High-rise Buildings Research Articles

Exploring the Structural Response of High-Rise Buildings using Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithms

Exploring the dynamic behaviour of high-rise buildings presented a critical challenge. In this study, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithm (FLGA) were employed to comprehensively investigate the structural response of high-rise buildings (HRBs) for adaptive vibration control systems employing semiactive damper devices. The study integrated a fuzzy logic inference system with a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to create FLGA, which was then employed in a 3-story shear building under real earthquake conditions and multi-dimensional wind loads. The analytical model for a semi-active tuned mass damper (STMD) was examined and evaluated before integrating it into the proposed FLGA system. The results indicated that FLGA reduced story acceleration by an average of 20% and story drift by approximately 50% while efficiently controlling the structure within allowable movement limits and resident comfort criteria under multi-directional wind loads. The suggested optimal controller mitigated both displacement and acceleration responses by 15 to 20% without amplification. The study demonstrated FLGA's effectiveness as a model-free control strategy for managing structural response uncertainties.

Study on the dynamic fracture mechanical properties of ultra high-performance concrete under the influence of steel fiber content

Ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) is characterized by its ultra-high strength and durability, making it suitable for use in large-span bridges, super high-rise buildings, and other special structures. These types of structures often have high requirements for crack control, making the exploration of UHPC's fracture mechanics properties of significant importance. Therefore, this paper sets up four steel fiber contents (0 %, 0.6 %, 1.2 % and 1.8 %) and four strain rates (10−5/s, 10−4/s, 10−3/s and 10−2/s), totaling 16 working conditions. The hydraulic servo system combined with digital image correlation (DIC) technology was used to conduct fracture mechanics tests on UHPC three-point bending beams. The test results show that the unstable fracture load of UHPC increases with the increase of strain rate and steel fiber content, and increasing the steel fiber content can enhance the strain rate effect of UHPC to a certain extent. Additionally, combined with the J-criterion model, this study proposed a dynamic criterion for the unstable fracture load of UHPC considering the influence of steel fiber content. The initial fracture toughness, unstable fracture toughness, and fracture energy of UHPC are significantly more affected by steel fiber content than by strain rate. Through DIC technology, the analysis of UHPC crack propagation shows that UHPC without steel fibers experiences rapid crack expansion in the Pre-90 % to Peak stage, with less influence from the strain rate. However, UHPC with steel fibers exhibits a more uniform crack growth rate, with the crack emergence phase gradually lagging as the strain rate increases. For UHPC without steel fibers, the crack opening displacement (COD) at the unstable fracture load point surges suddenly, while the COD development in UHPC with steel fibers is slower. At lower strain rates, an increase in steel fiber content leads to an earlier sudden increase phase in UHPC's COD; at higher strain rates, the influence of steel fiber content on the sudden increase phase of UHPC's COD is more scattered. The research results of this paper provide a theoretical basis for the calculation and analysis of the dynamic response of UHPC structures under seismic loads.

Generative design for complex floorplans in high-rise residential buildings: A Monte Carlo tree search-based self-organizing multi-agent system (MCTS-MAS) solution

This research aims to develop an innovative generative design algorithm for complex floorplan layout designs in high-rise residential buildings. Unlike conventional methods, which treat such a task as an optimization problem, we approach it as an adaption problem to be solved by combining a self-organized multi-agent system (MAS) and Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) algorithm. The approach involves two steps. The first is design constraints pre-processing, which comprises (a) initial user input, and (b) pre-processing for initial setup. The second is building plan generation, involving (a) perception, (b) planning, and (c) action modules. Multiple illustrative examples are explored to verify the proposed generative design algorithm in terms of robustness, efficiency, and scale. We discover that the algorithm can handle complex combinations of input constraints (e.g., number of rooms, room areas, adjacency connections, and building boundaries) and generate plausible floorplans in a robust, efficient way that can be scaled up to bigger, more complex floorplan generative design problems. With proper adaptation, the algorithm can potentially be applied to other building types, such as office or hospital buildings.

New OpenSees material model for simulating reinforced concrete shear walls subjected to coupled axial tension and cyclic lateral loads

In high-rise buildings, reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls, particularly those forming part of coupled wall systems or core wall systems, may be subjected to coupled axial tension and cyclic lateral loads during strong seismic events. A new two-dimensional material model named the “Fixed Angle Model Considering Crack Sliding” (FAM-CS) was proposed for simulating the nonlinear behavior of RC walls subjected to axial tension and cyclic lateral loads. The proposed model was implemented in the OpenSees platform. Nonlinear constitutive models for shear aggregate interlock effects of concrete and dowel action of rebars were incorporated into the proposed model to represent the shear transfer mechanisms along concrete cracks. The proposed model was validated against the test data of six wall specimens subjected to coupled axial tension and cyclic lateral loads. The results indicated that the proposed model reasonably predicted the lateral strength capacity (an average error of 6.2 %) and the residual strength at the maximum drift loading (an average error of 12.3 %) of the specimens. For comparison, three other commonly used models, the Shear-Flexure Interaction Multiple-Vertical-Line-Element-Model, the multi-layer shell element model and the Cyclic Softened Membrane Model were adopted for the simulation of the specimens. Compared with the three existing OpenSees models, the newly implemented material model provided improved predictions of the wall hysteretic behavior with respect to lateral strength capacity, lateral strength degradation, pinching characteristics and cyclic stiffness degradation. In addition, the proposed model reasonably captured the localized failure pattern as well as the energy dissipation characteristics of the test specimens. Finally, a mesh sensitivity study was conducted to assess the robustness of the proposed model. The results revealed that the proposed model was robust regarding the lateral load-drift responses of RC walls, with a mesh size ranging from approximately one to three times the average crack spacing.

Traffic assignment optimization to improve urban air quality with the unified finite-volume physics-informed neural network

Emissions by road transportation constitute the major contributor of air pollutants to threat the public health, especially on mega cities with high-rise buildings and growing population. A practicable and economical remedy is assigning the traffic volume judiciously, termed traffic assignment optimization (TAO). Incorporating the computational fluid dynamics (CFD), this method provides precisely optimized traffic volumes under versatile meteorological conditions. However, the high-dimensional degree of freedoms (DoF) involved in CFD hampers its further application toward the large-scale problem where a massive urban area is considered. With the more complicated urban traffic network, the larger decision variable dimension also impedes the time-efficient acquisition of the optimization results. To alleviate this curse-of-dimensionality, the current work proposes an optimization framework with the surrogate model based on the unified finite-volume physics-informed neural networks (UFV-PINN). The UFV-PINN plays the dual role as the partial differential equation (PDE) solver and the surrogate model for pollutant concentration prediction. It reduces the DoF within the PDE solution process and enables the gradient-based optimization. The current work optimizes the average CO concentration and accumulative travel time in Kowloon peninsula of Hong Kong, using the multiple-gradient descent algorithm (MGDA). This optimization framework is tested with various working conditions. Results indicate that the proposed method attain high accuracy solutions, comparable to the heuristic algorithms. This study is the first attempt to incorporate UFV-PINN into the TAO with air quality consideration. Endowed with the differentiability by UFV-PINN, the framework will facilitate the TAO to provide precise suggestions toward large-scale problems.

Developing a Scenario-Based Optimization Model for Planning Risks in Construction Projects by Integrating a Decision Support System with Bayesian Belief Network Analysis Approach: A Case Study in High-Rise Buildings

Developing a Scenario-Based Optimization Model for Planning Risks in Construction Projects by Integrating a Decision Support System with Bayesian Belief Network Analysis Approach: A Case Study in High-Rise Buildings

Experimental behavior of connection between composite columns and reinforced concrete flat slab

The combination of concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns and reinforced concrete flat slabs provides a suitable structural solution that can be used to replace traditional structures in high-rise buildings. The connection between the CFST column and the RC flat slab is an important factor for this construction system to operate efficiently. In this study, a new form for the connection between the CFST column and the RC flat slab has been proposed. This connection has more constructability, where the steel tube is cut at the level of the slab to prevent the separation between the slab and the concrete inside the steel tube as the slab reinforcement is allowed to continue in the connection zone. The joint zone is strengthened with rebar rings to compensate for the loss in confinement caused by cutting the steel tube at the slab level. In addition to using longitudinal rebar in the joint zone to bear part of the vertical load and to ensure bending rigidity. The behavior of the proposed connection was investigated by testing three sets of small-sized samples. In addition, an equation based on the outcomes of the second set of tests has been carried out to determine the joint bearing capacity for the vertical load.

Investigation of the wind loads and flow patterns of a high-rise building under twisted wind flows based on LES

The twisted wind effect has attracted increasing attention among scholars due to its significant influence on the wind loads and wind induced responses of high-rise buildings. Nowadays, it is still challenging to simulate twisted wind flows (TWFs) with larger wind twist angles (WTAs) in the wind tunnel test. Compared to wind tunnel test limitations, the large eddy simulation (LES) offers an effective tool to simulate a broader WTA range. Several state-of-the-art numerical studies have generated TWFs that rely on multiple velocity inflow boundary (MVIB), but it results in vast computational domains and substantial abnormal pressure fluctuations. This paper proposes a single velocity inflow boundary (SVIB) method for modeling TWFs, which can significantly reduce the computational domain size without losing accuracy. Based on the SVIB method, we simulate TWFs with four WTAs (i.e., 0°, 25°, 35°, 45°) and conduct a comprehensive analysis of the influence of WTA and wind direction angle on both the wind load characteristics of and the flow patterns around a high-rise building. The results show that the TWFs will twist the vortex topology and trajectory, and the maximum extreme local resultant force coefficient under 35TWF is larger than that under SWF by around 10 %. The positive and negative wind pressures can simultaneously occur on a special surface at large WTAs (e.g., 35°, 45°), which may impose significant shear forces on the intermediate layers. The wind veering effect enhances the contribution of vortex shedding to the longitudinal fluctuating wind loads and the influence of incoming turbulence on lateral fluctuating wind loads. This study contributes to providing a more effective LES method to simulate TWFs with large WTAs and to reveal the effect of large WTA on the wind load characteristics of high-rise buildings under TWFs and the underlying flow mechanism, which is beneficial to the future wind-resistant design of skyscrapers.

Integrating vertical farm into low-carbon high-rise building in high-density context: A design case study in Hong Kong

Today's world faces multiple challenges, including climate change, biodiversity loss, and food security. In addition, in the post-pandemic era, there is an urgent need to re-design urban habitats to reduce the epidemic's enduring impacts and reconnect citizens with healthy community activities. As a city with the top population density level in the world, Hong Kong is home to many high-rise communities. This article took the architectural design competition “Green Tower Hong Kong” as an entry point to discuss the technical feasibility and design strategies of integrating high-rise residential buildings with urban agriculture to improve urban food security, enhance on-site solar energy utilization, and develop a sustainable residential environment conducive to low-carbon living and working. The issue of how to improve the dietary structure of Hong Kong residents and reconnect them through space design was focused. Finally, taking the site of Kwun Tong Center as the case study, a resilient residential high-rise building integrated with shared gardens and greenhouses was proposed with a technical-oriented methodology and optimization framework. The final design of mixed-use buildings can provide apartments for 2500 individuals, produce 340,750 kg of vegetables with 156 % self-sufficiency, and generate electricity of 1,080,000 kWh annually. This paper examines strategies for integrating urban agriculture into high-rise residential buildings in high-density urban environments. It proposes a technology-based design optimization method, offering a reference for future explorations of low-carbon, resilient communities.

Seismic loss assessment of direct-DBD platform-type cross-laminated timber shear wall systems using FEMA P-58 methodology

An efficient design method should provide practitioners with a means for sizing timber buildings to meet specific performance levels against estimated earthquake intensities. Displacement and energy design considerations in force-based design (FBD) procedures are not as precise as intended in complex systems, such as mid- to high-rise timber buildings. The main aim of this study is to tailor the direct displacement-based design (D-DBD) classical framework to platform-type cross-laminated timber (CLT) shear wall structural systems and validate their performance for low-rise to high-rise timber mixed-use buildings. A comparison with results obtained via the FBD analyses is also provided. To this end, timber buildings with heights of 4, 8 and 12 stories are designed via the D-DBD and FBD methods. The seismic performance of platform-type CLT wall buildings is assessed in terms of the repair cost, repair time and casualty rate using FEMA P-58 methodology. The seismic response of CLT shear walls shows that the FBD method may lead to an expensive overdesign, especially in high-rise platform-type CLT walls. Conversely, the D-DBD method develops structural systems which can sustain a comparable level of damage from low- to high-rise platform-type CLT walls. Although the seismic loss assessment of buildings shows slightly better performance for the FBD method than the D-DBD method, it is worth noting that the D-DBD method does not lead to an unsafe building. Consequently, the D-DBD method sounds like a proper alternative approach for designing the CLT shear walls to achieve target performance levels without requiring a premium upfront cost.

Investigation of Surface Urban Heat Island by High-Rise Buildings: Istanbul Levent Region

Although there are studies on urban climate, studies on the effects of skyscrapers in these areas are quite limited. This study aims to determine the impact of skyscrapers on the formation of surface urban heat islands (SUHIs). Accordingly, an area within a radius of one kilometer, centered on the skyscraper region in Levent, Istanbul, was selected as the study area. This area was chosen because it shows three different urban textures. Daytime land surface temperature (LST) maps were created from Landsat TM 5 images from 1990 and 2009, and Landsat 8 (OLI-TIRS) images from 2021. Then, the differences in LST between the three years were calculated to investigate the changes in LST in different urban textures. The results of the study show a low increase in LST in the skyscraper area (2.7 °C) when looking at the 1990-2021 LST difference, while an increase in LST is observed toward the region where construction is low in density (6.9 °C) and the area with unplanned development (10.1 °C). The factors causing the formation of SUHI in different urban textures will be discussed with the findings of this study.

Design for excellence (DfX) for high-rise modular buildings: from DfX considerations to module design guidelines using the case of Hong Kong

ABSTRACT Design for excellence (DfX) presents a significant opportunity for early design to ensure the efficiency and buildability of high-rise modular buildings and realize their multidimensional benefits. Previous DfX contributions have primarily concentrated on its conception, offering various considerations from downstream construction stakeholders. Little research has integrated and transformed them into more practical, ready-to-use guidelines for upstream design professionals. This research, therefore, aims to incorporate prevailing piecemeal DfX considerations and establish module design guidelines. The guidelines were initially developed based on prior literature and case study, and their alignment with existing practices was subsequently tested. They recommend 1) a simplified rectangular module shape, 2) suggested module size, 3) standardized space across projects, and 4) dimensional coordination among modules and spaces. By utilizing them to analyze 39 high-rise module designs in Hong Kong, the results reveal some similarities between the proposed guidelines and real-world practices, affirming their concurrent validity and creating warrant assertions. This research bridges the knowledge gap between upstream and downstream practitioners, offers transformed DfX knowledge to systematically guide future implementations, and finally explains changes in architectural design. Future studies are advised to fine-tune the guidelines and incorporate findings with computational technologies to enhance generative DfX.

Reusable rate of wooden structural members and its optimization determined by application programming interface (API)

ABSTRACT Carbon is stored within the structure of wood; however, burnt or landfilled wooden components releases carbon back into the atmosphere. Increasing the reusability rate of wooden components potentially prolongs carbon storage in wood. This study investigated the reusability rate of wooden brace members from a high-rise wooden building by using an application programming interface (API) integrated with Revit. This study demonstrated a method for improving the reusability rate by optimizing the brace cross-sections. The API assists designers in determining the reusability rate early in the design process by computing and representing reusability rates based on the designated converted members. Optimization enhanced the reusability of specific sections, with a reusability rate of approximately 80% achieved for the optimized cross-section area of 28.0 × 51.6 cm2 compared with 62% for the benchmark cross-section area of 38 × 38 cm2. Additionally, a preliminary structural assessment of the optimized wooden brace sections was conducted, which confirmed that the optimization did not affect the structural integrity. Consequently, selecting optimized wooden brace sections with high reusability rates by using the API extends the service life of wood and prolongs carbon sequestration, thereby mitigating carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere.

A simplified approach for judging and evaluating the contribution of higher-order modes to the wind-induced acceleration of high-rise buildings

Acceleration is the control parameter for the occupant comfort, often solved in the frequency domain with modal decomposition. In general, the first-order mode response is adopted to represent the total acceleration in practice. However, considering only the first-order mode has been demonstrated to yield underestimated results up to 20 %, while no exact criterion exists to determine whether higher-order modes require to be considered or not. Hence, underlying factors, like the structural natural frequencies, the excitation dominant frequencies, and the distributions of building masses/stiffness, which may significantly affect the contribution of higher-order modes to the acceleration, are analyzed first. Notably, the ratio of the natural frequency of the higher-order mode to that of the first-order mode plays a decisive role in the contribution of the higher-order mode's acceleration. Moreover, the third-order and beyond modes can be largely disregarded. Subsequently, an empirical approach is introduced to determine the need for considering high-order modes. Finally, a simplified formula for estimating acceleration response in the frequency domain is derived to consider second-order modal response. This study provides a method for determining the contribution of higher-order vibration modes to acceleration and a simplified formula to consider the higher-order modal response.

The cooling effect of trees in high-rise building complexes in relation to spatial distance from buildings

Street trees are vital in mitigating urban heat islands, with their cooling effect significantly influenced by the urban layout. Past studies explored how urban canyon characteristics—aspect ratio, building coverage—affect tree cooling, yet seldom analyzed the impact of distance between trees and buildings. Addressing this, our study evaluates tree cooling effects concerning their proximity to shaded and sunlit walls. The findings highlight that cooling effectiveness varies with the ratio of distance from the shaded wall to building height (Dsha:H), peaking within a ratio range of 0.55 to 0.7. Below a ratio of 0.3, effectiveness decreases to 9–29 %, emphasizing the importance of strategic planting distances. The result shows that when planted at an optimal distance from buildings, small trees can produce similar radiation mitigation effects to those of larger trees. This discovery advocates for thoughtful tree placement in high-density areas, optimally leveraging their shade and evapotranspiration benefits. The study provides actionable insights for urban planners and landscape architects, suggesting that careful consideration of tree placement relative to building shadows can significantly improve urban climates, offering a strategic approach to deploying green infrastructure in high-rise complexes for enhanced climate resilience.

Intelligent evaluation of interference effects between tall buildings based on wind tunnel experiments and explainable machine learning

The interference effects of taller high-rise buildings significantly impact the nearby shorter high-rise buildings in dense urban areas, potentially leading to severe wind-induced disasters. This study aims to develop a universal intelligent assessment method to predict the aerodynamic forces and wind-induced responses of buildings, considering various interfering and coupling factors. A database containing 61440 samples is established through a series of synchronous pressure measurement wind tunnel tests. The aerodynamic forces and wind-induced responses were predicted using six machine learning models under varying wind fields, interfering building locations, interfering building sizes, and dynamic characteristics of the principal building. The performance of the models was enhanced through Bayesian hyperparameter optimization and evaluated using the R2 and NRMSE. Additionally, the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) method was applied to evaluate the impact of each factor on the aerodynamic force and wind-induced response coefficients. Eight specific cases were examined using local SHAP explanations to explore the influence of seven input variables on maximum wind-induced response coefficients. Results indicated that the XGB model exhibited superior predictive performance, with R2 exceeding 0.99 in both training and testing sets. The SHAP analysis revealed significant impacts from wind direction angle, reduced wind speed, and damping ratio on wind-induced response. Consequently, irrelevant or minimally impactful input variables were removed from the XGB models. The R2 and NRMSE variation rate with reduced inputs for the optimized XGB model was less than 0.45 %. The graphical user interface (GUI) was designed can effectively guide intelligent urban planning and building design.

Investigation of interfacial debonding identification for concrete filled steel tube columns based on acoustic signals

A method was proposed to address challenges in detecting debonding in concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) columns by analyzing acoustic signals. In this approach, wavelet time-frequency diagrams are initially derived through the application of continuous wavelet transform to acoustic signals acquired from tapping on columns. The wavelet time-frequency diagrams serve as data samples for training the MobileNetv2 convolutional neural network model in order to identify concrete debonding. The laboratory test results show that the MobileNetv2 model achieved 100 % accuracy for both the training and verification sets, and 99 % accuracy for the test set. Four CFST columns in a high-rise building under construction were also measured. The findings indicate a recognition accuracy ranging from 86.7 % to 90 % and an error rate that falls within an acceptable range. These results confirm the viability of the method outlined in this paper for detecting debonding in CFST columns using acoustic signals.

Multi-scale experimental study on properties of compressed air foam and pressure drop in the long-distance vertical pipe

Compressed air foam has been gradually applied in super high-rise buildings due to its high extinguishing efficiency and great transportation ability. However, the transport characteristics of compressed air foam are unclear because the foam is a complex gas-liquid two-phase fluid. In this study, multi-scale experiments were conducted to investigate the foam properties of compressed air foam and pressure drop in the long-distance vertical pipe. The results show that the foam is compressed as a whole when pressure increases, resulting in a significantly increased foam density. At higher pressures, the bubble coarsening degree decreases, accompanied by a narrower particle size distribution and an increased foam size homogenization. Moreover, a critical pressure phenomenon is observed in foams with different foam expansion ratios. The average foam diameter stabilizes gradually with pressure changes after exceeding the critical pressure. A theoretical model for foam density is developed, considering various pressures, temperatures and foam expansion ratios. When the compressed air foam is transported in the vertical long-distance pipe, the pressure decreases in a slightly downward curve, which is due to the decrease in foam density. Finally, a prediction model for the pressure drop of compressed air foam in the long-distance vertical pipe is proposed, which considers changes in foam density. The accuracy of the prediction model is verified by the multi-scale experimental results. The results deepen the understanding of foam flow in the long-distance vertical pipe and provide useful guidance for applications of compressed air foam in super high-rise buildings.

A self-centering multilevel rocking wall-frame system for mitigating seismic damage in precast concrete buildings

In order to improve seismic resilience and reparability of precast concrete buildings, different forms of rocking wall building systems have been proposed in recent decades. The base-rocking single wall-panel system incurs limited damage under lateral loading, but it experiences high floor acceleration and storey forces for mid- and high-rise buildings due to the effect of higher vibration modes. A multiple-rocking wall system has been proposed to reduce the effect of higher modes in storey forces, but this system leads to larger drifts, thereby increasing the damage to drift-sensitive non-structural elements. To overcome these limitations, the present study proposes a Self-centering Multilevel Rocking Wall-frame (SMRW) system that simultaneously reduces all forms of seismic demands. The SMRW system consists of multiple small rocking wall units, semi-rigid horizontal precast concrete panels and post-tensioned base-rocking boundary columns at each floor level. To enhance the energy dissipation capacity of the proposed system, external tension-compression yield steel dampers are provided across each rocking interface. Superior seismic behaviour of the proposed SMRW system is validated by comparing the seismic performance of 3, 9, 15 and 21-storey building models with the proposed SMRW system together with the base-rocking, multiple-rocking and conventional cantilever structural wall systems. For this purpose, nonlinear static and dynamic (time-history) numerical analyses are conducted on the building models using finite-element and fiber-element modelling, which are validated using experimental results. As the numerical results demonstrate, the proposed SMRW system, while being a low-damage system, can simultaneously mitigate the inter-storey drift, floor acceleration and storey forces/moments compared to other systems. Therefore, the proposed SMRW system can significantly reduce seismic damage to a building’s structural and non-structural elements, and can offer a truly low-damage option for mid and high-rise buildings in seismic regions.

A Vibration and Crack Assessment on Precast Pre-stressed Hollow-Core Floor

Hollow core concrete floors are usually used in high-rise buildings, shopping malls and parking garages due to their sustainability advantage in the construction industry. However, in certain conditions, hollow core concrete floors can be sensitive towards vibration due to long span. The floor vibration issue is crucial and must be managed properly during the building design phase, as addressing this issue becomes significantly more challenging after the structure has been constructed completely. Thus, this study aims to determine the vibration and crack behaviour of precast hollow core concrete floors. 3D finite element models of the floor were developed using SAP2000 software to obtain the vibration parameters of the hollow core concrete floor subjected to vehicle-induced vibration. The specifications of the floor materials are based on the hollow core concrete floor manufacturer, Eastern Pretech, and the acceleration time history from testing was applied to the analysis. Modal analysis and time history analysis were analysed to investigate the vibration behaviour of the hollow core concrete floor. Modal analysis revealed a fundamental frequency of 23.52 Hz for the floor with actual dimensions. The fundamental frequency of the floor was compared to the standard guideline for human vibration sensitivity, which is 10 Hz. Time history analysis was employed to assess floor deformation based on the vibration waves generated by vehicle movement on the floor.The crack assessment analysis on concrete topping of precast hollow core slab in the warehouse flooring system was carried out. The cracks that appeared on the concrete topping were investigated using vibration testing and finite element analysis. Acceleration data from the damaged area was captured and transformed into the frequency domain using ME’Scope to analyse the natural frequency behaviour. The preliminary finite element analysis was performed by SAP 2000 software. Normal attenuation was observed on the surface with a crack at 50 mm, as the pattern of the time series data at this location was similar to other sensor positions. Analysis of the frequency domain of the wave confirmed this observation, revealing a dominant frequency of 23.741 Hz and no abnormal event occurred during testingon the surface crack.