Detection Of Histamine Research Articles

Cytochemical detection of histamine in the human granulopoietic series of healthy subjects and of patients affected by chronic myeloid leukaemia. A spectrophotofluorimetric test for checking OPT-induced fluorescence in isolated cells

Cellular histamine in blood and bone marrow has been identified histochemically using an o-phthaldialdehyde fluorescence reaction. The specificity of the reaction was tested by a spectrofluorometric analysis of cell extracts. In normal blood, the basophils emit a bright yellow fluorescence, whereas neutrophils, eosinophils and platelets react less consistently and when they do, they give off a less intense yellow or blue emission. In normal marrow, basophils react strongly whereas the metamyelocytes and later granular cells show only a weak yellow or blue fluorescence. In chronic myeloid leukaemia, cells of the granular series emit a strong yellow fluorescence at all stages of development, although still less intense than the basophils. During remission, the fluorescence pattern of cells from leukaemic subjects reverts to that of normal cells.

Rapid Thin Layer Chromatographic Method for the Detection of Histamine in Fish Products

A rapid, convenient thin layer chromatographic (TLC) method for detecting histamine in fish samples is described. Samples of press juice or fish flesh are applied directly to TLC plates. The plates are developed with acetoneammonium hydroxide (95+5) and the spots are visualized with ninhydrin or Pauly's reagent. Chromatographic separation of histamine from other fish components is readily achieved by this method.

Histamine release from human leukocytes when stimulated by Mycoplasma salivarium.

Incubated mixtures of Mycoplasma salivarium and nonsensitized mixed leukocytes released histamine. Spectrophotofluorometric detection of histamine occurred at physiological temperature and pH independent of complement and specific antiserum.

Detection of histamine in mast cells by O-phthalaldehyde reation after liquid fixation.

Detection of histamine in mast cells by O-phthalaldehyde reation after liquid fixation.

Differential release of histamine by 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline and reserpine from neoplastic mast cells in vitro: Biological and fluorescence microscope observations

The effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine, noradrenaline and reserpine on the histamine content of murine neoplastic mast cells has been investigated in vitro. In this study, the detection of histamine by bioassay was combined with observation of the mast cells by fluorescence microscopy, using a suitable staining technique for detecting histamine. 5-Hydroxytryptamine was capable of blocking the uptake of histamine while noradrenaline and reserpine both produced a significant depletion of endogenous histamine. The histamine - depleting action of these two substances is sustained by a different cellular mechanism. In the cells exposed to noradrenaline, observations under the fluorescence microscope revealed the almost complete disappearance of fluorescent cytoplasmic granules, with no appreciable morphological changes. In the cells exposed to reserpine, fluorescent granules became sparse and a widespread degranulation occurred.

IDENTIFICATION OF PHARMACOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES IN THE INDIAN STINGING NETTLE, URTICA PARVIFLORA (ROXB.)

The presence of histamine, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and acetylcholine has been demonstrated in the Indian stinging nettle, Urtica parviflora (Roxb.). In addition, the presence of a histamine-liberating substance is strongly indicated. The whole leaves of the plant were extracted in acetone. The acetone-extracted material was used to detect 5-HT and acetylcholine. The acid-treated extract was used for the detection of histamine, and the histaminase-treated extract was used for the detection of the histamine liberator. Appropriate biological and chromatographic tests were performed for the pharmacologically active constituents.

A microchemical method for the determination of histamine; its application to skin biopsies.

In the past the quantitative determination of histamine in the skin has depended solely upon the pharmacological action of histamine on smooth muscle. The most commonly used pharmacological methods have been to determine the effect on the arterial blood pressure of the cat, 1 or more recently on contraction of gut tissue in vitro. Preliminary acid hydrolysis of the extract has been done by some investigators * and omitted by others.† Chemical methods for the detection and quantitative determination of histamine have been devised. These all involve preliminary purification and color reactions with various substances.‡ A chemical method, if adequately specific and sensitive, would have definite advantages in ease of performance and avoidance of the problems of a pharmacological method. The method used in this experiment was an adaptation of that described by Lowry, Graham, and associates 11 which has been found to be sensitive and specific when

蛋白酵素分解物の薬学的研究 (第5報)

Histamine and tyramine are assumed to be one of the substances responsible for sideeffects attending the intravenous administration of protein hydrolysate preparations. Detection of histamine and tyramine and approximate determination of their contens in various protein hydrolysates and marketed parenteral preparations were carried out by paper chromatography in reference to the method of Urbach. The results obtained are shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and in Table I. These results indicated that histamine and tyramine were present in casein hydrolysate prepared with toluene as the antiseptic and the marketed parenteral preparations in larger amounts than was expected. It was also found that there were a difference in the amount of histamine formed by the manner of hydrolysis and that in protein hydrolysate preparations obtained by alkaline hydrolysis, care must be taken to remove these harmful amines.

Reversed Iontophoresis of Histamine from Human Skin. Its Bearing on Histamine Theory of Allergic Wheal

By standardization of both metallic and absorbent electrode material, an iontophoretic method has been developed which permits the detection of histamine in dilutions as high as 1:5,000,000 by the formation of wheals in the human skin.1 The method has been serviceable in the development of a procedure for assaying histamine in human, rabbit, and guinea pig blood. Thus, histamine can be assayed directly in the blood of rabbits killed by the intravenous administration of histamine. Only 0.1 cc. of blood is required.When histamine is administered by the galvanic current so that a wheal forms in the human skin, the positive pole is applied to force the positively charged histamine ions into the skin. It has now been found that if the negative pole be applied to the surface of the wheal formed by the scratch or by the iontophoretic method, sufficient histamine is transported out by this reversal of iontophoresis to form secondary wheals in new areas of the skin. In this way, histamine has been recovered from w...

Histamin: Seine Pharmakologie und Bedeutung für die Humoralphysiologie.

The authors of this work have not only compiled an extensive and representative literature on histamine but have included every ramification in connection with histamine-like substances and actions. The work is exceedingly well organized and is presented in a critical manner. The main divisions of the book are: (<i>a</i>) The chemistry, detection, determination, formation, and occurrence of histamine; (<i>b</i>) the general pharmacology; (<i>c</i>) the special pharmacology; (<i>d</i>) the action of histamine-like substances. The work is so well done and so comprehensive that a worker in any of the numerous fields involved is well repaid in reading it.