History Of Exclusive Breastfeeding Research Articles

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH HISTORY OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING AT MAHDARINA PRATAMA CLINIC MEDAN SELAYANG DISTRICT OF MEDAN CITY

Breastfeeding is a special pride for a woman to her baby. According to data from the WHO in 2017 globally, less than 40% of infants fewer than 6 are exclusively breastfed and the rest have been given complementary foods. The impact that will occur for the mother is the risk of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, porous bones, maternal diabetes, stress, and anxiety. While the impact on infants is gastrointestinal infections, respiratory infections, risk of allergies, risk of decreased intelligence, risk of obesity, risk of vascular disease, risk of diabetes, risk of cancer in children, risk of chronic disease. This study aimed to analyze factors associated with history of exclusive breastfeeding at Mahdarina Pratama Clinic, Medan Selayang District, Medan City. This was analytical survey research with a cross sectional design. The population was mothers who had babies aged 7-12 months who came to the Clinic totaling 53 people and all of them were used as research samples. The data used primary data and tested by Chi Square test.The results of this study indicated that the majority of knowledge factors were knowledgeable enough was 41.5%, negative attitudes was 54.7%, the majority of mothers work 50.9%. The results of the Chi-Square test found knowledge p = 0.024 <0.05, attitude p = 0.035 <0.05 and work p = 0.002 <0.05.The conclusion shows that there is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes and work with a history of exclusive breastfeeding at Mahdarina Pratama Clinic, Medan Selayang District, Medan City. It is ecpevted to nursing mothers to pay more attention to information about exclusive breastfeeding through print and social media, especially working mothers. Keywords: knowledge; attitude; occupation; history of exclusive breastfeeding

Risk Factors for The Incidence of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) in Toddlers in The Working Area of Tarus Primary Health Center, Kupang District

AbstractIntroduction: ARI is an acute infection that attacks one or more parts of the respiratory tract, from the nose to the deep tissues of the lungs. The number of ARI in toddlers in the Tarus primary health center in 2020 was 1.352 people and in 2021 there was a decrease of 97 people recorded, in January 2022 to February 2023, the number of ARI in toddlers increased by 1.141 cases.Methods: This research used a case-control study design. The case group is toddlers who experience ARI events, while the control group is toddlers who do not experience ARI events. The total population of toddlers in the Tarus Primary Health Center for the period January 2022 to February 2023 was 5,370 toddlers with a case group population of 1,141 toddlers and a control group population of 4,229 toddlers. The sample obtained for the case group was 117 toddlers and for the control group was 117 toddlers with a total of 234 samples.Results: The results showed no significant relationship between age (p=1.000; OR=1.000), and gender (p=0.428; OR=0.738) with the incidence of ARI in toddlers. There was a significant relationship between immunization status (p=0.000; OR=25.143), exclusive breastfeeding history (p=0.000; OR=25.016), house occupancy density (p=0.000; OR=15.416), house ventilation (p=0.000; OR=9.079) and smoking habits of family members (p=0.000; OR=9.775) with the incidence of ARI in toddlers.Conclusion : The incidence of ARI in toddlers can occur due to several risk factors such as immunization status, exclusive breastfeeding history, house occupancy density, house ventilation, and smoking habits of family members

Linear growth determinants of under two years old children in Surabaya, Indonesia

BackgroundChildren under 2 years are in a crucial stage of child development, but they are also vulnerable to nutritional problems, one of which is linear growth faltering. Sociodemographic and health characteristics can influence the linear growth process. This study aimed to analyze the determinants of the linear growth of children under 2 years in four Community Health Centers in Surabaya, Indonesia. MethodA cross-sectional study of 160 parents with children under 2 years was done through consecutive sampling. Sociodemographic and health characteristics were assessed by questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and secondary data from Maternal and Child Health Book (MCH). The linear growth of the children was identified using length-for-age z-score (LAZ). The data were analyzed using correlation test, One-way ANOVA, independent t-test, and multiple linear regression to see the influential factors. ResultsThe average LAZ for children under 2 years in four Surabaya City Health Centers areas was normal (−0.76 ± 1.70). Maternal height (p:0.001) and birth length (p:0.001) were significantly related to linear growth. The determinants of linear growth were birth length, maternal height, and history of exclusive breastfeeding, with the most considerable beta value of 0.231 on maternal height. ConclusionA maternal height primarily determines children under 2 years of linear growth. Parents with growth hormone deficiency were at risk of inheriting this gene to their children. Community Health Centers as health services can be more active in education and nutritional counseling for teenagers and prospective brides.

Counseling on balanced nutrition 'isi piringku' to prevent stunting in toddlers aged 1-5 years

Toddlers are a vulnerable group affected by child nutrition issues, one of which is stunting. Stunting is a condition where a child experiences growth impairment, resulting in their height not matching their age due to chronic nutritional problems, specifically prolonged nutrient deficiency. Stunting is caused by two factors: the history of exclusive breastfeeding and maternal knowledge about nutrition. This community service activity aims to increase public knowledge about balanced nutrition guidelines through the "isi piringku" campaign. The activity is carried out using educational methods, utilizing posters and leaflets as aids for 55 participants. The results of the activity show an increase in knowledge after the "isi piringku" campaign, where before the campaign, the level of good knowledge was only 9.09% and increased to 81.82%.

Evaluation of the Adequacy Level of Nutritional Substances (Vitamins) with the Incident of Stunting in Children in the Working Area of the Surabaya City Health Center

Stunting is a condition where height growth disorders arise due to malnutrition, so that a child's height does not correspond to his age. The aim of this research is to evaluate the use of vitamins and minerals in stunting cases in several Surabaya Community Health Centers. The results of this research are descriptive with prospective data collection. The number of respondents obtained was 64 stunting child patients who met the inclusion criteria. Based on the results of child demographics according to age, the most stunting child patients were 32 patients aged 48 – 60 months (50%). Based on gender, the results were balanced between women and men. Based on a history of exclusive breastfeeding, the majority had a history of exclusive breastfeeding, 52 patients (81.25%). Based on birth weight, the highest number of patients with a normal weight (>2500) grams was 53 patients (82.82%). Based on disease history, the majority did not have a history of disease, 53 patients (82.82%). The vitamins and minerals used in stunting cases in several Surabaya Community Health Centers are Optima Zinc Syrup, Vitamin and Mineral Powder, Taburia, and Vitamin A Capsules, with the rules and duration of use according to those given. Based on the results of nutritional status assessments at several Surabaya Community Health Centers, it was found that the majority of children were underweight based on Z-Score BW/U, had short status based on Z-Score BH/U, and had good nutritional status based on Z-Score BW/BH. The results of the nutritional status assessment concluded that the majority of children were underweight based on Z-Score BW/U, had short status based on Z-Score BH/U, and had good nutritional status based on Z-Score BW/BH.

Socio-demographics, dietary diversity score, and nutritional status of children aged 2–5 years: A cross-sectional study of Indonesian coastal areas

BackgroundClimate change has negatively impacted both food security and food diversity, including malnutrition (stunting, wasting, and underweight), especially among children in coastal areas. The dietary diversity score (DDS) is a good indicator used to assess the quality of food for children. This study aimed to investigate the association between socio-demographic characteristics, DDS, and nutritional status in children aged 2–5 years in the coastal area of Demak, Indonesia. MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 households with children aged 2–5 years living in the coastal area of Demak from April to July 2022. The socio-demographic characteristics were determined by interviewing the mother or child caregiver, followed by anthropometric measurements of the children. The DSS was calculated based on the 24-h food recall method. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, and Chi-square were used for statistical analysis. ResultsThe mean age of the subjects was 3.11 ± 0.93 years (girl 46.9% and boy 53.1%). Maternal education was significantly associated with children's DDS (P = 0.016). There was a significant association between the history of acute respiratory infection (ARI) and nutritional status based on HAZ (P = 0.023), and there was also a significant association between exclusive breastfeeding history and family type with nutritional status based on WHZ (P < 0.05). ConclusionThe study indicated a significant association between socio-demographic factors (mother's education, ARI history, exclusive breastfeeding history, and family type) with DDS and children's nutritional status in Demak.

Postpartum external factors associated with the development of Todler wasting in Indonesia

Development results from a maturation process that includes gross motor, fine motor, cognitive, and language abilities. The percentage of children under five whose growth and development are monitored in Indonesia is 69.6% and has not yet reached the target of the Indonesian Ministry of Health's Strategic Plan 2021, namely 70%. This research aims to identify factors related to toddler development in Indonesia. This research was a narrative literature review. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google databases to identify articles published within eight years (2016-2023). The keywords used to search for this article are parenting, stimulation, income, exclusive breastfeeding, and development. This research involved an assessment of 17 articles from Indonesia regarding factors related to toddler development. Based on the study, factors related to toddler development are stimulation, parenting style, family income, and history of exclusive breastfeeding. Health workers are expected to be able to provide education on how to provide stimulation, implement good parenting patterns, and provide good nutrition for the development of toddlers.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR INTRINSIK YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN PNEUMONIA PADA BALITA DI PUSKESMAS I DENPASAR SELATAN

Background: One disease that is prone to attack toddlers is pneumonia. Pneumonia is the world’s leading killer of children under five compared to other diseases such as AIDS, malaria and measles combined. The purpose of this study was to identify the analysis of intrinsic factors associated with pneumonia in toddlers at Public Health Center I South Denpasar&#x0D; Method: This study employed a correlational research design with a population of 128 toddlers. Moreover, 67 respondents were recruited purposively as the sample. The data were collected through questionnaires and google forms.&#x0D; Results: Findings indicated no correlation between age (p=0,158), gender (p=0,895), nutritional status (p=0,122), history of low birth weight babies (p=0,321), and administration of vitamin A (p=0,770) with the occurrence of pneumonia in toddlers with a p value &gt; 0.05. Moreover, there was a correlation between immunization status (p=0,000), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p=0,000) and pneumonia occurrences in toddlers with a p-value &lt; 0.05.&#x0D; Conclusion: From this study, two intrinsic factors are associated with pneumonia in toddlers: immunization status and history of exclusive breastfeeding.&#x0D; Keywords: Toddler Pneumonia, characteristics

Association of Prenatal Maternal and Infant Vitamin D Supplementation with Offspring Asthma.

Rationale: The role and timing of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of asthma has not been fully elucidated. Objective: To describe the association between prenatal and postnatal vitamin D with offspring asthma outcomes in participants of the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial. Methods: We classified 748 mother-offspring pairs into four groups based on the mother's randomization to receive high-dose versus low-dose (4,400 IU vs. 400 IU) vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and the offspring parent-reported high-dose versus low-dose (⩾400 IU vs. <400 IU) vitamin D supplementation as estimated by intake of vitamin D drops or infant formula. We used logistic regression to test the association of the four vitamin D exposure groups-"mother-low/infant-low (reference)," "mother-high/infant-high," "mother-high/infant-low," and "mother-low/infant-high"-with offspring asthma and/or recurrent wheeze at age 3 years, active asthma at age 6 years, and atopic asthma at age 6 years. Results: The risk of asthma and/or recurrent wheeze at 3 years was lowest in the mother-high/infant-low group (adjusted odds ratio vs. mother-low/infant-low, 0.39; 95% confidence interval, 0.16-0.88, P = 0.03). When stratifying by history of exclusive breastfeeding until age 4 months, the protective effect in the mother-high/infant-low group was seen only among exclusively breastfed infants (odds ratio vs. mother-low/infant-low, 0.19; 95% confidence interval, 0.04-0.68; P = 0.02). We did not observe any significant associations with active or atopic asthma at age 6 years. Conclusions: We observe that high-dose prenatal and low-dose postnatal vitamin D supplementation may be associated with reduced offspring asthma or recurrent wheeze by age 3 years, but this association may be confounded by the protective effect of breastfeeding.

Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Balita di Kelurahan Alak Kecamatan Alak Kota Kupang

Stunting is a condition in which a person's height is less than normal based on age and gender. Height is a type of anthropometric examination and shows a person's nutritional status. The presence of stunting indicates a poor nutritional status Malnutrition in the long term (chronic). This study aims to determine the risk factors associated with stunting incidents in children under five years old in alak village, alak sub district, kupang city in 2023. The type of research used is quantitative research using observational analytic methods with a case control research design. The population used for this study was 520 toddlers in Alak Village, Alak District, Kupang City. A sample of 33 cases and 33 controls using simple random sampling technique. Data were taken directly at the research site using a questionnaire and then processed and analyzed using the chi-square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between income level (p=0.001), education level (p=0.004), history of infectious disease (p=0.001), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p=0.044), and birth spacing (p=0.077) with the incidence of stunting in children under five in Alak Village, Alak District, Kupang City. It is hoped that health workers can increase routine monitoring of additional feeding and provide education regarding stunting.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Kejadian Stunting di Kabupaten Nganjuk

Stunting is a condition that describes chronic malnutrition during a period of growth and development from the beginning of life. The incidence of stunting in Nganjuk Regency is 20% in 2022. The aim of this research is to find out the factors that influence the incidence of stunting in Nganjuk Regency. The type of research used is analytic observational with a cross sectional approach. The research sample was 275 respondents from 966 toddlers who were taken by simple random sampling technique. The data analysis used was univariate and bivariate analysis using the Chi Square test. The risk factors that were jointly proven to have a relationship with the incidence of stunting in Nganjuk Regency were work (p=0.001 and aPOR=2.89), family income (p=0.000 and aPOR=6.26), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p= 0.000 and aPOR=3.36), history of LBW (p=0.002 and aPOR=2.62), and feeding pattern (p=0.018 and aPOR=1.52). Meanwhile, the variables that were not related to the incidence of stunting were education (p=0.752 and aPOR=1.13). In conclusion, the variables associated with the incidence of stunting are employment, family income, history of exclusive breastfeeding and history of LBW. Based on the results of the research, suggestions that can be given are to increase routine monitoring of the implementation of PMT for pregnant women who have been given, as well as education when pregnant women visit the puskesmas.

The correlation between provision time of weaning food and history of exclusive breastfeeding with nutritional status in toddlers

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The toddler period is a golden age for the formation and development of children starting from the basic sensory abilities, thinking, speaking, and intensive intellectual mental growth and early moral growth. So that the nutritional status of children under five is very, very important to study because it is related to the current increasing stunting status. Cases of stunting under five currently have the highest number when compared to other forms of malnutrition. The prevalence of stunting in DIY in 2018 was 12.37% and this figure fell to 10.69% in 2019 but in 2020 it rose to 11.08%.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The highest prevalence of stunting is Gunung Kidul Regency (17.43) and the lowest is Sleman Regency (7.24). From this figure, it can be seen that the prevalence of very short toddlers in DIY is lower when compared to Riskesdas in 2018 (21.4%) &lt;/em&gt;(1)&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Objectives: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;To determine the relationship between the characteristics (education, occupation) of the mother, provision time of weaning food, exclusive breastfeeding, and the provision of deworming drugs with nutritional status in toddlers aged 6-60 months in 2 areas, namely in the work area of the Pajangan Health Center and the Work Area of the Public Health Center, Sedayu&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Analytic survey with cross-sectional design. Analysis of the data using the chi-square test with a sample of 35 mothers who have children under five.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The results showed that there was a correlation between the time of weaning food (p = 0.0001), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p = 0.0001), and the nutritional status of children under five. However, there was no correlation between education (p = 0.657), occupation (p = 0.579), deworming (p = 0.410)&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;There is a correlation between the time of weaning food, history of exclusive breastfeeding nutritional status in toddlers&lt;/em&gt;

Influence of Nutritional Intake and Exclusive Breastfeeding History on the Incidence of Stunting in Children Aged 12-24 Months in Deli Serdang Regency

This research chose children aged 12-24 months as the sample because they are in a critical period of physical and cognitive growth, vulnerable to stunting due to inadequate nutritional intake. Other research shows that inadequate nutritional intake at 6-24 months of age can affect brain development and a child's future intelligence. It is important to monitor the nutritional intake and nutritional status of children aged 12-24 months to reduce the risk of stunting and its negative impact on cognitive development. Additionally, at this age, exclusive breastfeeding plays a crucial role in child growth, and this research can help understand the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional intake, and stunting in children aged 12-24 months.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING HISTORY AND STUNTING INCIDENCE IN TODDLERS AGE 24-60 MONTHS

Currently the incidence of short toddlers or called stunting is one of the nutritional problems experienced by toddlers in the world. One of the causes of the stunting problem is the delay in Early Breastfeeding Initiation (IMD) and non-exclusive breastfeeding. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends breastfeeding for at least 6 months. Breast milk is a nutritional intake that fits the needs that help the growth and development of children. Children who do not get enough breast milk mean they have poor nutritional intake and can cause malnutrition, one of which can cause the risk of stunting. The method of this study is observational analytic with a retrospective approach. The number of samples in this study were 72 toddlers. The instrument used to obtain secondary data in this study was the MCH handbook, and the instrument used to obtain primary data in this study was research observation sheets. The data were analyzed using the Fisher Exact test. The results showed that out of 72 toddlers, 36 toddlers experienced stunting, 37 of them were not given exclusive breastfeeding and 35 of them were given exclusive breastfeeding. Bivariate analysis showed that there was a relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting (P Value 0,000). There is a relationship between a history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting in toddlers aged 24-60 months in the working area of the Telen Health Center.

Hubungan Asupan Zat Gizi Makro, Pemberian MP-ASI, dan Riwayat ASI Eksklusif dengan Kejadian Stunting pada Anak Usia 6-24 Bulan di Suku Tengger

Stunting is one of the nutritional major problems for toddlers globally. Based on the 2022 Indonesian Nutrition Status Survey (SSGI), the stunting rate in East Java Province is still relatively high, namely 19.2%. This study aims to analyze the relationship between intake of macronutrients, Complementary Feeding Practice and Exclusive Breastfeeding History with Childhood Stunting Aged 6-24 Months in the Tengger Ethnic. This research method uses a cross sectional research design with a sample size of 42 respondents selected by simple random sampling. Data collection was carried out through questionnaires and interviews, measuring body length, and 2x24 hour food recall. Data were analyzed using Fisher's Exact test. The results of this study indicate that as many as 23.8% of children experience stunting. Based on the test results it is known that there is no relationship between the level of energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates adequacy, as well as exclusive breastfeeding history, age first given complementary feeding practice, frequency of complementary feeding practice, number of complementary feeding practice, texture of complementary feeding practice (p&gt;0,05) with stunting. The conclusion of this study is that the majority of the intake of macronutrients energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates in children aged 6-24 months in the Tengger Tribe is mostly classified as deficient, the exclusive breastfeeding history is still low, and the complementary feeding practice related to the first age and the amount given is largely inappropriate.

Hubungan Riwayat Pemberian ASI Eksklusif terhadap Kejadian Stunting Balita 25-59 Bulan di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Dolok Masihul Kabupaten Serdang Bedagai

Stunting is an outcome of nutritional status that occurs when a child has a height or length of less than -2.0 standard deviation (SD) compared to the population average. The nutritional status of stunting is calculated by comparing the height or length according to the age of the toddler, according to the World Health Organization (WHO) z-score chart (WHO, 2018). One of the causes of stunting in toddlers is not being given exclusive breastfeeding during the first 0-6 months of age because breast milk is needed during the baby's growth period so that their nutritional needs are fulfilled. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between the history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the working area of the Dolok Masihul Health Center, Serdang Bedagai Regency. The type of research used is an observational research design with a cross-sectional study approach, where the dependent and independent variable data are observed and measured at the same time. There were 31 respondents who were parents and also stunted and non-stunted toddlers. The results of the study were obtained using chi-square tests between the variable history of exclusive breastfeeding on the incidence of stunting and the variable the first time a child was given food/drink other than breast milk on the incidence of stunting, the p value = 0.00 was then compared with the value a = 0.05 so that p value &lt;a (0.00 &lt;0.05) meaning that there is a relationship between history of exclusive breastfeeding and the incidence of stunting and there is a relationship the first time a child is given food/drink other than breast milk to the incidence of stunting in the working area of the Dolok Masihul Health Center, Serdang Bedagai Regency .

Minimum dietary diversity and the concurrence of stunting and overweight among infants and young children in Yogyakarta, Indonesia

PurposeThis study aims to examine the association between minimum dietary diversity (MDD) and the concurrence of stunting and overweight (CSO) among children aged 6–23 months.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study was conducted in Sedayu Subdistrict, Bantul District, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. The authors assessed the concurrence of stunting (height-for-age Z-score below −2 standard deviations SD) and overweight/obesity (Body mass index BMI-for-age Z-score above +2 SD) among a total of 189 children aged 6–23 months as the primary outcome. The authors defined MDD as consuming at least four out of seven food groups using a single 24-h recall. The authors also included other covariates, including sociodemographic characteristics, exclusive breastfeeding history and complementary feeding practices. To identify the factors associated with CSO, this study conducted multiple logistic regression across the study variables using STATA 16.1.FindingsIn the adjusted model, children who met the MDD criterion were associated with a reduced risk of CSO (adjusted odds ratios [OR]: 0.14; 95%confidence interval CI: 0.03–2.43). Compared to boys, girls were more likely to experience CSO (adjusted OR: 5.23; 95%CI: 1.02–26.9). Middle economic status was a protective factor for CSO (adjusted OR: 0.10; 95%CI: 0.01–0.98). This study did not find a significant relationship between CSO and the child’s age, low birth weight, exclusive breastfeeding, energy intake, protein intake, parental education and parental occupation.Practical implicationsThis study suggests future programs and policies that promote dietary diversity to reduce the risk of CSO.Originality/valueThis study reveals the association between MDD and the coexistence of stunting and overweight.

ANGKA KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA BALITA USIA 0-59 BULAN DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS KEDIRI 1 TABANAN-BALI

The health problem that is often experienced by most toddlers in the world today is stunting. This occurs due to the impact of chronic malnutrition on children, namely that they cannot grow optimally if it continues. This research aims to determine the incidence of stunting in the working area of the Kediri 1 Tabanan Community Health Center. This research method is descriptive cross sectional. This research involved 2,793 toddlers who were studied. Data collection was carried out at 50 posyandu in all villages within the working area of the Kediri 1 Tabanan Community Health Center. The results of this research, from 2,793 toddlers, there were 100 toddlers included in stunting. This is done by taking measurements based on the Z-score table by comparing the toddler's current age and height. The still high number of stunting cases is caused by several factors such as maternal knowledge, parenting patterns, economic factors, family support and a history of exclusive breastfeeding. All health workers should provide adequate information about the importance of nutrition to toddlers as early as possible. Information can be provided through counseling to teenagers, mothers during pregnancy, postpartum and breastfeeding when mothers visit ANC, attend classes for pregnant women, come to community health centers, and when mothers visit posyandu.

Analisis Kejadian Stunting Ditinjau Dari Status Imunisasi, Riwayat ASI Eksklusif Dan Berat Badan Lahir Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pante Raya

Background: The population of stunted children is 55% in Asia and 39% of the population of stunted children is in Africa. Riskesdas data (2018) shows that the prevalence of stunted toddlers in Indonesia is 30.8%. Based on the 2020 Aceh province health profile data, it is known that stunting under five in Aceh Province is 10.9%, where Bener Meriah Regency is the Third Regency with the highest stunting rate (18%). This study aims to analyze the incidence of stunting in toddlers in terms of basic immunization status, history of exclusive breastfeeding and birth weight. Method: This research is an observational analytical study using a retrospective case control study design conducted in the Pante Raya Community Health Center Work Area in April – June 2022. The sample size was 18 people, a ratio of 1:1 to 36 people using Consecutive sampling. Data analysis included Univariate and Bivariate with the chi square test, using a significance level of 5% (p value &lt;0.05). Results: Research shows that basic immunization is associated with stunting (p value 0.005&lt;0.05) OR 95% CI 0.100 (0.018-0.569); Exclusive breastfeeding is associated with stunting (p-value 0.006&lt;0.05) OR 0.127 (0.027-0.606); while birth weight was not related to stunting (p-value 0.371&gt;0.05) OR 0.438 (0.069-2.762). Conclusion: Providing basic immunization, exclusive breastfeeding is associated with stunting in the Pante Raya health center working area, therefore it is hoped that the relevant health workers will promote more education about exclusive breastfeeding and also basic immunization programs.

Analysis of Host and Socio-Economic Factors as Risk Factors for Stunting in Toddlers in the Working Area of the Kesesi II Health Center, Pekalongan Regency, Indonesia

Stunting or failure to thrive causes difficulties for toddlers in achieving optimal physical and cognitive development. Kesesi District is in first place and the Kesesi II Health Center as of February 2023 still has a high stunting rate, namely 165 cases. This study aimed to analyze host factors as risk factors for stunting in toddlers in the working area of the Kesesi II Health Center. This research is an analytical research with a quantitative approach and a case control research design. From the Chi-square test, the results of the maternal pregnancy history were obtained (p-value = 0.000, OR = 6.089, 95% CI = 2.146 - 17.276) history of infectious diseases in toddlers (p-value = 0.000, OR = 8.516, CI 2.953 - 24.561), history of exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.021, OR = 3.478, 95% CI = 1.172 - 10.323), history of LBW (p-value = 0.000, OR = 10.500, 95% CI 3.628 - 30.392), family economic status ( p-value = 0.287, OR = 2.188, 95% CI = 0.505 - 9.480). This study shows that the mother's history of pregnancy, history of infectious diseases, history of exclusive breastfeeding, and history of LBW are host factors that are at risk for the incidence of stunting in toddlers in the Kesesi II Health Center working area in 2023.