Histopathogical Examination Research Articles

Small Cell Carcinoma of Rectum - An Infrequent Aggressive Tumor

We report the case of a 63 year old man with small cell carcinoma of rectum. He presented with occasional rectal bleed, anal verge pain and generalized weakness. Colonoscopy revealed an ulcerated growth in proximal rectum. Endoscopic biopsy revealed poorly differentiated carcinoma. Laparoscopic anterior resection was done and histopathogical examination along with IHC confirmed small cell carcinoma(SCC). Colorectal SCC is a rare and aggressive tumor.

Ultrasound elastography and MR elastography for assessing liver fibrosis

Background: Liver fibrosis is a common result of many chronic liver diseases and if progressive leads to cirrhosis. The present study was conducted to compare the ultrasound elastography and MR Elastography for assessing liver fibrosis.Material and Methods: The present study 50 patients with diagnosed liver fibrosis were included in the study. The clinically obtained biopsy specimen was reviewed by single person and scored the histologic features using the NASH Clinical Research Network histologic scoring system. The pathologist was blinded to imaging data. Sonographers were blinded to clinical, histological, and MRI data. MR analysts were blinded to clinical, histological, and ultrasound data. The Statistical difference was assessed and statistical significance was assessed at a type I error rate of 0.05.Results: In the present study on histopathogical examination it was found that in total, 45, 37, 4, 19, and 5 had fibrosis stages 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The Accuracy of MRE was significantly higher than those of SWE for diagnosing any fibrosis. Conclusion: The present study concluded that MR Elastography was better than ultrasound elastography for assessing liver fibrosis.

Adenoid (Acantholytic) squamous cell carcinoma of the alveolar ridge: A rare case report

Adenoid squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a one of the histological variants of oral squamous cell carcinoma with a rare occurrence of less than 4% of all the cases. The tumour has a slight male predilection with lower lip being the most affected site. ASCC is said to have a varied biologic behaviour which accounts for its ability to metastasize to distant sites and hence has poor prognosis. The histopathology shows numerous duct-like structures with central acantholytic cells. Distinct cytological atypia is seen which aids in diagnosis of SCC. Special stains help in differentiating the tumour from other variants of SCC. The presented case of a 70-year-old female emphasizes the importance of histopathogical examination of the unusual and rarely observed ASCC which can be missed due to similarities with other entities. Recurrence rates being very high, proper treatment starting with definitive diagnosis is imperative.

Juvenile Spongiotic Epithelial Hyperplasia: Case Report

Localized juvenile spongiotic gingival hyperplasia (LJSGH) is a rare gingival lesion that has a distinctive form of inflammatory hyperplasia. The lesion has specific features both clinically and pathologically and it may or may not involve multiple sites. In this paper we present a case with lesion that clinically in harmony with LJSGH in upper central incisor area, confirmed by biopsy. A 13-year-old boy was referred to our Assalam Dental Center in Zliten, Libya, presented with circumscribed, erythematous overgrowth on the right maxillary incisor gingiva. With the provisional diagnosis of LJSGH, total excision of the lesion was performed. Clinical, microscopic and histopathogical examination confirmed the diagnosis of LJSGH in maxillary incisor site. The excised lesion showed no recurrence after 18 months of follow up appointments.

Safety, toxicity and pharmacokinetic assessment of oral Withaferin-A in mice

Withaferin-A (WA) is the principle component of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha). It has several biological activities including anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, neuroprotective, hepatoprotective and immune-modulatory properties. The acute and sub-acute toxicity of oral WA was investigated in mice. In the acute toxicity study, up to 2000 mg/kg of WA was well tolerated without any signs of toxicity or death. In the sub-acute toxicity study, mice were orally administered 10, 70 and 500 mg/kg of WA respectively, daily for 28 days. Upon physiological, serum chemistry, hematology and histopathogical examination, no features suggestive of drug-induced toxicity were observed at any dose levels, thereby confirming the No-Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) to be at least 500 mg/kg. Furthermore, the oral bioavailability of WA was evaluated using single intravenous and oral doses of 10 mg/kg and 70 mg/kg respectively using sparse sampling strategy. Bioanalysis was carried out using a validated LC-MS/MS method. The AUC of WA was found to be 3996.9 ± 557.6 ng/mL*h and 141.7 ± 16.8 ng/mL*h for the intravenous and oral routes of administration respectively. The oral bioavailability was determined to be 1.8%. To conclude, WA was found to be extremely safe even at high doses, with a low oral bioavailability.

Investigating dual drug loaded PLGA nanocarriers for improved efficacy in endometritis therapeutics

Modern endometritis therapeutics may require an extremely precise and controlled drug release system. Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microspheres loaded with two different drugs like amoxicillin and vancomycin were prepared and their efficacy in management of endometritis in murine model was examined. Such biological nanocarriers are need of the hour since they are biodegradable, cytocompatible, hemocompatible and easily formulated. The sizes of the drug loaded PLGA microspheres ranged from 65–100 nm. The electron microscopy images depicted them as uniform spherical structures. The zeta potential and polydispersity index were calculated and the in vitro release investigation indicated steady drug release over a period of 50 h at effective dosage. The drug loaded nanocarriers were found with be cytocompatible and hemolysis test elaborated that they met with hemolysis rate safety requirements. The murine models were induced with endometritis by intravaginal administration of bovine uterine isolates. The mice were sacrificed and histopathogical examination of the endometrial slides stained with haematoxylin and eosin revealed that the drug loaded PLGA nanospheres helped in reducing acute endometritis in mice in a very short time. This study thereby demonstrated well described synthesis approach of drug loaded PLGA nanospheres which may be further be transferred to preclinical laboratory studies.

Histopathological Analysis of Elongated Styloid Processes: A New Light on Etiopathogenesis of Eagle's Syndrome.

There exists paucity in recorded literature on the detailed microscopic appearance of elongated styloid processes (ESPs) in patients with Eagle's syndrome (ES). Although literature is replete with numerous conflicting and inconclusive theories, the exact cause, mechanism of origin, development and progression of styloid apparatus enlargement remains unclear and ambiguous. To carry out detailed histopathogical examination of excised specimen of ESPs in a patient with ES, with the objective to determine its precise etiomorphogenesis, and to analyse the role of possible triggering factors. Light microscopic examination was carried out of the base, mid- and apical thirds of transorally excised ESPs in a 45-year-old patient with ES. Woven bone trabeculae were found emanating from tendinous insertions of the styloid group of muscles at the mid third of the ESPs. Apical region of the ESPs showed fibro-collagenous mesenchymal tissue with numerous, haphazardly scattered trabeculae of woven bone traversing it. Presence of deeply staining reversal lines all along the length of the ESPs was suggestive of multiple micro-fractures from recurrent traumatic/traction forces, and repeated attempts at repair and ossification. It is proposed that mesenchymal structures composing the stylohyoid ligament at its attachment, and tendinous insertions of styloid muscles into the ESPs are stimulated to undergo metaplastic alterations, by repetitive stress, traction or traumatic stimuli brought to bear upon them, from muscular contractions. This osseous metaplasia of connective cells within them, followed by dystrophic bone deposition, brings about SP thickening and lengthening with their attendant and associated clinico-pathological sequelae.

A clinico-pathological study of patients with thyroid swelling and their management in a tertiary care centre in western Uttar Pradesh

Background: Thyroid diseases are common worldwide and in India too there is a significant burden of thyroid disease. Thyroid disease has a reported prevalence of 4-7% in the general population on neck palpation and in autopsy series it may be as high as 50% if subclinical nodules are included. The clinical presentation of thyroid swellings can be very misleading and a definitive diagnosis cannot be done without proper investigations.
 Aims: To conduct a clinic-pathological study of thyroid swellings along with their management in a tertiary care center.
 Objectives: 1. To study the various clinical presentations of thyroid swellings 2. To record the FNAC findings in each case. 3. To perform histopathological examination of all operative specimens and compare the results with preoperative diagnosis.
 Materials and Methods: A one-year prospective study was done in which 50 patients with thyroid swelling were identified. Detailed information regarding all relevant parameters was recorded and treatment was done as per standard protocol.
 Results: Female preponderance of cases was seen (3.16:1). Maximum cases were in 36-45 year age group and 70% cases were premenopausal females. Multinodular goiter was commonest clinical presentation and colloid goiter was most common FNAC finding. Hemithyroidectomy was the most frequently performed operation. Final results showed that colloid goiter was the most commonly diagnosed benign condition while papillary carcinoma was the commonest malignancy.
 Conclusion: Most studies show female preponderance of cases. Multinodular goiter is the commonest clinical presentation world-wide. Colloid goiter is the most commonly diagnosed cause of thyroid swelling. Though FNAC is not 100% accurate, it has an important role in the initial evaluation of these patients. Histopathogical examination of specimen is the gold-standard investigation for final diagnosis. Due to the risk of an underlying malignancy, a proper evaluation of thyroid swellings is a must as they have excellent cure rate if treated early.

Routine Histopathological Examination After Cholecystectomy

Background: Cholecystectomy is one of the commonest surgeries in medical practice. Sometimes malignant condition cannot be assessed pre-operatively. Histopathology require for tissue diagnosis.
 Objective: To assess whether the histopathogical examination is really needed for all bladder specimens resected for cholelithiasis and cholecystitis.
 Materials and Methods: This observational study was carried out in the General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from May, 2016 to April, 2017. A total number of 95 patients were included in this study.
 Results: Total of 95 gallbladder specimens were submitted for histopathological examination where 33.7% were males and 66.3 % were females with mean age of 46+12.86 years. Chronic cholecystitis was the most common finding in 91.6% of cases whereas Xanthogranulomatous 2.1%. Six of the gall bladders showed adenocarcinoma (6.3%), of which four had changes on ultrasound and macroscopic gall bladder analysis (MGAS) disturbances were found in 5 cases and 1 case was found incidentally on histopathological examination. On ultrasound, only four (66.66%) and peroperative macroscopic examination by surgeon only 5(83.3%) had a clue of carcinoma.
 Conclusion: It could be concluded that , routine histopathological examination of gallbladder after cholecystectomy is necessary as USG sometimes can not differentiate neoplastic lesion from inflammatory one.
 KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-4, January 2020, Page 184-187

Novel Intranasal Drug Delivery: Geraniol Charged Polymeric Mixed Micelles for Targeting Cerebral Insult as a Result of Ischaemia/Reperfusion.

Brain damage caused by cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) can lead to handicapping. So, the present study aims to evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic effects of geraniol in the form of intranasal polymeric mixed micelle (PMM) on the central nervous system in cerebral ischaemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. A 32 factorial design was used to prepare and optimize geraniol PMM to investigate polymer and stabilizer different concentrations on particle size (PS) and percent entrapment efficiency (%EE). F3 possessing the highest desirability value (0.96), with a PS value of 32.46 ± 0.64 nm, EE of 97.85 ± 1.90%, and release efficiency of 59.66 ± 0.64%, was selected for further pharmacological and histopathological studies. In the prophylactic study, animals were classified into a sham-operated group, a positive control group for which I/R was done without treatment, and treated groups that received vehicle (plain micelles), geraniol oil, and geraniol micelles intranasally before and after I/R. In the therapeutic study, treated rats received geraniol oil and micelles after I/R. Evaluation of the effect of geraniol on behavior was done by activity cage and rotarod and the analgesic effect tested by hot plate. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by measuring interleukin β6, cyclooxygenase-2, hydrogen peroxide, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Histopathogical examination of cerebral cortices was also done to confirm the results of a biochemical assay. Geraniol nanostructured polymeric mixed micelles showed an enhanced neuro-protective effect compared to geraniol oil, confirming that PMM via intranasal route could be an efficient approach for delivering geraniol directly to the brain through crossing the blood–brain barrier.

TO EVALUATE THE ROLE OF RADIOLOGICALAND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL EXAMINATION IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INTERSTITIAL LUNG DISEASES

Background : Interstitial Lung Disease encompasses a very large and complex group of more than 200 parenchymal pulmonary disorders of which the majority are rare. They are bunched together because they share clinical , radiographic, physiologic and pathologic features..A Multidisciplinary approach including clinical, radiological and histopathological examination is usually needed to make a correct diagnosis Patients and Methods : 60 patients with clinical and radiological features of ILD who underwent Transbronchial Lung Biopsy were included in the study. Diagnosis was made on basis of Multidisciplinary approach including clinical, radiological and histopathogical examination Results : Among the patients studied Lung Biopsy was able to confirm the diagnosis of ILD in 95% of the cases . Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis was the most common diagnosis in 23(38.3%) of the cases . HRCTalone was found to be inadequate in coming to a conclusive diagnosis Conclusion : Despite the widespread use of HRCT, Lung Biopsy remains a superior diagnostic modality in diagnosis of ILD and should be used in patients wherever possible

Toxicological, gene expression and histopathological evaluations of environmentally realistic concentrations of polybrominated diphenyl ethers PBDE- 47, PBDE-99 and PBDE-209 on zebrafish embryos

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are brominated flame retardants. Biomonitoring studies have shown widespread presence of PBDEs in humans and their accumulation in food chain cause concern to human health, especially for foetus and infant development. The early-life stages are generally considered more sensitive to exposure to toxic compounds than juvenile or adults. For this reason the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the three most environmentally relevant BDE (BDE- 47, 99 and 209) on zebrafish embryos. The fish embryo toxicity (FET) OECD tests on zebrafish were performed followed by histopathogical examination to assess morphological changes. The gene expression of the thyroid stimulating hormone β (Tshβ), the transport proteins transthyretin (Ttr) and thyroxine-binding globulin (Tbg) as well as the enzyme iodothyronine deiodinase 1 (Dio1) was also assessed by Real-time PCR.BDE-47 and BDE-99 showed an increase of the severity of the effects at the lower concentrations while for the BDE-209 the effects were higher to the high concentrations. Although all compounds did not show any acute toxicity for none of the concentrations tested, they reported interesting sub-acute lesions, including yolk and pericardial edema, tail and head malformation, reduced and extremely reduced heart beat rate, blood stasis and spinal curvature, with the highest percentage recorded for BDE-209. Cardiac edema, damage of eye structure and hydrocephaly were confirmed also by histophatological examination. Furthermore, a toxic and dose-dependent liver vacuolization in BDE-209 was observed in all experimental groups.Although no statistically significant difference in gene expression was observed, BDE-209 up-regulated only Dio1 while the other congeners induced Tshβ, Ttr, Tbg and Dio1. Overall, this research highlighted that exposure to BDE-47, BDE-99 and BDE-209 at realistic concentrations caused lethal and sub-lethal alterations and impaired genes involved in thyroid hormones homeostasis leading to abnormal development of zebrafish embryos.

Myastehenia Gravis is Caused by the Thymoma in Anterosuperior Mediastinum Sinistra and Posteroinferior Sinistra

Background: Thymoma is the most common thymus tumor; it covers 30% of the anterior mediastinum mass in adult. Almost half of thymoma does not present with any symptom and is found by accident. In 40% of patients have symptom of myasthenia gravis; other symptoms include chest pain, symptoms of bleeding and compression to other mediastinum’s structures. Ninety percent of thymoma is located in anterior mediastinum.Case: A 42-year-old woman came to Saiful Anwar Hospital with a complaint of difficulty in swallowing since three months before admission. We performed physical examination and chest X-ray AP’ and the result was within normal limit. In USG examination, there was no abnormality. From the laboratory examination, we found leucocytosis and from the CT-scan imaging, we found pocketed pleural effusion sinistra at the postero-inferior part.Based on these findings, we diagnosed (pre-operation diagnosis) this patient as anterosuperior mediastinum tumor: suspect thymoma. The pulmonologist consulted to Surgical Department for surgery. The surgeon performed sternotomy-tumor excision. The result from the vries coup and histopathogical examination was thymoma. FOB after the surgery showed an edema at the right vocal cord (post-extubation). Post-operative chest X-ray showed no mass in antero-superior mediastinum.

Diagnostic Efficacy of Ultrasonography and Fine-needle Aspiration Cytology in Correlation with Histopathology in Euthyroid Patients Having Solitary Thyroid Nodule

Objective: In patients with solitary thyroid nodules, first approach is to confirm whether the nodule is benign or malignant. Commonly available investigations used in the evaluation include thyroid hormone assays, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and ultrasonography (USG) among others. These procedures are not without drawbacks. The present study was undertaken to compare the diagnostic efficacy of USG and FNAC in correlation with histopathology in euthyroid patients having solitary thyroid nodule. Study Design: A prospective study was carried out on 48 euthyroid cases of solitary thyroid nodule attending the Department of ENT, SMS Medical College & Hospital, Jaipur, during the period of March 2016 to November 2017. All patients underwent ultrasonography and fine-needle aspiration cytology. The results of FNAC and USG were correlated with post surgical histopathogical examination (HPE) of the specimens to evaluate their sensitivity and specificity by statistical methods. Results: Ultrasound was 87.5% sensitive & 92.50% specific in the detection of malignancy in solitary thyroid nodules while the fine needle aspiration cytology had a sensitivity of 87.50% & specificity of 100% in the same regard. Conclusion: It was found that FNAC is a safe, reliable and cost effective diagnostic modality with a high sensitivity and specificity and is the single best investigation for preoperative evaluation of solitary thyroid nodule to differentiate between benign and malignancy nodules.

Long-Term Nikotine Administration Impairs Blood Parameters and Femoral Bone Tissue Structure in an Osteoporosis Model of Rats

Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease that results in the loss of bone mass and impared bone structure. Animal models for osteoporosis are generated by ovariectomy. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, bilateral ovariectomy and bilateral ovariectomy and subcutaneous nicotine administered (received nicotine sulphate, 2 mg/kg) groups, daily for 28 days. At the end of the period, rats were sacrified under anesthesia blood samples were taken and femoral tissues were dissected. Estrogen, calcium and alkaline phosphatase levels were measured. Tissue samples were prepared for histopathogical examination. Sections were stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin and examined under light microcope. Biochemical parameters were decreased depending on the overiectomy, also decrement was notable with nicotine intake. In the ovariectomy group; increased inflammatory cells with degenerative changes around the femoral compact bone and dilatation of osteon structures in bone trabeculae and apoptotic changes in osteocyte cells in bone lacuna were apparent. In the ovariectomy with nicotine administration group, excessive dilatation of the havers lamellae in the compact bone region, increased osteoclastic activity, picnosis and apoptotic nucleus of the osteoclastic cells located in the lacuna, and increased collagen fibers in the matrix were observed. We suggest that ovariectomy and nicotine administration together effect estrogen and calcium metabolism negatively, stimulate alterations in the structural properties of bone matrix, also affect osteocyte development and bone lamellar structure that may accelerate osteoporosis development.

Chrysin regulates NAD(P)H:quinoneoxidoreductase 1 and inflammatory mediators in rats exposed to smoking and thioacetamide

Tobacco smoking and hepatic damage causes oxidative stress in humans and underlay numerous chronic degenerative diseases. Heavy smoking yields toxins which induce necroinflammation and increase the severity of hepatic lesions. Accordingly, the main object of this study to investigate the effect of chrysin against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury in rats exposed to tobacco smoke in combination. The study was carried out by investigating the oxidative stress biomarkers (glutathione peroxidase, SOD, catalase, paroxynase-1 and NAD (P) H: quinoneoxidoreductase 1 activities), inflammatory markers (IL-6 and IL-8 levels and gene expressions of NF-κB and VEGF) as well as histopathogical examination. It was found a significant reduction in activities of antioxidant enzymes concomitant with cytokines elevation; (IL-6 and IL-8) in rats exposed to tobacco smoke in combination with (TAA) treatment compared with normal control. Additionally, the transcript levels of (NF-κB and VEGF) genes were significantly higher in the rats exposed to tobacco smoke in combination with (TAA) treatment compared with normal control. However, treatment with chrysin, the levels of these parameters were significantly decreased which demonstrates the ameliorative effect of chrysin against (TAA) induced liver injury in rats exposed to tobacco smoke in combination. Histological investigations revealed that chrysin gave more preventive effect against thioacetamide (TAA)-induced liver injury in rats exposed to tobacco smoke. In conclusion, chrysin modulated the damage induced by exposure to tobacco smoking and hepatic disease

'En face' ex vivo reflectance confocal microscopy to help the surgery of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid.

Ex vivo confocal microscopy is a recent imaging technique for the perioperative control of skin tumour margins. Up to date, it has been used in the fluorescence mode and with vertical sections of the specimen margins. The aim of this study was to evaluate its use in the reflectance mode and with a horizontal ('en face') scanning of the surgical specimen in a series of basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid. Prospective consecutive cohort study was performed at the University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France. Forty-one patients with 42 basal cell carcinoma of the eyelid participated in this study. Basal cell carcinomas were excised with a 2-mm-wide clinically safe margin. The surgical specimens were analysed under ex vivo confocal microscopy in the reflectance mode and with an en face scanning in order to control at a microscopic level if the margins were free from tumour invasion. Histopathogical examination was later performed in order to compare the results. Sensitivity and specificity of ex vivo confocal microscopy for the presence of tumour-free margins. Ex vivo confocal microscopy results were consistent with histopathology in all cases (tumour-free margins in 40 out of 42 samples; sensitivity and specificity of 100%). Ex vivo confocal microscopy in the reflectance mode with an 'en face' scanning can control tumour margins of eyelid basal cell carcinomas and optimize their surgical management. This procedure has the advantage on the fluorescent mode of not needing any contrast agent to examine the samples.

A survey of epiphytic organisms in cultured kelp Saccharina japonica in Korea

A survey was conducted to investigate the presence of epiphytic organisms in four kelp Saccharina japonica farms in the coastal area of Korea from 2014 to 2015. Of 740 kelp samples that were taken, 208 exhibited six kinds of epiphytic organisms, including hydroid (detection rate: 11.6%), bryozoan (6.4%), polychaete (3.4%), algae (3.2%), caprellid (3%), and oyster (0.5%). The infestation rate for hydroid, bryozoan, and polychaete was significantly higher in the Wando farm, Busan farm, and Pohang farm, respectively. Epiphytic organisms were generally observed during May to September and not January to April, indicating that their infestation was significantly higher when the water had a higher temperature. The histopathogical examination revealed that hydroid and bryozoan organisms were attached on the cuticula of the thallus while some algae were attached on the cuticula of the thallus or had penetrated the epidermis. These results indicate that hydroid and bryozoan were the most predominant epiphytic organisms in Korean kelp farms, even though the infested thallus had not been broken.

Chronic administration of phenytoin and pleomorphic adenoma: A case report and review of literature

Adverse drug effects that are uncommon or appear only on chronic administration of a drug may not be detected in clinical trials. This explains the need of strict post-marketing vigilance on drug use. Phenytoin administration has been shown in the literature to be associated with development of neoplasia (benign/malignant). In our knowledge current work represents the first case of pleomorphic-adenoma of sub-mandibular salivary gland developed following chronic phenytoin use. A 40 year old male having a history of head trauma twenty years back, had been on tablet phenytoin 100 mg thrice daily since then. One year back he noticed a small swelling in left sub-mandibular region and gradually increasing in size. FNAC and CECT revealed the diagnosis of pleomorphic-adenoma of sub-mandibular salivary gland. Other causes were ruled out. Surgical excision was performed successfully and continuing follow-up with no recurrence at the end of 6 months. Histo-pathogical examination of the tissue did not show any malignant changes.

Aging increases the susceptibility of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity.

Cisplatin (CDDP) nephrotoxicity is one of the most common side effects in cancer treatment, causing the disruption of chemotherapy. In this study, we analyzed the influence of nongenetic factors on CDDP-induced nephrotoxiciy using the data from 182 CDDP-treated and 52 carboplatin (CBP)-treated patients. The mean change of eGFR (100 % to baseline) in CDDP-treated patients was −9.2 %, which was significantly lower than that in the population with CBP therapy. By using the chi-squared test and multivariate logistic regression analysis, age (≥50 years) is found associated with CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity, with odds ratio (OR) of 9.167 and 11.771, respectively. Three- and 18-month-old mice were employed to study the age-dependent susceptibility of CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity. Biochemical parameters, histopathogical examination, and mRNA biomarkers indicated that old mice were subjected to more severe kidney injury. In addition, old mice accumulated more CDDP in kidney than young mice, and the protein level of CDDP efflux transporter, MATE1, in aged mice kidney was 35 % of that in young mice. Moreover, inflammatory receptor TLR4 was higher in the kidney of old mice, indicating the alteration of inflammatory signaling in old mice. After CDDP administration, the induced alterations of TNF-α, ICAM-1, and TLR4 were more extensive in old mice. To summarize, aging increased the susceptibility of CDDP-induced renal function decline or nephrotoxicity.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11357-015-9844-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.