History Characteristics Research Articles

(Late)nt? Exploring the latent potential for participatory heritage conservation in makhanda, South Africa

There is an increasing call for heritage management to decentralise and involve stakeholders outside of the sphere of governance. This research focuses on participatory conservation of heritage resources and the value of narrative in heritage conservation and tourism development. The case study is situated in the city of Makhanda, which was established in 1812 and possesses a significant number of individual built environment heritage resources and historic streetscapes. These urban features have been identified as assets to the city by various stakeholders and institutions, but they remain under threat. Utilising semi-structured interviews with owners of historic residential properties in the city, the paper argues that homeowners are an underutilised resource in the management of the historic urban fabric. The study found that homeowners held an appreciation for and identified the value of the historic features of their properties, and it argues that this appreciation can be harnessed in heritage management. Interviews revealed, however, that homeowners faced many challenges in managing and maintaining their historic properties and received little support in this regard. Citizen participation in heritage conservation was limited and a top-down approach to heritage resource management predominated.

PUBLIC SPACES: DIFFERENT SCALES AND EMPHASES IN YURI SEROGIN'S PROJECTS

In today's world, public projects are becoming not only an important component of the architectural landscape, but also a key factor in shaping living spaces and communities. They play a significant role in promoting social interaction, cultural exchange, and stimulate the development of social ties. Thoughtful design of public spaces involves not only ensuring functionality and aesthetic appeal, but also an in-depth analysis of the needs of local communities, taking into account historical and cultural features and unique requirements. Ukraine, as a country with a rich cultural heritage and diverse communities, has great potential for the development of public projects. Their existence is reflected in a variety of forms: from city squares and parks to culture and sports centers. The grateful synergy between architects, local authorities, and the public contributes to the creation of innovative and socially significant projects that contribute to the rapprochement and development of communities. This article explores the public projects of the architect Yuri Seryogin, which reflect his contribution to the development of the architectural scene and public space. Using the analysis and evaluation of projects, the article offers coverage of key aspects of the architect's work, his approaches to solving architectural problems, and his impact on society.

MECHANISMS OF FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR ENTERPRISES OPERATING IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN UZBEKISTAN

The regions of our country differ from each other according to their geographical location, potential of natural resources and historical characteristics

Features of designing a Component Element of the National women's Azerbaijani Costume - Kelagai Scarfs

Presents studies of the parameters of the structure and design of Azerbaijani national scarves kelagai. A historical analysis of the development of kelagai production has been carried out, which reflects the ethnographic, historical, artistic and technological features of folk art. Proposals have been developed for the use of kelagai in the design of modern fashionable women's clothing. The features of making kelagai scarves have been studied and the factors influencing their structure and structure, as well as their role in the formation of national characteristics of modern fashion, have been identified. The structure and structure of kelagai scarves was studied based on the texture of the fabric structure. The conducted research makes it possible to use the national traditions of making kelagai scarves in the design of modern clothing, as one of the iconic and symbolic elements of folk culture and an important component of the artistic and compositional patterns of shaping promising models of modern women's clothing, as well as for the dynamic development of material and spiritual culture.

Optimal Gasoline Price Predictions: Leveraging the ANFIS Regression Model

This study presents an in-depth analysis of gasoline price forecasting using the adaptive network-based fuzzy inference system (ANFIS), with an emphasis on its implications for policy-making and strategic decisions in the energy sector. The model leverages a comprehensive dataset from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, spanning over 30 years of historical price data from 1993 to 2023, along with relevant temporal features. By combining the strengths of fuzzy logic and neural networks, the ANFIS approach can effectively capture the complex, nonlinear relationships present in the data, enabling reliable price predictions. The dataset’s preprocessing involved decomposing the date into year, month, and day components to enhance the model’s input features. Our methodology entailed a systematic approach to ANFIS regression, including data preparation, model training with the inclusion of the previous week’s prices as an additional feature, and rigorous performance evaluation using MSE, RMSE, and correlation coefficients. The results indicate that incorporating previous prices significantly enhances the model’s accuracy, as reflected by improved scores and correlation metrics. The findings have significant implications for the energy sector, where stakeholders can leverage the ANFIS model’s insights for strategic decision-making. Accurate gasoline price forecasts are instrumental in devising pricing strategies, managing risks associated with price volatility, and guiding policy formulation. The model’s predictive capability enables energy companies to optimize resource allocation, plan for future investments, and maintain competitive advantage in a market influenced by fluctuating prices. Moreover, policymakers can utilize these predictions to assess the impact of energy policies on market prices and consumer behavior, ensuring that regulatory measures align with market dynamics and sustainability goals. In addition to the ANFIS model, we also employed Vector Autoregression (VAR) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models to validate our approach and provide a comprehensive understanding of time series forecasting within the energy sector. Notably, the ANFIS model achieves a score of 0.9970 and a robust correlation of 0.9985, demonstrating its ability to accurately forecast gasoline prices based on historical data and features. The integration of these traditional techniques with advanced ANFIS modeling offers a robust framework for accurate and reliable gasoline price prediction, which is vital for informed policy-making and strategic planning in the energy industry.

Editors’ Introduction: Fictions in Law, Literature, and Philosophy

While several collections have been published recently from the perspective of common law focused specifically on jurisprudence and from the perspective of both literary theory and the philosophy of language, a more integrative approach that sharpens the underlying fundamental concept(s) by bringing together insights from legal theory/history, doctrinal legal scholarship, literary studies, and analytic philosophy has been missing so far. Not only has an examination of a decidedly interdisciplinary perspective been rare in research on fictions and fictionality, but also a decidedly integrative view of European and Anglo-American research approaches has been the exception. This special issue both addresses and seeks to bridge this research gap. In shedding light on the family resemblances and differences of “fiction(s)” in each of the aforementioned disciplines, we hope to identify blind spots and offer some fresh ideas with regard to a transdisciplinary theory of fiction(s) which considers their conceptual, functional, as well as historical characteristics. A particularly significant aspect of this project is that it fuses contributions from an anglophone law and literature perspective with contributions from European continental contexts, offering perspectives from related but also distinct legal and literary traditions.

Temporal outline of geological heritage sites in the Western Caucasus

Geological heritage sites (geosites) have various properties such as accessibility, geometry, and vulnerability, as well as age. It is reasonable to distinguish the geological ages related to the content of geosites (e.g., Early Ordovician or Valanginian) from the technical ages related to the physical appearance (forms) of geosites (e.g., Late Pleistocene, Prehistoric, or 21st century). This study examines 17 geosites known from the Western Caucasus—a geologically-rich area of the Greater Caucasus orogen. The revision and the update of the stratigraphical information allow to establish their geological ages. The technical ages are defined as old (before the 19th century), historical (19th–20th centuries), or young (the beginning of the 21st century). The results show that the analyzed geosites shed light on the lengthy time span (from the late Proterozoic to the Quaternary), and the Cisuralian–Early Cretaceous sedimentary succession of the study area is represented with significant completeness. Technically, the geosites are chiefly old, although the historical and young features are also common. The outcomes of this study do not only systematize the knowledge of the ages of the geosites from the Western Caucasus, but also have several practical implications (for instance, the conservation of the technically young geosites is the priority, and the geological ages are important to arrange the geosites logically for educational and touristic excursions).

Prisons, Immigration, and the Right to a Livable Life in the Anthropocene: Reading Garrett Hardin and Michel Foucault

Abstract Critical work theorizing the nature of immigration imprisonment in relation to anthropogenically influenced ecological phenomena is in its infancy. Scholars have productively made sense of the modern carceral state's expansion by locating it within the framework of race and neoliberalism, registering the collateral damage essential to Western European whiteness and a neoliberal problematic. These framings of migrant incarceration continue to effectively serve a critical function. However, this essay argues that the historical character of immigration incarceration is in the process of changing in the face of real and imagined Anthropocene impacts. Increasingly, immigration is the result of ecological collapse, and taking race and neoliberalism as primary frameworks for understanding forces subtending the carceral system has become critically restrictive. This essay develops an environmental genealogy from historical references within Michel Foucault's work on the relationship between land enclosures and rise of the prison, in order to establish a larger constellation in which to think the event of immigration incarceration today. The essay places Foucault's work in conversation with the work of prominent ecologist and white nationalist Garrett Hardin, whose concurrent pro-enclosure work on immigration and the environment inaugurated a coercive truth discourse that has come to impact not only ecological disciplines in the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the environmental humanities but also current US immigration policy.

Assessing the dynamic social values of the ‘deep city’: An integrated methodology combining online and offline approaches

This monograph presents findings from original research on urban heritage transformations and advances existing scholarship on three grounds: (1) it offers tested combinations of methods to capture the social values of heritage; (2) it distils the complex, diverse social values generated by urban heritage and revealed by the use of these methods; and (3) it discusses the implications and potential applications of these methods for urban planning. Cities are multi-layered deposits of tangible historic features and intangible meanings, memories, practices and associated values. These dense socio-material assemblages have been conceptualised as the ‘deep city’, a concept that recognises dynamic relationships between past, present and future, whilst simultaneously repositioning heritage at the heart of sustainable transformation. However, methods for understanding people’s relationships with urban heritage are mostly applied piecemeal in urban planning and heritage management. Here, we introduce research involving a suite of social and digital research methods, which can be deployed rapidly in online and offline spaces to examine the social values generated by urban heritage. Three in-depth case studies, in Edinburgh, London, and Florence, reveal how these values are involved in urban place-making. Failure to take them into account in development and regeneration projects can result in fragmentation and/or marginalisation of communities and their place attachments. The research has important implications for urban planning, offering methods and tools for working with communities to create more socially sustainable urban futures.

Adaptive restoration of Kali Mas Surabaya: strategy to recall and sustain historical area

Appropriate and targeted strategies are needed to preserve places and buildings of historical value. Historical objects are objects that are susceptible to damage and may be unmatched elsewhere. So, damage to or loss of an heirloom is very fatal. Implementing conservation strategies in an area is necessary because a place or site has complex and varied constituent elements. In this case, an area that is neglected but still has historical features requires a special strategy and perhaps several strategies. This is also because the existing strategy does not yet provide criteria and considerations regarding this matter. Kali Mas Surabaya is a historical case study that was the initial downtown port in Surabaya before it was finally decommissioned and is now rarely maintained. By carrying out a comprehensive analysis of history, documentary evidence, and actual physical evidence, it will become the basis for policy analysis and implementation. Therefore, this research will focus on how to carry out conservation strategies for recalling and sustaining abandoned historical areas so that these strategies can be generalized and applied to other historical locations.

Memory Shapelet Learning for Early Classification of Streaming Time Series.

Early classification predicts the class of the incoming sequences before it is completely observed. How to quickly classify streaming time series without losing interpretability through early classification method is a challenging problem. A novel memory shapelet learning framework for early classification is proposed in this article. First, a memory distance matrix is introduced to store the historical characteristics of streaming time series, which can alleviate repetitive calculations caused by the growing length of time series. Second, early interpretable shapelets are extracted in the proposed method by optimizing both accuracy objective and earliness objective simultaneously. The proposed method employs end-to-end learning, which allows the model to directly learn early shapelets without the necessity of searching for numerous candidate shapelets. Third, an objective function of memory shapelet learning is proposed by overall considering accuracy and earliness, which can be optimized by gradient descent algorithm. Finally, experiments are conducted on benchmark dataset UCR, Tennessee Eastman process, and real-world aluminum electrolysis process in China. Comparable results with other state-of-the-art methods demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method in interpretability, accuracy, earliness, and time complexity.

Clinical, Anamnestic, and Demographic Characteristics of Patients with Myocardial Infarction in Russian Federation According to the Russian Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction - REGION-IM.

Based on data from the Russian REGION-MI registry, to characterize patients with myocardial infarction (MI) hospitalized in Russian hospitals, describe their historical, demographic, and clinical characteristics, and compare the results with the data of previous Russian and international registries of acute coronary syndrome. REGION-MI is a multicenter prospective observational study. The follow-up period was divided into three stages: during the hospital stay, at 6 and 12 months after the inclusion in the registry. Demographic and historic data and information about the present case of MI were entered into the patient's individual record card. The median age of all patients was 63 years; 68% of patients were men. The mean age of women was older than that of men. Among all MI cases, 70% were ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) were older and had more comorbidities than patients with STEMI. The median time from the first symptoms to ECG recording was two hours, and from the first symptoms to CAG 7 hours. CAG was performed in 91% of patients with STEMI and 84% of patients with NSTEMI. Stenting was performed in 69% of patients. Although many patients had a complicated cardiovascular history, at the time of admission only 31.5% of patients were taking at least one drug from the groups of antiplatelets, oral anticoagulants, statins, and beta-blockers. Patients with MI in the Russian Federation are younger than patients with MI in European countries. Among the clinical and historical characteristics, conspicuous is the presence of modifiable risk factors in many patients, as well as the presence of a previous diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. Furthermore, a small proportion of patients took statins, antiplatelet agents or anticoagulants at the outpatient stage, which indicates a great reserve of both primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the Russian Federation. The delayed seeking medical help is also noticeable, which indicates the need for increasing the public awareness of the symptoms of MI and the importance of timely hospitalization.

Allegorical Representations of Tudor Princes

The problem of studying various types of allegorical discourses is topical. The current research devoted to allegories as a special device in the literary and pictorial art of sixteenth-century England is concerned with three different types of figurative mode of representation, their cognitive content, and their pragmatic effect. The poets, playwrights, and artists developed iconic representations of the Tudor monarchs by means of three forms of allegories: comparisons, impersonations, and personifications whose public aim was the consolidation of the dynastic power and hermeneutic interpretation of abstract concepts which made up the core of Tudor cosmology. The study provides an integrated approach to the allegorical paradigm as the totality of all means (textual and visual) expressing the same conceptual theme. The analysis has a strictly historical character and is put in the context of contemporary events and prevailing philosophical views. The corpus of literary material is discussed in rhetorical and ideological terms, Keywords: allegorical comparisons, impersonations, personifications, Moon culture.

자료와 연구는 어떻게 문학관의 컨텐츠가 되는가?

This article was written for two purposes in the discourse and theoretical un derstanding of the historical characteristics of Korean society, which has been appropriated and interpreted by a young poet named Yoon Dong-ju according to the times. First, it intends to record the construction process and planning inten tions of Yonsei University’s Yoon Dong-ju Memorial Hall, which opened in 2020, and then function as a reference material for field workers, related researchers, and visitors of the Literature Memorial Hall. Second, through the case of creating exhibition contents at the Yoon Dong-ju Memorial Hall, I want to examine how the Literature Memorial Hall implements the concept of ‘larchiveum’ by linking ‘data-research-exhibition’. In order to strengthen the ‘authenticity’ of the place as a space that has been used for different purposes for a long time is reborn as a memo rial hall, it was necessary to balance the spirit of ‘poetry’, the materiality of ‘data’, the social identity of the ‘poet’, and the historicality of ‘space’. And to emphasize the role of an integrated space called larchiveum, the concept of ‘cultural medi ation space' was added. The Literature Memorial Hall mediates ‘writer-bereaved (donor)-researcher-reader/public (viewer)’ and mediates literary texts composed of letters through other sensory representations and experiences. In that texts are submitted in a specific social arrangement, the Literature Memorial Hall is both a media in itself and a space of possibility to enable new practice. In other words, through case analysis of the exhibition planning intentions, processes, and results of the Yoon Dong-ju Memorial Hall, we tried to examine how the Literature Me morial Hall connects “material-research-exhibition-event” as a “cultural medium space” with “larchiveum”.

Warsaw small and medium-sized public urban green spaces as a response to short-time leisure needs of local residents and passers-by

ABSTRACT The study investigates visitors’ activity patterns in small and medium-sized public urban green spaces (SAMPUGS) and the relationship between the green space features and their use through the field observation of 36 case areas in Warsaw districts – Śródmieście and Ursynów. They were analysed using the perceived sensory dimensions (PSDs) and the Environmental Assessment of Public Recreation Spaces (EAPRS) tool. The green spaces in Ursynów are greener and richer in species than those in Śródmieście, but they lack historical features. The most popular activities are: sitting on a bench, strolling, dog walking, chatting and eating/drinking. Sitting on a bench is encouraged by the presence of historical feature and view outside green space but not by the ‘green ground cover’ or high green coverage ratio. Strolling is promoted in the green spaces of the bigger size and with the developed path network, but also with presence of flowerbeds and those rich in species. Chatting is promoted by the presence of historical features but not by the presence of ‘green ground cover’ and richness in species. Eating/drinking is encouraged by the presence of many places to sit, higher PSD ‘culture’ score, especially in Śródmieście and higher PSD ‘space’ score, especially in Ursynów.

Air Quality Prediction usingKNN and LSTM

The project titled "Air Quality Prediction Using KNN and LSTM" endeavors toaddress the critical issue of air pollutionthrough the application of advanced computational techniques. The project aimsto develop a robust predictive model that can forecast air quality levels based on historical data, meteorological parameters, and relevant environmental features. Leveraging machine learning algorithms such as regression, decision trees, or neural networks, the project seeks to analyze complex relationships within the data and enhance the accuracy of air qualitypredictions. The methodology involves the collection and preprocessing of extensive datasets encompassing pollutant concentrations, weather conditions, and geographicalinformation. The selected machine learning algorithms will be trained on this data to recognize patterns and correlations, enabling the model to make accurate predictions. The project also explores the integration of real- time data streams, satellite imagery, and sensor networks to improve the responsiveness of the predictive model.

Making a narrative tourism map: the case of Jiaxing’s ‘Red Boat Spirit Map’, China

ABSTRACT Today, the marriage between cartographic language and narrative strategies has reshaped maps with the generative capability to represent the intangible historical characters and events involved in social memories following a narrative manner. Despite these advances, rather few efforts have been spared to unveil the potential of tourism maps in a narrative form. This paper seeks to rectify the gaps in this line of research by unfolding the underlying theories and cartographic design guidelines for making narrative tourism maps. In particular, a narrative cartographic design approach is demonstrated and evidenced to be practical using the case of ‘Red Boat Spirit Map’, a tourism map designed for Jiaxing City, one of the most well-known destinations of China’s red tourism. It is believed that the theoretical instrument and cartographic design guidelines presented in our paper are particularly relevant and can be easily adapted to more general research of narrative maps.

Multi-Scenario Simulation of Land System Change in the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area Based on a Cellular Automata–Markov Model

As one of the four major bay areas in the world, the Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) is a highly integrated mega urban agglomeration and its unparalleled urbanization has induced prominent land contradictions between humans and nature, which hinders its sustainability and has become the primary concern in this region. In this paper, we probed the historical characteristics of land use and land cover change (LUCC) in the GBA from 2005 to 2015, and forecasted its future land use pattern for 2030, 2050, and 2070, using a cellular automata–Markov (CA–Markov) model, under three typical tailored scenarios, i.e., urban development (UD), cropland protection (CP), and ecology security (ES), for land use optimization. The major findings are as follows: (1) The encroachments of build-up land on the other land uses under rapid urbanization accounted for the leading forces of LUCCs in the past decade. Accordingly, the urban sprawl was up to 1441.73 km2 (23.47%), with cropland, forest land, and water areas reduced by 570.77 km2 (4.38%), 526.05 km2 (1.76%), and 429.89 km2 (10.88%), respectively. (2) Based on the validated CA–Markov model, significant differences are found in future land use patterns under multiple scenarios, with the discrepancy magnified over time and driven by different orientations. (3) Through comprehensive comparisons and tradeoffs, the ES scenario mode seems optimal for the GBA in the next decades, which optimizes the balance between socio-economic development and ecological protection. These results serve as an early warning for future land problems and can be applied to land use management and policy formulation to promote the sustainable development of the GBA.

Residential urban heritage space identification, delimitation, and potential assessment model based on space syntax

In the era of post-modernization, profound transformations in urban spaces have led to significant shifts in the spatial composition paradigms of contemporary urban heritage. Research on this process is crucial for elucidating the spatial pathways and compositional changes in the modernization transformation of urban heritage. This study aims to establish identification indicators and assessment systems for the spatial structure of urban residential environments exhibiting historical characteristics and heritage potential through a comparative analysis of residential urban heritage spatial paradigms in historic cities in China and Japan. First, grounded in space syntax theory, this study selected residential urban heritage in Suzhou’s Pingjiang Historic District and Uji’s Nakauji District as research cases. Utilizing road network data, this study analyzed the Life Integration (Int.VR1000) and Global Integration (Int.VR5000) of urban heritage spaces, thereby constructing a spatial topology system for heritage spaces. Second, the study employed urban spatial entropy indicators, such as architectural density entropy, spatial morphology entropy, and function mixing entropy, to quantitatively describe the spatial structure, consequently establishing a heritage space morphological structure indicator system. Finally, spatial clustering methods are used to integrate the spatial topology system with the morphological structure indicator system, resulting in a feature model for residential urban heritage spaces. The research results indicate that the transformation path of residential space paradigms is mainly influenced by spatial topology, affecting the structure of residential heritage spaces in three aspects: functional layout, building density, and spatial form. This phenomenon, in turn, impacts population distribution and the migration of living spaces. However, at the same time, the “resistance effect” of street and lane spaces and the limitations of architectural forms on spatial functions have protected the integrity and authenticity of the internal space.

Visual Documentation on Fort Metal Cross in the Western Region of Ghana: The Role of the Graphic Artists in Heritage Preservation

This study focuses on the visual documentation of Fort Metal Cross, a historical site located in the Western Region of Ghana. The aim of this study was to provide a far-reaching visual record of the fort, highlighting its historical significance, cultural value and architectural features. The qualitative case study research with visual documentation was conducted through a combination of Canon DSLR Camera with 50mm, 17mm - 35mm lens, DJI Mavic Pro 2 Drone, and smartphone techniques. The research team captured high-resolution images of the fort's exterior and interior, paying close attention to its unique architectural elements, such as the bastions, cannons, and defensive walls. Additionally, diagrams were taken to showcase the fort's surroundings and provide a virtual tour experience for viewers. In addition to the visual documentation, the research delved into the historical background of Fort Metal Cross with extensive archival research to gather information on its construction, purpose, and role in the transatlantic slave trade. This historical context provided a deeper understanding of the fort's significance within the broader historical narrative of Ghana and the African continent. The finding of this research contributed to the preservation and promotion of Fort Metal Cross as a significant cultural heritage site in Ghana, fostering a greater appreciation for its historical and architectural value to showcase its colonial past and educate future generations about the struggles and triumphs of their ancestors.