History Of Industry Research Articles

THE ROLE OF MILITARY TRIBUNALS IN THE FIGHT AGAINST LABOUR DESERTION AT TEXTILE ENTERPRISES OF IVANOVO REGION IN 1942–1943

This article examines the punitive practice of military tribunals against textile workers who committed unauthorised departure from enterprises, as well as production disrupters influential among workers, from November 1942 to November 1943. It became possible after the adoption by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on October 11, 1942, of Decree ‟On the extension of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR” dated December 26, 1941, to workers and employees of enterprises of the People’s Commissariat of the Textile Industry of the USSR. ‟On the responsibility of workers and employees of enterprises of the military industry for unauthorised withdrawal from enterprises.” As a result, textile workers were equated with workers in the defence industry; they were considered mobilised for the period of the war and assigned to permanent work at the textile factories and factories where they worked. The unauthorised departure of workers and employees from work was considered as desertion, and those guilty of committing them (deserters) were sentenced by military tribunals to imprisonment for a term of 5 to 8 years. The article reflects the dynamics of this process, provides data on deserters by profession and sex; we call preventive measures on labour collectives, etc. Attention is paid to such positive practice of the tribunals as conditional conviction with the obligation to return to the enterprise. It was prepared on the materials of the State Archive of Ivanovo Region, which had first been introduced into scientific circulation. It is addressed to specialists in the field of the history of Soviet textile industry, to graduate students, undergraduates and students of higher educational institutions.

Guest Editorial: Quantum Computing: A Beacon of Transformation for the Oil and Gas Industry

This past June, the United Nations proclaimed 2025 as the International Year of Quantum Science and Technology to recognize the potential of quantum science to drive innovations in sustainable development and global communications. It is also a recognition of how far the theoretical concept of quantum computing has come to become a reality, and the race to build a powerful quantum computer is accelerating every year. According to a recent report from Global Quantum Intelligence, the impact of quantum tech across the oil and gas industry could equate to $2.6 trillion by 2035. As the first chief data scientist in the oil and gas industry, I am acutely aware of the myriad challenges that our industry faces. I firmly believe that quantum computing and related quantum technologies are on the brink of revolutionizing our industry in ways we have yet to fully comprehend. The quantum revolution demands that the oil and gas and the broader energy industry rethink their approach to exponential technology and sustainability. The industry's history of adopting emerging technologies, as evidenced by the slow uptake of digital transformation, underscores the urgency of this shift. Even 30 years after the introduction of the digital oilfield concept, the industry lags in data quality, addressing data silos, and data democratization, as compared with other complex and highly regulated industries. The urgency of an energy transition towards a sustainable future necessitates the oil and gas industry to confront its complex challenges, which are beyond the scope of current computing power. Quantum computing, with its unparalleled computational power, emerges as one of the most promising technologies to optimize and accelerate solutions to the industry's intricate problems. As we discuss quantum computing in detail, we will explore how related quantum interconnected areas—quantum sensing, quantum networking, and quantum simulations—will enable unique applications for the oil and gas industry. In simple words, quantum computing is the field of computing that uses the principles of quantum mechanics to solve complex problems that are intractable for classical computers. The three main principles of quantum mechanics that are the cornerstone of quantum computing are superposition, entanglement, and quantum interference. Unlike traditional computing, where a bit (0 or 1) is the basic unit, a qubit is the unit of quantum computing. A qubit can exist in a state of 0, 1, or both simultaneously due to superposition, enabling parallel computations and the exploration of multiple solutions at once. Entanglement allows for correlated states, enabling operations on multiple qubits simultaneously for enhanced computational power. Quantum interference allows quantum states to interfere constructively or destructively with each other, amplifying correct solutions and suppressing incorrect ones, thereby empowering efficient computations. Thus, a significant quantum advantage is gained by using quantum computing for certain computationally challenging problems compared with traditional computing. Quantum computing will be performed on quantum computers, which are developed today using various technologies such as photonics, light particles, trapped ions, neutral atom traps, superconducting qubits, and controlling nitrogen vacancy centers in imperfect diamonds.

Barriers influencing the sustainable development of community-based tourism (CBT): evidence from Ciaotou heritage village in Taiwan

PurposeIn recent years, community-based tourism (CBT) in the global market has been combined with specific themes in order to establish various tourism activities. Relatively few studies have comprehensively investigated how this type of CBT should be developed. Therefore, this study takes CBT with festival themes combined with community characteristics as a case study, which explores what obstacles exist in CBT with a combination of community characteristics – the industrial history of sugar factories and external themes, such as, formal flower displays.Design/methodology/approachThe thematic analysis is employed for data analysis of interviews. All interview participants were stakeholders.FindingsThis study identifies five types of obstacles: policy-related, environmental-related, innovation-related, industry-related and communication-related. Based on these findings, it is vital to consider both community and other characteristics of CBT. At the same time, after evaluating the rational perceptions of different stakeholders within the same type of obstacle, this study proposes a more specific and comprehensive development strategies for CBT.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first study of community agricultural tourism which collected the viewpoints of different stakeholders – tourists, residents, community associations, local businesses and the government. This study employs in-depth analysis of external policies and environmental and agricultural factors to discover and develop relevant coping strategies and implications.

Toxic and essential elements in honeybee venom from Slovakia: Potential health risk to humans

Honeybee venom is one of the natural substances produced by bees (Apis mellifera). Their venom gland produces venom which plays a defensive role. In this study a concentration of macro and trace elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Sb, Se, Sr, Pb and Zn) in foragers′ and honeybees′ venom was analysed by axial inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) with good validation parameters to differentiate the element accumulation ability in honeybee venom. Cumulative ability for some elements (As, Al, Ba, Cr, Li, Mo, Pb, and Zn) in bee venom was clearly demonstrated. Oppositely, levels of macro elements (Ca, K, Mg and Na) in venom were several times lower compared to the levels detected in foragers. Moreover, PCA analysis of bee samples showed that Cr was associated with locality Košice, and Cd with locality Krompachy; both have rich industrial history. Since some of analysed elements are potentially toxic for humans, a risk assessment for bee-stung scenario was also calculated. A new way of exposure to potentially toxic elements via honeybee stung was showed in this study. Non-carcinogenic risk assessment for humans to selected toxic elements (As, Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb) demonstrated acceptable risk and moreover the same we may conclude for potential carcinogenic risk for beekeepers exposed to As, Cd, Ni, and Pb via venom over their whole life.

Pine woodland fire dynamics mirror industrial history at New River Gorge National Park and Preserve, West Virginia, USA

Fire is an important biophysical process in pine (Pinus) and mixed pine-oak (Quercus) forests and woodlands across the Central Appalachian Mountains. Decades of fire exclusion, however, particularly on public lands, have resulted in a well-documented homogenization of species composition and forest structure. Our objective was to inform management and restoration efforts by expanding on previous dendroecological research at New River Gorge National Park and Preserve and adjacent Babcock State Park in southern West Virginia. Specifically, we assessed pine woodland fire activity in the context of local industrial history, land management, and regional drought. Samples cut from 110 fire-scarred pine trees, distributed across four sites, were used to develop a fire-scar record that spans the period 1842–2010; however, sample depth diminishes rapidly before the 1860s. Fires occurred frequently and extensively in the early–mid 20th century, coinciding with peak coal production and population density. Eleven major fires, or years when at least two trees and 25 % of samples recorded a fire scar at an individual site, were documented in the tree-ring record, but none occurred during the federal land management era (1978–present). Synchronous fire events recorded at two or more sites were associated with drier than average September–May (‘dormant season’) climate conditions. Our results indicate that, since the late 19th century, fire activity in pine woodlands at the New River Gorge has been driven primarily by human ignitions associated with industrial activities, and that periods of drought have amplified landscape-scale fire occurrence. Land managers should consider these historical fire patterns when developing restoration strategies that may include prescribed fire, thinning treatments, and managed wildfires.

ON THE IMPLEMENTATION BY THE PEOPLE’S COMMISSARIAT OF LIGHT INDUSTRY OF THE USSR OF THE RESOLUTIONS OF THE STATE DEFENCE COMMITTEE IN THE 2ND HALF OF 1941

This article examines the process of implementation by the People’s Commissariat of Light Industry of the USSR of the resolutions of the State Defence Committee on the production of clothing and equipment for the acting army. At the same time, the most difficult period for the Soviet state is covered – the 2nd half of 1941. The resolutions are examined in chronological order, as they were adopted, which allows us comprehending the progressive formation of the experience of state management of the economy of various industries and, above all, light industry. Moreover, they allow us getting an idea of the needs of the Red Army during that period, state measures aimed not only at replenishing military equipment lost in the first months of the battles, but also increasing production of uniforms, primarily winter ones. The article reflects the problems that arose during the implementation of the Committee’s resolutions, their overcoming, as well as the first actions to unite the efforts of the People’s Commissariats to solve priority tasks. It also provides information on the example of the Ukraine SSR about the loss of the entire light industry as a result of the occupation of virtually all the economic potential, which was to be replaced by enterprises in Central Russia and the eastern regions of the Soviet Union. The article presents the results of the work of the People’s Commissariat of Light Industry of the USSR for the 2nd half of 1941. The article is addressed to specialists in the field of the history of light industry, graduate students, undergraduates and students of higher educational institutions.

Persistent Organic Pollutants in Tagus Estuary Salt Marshes: Patterns of Contamination and Plant Uptake.

The presence of anthropogenic compounds, including organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), was studied in three salt marshes within the Tagus estuary, Portugal, along an anthropogenic pressure gradient. Results revealed differences in OCPs and PCBs among the marshes, with differing concentration levels. Specifically, one marsh, with surrounding agricultural activity, showed the highest OCP concentrations, while another, with a historical industrial past, exhibited elevated PCB levels. In contrast, a third marsh, part of a natural reserve, displayed comparatively lower concentrations of both substances. Sediment concentrations, likely influenced by agricultural practices, were found to be comparable to or higher than those observed in other Portuguese estuaries. The halophyte Spartina maritima was found to absorb OCPs, particularly in its aboveground tissues, suggesting bioaccumulation within the plant. Additionally, PCB levels appeared to be influenced by industrial history, with one marsh displaying notably higher concentrations. In conclusion, the persistence of organochlorine compounds in the salt marsh ecosystems notwithstanding the regulatory prohibitions implemented in the 1990s highlights the need for continuous monitoring and study of such sites and the necessity of remediation practices, which are imperative to mitigate ecological and health risks in these polluted salt marshes.

Decline and Revival of Jute Industry

This research paper investigates India's jute business, documenting its beginnings, expansion, and influence on the economics and society of the country. Jute, sometimes known as the "golden fiber," has long been used in Indian manufacture and trade. It dives into important turning points, scientific advancements, economic shifts, and sociological implications that have shaped the jute industry's history. This article examines how the jute industry has developed and adapted to changing conditions by examining the historical context, legislative acts, and global market dynamics. The Jute Industry saw great expansion in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, but has faced substantial obstacles in the twenty-first century, including as raw material limitations, the introduction of polymer substitutes, and worldwide rivalry in jute manufacture. Unfortunately, the jute industry has failed, resulting in worker devaluation and catastrophic situations in West Bengal, India's main jute producing state. This research paper will look at the circumstances that led to India's jute culture, its height during British rule, the aftereffects of the 1947 split, and the Indian government's efforts to reinvigorate and preserve the ailing industry both in the state and throughout the country.

Microhistory as Industrial History: Environment, Sugar Capitalism and Labour in Egypt, 1863–1879

Microhistory as Industrial History: Environment, Sugar Capitalism and Labour in Egypt, 1863–1879

The Research Progress in the Development of China's Health Industry

In recent years, China's health industry has been developing rapidly, and research on it has been gradually enriched. In order to explore the current research progress on the development of China's health industry and make a summary of the previous research. This paper provides an overview of the existing research in terms of the connotation and extension of the health industry, the emergence and development history of China's health industry, the current situation of China's health industry, the main factors affecting the development of the health industry, and the development mode and path of the health industry. Summaries the existing research results, identify the deficiencies in the research field, and put forward suggestions for further research.

“If your ox does not pull, what are you going to do?”: Persistent Violence in South Africa’s Deep-Level Gold Mines and Its Contribution to the 1922 Rand Rebellion

Abstract The 1922 Rand Rebellion was the only instance of worker protest in the twentieth century in which a modern state used tanks and military airplanes, as well as mounted infantry, to suppress striking workers. These circumstances were unprecedented in their own time and for most of the century. The compressed and intensely violent rebellion of twenty thousand white mineworkers in South Africa’s gold mines had several overlapping features. Within a matter of days—from 6 to 12 March—it went from a general strike to a racial pogrom and insurrection against the government of Prime Minister Jan Smuts. Throughout all these twists and turns, the battle standard remained, “Workers of the world unite and fight for a White South Africa!” Race and violence were integral features of South Africa’s industrial history, but they do not explain the moments when discrete groups of people chose to use them as weapons or bargaining tools. At the close of the First World War, for instance, South Africa’s white mine workers demanded a more comprehensive distribution of the privileges of white supremacy, but in a manner that was both violent and contentious. Consequently, South Africa’s immediate postwar period became one of the most violent moments in its history.

Spaceworthiness: the future of space products safety

The new space race, now played by several private companies and remarkable Asian new players, raises new considerations regarding the fair, enjoyable, sustainable, and economically feasible use of space products and their environment: the planet’s atmosphere and outer space. Inspired by the successful (but not easy nor cheap) path coursed by aviation, this article seeks to present a brief history of both industries (air and space) and the available legal framework for space matters in Brazil, Europe, the USA, and at the United Nations level. Lastly, this work discusses the necessity of creating an organization at the molds of ICAO (International Civil Aviation Organization) in the space sector to promote standardization and harmonization among players all around the globe involved in space operations.

Shaped by boom-and-bust: a history of the Canadian mining industry since 1859

ABSTRACT This article is concerned with the historical evolution of the mining industry in Canada since 1859. The focus is directed on changes that occurred in the industry and allows for the identification of four distinct mining regimes. These regimes are defined using the Regulation Theory, which connects conditions of production, technical progress, financial structures, and social relations. The identification of regimes gives a portrait of continuity and change in the industry. Continuity is present in the active role of the state, the legal framework based on Free Mining Principle and persistent speculation in the industry. Change is illustrated in price cycle, labour share and technological innovation. Interestingly, through time, price cycles have very different outcomes in financial and real economic terms. The most recent upswing in the late 1990s resulted in a punctual increase of financial assets but no significant increase in employment. Through this discussion, it becomes evident that the mechanisms underlying continuity and change have implications on the nature of state intervention and on the distribution of power between the corporate and regional actors like the workers and indigenous communities.

Exploring the Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Simulating Heritage Corridors for Sustainable Development of Industrial Heritage in Foshan City, China

Industrial heritage serves as a testament to the historical and cultural legacy of industrialization, and its preservation and adaptive reuse are crucial for promoting sustainable urban development. This study explores the spatiotemporal dynamics of industrial heritage in Foshan City, China, and simulates potential heritage corridors to inform effective conservation and revitalization strategies. By employing Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) and Standard Deviational Ellipse (SDE) methods, the research investigates the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of industrial heritage across different historical periods and industrial types. An Analytic Hierarchical Process (AHP) is used to construct a hierarchical model of resistance factors, which serves as the basis for simulating potential heritage corridors using the Minimum Cumulative Resistance (MCR) model. The results unveil distinct spatiotemporal distribution patterns, with concentrations of industrial heritage in the central Chancheng District and southeastern Shunde District. Two primary potential heritage corridors are identified, and prioritized strategies for their adaptive reuse are proposed. The findings contribute to a comprehensive understanding of industrial heritage distribution in Foshan City and provide valuable insights for the conservation, planning, and sustainable development of these significant sites. The study highlights the importance of integrating spatiotemporal analysis and heritage corridor modeling in the decision-making process for industrial heritage revitalization, ensuring the preservation of invaluable industrial history and culture while fostering sustainable urban growth.

Industry, Photography, Representations: Portugal, 1897-1914

In late nineteenth century and in the first two decades of the twentieth century, Portugal witnessed a modest industrial growth. This industrialisation process was recorded by thousands of photographs, many of which were published in the illustrated press. In this article, I analyse how Portuguese industry was represented by photography and how that representation was disseminated nationwide through the publication of photographs in the two most important illustrated magazines of that period: O Occidente and Illustração Portugueza. I rely on a methodology combining semiotics with discourse analysis in journalism. I show that both magazines built an industrial landscape of modernity and progress, which did not coincide with the real condition of Portuguese industry. I add to the discussion advocating photography as an historical source, arguing that it is much more than a mere illustrative support, but a reliable primary source, with a high potential for history in general, and for the fields of business and industrial history in particular, in the sense that photography can provide fresh narratives around technological change.

Evolution of agricultural machinery parts restoration industry in Russia

The paper shows the effectiveness of agricultural machinery parts restoration by reducing metal and fuel consumption as well as labor costs. (Research purpose) The paper analyzes the evolution of the machine part restoration system during the agricultural industrialization process in Russia, and explores the role of industrial science in developing methodologies for machine repairing and part restoration. (Materials and methods) Publications on the history of the parts restoration industry were thoroughly reviewed. Special attention was given to the decrees issued by Soviet government bodies, including the targeted comprehensive program of the State Committee of Science and Technology, the USSR State Planning Committee, and the State Committee for Agricultural Technology. These programs were aimed at establishing and expanding the production base for the repair and restoration of agricultural machinery parts. (Results and discussion) In the early stages of agricultural industrialization, equipment repairs primarily involved the use of new spare parts, while worn parts were typically discarded for remelting. A significant advancement in parts restoration was the introduction of repair sizes for crankshafts and cylinder liners. Since 1975, the cost of maintaining equipment has surged sharply due to the prices of new spare parts. The paper also presents an analysis of the efforts by the All-Union Scientific and Production Association «Remdetal» to develop flow-mechanized lines and equipment for restoring agricultural machinery parts. (Conclusions) The paper illustrates the significant growth in parts restoration volumes, rising from 68 million rubles in 1965 to 539 million rubles in 1988, as well as metal savings that increased from 136 thousand tons to 1,110 thousand tons over the same period. Additionally it highlights the role of the USSR Academy of Sciences, leading scientific institutes, and machine-building enterprises in executing the targeted program to increase the restoration volumes of agricultural machinery parts and components.

Assessing Industrial Past and Cultural Changes in Industrial Lands along the Hangzhou Section of the Grand Canal in China

The Grand Canal has been fundamental in supporting Chinese industrialization, as evidenced in the great changes witnessed across industrial lands, but few studies have approached this issue from a cultural perspective. After an extensive industrial recession in the early 21st century, canal cities like Hangzhou have seen changes in the cultural functions of industrial lands, relocating, transforming, and demolishing factories and other constructions to develop new cultural spaces and products. A deep analysis of these cultural changes is, therefore, quite helpful to appreciate the features of and reasons for Chinese national policy setting in the cultural sections of the Grand Canal, such as the UNESCO World Heritage-recognized purpose of the Grand Canal, etc. Therefore, by focusing on the Hangzhou section of the Canal, and via the integration of high-resolution Google Earth images with a 1.5 spatial resolution, we dynamically monitored the land use of the 10 specifically selected industrial lands and interpretated the various uses of the areas from 2000 to 2020. Then, with archival data from 1950 to 2024 and fieldwork conducted over 1 year, and in consultation with major experts, we designed a mark sheet with factors and scores to comprehensively assess cultural changes in those lands. Consequently, the history of industrialization along the Hangzhou section was thoroughly analyzed with these investigations and data, and the reasons for and influence of cultural changes were presented in detail; subsequently, the outstanding problems were addressed, and suggestions were offered. This study contributes to a better understanding of Chinese cultural policy regarding cities along the Canal after the industrial decline, especially the critical implication of cultural loss within these cities. In addition, it also provides novel perspectives for cultural research, heritage conservation, and urban planning of canals or waterfront spaces for world heritage.

Music, Dance and Performing Arts in the Spirit of the Iron Men of Petroleum

The spirit of Petroleum Ironman is a precious heritage of China s industrial history, embodying the spirit of perseverance, hard work and dedication. However, with the development of the times, the inheritance of this spirit faces challenges. This study aims to make more people understand and pass on the Petroleum Ironman Spirit through the form of music, dance and art performance.

Gula Tebu Saka: Industri Tebu Rakyat di Nagari Bukik Batabuah, Kecamatan Canduang, Kabupaten Agam (1975-2021)

This study discusses about the saka sugarcane, like history, sugarcane plantations, and the impact of history of sugar cane industry to people in Nagari Bukik Batabuah District. The research for this thesis employs historical research methods with a socio-economic perspective. The research encompasses four stages: heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. Sugarcane plantations have been an enduring tradition passed down through generations. The processing of sugarcane into sugar saka has become a daily routine for the people of Nagari Bukik Batabuah. Since 1975, traditional methods involving buffalo power for sugarcane grinding were still in use. However, in 2010, technological advancements led to increased production, impacting farmers' incomes and subsequently bringing about socio-economic changes within Nagari Bukik Batabuah.

Development of Mexican and Turkish Automotive Industries in Historical Perspective

Purpose: The purpose of our article is to examine the Mexican and Turkish automotive industries in a historical perspective, because a historical analysis will be able to show us why the automotive industries of the country we are considering are not among the world's leading automotive industries. Additionally, the course of historical data over time can also support the analysis. Therotical Reference: For the first time, David (1985) put forward that it is necessary to examine the process of innovation of new products based on new technologies in a historical perspective, and David (2000, 2001) stated that the ergodic steady increase in production in sectors and industries depends on the sector or industry being able to create a unique development path. He stated that it was. He stated that the reason why there is no consistent ergodic production increase in sectors or industries is that it has a path-dependent development structure. According to David, path dependence may have been caused by an event or market formation that occurred in the recent or distant past. Method: It has been revealed that a past event for the Turkish automotive industry caused the formation of a new socio-cultural structure, leading to a path-dependent development in more or less all sectors, but especially in the automotive sector. This path-dependent development structure seems to have caused an unstable production structure in the automotive industry. When we look at the efforts to produce domestic automobiles throughout history, it is understood that there is always a tendency to be hindered or to think that they are being prevented. Results and Conclusions: Although there has not been a historical process similar to that in Turkey in the Mexican automotive industry, the fact that stable and ergodic production increases have been experienced in the industry, especially in the recent period, indicates that the automotive industry, which started as the assembly industry of foreign companies, has entered the process of creating a new path or creating a path with recent developments. We can say. In this process, it can be said that Mexico is a border neighbor with the USA and the investments of the three major automotive industry companies of the USA, which is one of the largest producing countries in the automotive industry, in Mexico, played a major role. Implication of research: In reaching this conclusion, in our study, the automotive industry history of the countries we discussed were examined and the annual production figures in the automotive industry in the last decade were discussed. In examining whether there were developments in the past of the countries that could lead to path dependency, the breaking point where path dependency occurred in Turkey, in the Ottoman period, was clearly identified and it was revealed that the events that took place after this date strengthened the path dependency. Past historical events for Mexico were examined and events that could affect the development of the automotive industry were discussed. Originality of article: Thus, we can say that, on the one hand, we tried to contribute to the literature and developments on the path dependency approach, which says that history is decisive, and on the other hand, a different perspective was brought to the developments in the automotive industry.