of knee function. DesignHistorical cohort. ParticipantsParticipants with a 3–12 year history of youth sport-related knee injury and matched controls. Main outcome measuresMVPA (Actigraph GT3x-BT), Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), Triple Single-Leg Hop, Y-Balance and isometric knee strength was measured. Regression analyses examined differences in PA and the association between MVPA and knee function, adjusted for injury history, sex and time since injury. ResultsParticipants (42 injured, 43 controls) had a median age of 23.4 (range 16–29) years. The previously injured group spent less daily adjusted minutes in MVPA [-13.5 (95% CI -25.6, −1.4)] than controls, and females had 10.8 min (95% CI -20.2, −1.4) less MVPA than males. Higher MVPA was associated with better KOOS sport and recreation [β = 0.05, 95% CI (0.01, 0.09)] adjusted for injury history. No other associations were observed. ConclusionPreviously injured youth participated in less MVPA compared to controls 3–12 years later. Lower MVPA is associated with poorer self-reported sport and recreation knee function which may have long-term negative health consequences.

Youth sport specialization associated with poorer lower extremity function & pain as young adults

ABSTRACT Objective Examine the link between youth sports specialization and long-term lower extremity joint health after sports by comparing lower extremity function, pain, and history of sport-related injuries between young adults that were highly, moderately, and low specialized in youth sports. Methods We used a cross-sectional design, and all data was collected using an electronic survey. Our sample included N = 356 young adults who participated in a primary sport during youth and high school sports but were no longer participating in that sport as a young adult. Participants were stratified into high (n = 111), moderate (n = 119), and low (n = 126) specialization groups using a 3-criteria sport specialization questionnaire based on youth sports participation prior to high school. We compared participants current Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) score (0–80), the proportion of participants with clinically important deficits in LEFS score (≤71/80), current lower extremity (foot/ankle, knee, hip) pain scores (0–10), and history of lower extremity (foot/ankle, knee, hip) injuries between the high, moderate, and low specialization groups. Results The high specialization group reported significantly lower overall LEFS scores, and a greater proportion (40%) reported clinically important deficits in LEFS scores compared to the low specialization group (20%). The high specialization group also reported greater foot/ankle and knee pain and a greater proportion of sport-related knee injuries than the low specialization group (49% vs 25%). Conclusions Our findings suggest that even after discontinuing sports, young adults who were highly specialized in youth sports before high school reported clinically important deficits in lower extremity function, greater foot/ankle and knee pain, and a greater history of knee injuries than young adults who were not specialized in youth sports, suggesting a possible link between youth sports specialization and long-term lower extremity health after sports.

Risk factors for the postoperative effect of symptomatic discoid lateral meniscus after arthroscopy

To explore the influencing factors of the postoperative effect of arthroscopic treatment of symptomatic discoid lateral meniscus (DLM). From September 2008 to September 2015, patients with symptomatic DLM treated by arthroscopic surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The knee function was evaluated by Lysholm scoring system. According to the scoring results, it was divided into excellent (≥90 points), good (80 to 89 points), fair (70 to 79 points) and poor (<70 points). Sixteen research factors were collected, namely gender, operation age, body mass index, work intensity, symptom duration, history of knee injury, involved knee side, DLM classification, DLM injury type, DLM injury site, medial meniscus injury, knee cartilage injury site and degree, Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) classification, operation method, and latest follow-up time. According to the data type, Kruskall-Wallis rank sum test or χ2 test was used for univariate analysis, and ordinal Logistic regression model was used for multivariate analysis. Univariate analysis showed that the statistically significant factors were included in the multivariate analysis model, and the independent risk factors influencing the curative effect of symptomatic DLM were obtained. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 502 patients were included. Lysholm functional grade at the latest follow-up was higher than that before operation (P<0.001). Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in gender, body mass index, work intensity, history of knee injury, age of operation, duration of symptoms, medial meniscus injury, K-L grade, operation method, location and degree of knee cartilage injury among Lysholm functional grades(P<0.05). Ordinal logistic regression analysis showed that female was an independent risk factor for postoperative efficacy (P=0.002, OR=0.370);body mass index (P=0.007, OR=0.894), work intensity(P=0.004, OR=0.525), age of operation(P<0.001, OR=0.953), duration of symptoms(P<0.001, OR=0.989), degree of cartilage damage (P=0.016, OR=0.631) were negatively correlated with Lysholm knee function classification. Arthroscopy is a safe and effective method for the treatment of symptomatic DLM. The gender, body mass index, work intensity, age of operation, duration of symptoms and degree of knee cartilage injury are independent influencing factors for the postoperative efficacy of symptomatic DLM.

Preoperative Predictors of Prolonged Hospital Stay in Accelerated Rehabilitation for Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery.

In this study, we performed a retrospective and prospective study of preoperative predictors of the length of stay (LOS) in three groups of surgical patients and conducted a clinical retrospective study of the current research status of preoperative predictors of LOS prolongation in three groups of patients under ERAS (enhanced recovery after surgery) mode, such as patient characteristics and comorbidities. Information such as patients' exercise preferences, exercise time, frequency and duration, footwear, location of knee osteoarthritis, whether there is a past history of knee injury, and smoking and drinking history was collected, and the research data of 312 patients undergoing the three operations were analyzed by SPSS. Meniscal injury-knee arthroscopy sample included a total of 104 people. Surgical sample for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction included a total of 100 subjects. Knee osteoarthritis-knee replacement surgery sample included 148 people who were divided into two groups in a ratio of 1 : 1: one group used Mailuo Shutong pills during hospitalization (intervention group) and the other group did not (control group). The research conclusions are as follows. Meniscal Knee Arthroscopy. (1) Samples from different causes of injury showed significant differences for all injured sites. (2) Samples with different smoking and drinking histories all showed significant differences for the causes of injury. (3) Exercise hobby, exercise frequency, duration of each exercise and duration of exercise, and warm-up time before exercise all showed positive correlation. Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Surgery. (4) Samples from different causes of injury showed significant differences for all the injured sites. (5) Age has a significant negative influence on the wearing of shoes at ordinary times. (6) Exercise hobby: the warm-up time before exercise had a significant negative influence on the injured area. (7) Two groups of analysis items of exercise frequency, exercise duration and exercise duration, preexercise warm-up time, and exercise hobby were typically positively correlated. Total Knee Arthroplasty. (8) There was a significant difference of 0.01 between the hospitalization days of the intervention group and the control group (p < 0.01), and the hospitalization days of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group. These results indicated that Mailuo Shutong pills were of great significance for the treatment of orthopedic patients during the operation period in that it could effectively shorten the hospital stay of all orthopedic patients and strengthen the accelerated rehabilitation. (9) There was a significant positive correlation between the history of knee joint surgery and the use time of Mailuo Shutong pills. (10) There was a markable positive correlation between occupation and sports hobbies, sports time, frequency and duration, and footwear. There was a significant negative correlation between occupation and preexercise warm-up. (11) Exercise time, frequency, and duration have significant positive influence on BMI.

Validity of Ottawa Knee Rules at a Teaching Hospital of Eastern Nepal

Introduction: Knee injuries are encountered frequently in Orthopedic emergency and Outpatient departments. Radiographs are routinely ordered in them, but not all of them demonstrate clear fractures. The decision for radiography based on subjective evaluation can help to reduce cost, decrease waiting time, and unnecessary radiation exposure. We lack this information in our context.&#x0D; Objective: The objective of this study was to find the validity of the Ottawa knee rule (OKR) in patients presenting with acute knee injuries at a teaching hospital in eastern Nepal.&#x0D; Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2018 to February 2019 including 210 cases of acute knee injuries. The patients were evaluated as per OKR and their X-rays were evaluated too. Collected data were entered in MS Excel and analyzed by SPSS for validity.&#x0D; &#x0D; Results: Out of the total of 210 eligible patients (122 males and 88 females) with a mean age of 43.97 years, the radiography rate was 100% but the yield rate was only 10.5%. Overall 69% of patients presented to the hospital within 24 hours of the injury and direct hit/trauma was the commonest mode of injury. Patella fractures were commonest followed by proximal tibia fractures. There was a high sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 42.02%. The rule yielded a Positive and Negative Predictive value of 16.79% and 100%, respectively. The OKR, if applied correctly, could result in radiography rate reduction by 37.61%. The Fisher exact test result was significant at p&lt;0.05.&#x0D; Conclusion: OKRs is a valid tool to predict fractures in patients who has a history of acute knee injuries without chances of missing fractures. This rule can reduce unnecessary radiography in our setup as well.

Cross-Sectional Risk Factors of Anterior Knee Pain in Adolescents.

Background: Anterior knee pain is a common complaint amongst adolescents, which can both be persistent, and in some cases, disabling. This study investigated a series of potential risk factors potentially linked to the onset of anterior knee pain.Methods: Questionnaires were distributed amongst 367 10–15 years-olds enrolled in the local school board. These surveys included questions on sex, age, sport participation, and history of anterior knee pain verified by a physician. Bivariate correlations and a binomial logistic regression were conducted. Overall rate of AKP in the population studied was 7.4%. The results indicated that past history of knee pain, age, and increased sports participation significantly correlated with increased risk of AKP. AKP was significantly more common in females than males. While sex, height, age, overall sport participation, participation in specific sports, and history of knee injury all contributed to the binomial model.

Clinical relevance of MRI knee abnormalities in Australian rules football players: a longitudinal study

Background/AimThe clinical relevance of MRI knee abnormalities in athletes is unclear. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of MRI knee abnormalities in Australian Rules Football (ARF) players and describe...

Prevalence of Knee Injury in East Java’s Puslatda Fencing Athletes

Background: Fencing is one of many sports that are held in major sports events, both nationally and internationally. Fencing also has a high risk of injury, and knee injury is the most common injury site according to the authors' observations. Even so, studies on knee injuries in fencing athletes are very scarce, especially in Indonesia.Aim: To ascertain the prevalence of knee injuries and its intrinsic risk profile in fencing athletes at East Java Puslatda (regional training center).Material and Methods: The method used in this study was descriptive observational based on athletes’ health screening data, which were obtained from Sport Clinic Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital and athletes’ fitness data obtained from KONI.Results: This research involved 14 fencing athletes that were active in the East Java regional training center. Out of the 14 athletes who were included in this study, it was found that 1 athlete (7.1%) had a knee injury and 13 athletes (92.9%) had no knee injury. The athlete who had injured was a senior overweight female, had history of knee injury, average VO2max, normal knee ROM and alignment, and did 1-2 times leg strengthening exercises every week.Conclusion: The prevalence of knee injuries in fencing athletes at East Java regional training center is 1 in 14 athletes.

Longitudinal Changes in Ultrasound-Assessed Femoral Cartilage Thickness in Individuals from 4 to 6 Months Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

ObjectiveDiagnostic ultrasound provides a valid assessment of cartilage health that has been used to observe cross-sectional cartilage thickness differences post-ACLR (anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction), but has not been used longitudinally during early recovery post-ACLR.DesignThe purpose of this study was to assess longitudinal changes in femoral cartilage thickness via ultrasound in individuals at 4 to 6 months post-ACLR and compared to healthy controls. Twenty participants (50% female, age = 21.1 ± 5.7 years) completed testing sessions 4 and 6 months post-ACLR. Thirty healthy controls (57% female, age = 20.8 ± 3.8 years) without knee injury history completed 2 testing sessions (>72 hours apart). Femoral cartilage ultrasound images were captured bilaterally in ACLR participants and in the dominant limb of healthy controls during all sessions. Average cartilage thicknesses in the medial, intercondylar, and lateral femoral regions were determined using a semi-automated processing technique.ResultsWhen comparing cartilage thickness mean differences or changes over time, individuals post-ACLR did not demonstrate between limb differences (P-range = 0.50-0.92), limb differences compared to healthy controls (P-range = 0.19-0.94), or changes over time (P-range = 0.22-0.72) for any femoral cartilage thickness region. However, participants demonstrated cartilage thickening (45%) or thinning (35%) that exceeded minimal detectable change (MDC) from 4 to 6 months post-ACLR, respectively.ConclusionsUsing MDC scores may help better identify within-subject femoral cartilage thickness changes longitudinally post-ACLR due to bidirectional cartilage thickness changes.

Individual and cumulative measures of knee joint load associate with T2 relaxation times of knee cartilage in young, uninjured individuals: A pilot study

BackgroundArticular cartilage structure and chondrocyte health are sensitive and reliant on dynamic joint loading during activities. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the association between measures of individual and cumulative knee joint loading with T2 relaxation times in the knee cartilage of young individuals without knee injury. MethodsTwelve participants (17–30 years old) without history of knee injury or surgery completed MRI, physical activity (PA), and biomechanical gait testing. T2 relaxation times were calculated in the cartilage within the patella and lateral and medial compartments. Accelerometry was used to measure mean daily step counts, minutes of PA, and % sedentary time over 7 days. Vertical ground reaction force, external knee joint moments and peak knee flexion angle were measured during stance phase of gait using three-dimensional motion capture. Cumulative knee joint loading was calculated as daily step count by external knee joint moment impulse. The relationship between measures of knee joint loading and T2 relaxation times was assessed using Pearson correlations. ResultsHigher T2 relaxation times in the femoral and tibial cartilage were consistently correlated to greater body mass, daily step counts, moderate and vigorous PA, and peak knee joint moments (r = 0.10–0.84). Greater cumulative knee flexion and adduction loading was associated with higher T2 relaxation times in the femoral and tibial cartilage (r = 0.16–0.65). ConclusionPreliminary findings suggest that individual loading factors and cumulative knee joint loading are associated with higher T2 relaxation times in the articular cartilage of young, healthy knees.

Changes in anterior femoral articular cartilage structure in collegiate rugby athletes with and without a history of traumatic knee joint injury following a five-month competitive season

This study aimed to examine anterior femoral cartilage morphology before (pre-season) and after (post-season) a 5-month competitive season in collegiate ruby players with and without a previous history of traumatic injury to ligamentous, meniscus, and/or cartilage structures at the knee joint. Using a prospective cohort design, 42 male collegiate rugby players with a previous history of traumatic intracapsular knee joint injury and 124 players without knee injury history were included in this study. Ultrasonography assessments of anterior femoral cartilage were performed before (pre-season) and following a 5-month athletic season (post-season). Rugby players with a history of traumatic knee joint injury had greater lateral condylar thickness (2.37 ± 0.35 mm, p = 0.03), intercondylar thickness (2.51 ± 0.47 mm, p = 0.03), and partial area (44.67 ± 7.28mm2, p = 0.02) compared to control players (lateral = 2.23 ± 0.35 mm, intercondylar = 2.32 ± 0.47 mm, partial area = 41.60 ± 7.26 mm2), regardless of pre-and post-season assessment time points. Pre-season ultrasonography assessment of lateral condylar thickness (2.34 ± 0.47 mm, p = 0.02), medial condylar thickness (2.05 ± 0.43 mm, p = 0.03), and partial area (44.10 ± 9.23 mm2, p = 0.001) were significantly greater than the post-season ultrasonography assessment time point (lateral = 2.26 ± 0.43 mm, medial = 1.98 ± 0.43 mm, partial area = 42.17 ± 8.82 mm2), regardless of group membership. Rugby players with a history of intracapsular knee joint injury displayed altered anterior femoral cartilage size via ultrasonography assessments. Regardless of a presence of injury history, collegiate rugby players showed a decrease in cartilage thickness and partial area following a 5-month competitive season.

Prevalence and Structural Abnormal Findings of Injured Knee Joint among Adult Patients detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of 70 Cases in a tertiary hospital of Bangladesh

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging is a very useful diagnostic tool for the detection of abnormalities of injured knee joint.&#x0D; Objective: This present study was performed to see the different abnormalities of injured knee joint detected by MRI among adult patients.&#x0D; Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Radiology and Imaging at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSSMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from January to June 2021 for a period of six months. The patients in the age group of equal or more than 18 years with both male and female who were visiting Department of Orthopaedics at BSMMU, Dhaka with history of knee injuries were subjected to MRI were selected as study population. MRI findings of the knee joint were analyzed for the presence of any signal changes or lesions of varying severity for the structures of menisci, cartilage, bone marrow, tendons and ligaments of injured knee joint.&#x0D; Results: A total number of 65 cases of knee joints were analyzed. The mean with the SD of age of the study population was 35.34±13.371. The left knee (60.0%) was more involved than right knee (40.0%). The lesion in femur and tibia were found in 10(15.4%) cases and 8(12.3%) cases respectively. Out of 65 knee joints there were 41 joints were found the tear of anterior cruciate ligament. The complete, interstial tear in the anterior cruciate ligaments were 26(40.0%) and 15(23.1%) knee joints respectively. However, anterior cruciate ligaments of 24(36.9%) knee joints were found normal. Medial meniscus (36.9%) was more involved than lateral meniscus (18.5%).&#x0D; Conclusion: In conclusion young adult male are more commonly affected their left knee joint with the tearing of complete tear of anterior cruciate ligaments and involvement of medial meniscus.&#x0D; Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research, July 2021;8(2):80-84