Highest Total Phenolic Values Research Articles

Quality Parameters of Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) as Affected by Grafting, Spacing and Fertigation Levels

A study was conducted to find out the effect of grafting, plant spacing and fertigation levels on eggplant fruit quality parameters. Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) F1 hybrid COBH 2 was grafted on Solanum torvum. The obtained grafts were evaluated in a strip plot design with four spacing levels (S1: 1 m x 1m, S2: 2 m x 1 m, S3: 1.5 m x 1.5 m and S4: 0.6 m x 0.6 m) and three fertigation levels, F1: 75 % RDF (Recommended Dose of Fertilizer), F2: 100 % RDF and F3: 125 % RDF, and four replications. After six months, the plants were pruned to obtain the ratoon crop which lasted four months. Seedlings (not grafted) were planted in first season for comparison with main crop of grafts. The data for dry matter, protein, ascorbic acid, total phenols and solasodine contents in eggplant's fruits were recorded and the analysis of variance was performed while t-test was conducted to compare grafts and seedlings. The results indicated that apart from solasodine content, with an average of 0.029 %, other quality parameters were significantly affected by spacing and fertigation levels; while grafting did not have any significant effect. Application of 100 per cent RDF and 125 per cent RDF were on par, with the highest dry matter (9.24 and 9.21 per cent), protein (15.61 mg g-1 and 15.25 mg g-1) and ascorbic acid (16.60 and16.62 mg g-100), respectively. The 100 per cent RDF recorded the highest value of total phenols (1.82 mg g-1).

Antibacterial and Phytochemical studies of three Acanthaceae species used in Burkina Faso traditional medicine

New and innovative antibacterial drugs research from plants is a best strategy to overcome the world problem about bacterial diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in-vitro antibacterial activity and the phytochemical profile of various extracts from Hygrophila auriculata (Schumach.) Heine, Nelsonia canescens (Lam) Spreng and Peristrophe bicalyculata (Retz.) Nees; three acanthaceae species widely used in folk medicine of Burkina Faso. The inhibition diameter determination of the eleven bacteria strains and the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of the plants extracts and fractions were evaluated using standards methods. All extracts were also evaluated for their phenolic contents. The results showed that all extracts and fractions exhibited good bacteria inhibition and have a wealth of phenolic compounds. Comparing the MIC of extracts and fractions, E. coli (CPI: 105182) strain was best inhibited and N. canescens butanol fraction presented the best activity. As regard phytochemical profile, highest values of total phenolics, total flavonoids, total flavonols and total tannins were obtained with N. canescens fractions. The results could justify the traditional used of these species against infectious diseases. This study shows that these three medicinal plants and especially N. canescens are good candidate for isolate new et innovative antibacterial compounds.

Phenolic compounds, antiradical activity and antioxidant capacity of oil-bearing rose (Rosa damascena Mill.) extracts

The main target in the study was to determine total phenolic content by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, total flavanols by the DMAC method, total flavonols with Neu's reagent solution, antiradical activity by the DPPH method, antioxidant capacity by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method and phenolic compounds by HPLC system were analyzed and measured in the extracts from the fresh and spent flowers, and green leaves of oil-bearing-rose (Rosa damascena Mill.). After drying and powdering of the samples, hot and cold extractions with methanol were made. While hot extractions gave more extract yields, cold extractions gave more total phenolic, flavanol and flavonol contents. The highest values of total phenolics were obtained from the hot and cold methanolic extractions of leaf with 478.34 and 530.40mgGAE/g, respectively. The relative concentrations of the various phenolic compounds were not noteworthy influenced by the extraction methods. Gallic acid in the fresh and spent flower extracts, and (+)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin in the leaf extract were the most abundant phenolic compounds. Leaf extracts exhibited more antiradical activity at concentration of 50μg/ml even better than from synthetic antioxidants as Trolox, BHA and BHT. The leaf cold extractions had also the strongest antioxidant properties when measured with the absorbance was measured at 700nm as 1.43 and 1.72 at the concentrations of 100 and 150μg/ml, respectively. The strongest antioxidant properties measured with the FRAP assay had leaf cold extractions as 1.43 and 1.72μg/ml at the concentrations of 100 and 150μg/ml, respectively. As a conclusion, these results indicate that oil-bearing rose by-products, a large scale wastes, can be evaluated for natural antioxidant sources.

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF ORGANIC GRAPES

Studies on antioxidative activities of fruits have focused mainly on grapes, which have been reported to inhibit oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) at a level comparable to wine. With regard to consumer attitude on the health benefits of the product, organic grapes were selected for study. Organic grapes of Vitis vinifera origin var. Semillon, Columbard, Cabernet sauvignon, Merlot, Grenache and Carignan produced under the control of International Nutrition and Agriculture Certification Company in Kemalpasa/Ulucak were studied. The order of grape varieties concerning grape cluster, stem and number (100) values from the highest to the lowest was determined as: Semillon > Merlot > Cabernet sauvignon > Carignan > Columbard > Grenache. Positive correlation was determined between antioxidant activities (AOA) and total phenols (r = 0.845; P = 0.034). The highest AOA were determined in Merlot (86.55%) and Cabernet sauvignon (83.60%) varieties. Considering LDL, low-density lipoprotein-diene values for Cabernet sauvignon and Merlot varieties were 82.73 and 65.48%, respectively. The values of low-density lipoprotein-malondialdehyde were different, with the highest percentage found for Semillon (80%). The highest value of total phenols was found in Merlot (4,200 mg/L gallic acid equivalents) variety. Evaluating all analyzed parameters, principal component analysis results demonstrated the similarities between Carignan and Grenache, between Merlot and Cabernet sauvignon and between Columbard and Semillon grape varieties.