History Of Dentistry Research Articles

Book Reviews

Book Reviews WALTER HOFFMAN-AXTHELM. History of Dentistry. Trans. H. M. Koehler. Chicago, Berlin, Quintessence Publishing Co., Inc., 1981. 435 pp., illus. $100.00. PAUL ADDIS PAUL ADDIS doctoral student History Department, University of Maryland, College ParkMaryland 20742 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Volume XXXVII, Issue 4, October 1982, Pages 472–473, https://doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/XXXVII.4.472 Published: 01 October 1982

Book Review: History of Dentistry

Book Review: History of Dentistry

Dr. Curt Proskauer, 1887–1972, and His Dream for Dentistry

The conviction that dentistry's past must be collected and preserved drew Proskauer away from dental practice and to a dream of an international historical archive for the profession. With the establishment of small institutes in Breslau and then in Berlin, the dream was almost a reality, but world events intervened. Proskauer was forced to leave the institute and flee Germany. In the United States he persisted in his attempts to establish an archive. Although his dream remains unfulfilled, Proskauer stimulated others to take an interest in the history of dentistry.

C. Edmund Kells

The most prominent pioneer of dental radiology, Dr. Kells accounts for many important pages in the history of dentistry.

Observations on Dental Education and Dental Care in the Soviet Union

The report o f the 1961 United States Dental Ex­ change Mission to the Soviet Union1 provides an excellent review of the history of dentistry and dental practice in the Soviet Union. Also, the report o f the observations of the eight distin­ guished members o f the mission serves as an authoritative base for comparing the level of Soviet dental education and dental care in 1961 with the level that exists today. The report of one other delegation and the ob­ servations of dentists who have visited the Soviet Union since the US Exchange Mission provide additional information and views regarding den­ tistry in the Soviet Union.2-6 I visited the Soviet Union in October 1968, as a participant in the US-Soviet Health Ex­ change Program, sponsored by the Office of Inter­ national Health of the US Public Health Service. The primary purpose of the trip was to hold pre­ liminary discussions with officials in the Ministry of Health regarding the possibility of an ex­ change of postgraduate dental students and dental researchers. The opportunity to observe firsthand the undergraduate dental education program and the advanced dental education programs, as well as treatment in the polyclinics, provided addi­ tional incentive to spend ten days in the Soviet Union. History of dental education in USSR

Foley’s Footnotes

The subject of this “footnote” is certainly one of the most interesting practitioners and contributors in the history of dentistry. Glaringly overlooked by dental historians, Peter Hispanus came to my avid attention through a fortunate detection in the area of medical history. The fact that the only physician ever seated on the papal throne wrote a historically important chapter on dentistry should place him securely in dental history as the only pope who ever practiced dentistry. As a practicing physician of the thirteenth century, he naturally would have observed dental ills and attempts to treat them. The subject of this “footnote” is certainly one of the most interesting practitioners and contributors in the history of dentistry. Glaringly overlooked by dental historians, Peter Hispanus came to my avid attention through a fortunate detection in the area of medical history. The fact that the only physician ever seated on the papal throne wrote a historically important chapter on dentistry should place him securely in dental history as the only pope who ever practiced dentistry. As a practicing physician of the thirteenth century, he naturally would have observed dental ills and attempts to treat them.

Dişhekimliğinde ölçü Maddelerinin Tekamülü ve Yeni ölçü Maddeleri-IMRESSION MATERIALS AND THEIR DEVELOPMENTS USED IN DENTISTRY

SUMMARY In this article, the choice of impression materials according to the character of mouth tissue, the composition and the technique as well as their biological, physical and practical applications have been summarized. In the history of Dentistry, the chronological development starting from the first impression material used in the mouth has been evaluated and the newly developed impression materials have also been explained throughly. The vraious kinds of materials found in the market and manufactured by the different companies have been collected and a full presentation has been given for the students in order to give them a thorough understanding of compositions and applications of the impression materials in the practice of Dentistry.

International Conference on the History of Dentistry

International Conference on the History of Dentistry

Tribute to J. Menzies Campbell and the History of Dentistry

Tribute to J. Menzies Campbell and the History of Dentistry

Ultrasonics in dentistry

PPROXIMATELY ONE HUNDRED YEARS ago, it was learned that certain crystal A elements contracted in a magnetic field. Shortly thereafter a similar property was discovered in certain metals which, if rod-shaped, contracted in the direction of their long axes. This invaluable information lay dormant until the beginning of the twentieth century when high frequency application of the magnetic field provided energy in the form of vibrations. Ultimately, vibrations were produced above the hearing range of humans to the ultrasonic frequencies. The addition of a waterborne abrasive to the vibrating device made it possible to remove hard substances. Transistors, quartz crystals, and jewels are cut in industry by this means. It is of particular interest to note that the first industrial use of the magnetostrictive cutting device was to prepare cavities in synthetic sapphires for the reception of gold inserts. It is no wonder then that the possibility of the use of ultrasonic energy presented itself to dentistry. The first use of this cutting method was reported in the Annals of Dentistry by Dr. Matthew C. Catuna in 1953.’ He prepared cavities in extracted teeth and reported the potential use of the ultrasonic device for this purpose. One year later, Dr. Carl Oman and Dr. Edmund Applebaum” reported in the New York State Dental Journal that an ultrasonic device had been successfully employed to prepare cavities in teeth of patients. Their report suggested several advantages of the ultrasonic method. Since its inception, dentistry has adapted industrial uses of energy to its need. The electric engine and modern rotary instruments are prime examples. The ultrasonic device provides another form of energy for dentistry. Dentistry, ever alert to improve its service, accepted the challenge and responsibility to determine the safety, effectiveness, and extent of usefulness of ultrasonics. Investigators throughout the nation in dental schools, hospitals, and the Armed Services undertook one of the most extensive and comprehensive research programs in the history of dentistry. There is a logical procedure for such a program. First, the safety of the instrument must be established. Secondly, techniques of use should be developed and taught to the members of the profession. Since energy is used in many aspects of dental service, the widest desirable application of ultrasonics should be explored.

The History of Dentistry in Arkansas: A Story of Progress

The History of Dentistry in Arkansas: A Story of Progress

Ultrasonics In Dentistry

PPROXIMATELY ONE HUNDRED YEARS ago, it was learned that certain crystal A elements contracted in a magnetic field. Shortly thereafter a similar property was discovered in certain metals which, if rod-shaped, contracted in the direction of their long axes. This invaluable information lay dormant until the beginning of the twentieth century when high frequency application of the magnetic field provided energy in the form of vibrations. Ultimately, vibrations were produced above the hearing range of humans to the ultrasonic frequencies. The addition of a waterborne abrasive to the vibrating device made it possible to remove hard substances. Transistors, quartz crystals, and jewels are cut in industry by this means. It is of particular interest to note that the first industrial use of the magnetostrictive cutting device was to prepare cavities in synthetic sapphires for the reception of gold inserts. It is no wonder then that the possibility of the use of ultrasonic energy presented itself to dentistry. The first use of this cutting method was reported in the Annals of Dentistry by Dr. Matthew C. Catuna in 1953.’ He prepared cavities in extracted teeth and reported the potential use of the ultrasonic device for this purpose. One year later, Dr. Carl Oman and Dr. Edmund Applebaum” reported in the New York State Dental Journal that an ultrasonic device had been successfully employed to prepare cavities in teeth of patients. Their report suggested several advantages of the ultrasonic method. Since its inception, dentistry has adapted industrial uses of energy to its need. The electric engine and modern rotary instruments are prime examples. The ultrasonic device provides another form of energy for dentistry. Dentistry, ever alert to improve its service, accepted the challenge and responsibility to determine the safety, effectiveness, and extent of usefulness of ultrasonics. Investigators throughout the nation in dental schools, hospitals, and the Armed Services undertook one of the most extensive and comprehensive research programs in the history of dentistry. There is a logical procedure for such a program. First, the safety of the instrument must be established. Secondly, techniques of use should be developed and taught to the members of the profession. Since energy is used in many aspects of dental service, the widest desirable application of ultrasonics should be explored.

A general history of dentistry from the 18th century, with special reference to Irish practitioners.

A general history of dentistry from the 18th century, with special reference to Irish practitioners.

Exhibition : Medicine in History

AN exhibition entitled "Medicine in History" will be opened on November 26 at the Glasgow Art Gallery and Museum, and will continue until the end of January. The exhibition will mark the three hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, founded by King James VI on November 29, 1599, by a charter granted to Peter Lowe and Robert Hamiltone. Special emphasis has naturally been laid upon the work of medical men who were Fellows of the Faculty, among whom may be mentioned William Cullen, Joseph Black, William Hunter, Lord Lister, Sir William Macewen and David Livingstone. Through the courtesy of a Glasgow firm, a reconstruction of a modern operating theatre has., been arranged, for contrast with that of an operating theatre in the Glasgow Royal Infirmary in the late nineteenth century. The advances made in radiology in the same space of time are also illustrated. The history of dentistry is traced in examples lent by a Glasgow dentist, and a London collector has loaned pharmacy jars and apothecaries' mortars. The foundations of modern medicine can be seen in a series of historical medical books. The exhibition has been made possible through the generosity and co-operation of institutions and private persons in Glasgow, Edinburgh and London in placing their valuable, and often irreplaceable, records and specimens at the disposal of the Corporation of the City of Glasgow.

An Introduction to the History of Dentistry with Medical & Dental Chronology & Bibliographic Data. Vol. 1. Bernhard Wolf WeinbergerAn Introduction to the History of Dentistry in America. Washington's need for Medical and Dental Care. Houdon's Life Mask versus His Portraitures. Vol. 2. Bernhard Wolf Weinberger

<i>An Introduction to the History of Dentistry with Medical &amp; Dental Chronology &amp; Bibliographic Data. Vol. 1</i>. Bernhard Wolf Weinberger<i>An Introduction to the History of Dentistry in America. Washington's need for Medical and Dental Care. Houdon's Life Mask versus His Portraitures. Vol. 2</i>. Bernhard Wolf Weinberger

An Introduction to the History of Dentistry

An Introduction to the History of Dentistry

An Introduction to the History of Dentistry in America

An Introduction to the History of Dentistry in America

An Introduction to the History of Dentistry

An Introduction to the History of Dentistry

The history of dentistry in Missouri: Material compiled and published under the direction of the History Committee of the Missouri State Dental Association (Edward E. Haverstick, B. E. Lischer, T. E. Purcell, R. J. Rinehart, and W. B. Spotts). Fulton, Missouri, 1938, The Ovid Bell Press, Inc.

The history of dentistry in Missouri: Material compiled and published under the direction of the History Committee of the Missouri State Dental Association (Edward E. Haverstick, B. E. Lischer, T. E. Purcell, R. J. Rinehart, and W. B. Spotts). Fulton, Missouri, 1938, The Ovid Bell Press, Inc.

Intravenous anesthesia in oral surgery

T HE two discoveries which probably aided modern surgery the most are the germ theory of disease and the discovery of sulfuric ether as an anesthetic agent. I shall not dwell on the history of inhalation anesthetics, such as ether and nitrous oxide, since every student of the history of dentistry knows the names of Wells and Morton and the r61e dentistry has played in developing these anesthetic agents. I should, however, like to discuss for a few minutes the physiologic action of inhalation anesthetics. According to Cohen-Githens, they may be divided into two classes: (1) the volatile agents including chloroform, ether, ethyl chloride, et cetera, and (2) the gaseous ones such as nitrous oxide, ethylene, and cyclopropane. Those of the first group are inhaled in relatively small amounts in the atmospheric air and derive their narcotic effect from a. chemical action on the nerve cells. Those of the second group are inhaled in much greater concentration, 85 to 95 per cent mixed with but 5 to 15 per cent oxygen. In such concentration they greatly interfere with normal tissue oxidation and are thought to produce anesthesia by asphyxiation of the higher nerve centers. Nevertheless any of the agents in either group when properly administered to patients in whom there are no contraindications for their use, are very satisfactory anesthetics. Because of the frequent contraindications to their use and the expense and training necessary for their safe administration, a third type of anesthesia appeared ; namely, the local anesthetics. Keller’ in 1884 demonstrated the use of cocaine as a local anesthetic. Since then efforts have been made to improve its use along three main lines: (1) to increase the topical effect of the drug, (2) to seek substances safer and less toxic than cocaine, (3) to perfect the manner of its administration. You are all aware of the improvements made in local anesthesia, both in the drugs themselves and in the various techniques of their application. A fourth type of anesthesia has now become available which we will call intravenous anesthesia. This type of anesthesia has long been used in experimental work. It was used in Europe on human patients long before it was taken up in this country. Curiously enough it embraces in part the qualities of both the other types: in that it is a general anesthetic, one whi’ch produces complete narcosis, and in that it is administered in the same fashion as a local anesthetic, by injection, I shall limit my remarks to the use of evipal soluble (Winthrop), a trade name given this particular barbiturate by the manufacturer. There are other similar products on the market equally good. Intravenous evipal soluble is not new in the true sense of the word but is the result of the attempt of research workers to find a quick acting, safe, intravenous anesthetic which also would have a fast recovery. Evipal is a barbituric