Australian History Research Articles

Improving Student Reflective Thinking Skills by Using Flipbooks in Australian and Oceanian History Learning

Today's Learning Demands Technological Transformation, However, The Practice Of Reflective Thinking Has Become One Of The Learning Traditions And Hallmarks Of Jesuit Education. Learning History Australia & Oceania Has Learning Outcomes, One Of Which Is Opening Up Insights Into New Cultures And Civilization Patterns Of Australian And Island Communities Around The Pacific. Not Only Exploring The Context But Also Being Able To Explore The Paradigm Of Reflective Thinking Of Students As An Analysis Of Solving The Nation's Problems. Students Need To Train Themselves In Reflective Thinking Because It Is Important To Analyse The Context Of Australia's Developmental Events, And Then How To Solve The Problems Of A Dynamic Societal Structure Fighting For Humanity And Well-Being. With Reflective Thinking Exercises In This Course, Students Will Be Accustomed To Analyzing And Synthesizing The Offers Of Solving The Problems Of Nations To Face The Challenges Of Life In This Century. One Of The Learning Tools Used To Explore Students' Reflective Thinking Skills In Australian And Oceania History Lectures Is The Use Of Flipbooks. This Study Aims To Decipher: 1) The Dynamics Of Flipbook-Based Student Reflective Thinking In Australian And Oceania History Learning; 2) The Limitations And Advantages Of Implementing Flipbook-Based Student Reflective Thinking Dynamics In Australian And Oceania History Learning; 3) Evaluation Of Flipbook-Based Student Reflective Thinking Dynamics In Australian And Oceania History Learning. The Method Used Is Qualitative Research With A Case Study Approach. Data Collection Through Observation, Depth Interviews And Literature Studies. Meanwhile, The Benefit Of This Research Is To Explore The Dynamics Of Reflective Thinking Of Students In The Australian History & Oceania Course Based On Flipbook Facilities.

Avant-Garde Austalgia

The Australian avant-garde raises all the contradictions of avant-garde studies in the present time. Antipodal vanguards in the 20th and 21st centuries would grapple with various aspects of Australian national history, being in various ways and times between East and West, the aligned and non-aligned, the political and geopolitical in poetics. The word “Australia,” from the Latin auster, contains meanings for “East.” Most importantly, the Antipodal vanguard exposes the contradictions of Australia’s imperial-colonial past and the struggle to overcome it. In this essay, I begin with the example of a “Dada” poem that comes from an Aboriginal rain dance, as well as the emergence of Dada poetics from the 1950s to the 1970s. Throughout I keep complexities of history and time at the forefront: what is the worth of a “marginal” national literary history of the avant-garde? What does the avant-garde mean outside Europe or the Euro-US? What can Australian Dadaism tell us about the future of avant-garde studies? Does the avant-garde always lead to nostalgia, or “Austalgia,” a hearkening after the past, as much as a striving toward the future?

Ritual und Ritus in österreichischen Einbandfragmenten – ein Forschungseinblick in das Projekt ‚Hebräische Fragmente in österreichischen Bibliotheken‘

On several occasions, scholars have pointed out that parts of halakhic literature have survived only in a rather scattered way and that, consequently, the history of Jewish life and culture must be reconstructed from dispersed literary remnants. The Jewish elite across Europe, from the Ashkenazi Middle Ages and, with some interruptions in the early modern period, into the last generation before the Second World War, were constantly producing, consulting, collecting, and preserving Jewish literature of many kinds. The Hebräische Fragmente in Österreich data project (https://hebraica.at/Startseite/) was founded in 1991, and since 2008 has been directed by PD Dr. Martha Keil, senior scientist at the Institute of Austrian Historical Research at the University of Vienna and director of the Institute for Jewish History in Austria, St. Pölten. This project has provided online access to all the Austrian Hebrew fragments that have been preserved in book bindings. In this essay, I would like to report some of the achievements of this project and outline its future objectives and prospects.

Ground into Place

As a Trawlwoolway artist from Trouwunna, also known as Tasmania, I seek to challenge Western constructs of Australian colonial histories. I work to liberate Palawa cultural objects from their hidden status, often combining them with Western manufactured materials. I make art in response to legacies of colonial oppression and towards a full acknowledgement of Palawa presence. Tasmanian bull kelp and industrially produced steel wool are signature materials in my practice. Bull kelp becomes an expression of Palawa presence, while steel wool denotes erasures and the attempted colonialist “scrubbing out” of Palawa identity. Both materials transform over time, referencing how, as Palawa people, we are adaptable and able to incorporate change as a part of our strong cultural continuum. When installing my works in galleries and museum spaces, these sites often become my secondary studio. I use my signature materials in these spaces to literally and metaphorically disrupt colonial and institutional architecture. Such disruptions leave room for personal narratives to be formed. Some installation strategies that I employ include denying viewers access to my work and creating voids and dark spaces. These actions are utilised in the hope that they might ultimately inspire social and political change.

Publics of interest and the death of the critic on Australian TV

This article charts a turning point in recent Australian broadcast television history, where enduring institutions of media criticism in popular formats rapidly disappeared from screens. We firstly situate media criticism and the roles of the ‘television critic’ within theoretical paradigms of Bourdieusian taste-making and publics of interest, before undertaking a close analysis of three case studies circa 2015. Examining Good Game, The Book Club and Movie Juice demonstrates variations in critical and presentational aims and tones, influenced by such factors as media types and associated cultures (games, literature and film, respectively), network/broadcaster interests, scope of media operations and engagement with online publics. Our assessments of these formats are then placed in their historical context of media production and consumption, whereby we retrospectively find that the retirement of the popular film criticism show At the Movies marked the beginning of the Australian television critic's extinction event.

Österreichische Zeitgeschichte—Zeitgeschichte in Österreich: Eine Standortbestimmung in Zeiten des Umbruchs ed. by Marcus Gräser and Dirk Rupnow

Reviewed by: Österreichische Zeitgeschichte—Zeitgeschichte in Österreich: Eine Standortbestimmung in Zeiten des Umbruchs ed. by Marcus Gräser and Dirk Rupnow Tim Corbett Marcus Gräser and Dirk Rupnow, eds., Österreichische Zeitgeschichte—Zeitgeschichte in Österreich: Eine Standortbestimmung in Zeiten des Umbruchs. Vienna: Böhlau, 2021. 872 pp. It is difficult in such a brief review to do justice to an almost nine-hundred-page volume showcasing the work of forty-six individual scholars. Yet the very size of the volume and the breadth of topics addressed therein already speaks to the vibrancy of the field of Austrian contemporary history, which here seems to be consensually defined as reaching from 1918 and the dissolution of the Habsburg Monarchy into the present day. As illustrated in an amusing quote by the pioneering historian Erika Weinzierl, this means that the field in its most contemporary forms comes up "hart an der Grenze zum Journalismus" (cited in Marcus Gräser's contribution, 53). The volume is divided into three thematic categories. "Epochen und Zäsuren" covers historical eras from the First Republic through to Austria in its European Union years. "Felder und Themen" addresses issues within contemporary history as varied as gender, postcolonialism, and sports. And lastly, "Verhältnisse" explores the entanglement of the field with other areas of inquiry such as the economy, environment, politics, culture, and law, as well as with non-university institutions like archives and museums. Readers in search of a comprehensive history of Austria from World War I to the present will be disappointed, for this is not a work of history per se but rather an overview of actors, approaches, and points of discussion underlying the development of the field since its inception in the 1950s and 1960s and the appertaining bodies of historiography. As such, this volume will be most [End Page 95] useful as a reference work for scholars and students working in contemporary Austrian history and related fields and could be viewed as something of a primer on related discourses. Indeed, the self-reflexivity of the volume is one of its most laudable features—given that history as a discipline in this respect can be notoriously stuffy in comparison to other fields in the humanities, as evinced for example in the almost neurotic avoidance of the first-person pronoun in historiographic writing (as though this obviated the subjectivity of the historian as an individual researcher and author). The contributors to this volume are for the most part refreshingly self-aware of their place within a sociopolitical continuum conditioned not only by their own ideological leanings but also personal networks, funding landscapes, and institutional entanglements. Perhaps the most interesting finding in this respect is the relative absence of controversy in this field over the decades, a curiosity explained by various authors through the close personal relationships underlying this comparatively small discipline on the one hand and the postwar schism between left-and right-wing narratives (commonly called Koalitionsgeschichtsschreibung) on the other (see especially the introduction, 15–16, and the somewhat anecdotal reflections of the historian emeritus Helmut Konrad, 30–31, to whose life work this volume is essentially dedicated). Another conspicuous facet of this monumental work is its near-exclusive focus on the inner-Austrian, German-language dimension of the field. The authors appear to have been selected exclusively from inner-Austrian contexts and the historiographies addressed focus predominantly on inner-Austrian research—a reference in the introduction (12) to the large number of German nationals in the field (including the two editors) notwithstanding. This appears strange considering the significant number of individuals and institutions outside Austria, especially in the English-speaking world, specializing in modern Austrian history, culture, and society, including a number of leading publications such as this very journal (despite its traditional focus on literary scholarship, JAS does regularly touch on key issues in contemporary Austrian history, too). This struck me especially with regard to my own area of specialization, namely modern Jewish history in Austria. Following decades of silence and erasure in the aftermath of the Holocaust, scholarly interest in Jewish Austrian history was reignited in the 1980s by a range of English-language scholars such as Marsha Rozenblit, George Berkley, Robert...

In Memoriam—Gerhard Roth (June 24, 1942–February 8, 2022)

In Memoriam—Gerhard Roth (June 24, 1942–February 8, 2022) Anita McChesney, Co-Editor On February 8, 2022, Austria lost one of its most significant cultural voices with the death of Gerhard Roth. The preeminent contemporary Austrian author earned widespread acclaim with his masterful use of unique perspectives to unflinchingly investigate the forgotten, silenced, and overlooked realms of history, of society, and of human consciousness. Austria was often at the center of those revelations, which earned Roth a reputation as a "Nestbeschmutzer." Gerhard Roth was born in Graz, Austria, on June 24, 1942. He enrolled in medical school at the University of Graz but broke off his studies in 1967 to work at the Graz computer center, where he later became manager. These experiences trained his eye for observing details and honed his skill in identifying minutiae in nature as well as in the human psyche. Roth entered the literary scene in the 1970s as an active member of the Forum Stadtpark literary circle in Graz and he published his first novel, the autobiography of albert einstein, in 1972. He subsequently became a contributor to the circle's magazine manuskripte and was a leading member of the Graz Autorenversammlung. After 1977 he devoted his time exclusively to his craft and, after 1986, spent his time writing in alternating residences in Vienna and Southern Styria. The "Augenmensch," as Roth would come to be known, was a prolific writer, amassing over forty publications that include novels, short stories, essays, plays, radio dramas, screenplays, and photo features. Roth secured literary acclaim with his seven-volume cycle Archive des Schweigens (1980–1991). This magnum opus combines photographs and a variety of narrative perspectives and styles to unearth silenced stories in twentieth-century Austrian history, particularly those relating to the country's monarchical and National-Socialist past. The subsequent eight-volume cycle Orkus (1995–2011) complements the previous series in its exploration into hidden realms of human experience. For Roth, the two series, which together encompass [End Page 55] over 5,500 pages and to which he devoted over thirty-one years of his life, are intertwined. Indeed, he describes the two series as a double helix: elements, themes, and characters recur throughout the works, and both cycles are devoted to exploring the origins of National Socialism in Austria as well as literary possibilities and forms. Gerhard Roth's work was recognized by numerous awards, including the Literaturpreis des Landes Steiermark, the Alfred-Döblin Prize, the Peter Rosegger-Prize, the Preis des Österreichischen Buchhandels, the Bruno Kreisky Prize, the Großes Goldenes Ehrenzeichen from the city of Vienna, the Jean Paul Preis, and, in 2016, the Großer Österreichischer Staatspreis. Austria's federal president Alexander Van der Bellen acknowledged the author's importance to Austria: "Klar und konsequent setzte er sich mit österreichischer Geschichte, mit den hellen, oft auch dunklen Seiten unseres Landes auseinander." For Roth writing was very personal, indeed central to existence. In an interview I conducted with him in 2010 for a literary event at the Austrian Cultural Forum in New York, he explained, "Ich schreibe über das, was mich bewegt, was mich betrifft. Ich bin süchtig nach dem Schreiben. Mein Schreiben ist sehr persönlich." I had the pleasure of hearing some of these personal stories when I visited him at his country home in southern Styria in June 2011. Over the course of two days, Roth selflessly gave of his time, relaying stories of his upbringing, his experiences in the aftermath of World War II, and the significance of writing and photography in his quest to reveal the hidden strengths and foibles of humanity. Gerhard Roth was prolific like few others, and he dedicated himself unremittingly to unearthing the silenced realms of Austrian history and society and of human consciousness. When he passed away on February 8, Roth had already completed several hundred pages of a text fittingly entitled Die Jenseitsreise. [End Page 56] Copyright © 2023 Austrian Studies Association

Universitatea din Cernăuți: de la modelul cultural german la cel românesc, de sorginte franceză

In the mid-nineteenth century, the desire to establish a form of higher education in Bukovina, the most eastern province of the Habsburg Monarchy, meant to contribute to increasing the degree of culture of the local elite, was one of the concerns of the society of the time and it was expressed as early as 1848. As a result, residents from different social categories have also repeatedly addressed requests to the local political authorities, especially the Provincial Parliament, to ask the central regime for approval of the establishment of a higher education institution in the provincial capital, Chernivtsi. After being approved by the Chamber of Deputies and the Imperial Senate, on March 13 and March 20, respectively, the draft law on the establishment of the University of Chernivtsi received, on March 31, 1875, the imperial sanction.Until 1918, the "Francisco-Josephine" University of Chernivtsi, which was created after the model of the higher education institutions in Austria, had in its composition three faculties, namely: the Faculty of Law and Political Science, the Faculty of Philosophy and Letters and the Faculty of Orthodox Theology, lacking the Faculty of Medicine. The collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy at the end of The First World War, which had as a consequence the union of Bukovina with the Kingdom of Romania, on November 28, 1918, will directly influence the becoming of the university within the frameworks of the Romanian state. In the summer of 1919, the publication of the decree of the Romanian government followed, by which, the non-Romanian professors from the University of Chernivtsi, were asked to give a statement that they were committed to learning the Romanian language in two years, so that they could then teach in this language. This was the mandatory condition for keeping them in office, in addition to taking the oath of allegiance to the Romanian state and the king. Considering that the required deadline was too short for learning the Romanian language at a level that would allow them to hold academic lectures and publish scientific papers, most of the foreign professors from the University of Chernivtsi decided to give up their teaching activity here and at the beginning of September 1919 they were repatriated to Austria. The new Romanian university was inaugurated on October 24, 1920, in the synodal hall of the metropolitan residence in Cernăuţi. In the new Romanian organization of the university, the German language and Germanistics declined, given that the German language changed its status, from the situation of a state language to the state of language of a minority. The reorganization of the University of Chernivtsi in its Romanian form meant, in addition to the establishment of numerous new departments, such as psychology, sociology, art history, algebra, astronomy or mechanics, which, due to the lack of competent frameworks, have long remained unoccupied and the abolition of some of the old ones, such as that of Austrian history, Ukrainian language, German or Austrian law. The University of Chernivtsi ceased its activity as a Romanian university, of French cultural origin, with the entry of Soviet troops in Chernivtsi, on July 28, 1940, following the ultimatum given by the Kremlin to the Romanian government, which led to the annexation of the territory of Northern Bukovina by the Soviet Union.

Lesbian separatism and identity development: making space for themselves

ABSTRACT This study documents the stories of lesbians separatism during the 1970s-80s in Western Australia, exploring aspects of identity, community, safe space, culture, and connection. Although there is increasing literature on the subject in Australia, the phenomenon of lesbian separatism has received little attention, particularly the Western Australian context. Therefore, sharing these marginalized women’s stories addresses this gap in the literature, provides a sense of identity in the past, and acknowledges the contributions lesbians had on society and culture. The research involved a narrative study of six informants who self-identify as lesbian, collected in multiple interviews. The purpose was to understand informant’s subjective experiences, perspectives and meaning about identity, separatist community, and lesbian culture. This study explores a unique aspect of Australian history and demonstrates the significant contributions lesbian separatists made to LGBT acceptance and women’s history and culture.

The Role of Women-Journalists and Writers in the Development of Democracy and Culture in Australia (the end of the XIXth century – 70s of the XXth century)

The emancipation of Australian women in particular journalists and writers, who dedicated their lives to the development of culture of the fifth continent has been detected in this article. The goal of the article is to analyse the arrival of women – journalists, editors, publishers - in the print media and to determine their role in the formation and development of democracy and culture of the young state.
 As a result of the interdisciplinary research (combination of history, sociology, philology, culturology) new data on the role of women were obtained in the formation of democracy in Australia. This gives reason to affirm that this is the first study of this problem in Ukraine.
 New names of such outstanding Australian men – journalists, editors, publishers, writers as E.S. Hall, S. Bennet, H. Parks, G. Mott, C. Feilberg, W. Winn and women – L. Lawson, F. Baverstock, N. Palmer were introduced into scientific circulation. Significantly expanded and supplemented historical and cultural information about such outstanding women writers and journalists as M. Gilmore, E.F. Richardson, M. Franklin, K.S. Prichard, C. Stead, C. McCullough. Their life is investigated in the context of socio-historical development of Australia and world events that were reflected in their work. Great is their contribution to the antifascist struggle, to the defence of freedom and democratic values in Australia.
 The artistic value of the work of each of them is determined. The humanistic and realistic approach in creating their characters is clarified. It reflects the historical and socio-cultural development of Australia since the mid-XIX century to the 70-s of the XX century. It is proved that the history of periodicals and the development of literature on the fifth continent is the story of extraordinary talented women, in whose destinies the history of the development of the fourth power and the literature of Australia is reflected. The stages of The Bulletin magazine’s existence, the reasons for its closure and its influence on formation of Australian national literature are analysed.
 The practical value of the work lies in the fact that it brings new data to academic courses such as “The History of Australia”, “The Print Media of Australia”, “The Literature of Australia”.
 It is proved than women writers and journalists of Australia enriched Australian literature with bright original works and also made a significant contribution to its culture and democracy.

Sickness and Slavery: Reflecting upon Aboriginal Domestic Workers and Disease in Australian History

Sickness and Slavery: Reflecting upon Aboriginal Domestic Workers and Disease in Australian History

Postcolonial churn and the impact of the criminal justice system on Aboriginal people in Western Australia, 1829–2020

This article analyses how the criminalisation and imprisonment of Aboriginal people operated as tools of colonisation in Western Australia (WA) in the nineteenth century, and how this shaped the postcolonial criminal justice system. The racialised double standard embedded in the colonial foundations of state institutions, including the criminal justice system, rippled across generations of Aboriginal people: a reiterative and disruptive process that we dub the ‘postcolonial churn’. This term, adapted from the ‘carceral churn’, describes the destabilising mobilisations embedded in carceral and settler-colonial logics over the long term. It uses data from archival prison registers (Rottnest Island 1838–1931 and Roebourne Prison 1908–1961), as well as historic court, police and newspaper data to map the use of the criminal code in protecting and expanding colonial property rights in the original waves of settler-colonisation. WA is an outlier among the Australian colonies: it was the largest in terms of size (2,642,753 km2), the last colony to receive European convicts (1850–1868), and the last to be awarded self-government (1890). This created a situation where the British government dictated policy for legal forms of subjugation of Aboriginal people at the frontier (first for resisting pastoral industry, later as workers in it) which butted up against localised extra-legal violence by police and settlers. We can trace this dichotomy between policy and practice in the development of surveillance and policing of Aboriginal populations across time and settler-colonial space due to the protracted pace of frontier ‘development’. Revealing the mediated historical aspects of structural racism is crucial to analysing the persistence of racialised policing in postcolonial settings and understanding why, despite repeated inquiries into mistreatment of Aboriginal people, institutional inertia remains.

Primitive, Exotic, and Australian

This article analyzes the main themes in the critical reception of John Antill’s orchestral ballet Corroboree (1944), a musical representation of Indigenous culture by a non-Indigenous composer widely regarded as the most prominent piece of Australian classical music composed before the 1960s. In the historiography of Australian music that developed in the 1960s and 1970s, Antill’s work occupied a foundational position as the moment when Australian composition purportedly caught up with developments in international musical modernism. The reception history demonstrates, however, that Corroboree was rarely described in reviews as “modern,” “contemporary,” or “new,” especially in the two decades after its 1946 premiere. I argue that Corroboree’s positioning as Australia’s attainment of musical modernity was a retrospective interpretation by modernist writers associated with the compositional “new wave” of the 1960s and reflected their rethinking of Australian music history as a modernist teleology. In both international and Australian reviews, responses most frequently reference tropes and concepts associated with primitivism and exoticism. Primitivist language occurs throughout the whole course of the work’s reception, whereas exoticizing terms such as “weird” and “bizarre” are more frequent in the early years, before its modernist reinterpretation. Importantly, this early reception corresponds with recent analyses of Antill’s compositional aims and Nicholas Thomas’s notion of settler primitivism. Thomas described a type of primitivism broadly distinct from modernist primitivism’s aesthetics of formal innovation, cultural renewal, and emulation of the “primitive.” Settler primitivism is instead a type of representation and identity-work in settler societies based on the nationalist desire of settler artists to create a sense of belonging through identification with local Indigenous cultures. In the case of Corroboree, as understandings of the work in exoticist terms waned, the reception shifted and its primitivism tended to be framed in relation to modernism’s concern with stylistic innovation and formalism.

Kangaroo Redux: Reading the Conflicts of South Australian Settler Colonialism in W.A. Cawthorne’s *Kuperree*

This essay examines the evolving discourses of settler indigenisation and Indigenous extinction in South Australia through the two markedly different editions of William Anderson Cawthorne’s poem Kuperree, a major work of nineteenth-century Australian ethnographic verse published in 1858 and 1885. With reference to archival material on the life of William Cawthorne, this essay first offers a corrective account of the publication history of Kuperree, which has been a point of confusion for scholars of nineteenth-century Australian literary history.

A glass ceiling smashed? Reflecting on gender equity in the discipline of history

Women hold between 40 and 50 per cent of all academic appointments in the discipline of history in Australia. Even among the social science disciplines, which are seen as more welcoming to women than STEM disciplines, this fact makes history a ‘success’ in terms of gender equity. Measures of success, however, go beyond the presence of women. In taking a deeper dive into data I found a more complicated picture of ‘success’, where women’s increased participation in the discipline is concurrent with men’s continued dominance in ‘hard’ disciplinary fields such as political history, a decline in the overall numbers of historians, and increased questioning of the authority of the discipline.

Truth-telling about a settler-colonial legacy: decolonizing possibilities?

ABSTRACT In 2017, the Uluru Statement calling for Voice, Treaty and Truth was released by Australia’s Referendum Council. The Uluru Statement calls for a Makarrata Commission to oversee a process of ‘agreement-making’ and ‘truth-telling’. I argue that it was in the regional dialogues held by the Referendum Council prior to the release of the Uluru Statement that this demand for truth-telling was substantively articulated by dialogue participants. This article explores this grassroots invocation of truth-telling within the context of the desire for political transformation, most recently expressed in the Uluru Statement. I argue that truth-telling is conceptualized by regional dialogue participants as an opportunity for First Nations and non-Indigenous Australians to participate as equals in a process of place-based dialogic engagement about the ‘truths’ of colonial history that may or may not lead to local reconciliation. This type of ‘agonistic’ political encounter, therefore, does not assume an outcome of national or even local reconciliation. I contend that these types of encounters may have the potential to create local decolonizing spaces in which more equal terms of association are negotiated. However, they could also be appropriated to pursue ideological forms of consensus that undermine this possibility, as occurred in previous periods of Australian history.

A History of Capital Punishment in the Australian Colonies, 1788 to 1900 by Steven Anderson (review)

A History of Capital Punishment in the Australian Colonies, 1788 to 1900 by Steven Anderson (review)

A History of Capital Punishment in the Australian Colonies, 1788 to 1900 by Steven Anderson (review)

A History of Capital Punishment in the Australian Colonies, 1788 to 1900 by Steven Anderson (review)

Karl Lueger and the Reichspost: Construction of a Cult of Personality

This article contributes to the body of research on fin‐de‐siècle Viennese and Austrian history, as well as the history of ideas and press history. It expands on the scholarship by focusing on one newspaper — the Catholic‐conservative Reichspost (affiliated with the Christian Social Party) — to analyse how it perpetuated the cult of personality surrounding the mayor of Vienna, Karl Lueger (1844‐1910). The Reichspost unwaveringly depicted Lueger as a benevolent patriarch to Christian women and children, a practice which commenced before Lueger's ascension to the mayorship and continued until decades after his death. The newspaper merged aspects of a secular and religious faith around the mayor, creating a genuinely messianic figure. Despite the extensive literature on the culture and politics of fin‐de‐siècle Vienna and the interest it continues to generate, Lueger's cult of personality — well established in the literature — and its manifestation in Christian Social print media have thus far been entirely neglected. Wide‐ranging surveys of the Viennese press (such as those conducted by the Institute for Comparative Media and Communication Studies in Vienna) give practical biographical details of fin‐de‐siècle Austrian print media such as the Reichspost. Still, they offer little in the way of a deeper cultural analysis. Through analysing the Reichspost's positioning of Karl Lueger with ‘the people’, this article hopes to address this gap in the scholarship.

The Pedagogy of Bafflement: Bernard Bailyn's History 2910, Fall 1996

The Pedagogy of Bafflement: Bernard Bailyn's History 2910, Fall 1996