Hippophae Salicifolia Research Articles

Qualitative characteristics analysis of Hippophae salicifolia D. Don (Seabuckthorn) populations in Himachal Pradesh

To determine the variation among different populations and growing plants for qualitative characteristics of plant, leaves, thorns, fruits (berries) and seeds, five female plants of Hippophae salicifolia D. Don at each site were selected at the time of fruit set i.e., during August-September, when male and female could be differentiated. The selected plants were used for the assessment the qualitative variation of Hippophae salicifolia D. Don in Spiti valley and Baspa valley. Variation in qualitative traits of different sites of Hippophae salicifolia D. Don within and between different populations were studied. All the qualitative characters showed significant variation among and between different populations. Based on qualitative characters of different population of different sites, the population of Badseri and Kupa sites were found more promising for growth habit, plant vigour, density of shoot, number of thorns and length of thorns. Due to tremendous variability in population, the population can be used for future variability approaches and breeding programmes and for preparation of DUS guidelines of this species. It is suggested that for further propagation programmes, genepools from Sangla should be used and it can be planted on wastelands to develop grazing areas for sheep and goats and harvesting of fruits for Seabuckthorn value addition chain.

Standardization of Ayurvedic Drug- Nyctanthes arbor-tristis, Hippophae salicifolia, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Reinwardtia indica and Combined Herb-Herb

The herbal medicines have reached extensive acceptability as therapeutic agents for various clinical diseases due to global demand. Therefore, standardization is the essential and initial step to drug development. It is for the establishment of consistent biological activity, a consistent chemical profile and biomarker identification. It improves the safety and efficacy of herbal medicine to provide the best herbal medicine to society and increase popularity rather than non-standardized extracts. In addition, it is essential to practice or maintain a quality assurance program for the production and manufacturing of herbal medicine that includes the basis of organoleptic characters and photomicrographs, physicochemical, proximate analysis phytochemical evaluation and quality control analysis and order to assess the quality of drugs, based on the concentration of their active principles. WHO has provided specific guidelines for the assessment of the safety, efficacy and quality of herbal drugs as a prerequisite for global harmonization and of utmost importance. In the present study, the herbal extracts were cleaned, dried in the shade and powdered by passing through the sieve as per the method described in the standard protocol. An overview covering various techniques employed in the extraction and characterization of Nyctanthes arbortristis, Hippophae salicifolia, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Reinwardtia indica, standardization is reported in this study. The obtained data would be very significant for future clinical aspects, as the bioactive molecules present in the extracts may exhibit synergistic effect with other bioactive compound and show a better therapeutic value. Thus, this study provides standardized and therapeutically potential data of active polyherbal formulations for the different ailments.

Augmentation in seed germination through pre-treatments in sea buckthorn (Hippophae salicifolia D. Don): An important multipurpose shrub of himalaya

Augmentation in seed germination through pre-treatments in sea buckthorn (Hippophae salicifolia D. Don): An important multipurpose shrub of himalaya

Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) caudiglans (Schuster 1959) (Acari: Phytoseiidae); as predatory mite in Erzurum-Turkey

Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) caudiglans (Schuster) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) was collected from Hippophae salicifolia L. (Elaeagnaceae) leaves in Erzurum during the years 2015-2016. T. (A.) caudiglans is a predatory mite lives on ornamental plants. The samples were extracted by Berlese funnel and cleared in Lacto-phenol solution after that mounted in Hoyer solution. The samples were deposited in the mite collection at Ankara University and Ataturk University Plant Protection Department of Turkey. This is the first record of T. (A.) caudiglans for Phytoseiidae fauna of Turkey. Re-description and illustration of the new record is given.

Antioxidant enzyme activities in male and female plants of Hippophae salicifolia D. Don in different pheno-phases

Changing seasons or environmental condition of a region and various life phases of the yearly cycle of plants can cause the production of reactive oxygen species in plant tissues. The antioxidative system plays a vital role in acclimations in such stress-full conditions, either enzymes or non-enzymatic molecules. Hippophae salicifolia D. Don. is a dioecious and deciduous tree species growing in temperate to the subalpine region of Indian Himalayas in Lahul Spiti (Himachal Pradesh), Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh. As a dioecious species, variation in male and female was observed in many aspects in both sexual-morph in a range of studies. A hypothesis was made in this study, that male and female plant of H. salicifolia has a different antioxidant potential for quenching the reactive oxygen species in the various growing season of the year, and the antioxidant enzyme activities of male and female also vary with pheno-phases. For this purpose, 10-year-old male and female plants were selected, and leaves and buds were collected from them according to the growing season. Enzymatic extraction was carried out according to the standardized method and enzyme assays were carried out for superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD). Results showed the variation in SOD and POD enzyme activities in leaves and buds of male and female plants of H. salicifolia in different pheno-phases. Female leaves showed highest enzymatic antioxidant activities in the fruit maturation period (September) and lowest during leaf senescence period (November), whereas male leaves showed highest SOD activity in September but highest POD activity in July. Buds showed higher SOD activity, but lower POD activity than the leaves and differences in activity was not significant in dormant buds at gender basis, active buds showed lower SOD activity but higher POD activity in both male and female.

Value addition of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae salicifolia D. Don): A success story from Uttarakhand Himalayas

Value addition of Seabuckthorn (<i>Hippophae salicifolia</i> D. Don): A success story from Uttarakhand Himalayas

Screening of Hippophae salicifolia for hypolipidemic effect in Wistar albino rats and its influence on aluminium chloride induced biochemical changes

Screening of <i>Hippophae salicifolia</i> for hypolipidemic effect in Wistar albino rats and its influence on aluminium chloride induced biochemical changes

In vitro propagation of male and female Hippophae salicifolia D. Don

Hippophae salicifolia D. Don. is a deciduous, temperate, and dioecious tree of great economic and ecological importance. In this study, an in vitro propagation protocol was established for male and female explants of H. salicifolia. The most suitable explants were selected by screening the various types of explants such as dormant and active axillary buds, apical buds, nodal parts, and leaves. The explants were selected every month throughout the year to test the response, and only dormant and active buds were able to generate a response. Accumulation of phenolics was one of the most significant problems in the in vitro propagation of H. salicifolia, which was overcome by using an antioxidant solution of 1500 mg L−1 each ascorbic acid and citric acid followed by a lower temperature treatment, and pre-culture in 1.2% (w/v) agar supplemented with 0.01% (w/v) myo-inositol and 3% (w/v) sucrose. Active buds proved to be the best explant type to propagate H. salicifolia in vitro, either on Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Lloyd and McCown Woody Plant media supplemented with high cytokinin concentrations. Half- and full-strength MS media were used for rooting the in vitro-grown shoots, and the rooting percentage was higher in the half-strength MS media than in the full strength. There were no significant differences in the responses of male and female explants in various culture conditions. Female plants showed better acclimatization than male plants.

Phenological variations of primary biochemicals in male and female plants of Hippophae salicifolia D. Don

Dioecious nature of a plant shows variations in male and female individuals of that species, due to their differential role in sexual reproduction. So it is evident for them to have different metabolite stock in various stages of their life. Hippophae salicifolia D. Don. is a deciduous and dioecious plant species with its immense livelihood, health, and ecological potential. Focussing on the dioecious nature of this plant species male and female individuals of the H. salicifolia were screened for primary metabolite contents viz. Total soluble protein content (TSPC), total free amino acid content (TFAAC) and Carbohydrates (total soluble sugars content-TSSC and total soluble starch content-TSStC) content in different growing seasons of the year. For this leaves and buds of male and female plants were selected during active and dormant seasons respectively. Variations were observed in primary metabolites in all studied months in leaves and buds of the male and female plant. TSSC in female leaves was lower in May and July whereas it was higher in September and November than male leaves. TSPC were found higher in male leaves than female leaves in all observed month except November. TFAAC in male was most elevated in September whereas it was highest in November in female leaves. Carbohydrate, protein and free amino acid contents were found higher in winter buds which help the plants to cope up with the harsh and chilled winter conditions. During dormancy releasing period, buds showed higher TSSC, lower TSStC, higher TSPC, and lower TFAAC.

Amelioration of antioxidant potential, toxicity, and antihyperglycemic activity of Hippophae salicifolia D. Don leaf extracts in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Efficacy of several plant extracts in the clinical research for modulating oxidative stress correlated with diabetes mellitus (DM) is well documented. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro antioxidant activity, toxicity, and anti-diabetic activity of methanolic extract of Hippophae salicifolia leaves in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic wistar rats. H. salicifolia leaves were found to be rich in antioxidants. The acute toxicity test of methanolic extract of H. salicifolia leaves revealed that the median lethal dose (LD50) was found to be 3.92g/kg body weight in mice. Administration of H. salicifolia leaves at 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg in alloxan-induced diabetic rats illustrated significant reduction (22% and 39%, respectively) in fasting blood glucose compared to diabetic control. Both the doses were found to be effective when compared to diabetic rats. The Hippophae-treated diabetic rats showed significant increase in the endogenous antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (50% and 74%, respectively), glutathione peroxidase (57% and 41%, respectively) and decrease in malondialdehyde (33% and 15%, respectively) levels. These results suggested that the methanolic leaf extract of H. salicifolia enhanced the antioxidant defence against reactive oxygen species produced under hyperglycaemic conditions.

Hippophae salicifolia D. Don: A Miraculous Species Less Known in Europe

Hippophae salicifolia is an Euro-Asian species used in many industries, from medicine to cosmetics, nutrition, or soil sciences (enriching degraded fields, diminishing soil erosion, preventing and treating diseases). The purpose of this study was to analyse the culture of this species in Europe together with the chemical content of its fruits. In order to achieve this, Hippophae salicifolia seeds were sown in greenhouses, seedlings were planted in fields, while the fruits were harvested and analysed both fresh, as well as after preservation for 1 year and 5 months. The properties of H. salicifolia fruits were also compared with the fruits of Hippophae rhamnoides, both fresh and preserved for 7 months. The analysis have shown that fresh fruits contain an average quantity of 31; 811 and 231 mg/100 total carotenoid, polyphenol, and ascorbic acid, respectively. The vitamin C content was much higher than that observed for H. rhamonides. If kept in adequate conditions, H. salicifolia fruits lose only a small amount of vitamin C and exhibit a vitamin C content (224 mg/100g) superior to the fresh fruit of H. rhamonides (100-150 mg/100 g). By comparing the chemical characteristics of H. salicifolia and H. rhamnoides fruits preserved over a long period of time, a higher concentration of vitamin C was observed in H. salicifolia, while the differences between the other chemical characteristics were insignificant. The obtained results strongly suggest that H. salicifolia can be successfully cultured in Europe, while its exceptional fruit qualities can be capitalised on by a variety of industries.

Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides and Hippophae salicifolia) seed oil in combating inflammation: A mechanistic approach

Objective: This study assessed and compared in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of Hippophae rhamnoides (HR) and Hippophae salicifolia (HS) seed oil. Materials and Methods: HR and HS seed oil was extracted by Soxhlet apparatus and characterized using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy. Wistar rats were used for predicting anti-inflammatory activity. Results: HR and HS (2 and 4 ml/kg, respectively) exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of carrageenan-, histamine-, prostaglandin-, bradykinin-, and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced paw edema. Significant leukotriene-induced inhibition was observed in HR. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) and lipid-peroxidase (LPO) assays were performed and HR and HS seed oil significantly decreased the level of MPO and LPO at 4 ml/kg dose (P Abbreviations Used: AA: Arachidonic acid, ALA: Alpha linolenic acid, COX: Cyclooxygenase, EPA: Eicosapentaenoic acid, GCMS: Gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, HR: Hippophae rhamnoides, HS: Hippophae salicifolia, ip: Intraperitoneal, LOX: Lipoxygenase, LPO: Lipid peroxidase, LTB4: Leukotriene B4, LTs: Leukotrienes, MPO: Myeloperoxidase, PGE2: Prostaglandin E2, PGs: Prostaglandins, PUFA: Poly unsaturated fatty acid, SBT: Seabuckthorn

Antioxidant Potential of Herbal Tea from Rhododendron anthopogon D. Don and Hippophae salicifolia D. Don

Herbal tea prepared from leaves and flowers of Rhododendron anthopogon D. Don. and from leaves and pulp of dried fruits Hippophae salicifolia D. Don was tested for its antioxidant potential. Both tested plant species were proven good candidates for commercial Herbal Teas in terms of antioxidant potentials.

Salt stress–induced changes in antioxidative defense system and proteome profiles of salt-tolerant and sensitive Frankia strains

ABSTRACTAn appreciation of comparative microbial survival is most easily done while evaluating their adaptive strategies during stress. In the present experiment, antioxidative and whole cell proteome variations based on spectrophotometric analysis and SDS-PAGE and 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis have been analysed among salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive Frankia strains. This is the first report of proteomic basis underlying salt tolerance in these newly isolated Frankia strains from Hippophae salicifolia D. Don. Salt-tolerant strain HsIi10 shows higher increment in the contents of superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase as compared to salt-sensitive strain HsIi8. Differential 2-DGE profile has revealed differential profiles for salt-tolerant and salt-sensitive strains. Proteomic confirmation of salt tolerance in the strains with inbuilt efficiency of thriving in nitrogen-deficient locales is a definite advantage for these microbes. This would be equally beneficial for improvement of soil nitrogen status. Efficient protein regulation in HsIi10 suggests further exploration for its potential use as biofertilizer in saline soils.

Acidic and Neutral Monosaccharide Analysis of Cold Water Soluble Polysaccharide from Hippophae salicifolia D. Don Leaves

Hippophae salicifolia D. Don is a shrub used in traditional medicine system since ages due to its diverse pharmacological effects and health benefits. The leaves of the species have immense therapeutic applications viz. antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory etc. due to diverse array of chemical constituents. The cold water soluble polysaccharide (CWSP) was isolated from the leaves in 3.6% yield. Complete hydrolysis of the polysaccharide was accomplished using 2N sulphuric acid. Paper chromatography and gas liquid chromatography (GLC) of the hydrolysate identified that CWSP was composed of L-rhamnose, L-arabinose, D-xylose, D-mannose, D-galactose and D-glucose in the mole percent of 13.2, 21.5, 4.2, 9.4, 29.3 and 22.4 respectively. Uronic acid estimation was performed by reduction of the acidic moiety in polysaccharide followed by derivatisation to alditol acetates and GLC analysis of resultant neutral polysaccharide which led to quantification of D-galacturonic acid in 9.6 mole percent. The study resulted in composition of constituent monosaccharides of CWSP alongwith uronic acid content. The results may be useful in determination of structural moiety of the polysaccharide responsible for its bio-efficacy.

Estimation of phenolic compounds in leaf and fruits of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae salicifolia D. Don): Their possible implications in human health

Estimation of phenolic compounds in leaf and fruits of Seabuckthorn (<i>Hippophae salicifolia</i> D. Don): Their possible implications in human health

Deciphering the evolutionary affiliations among bacterial strains (Pseudomonas and Frankia sp.) inhabiting same ecological niche using virtual RFLP and simulation-based approaches.

To decipher an evolutionary lineage between two different but important bacterial groups, i.e., Pseudomonas strain (γ-Proteobacteria) and Frankia strain (actinobacteria) growing in the same ecological niche in and around of an actinorhizal plant Hippophae salicifolia D. Don, genetic diversity and comparative molecular phylogeny have been investigated using 16S rRNA gene sequences and computer-simulated and virtually directed restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) through 10 restriction enzymes. Bayesian and coalescent analyses on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences suggested three major groups with close proximity between Pseudomonas and Frankia isolates. This result has been further validated based on the data observed through similarity coefficient value and computational RFLP. Principal component analysis and Mandel h and k statistical analysis also confirmed and strengthen the findings. Approximately 458 aligned sequence of all the taxa were used to decipher nucleotide diversity, polymorphism and gene flow between these taxa. Thus, our results suggest for a possible co-evolution or a heterologous gene transfer of distantly related microbial forms. Further, our study also advocate for the use of computer aided, virtual RFLP analysis as a cost effective and rapid identification tool.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13205-016-0488-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Comparative hepatoprotective effects of Berberi slycium, Tinospora cordifolia and Hippophae salicifolia against lantadenes-induced hepatotoxicity in guinea pigs

The hepatoprotective activity of freeze-dried methanolic extracts of three herbal plants including Berberi slyciumroot bark, Tinospora cordifolia stem and Hippophae salicifolia leaves were evaluated against lantadenes-induced hepatic damage in guinea pigs. A total of 36 guinea pigs of either sex were divided into 9 groups. The oral administration of two graded doses of freeze-dried methanolic extract of the ameliorating plants (100 and 200 mg/kg bw) was started a week prior to the administration of lantadenes (at the dose of 25 mg/kg bw). The total duration of the trial was 21 days. The results of gross and histopathology suggested that amongst the three herbal plants, B. lycium was the most effective herbal plant in preventing lantadenes-induced damage in a dose-dependent manner. This was followed in decreasing order by the higher dose of T. cordifolia. Amongst all the three plants, methanolic extract of H.salicifolia appeared to be noneffective plant against lantadene-induced hepatotoxicity.

A pharmacological investigation of Hippophae salicifolia (HS) and Hippophae rhamnoides turkestanica (HRT) against multiple stress (C-H-R): an experimental study using rat model.

Hippophae salicifolia (HS) and Hippophae rhamnoides turkestanica (HRT) are abundantly found species of Hippophae in Himalayan region of India. As these plants thrive under extreme climatic conditions, it is suspected that these plants must have a unique adaptogenic property against high-altitude stress. To keeping these views in our mind, the present study was planned to evaluate the mechanism of action of aqueous extract of HS and aqueous extract of HRT against multiple stress [cold-hypoxia-restraint (C-H-R)] for their adaptogenic activity. The present study reported the adaptogenic activity of HS in facilitating tolerance to multiple stress, CHR in rats. Pre-treatment with aqueous extract of HS significantly attenuated reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, protein oxidation, and lipid peroxidation and also showed role in maintaining antioxidant status as similar to control rats. Since protein oxidation was decreased by pre-treatment of HS, protein homeostasis was also sustained by regulation of heat shock proteins (HSP70 and HSP60). Interestingly, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF), and nitric oxide (NO) level was also increased in HS pre-treated rats depicted its adaptogenic activity against multiple stress, CHR. Conclusively, aqueous extract of HS could use an adaptogen for high altitude-associated multiple stress (CHR).

Assessment of Morphological and Biochemical Diversity in Seabuckthorn (Hippophae salicifolia D. Don.) Populations of Indian Central Himalaya

A survey was conducted in Uttarkashi, Rudraprayag and Chamoli districts of Garhwal division of Uttarakhand state to assess morphological and biochemical diversity of Hippophae salicifolia, which is widely distributed at an altitude of 2,229–3,287 m asl. Sixteen naturally growing populations selected for the study showed wide variation among qualitative traits viz. fruit shape, fruit colour at maturity, seed shape, seed colour and plant architecture. Maximum number of fruits per 10 cm of fruiting branch was recorded in Dharali-1 accession (102), while maximum fruits weight was observed in Bhyundar accession (24.8 g/100 fruit). Highest juice percentage (74.38 %) and highest total soluble solids (10.0°B) was recorded in Hanumanchatti and Rambara stands, respectively. Acidity, recorded as % citric acid (4.26–6.73 %) and ascorbic acid (261.37–748.15 mg/100 ml) content in fruit pulp also showed wide range of variation across the populations. To ascertain the extent of variability observed at the morphological level, dendrogram prepared using euclidean distance revealed presence of three major clusters. Based on the morphological observations it was evident that large diversity exists in naturally growing populations of H. salicifolia in the Indian Central Himalaya, and this morphological variation can be exploited for the further selection of suitable genotypes to accelerate the domestication process of this important species.