Racism, Vicious Circles, and the Psychoanalytic VisionPaul L. WachtelPaul L. WachtelSearch for more papers by this authorPublished Online:June 2005https://doi.org/10.1521/prev.88.5.653.17710PDFPDF PLUS ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations AboutReferencesComer , J., & Poussaint, A. F. (1992). Raising black children. New York: Plume. Google ScholarCrocker , J., & Major, B. (1989). Social stigma and self-esteem: The self-protective properties of stigma. Psycholog. Rev., 96:608–630. Crossref, Google ScholarFairbairn , W. R. D. (1952). An object relations theory of the personality. New York: Basic Books. Google ScholarFanon , F. (1967). Black skin, white masks. New York: Grove Press. Google ScholarFranklin , A. J. (1993, July/August). The invisibility syndrome. Family Therapy Networker, pp. 32–38. Google ScholarGaertner , S. L., & Dovidio, J. F. (1986). The aversive form of racism. In J. F. Dovidio & S. L. Gaertner, eds., Prejudice, discrimination, and racism (pp. 61–89). Orlando, FL: Academic Press. Google ScholarHartmann , H. (1958). Ego psychology and the problem of adaptation. New York: International Universities Press. (Originally published in 1939.) Google ScholarHerrnstein , R., & Murray, C. (1994). The bell curve. New York: Free Press. Google ScholarKovel , J. (1984). White racism: A psychohistory. New York: Columbia University Press. Google ScholarMassey , D., & Denton, N. (1993). American apartheit: Segregation and the making of the underclass. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Google ScholarMcConahay ,J. B. (1982). Self-interest vs. racial attitudes as correlates of anti-busing attitudes in Lousiville: Is it the buses or the blacks? J. Politics, 44: 692–720. Crossref, Google ScholarOgbu , J. (1991). Immigrant and involuntary minorities in comparative perspective. In M. Gibson & J. Ogbu, eds., Minority status and school. New York: Garland. Google ScholarOsborne , J. W. (1995). Academics, self-esteem, and race: A look at the underlying assumptions of the disidentification hypothesis. Pers. Soc. Psych. Bull., 27:449–455. Crossref, Google ScholarOsborne , J. W. (1997). Race and academic disidentification. J. Ed. Psych., 59:728–735. Google ScholarSears , D. O. (1988). Symbolic racism. In P. Katz & D. Taylor, eds., Eliminating racism: Profiles in controversy (pp. 53–84). New York: Plenum. Google ScholarSteele , C. M. (1997). A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. Amer. Psychologist, 52:613–629. Crossref Medline, Google ScholarSteele , C. M. & Aronson, J. (1995). Stereotype threat and the intellectual performance of African Americans. J. Pers. Soc. Psych., 69:797–811. Crossref Medline, Google ScholarSteinberg , L. (1996, Summer). Ethnicity and achievement. American Educator, pp. 43–50. Google ScholarWachtel , E. F., & Wachtel, P. L. (1986). Family dynamics in individual psychotherapy. New York: Guilford. Google ScholarWachtel , P. L. (1983). The poverty of affluence: A psychological portrait of the American way of life. New York: Free Press. Google ScholarWachtel , P. L. (1987). Action and insight. New York: Guilford. Google ScholarWachtel , P. L. (1993). Therapeutic communication: Knowing what to say when. New York: Guilford. Google ScholarWachtel , P. L. (1997). Psychoanalysis, behavior therapy, and the relational world. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Google ScholarWachtel , P. L. (1999). Race in the mind of America: Breaking the vicious circle between blacks and whites. New York: Routledge. Google ScholarWord , C. O., Zanna, M. P., & Cooper, J. (1974). The nonverbal mediation of self-fulfilling prophecies in interracial interaction. J. Exper. Soc. Psych., 10: 109–120. Crossref, Google Scholar Previous article Next article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 88Issue 5Oct 2001 Information© Guilford Publications Inc.PDF download