High Significant Positive Correlation Research Articles

Evaluation Of Some Biochemical Parameters In Patients With Breast Cancer In Basrah Governorate

Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed life-threatening cancer in women and the leading cause of cancer death among women. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women . In Iraq, breast cancer is the commonest type of female malignancy, ac-counting for approximately one-third of the registered female cancers according to the latest Iraqi Cancer Registry. In this study, patients and volunteers from Basrah Governorate (southern Iraq) participated. A total of fifty five participants were subdivided into two groups, breast cancer patients 35 aged (20-60) years, and 20 healthy individuals (control group) aged (20-60) years. Serum levels of Estrogen , Progesterone , glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase , immunoglobulinG , immunoglobulinM and cancer antigen 15-3 were measured by standard methods. The study reported that Progesterone and IgG were statistically significant (p˂0.05) in patients with breast cancer compared to healthy control . Estrogen, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were statistically very high significant (p ≤0.0001) in patients with breast cancer compared to healthy control .There was very high significant positive correlation between estrogen and IgM (p ≤0.0001) .

The Use of Generative AI in Learning and Its Influence on Students’ Academic Engagement in Noveleta Senior High School

The conducted study entitled The Use of Generative AI in Learning and Its Influence on Students’ Academic Engagement in Noveleta Senior High School seeks to provide insights on the relationship between the use of generative AI in learning and students’ academic engagement. A sequential-explanatory mixed-method research design is applied in the study to supply in-depth enlightenment, discussion, and investigation of the evaluated and correlated variables. Eighty-seven (87) respondents served as participants for the quantitative phase of the study, and ten (10) interviewees for the qualitative phase. The respondents were selected using Convenience Sampling, a non-probability sampling technique. Findings showed that use of generative AI has positively affected students' academic engagement and it improved their learning environment. On the other hand, generative AI has been a great aid in enhancing students' learning and engagement. Using Pearson R- Correlation, the researcher found that there is a significant high positive correlation between use of generative AI and students' academic engagement (r (87) = .765, p < 0.00001), while it has a good effect on their academic engagement. Generative AI has also made students lazier and more reliant on it which bears a lot of risk especially in academics. The duality of generative AI has been evident to the respondents of the study.

The effect of music played to new birth mothers on postpartum blues: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundPostpartum blues/postpartum maternal blues is a psychological disorder experienced by mothers with symptoms of postpartum sadness, easy crying, easy anxiety, sensitivity, indecisiveness. The study aimed to examine the effect of music played on newly delivered mothers on postpartum blues. MethodsA prospective, two-arm, randomized controlled study was conducted on n = 82 (41 = control, 41 = music group) mothers who gave birth at term in Trakya University Health Research and Application Center Maternity Service between May and December 2023. The research data were collected through the Personal Information Form, Stein Blues Scale (SBS), and Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS). The scales used in the study were evaluated four times: postoperative 0–3 h, 12th, 24th, and 36th hours. ResultsThe postoperative 0–3 h SBS test median of the new mothers in the music group was 19.00, and the 36th hours test median was 2.00, while the postoperative 0–3 h SBS test median of the control group was 21.00, and the 36th hour test median was 13.00. The postoperative 0–3 h EPDS test median of the new mothers in the music group was 22.00, and the 36th hours test median was 0.00, while the postoperative 0–3 h EPDS test median of the control group was 26.00, and the 36th hours test median was 10.00. A significant difference was found in the 12th, 24th, and 36th hours (p < .001). A statistically significant high positive correlation was found between EPDS and SBS in the 12th, 24th, and 36th hours (p < .001). ConclusionsIn the study, it was found that music played to newly delivered mothers reduced postpartum blues and depression levels. RegistrationThe submission date for a clinical trial protocol is prior to completing participant recruitment and for a systematic review, prior to completing full paper screening. NCT06252155

Genetic variability and association study of SSR markers for yield and powdery mildew disease in pea (Pisum sativum)

Makhyatmubi, one of the most popular local varieties of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) in Manipur has morpho- physiological bottlenecks such as tall nature and high susceptibility to fungus Erysiphe pisi causing powdery mildew disease. Therefore, an experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 2018–19 and 2020–21 at College of Post-Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences (Central Agricultural University, Imphal, Manipur), Umiam, Meghalaya to generate genetic variability by hybridization of Makhyatmubi with Prakash variety which is a well-known powdery mildew resistant variety in India and possesses several contrasting characters. Fruitful heterosis was estimated with highest record in number of pods per plant (114.75%) and seed yield per plant (108.04%). These two characters also showed high PCV, GCV, heritability and GAM. Number of pods per plant (0.95) was found to have highest positive significant correlation with seed yield per plant. MP-5 and MP-119 recorded superior performance in several characters under study. For the association study of simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers, easily scorable polymorphic markers were selected for surveying association with the traits. Results revealed that SSR marker AA122 may be associated with seed yield and number of pods per plant while marker AA136 with number of seeds per pod. A5 marker was found to be associated with the powdery mildew disease. Hence, it can be employed for marker assisted selection (MAS) to identify and select pea genotypes exhibit resistance to powdery mildew disease.

Estimation of soil health in the semi‑arid regions of northwestern Iran using digital elevation model and remote sensing data.

Nowadays, neglecting soil conservation issues is one of the most critical factors in reducing soil health (SH). In this regard, to facilitate the estimation of the SH in northwestern Iran, 292 soil samples were taken from a depth of 0-30cm of this area, and a wide range of soil properties were determined. Then, soil health indices (SHIs) were calculated. Simultaneously, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), surface water capacity index (SWCI), and a digital elevation model (DEM) were obtained from satellite data. Finally, multiple linear regression (MLR) relationships between these parameters and SHIs were calculated. In this study, there was a highest significant positive correlation (P < 0.01) between IHI-LTDS and SWCI (0.71**), DEM (0.76**), and NDVI (0.73**). The MLR, with both the whole total (TDS) and minimal (MDS) dataset methods, which includes the aforementioned indices, strongly described the spatial variability of the Integrated Soil Health Index (IHI) (R2 = 0.78, AIC = - 416, RMSE = 0.05, and ρc = 0.76). According to the results of this study, it can be said that the development of SH estimation models using remote sensing extracted parameters can be one of the effective ways to reduce the cost and time of soil sampling in extensive areas.

Correlation study in growth parameters of Pongamia (Pongamia pinnata) and physiological parameters of black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) in agroforestry system

The present investigation was conducted to study the tree crop interaction considering the Pongamia (Pongamiapinnata) tree morphological characteristics and physiological parameters of black gram (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) inagroforestry system. The experiment was conducted during kharif 2019-20 and 2020-21 in "T" block, Agroforestryexperimental fields of University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad campus which is located at 15° 26' North latitude and75° 0' East longitude, with an elevation (altitude) of 678 m above mean sea level. Pongamia pinnata provenance's growthand volume observations were recorded. They included tree height, tree girth, canopy cover and number of branches etc.Two years pooled data recorded maximum values in treatment (T1) RAK-1 (Rahuri Karanja-1) + black gram followed by(T9) RAK-9 + black gram which is on par with (T6) RAK-7 + black gram. Lowest values recorded in (T8) RAK-9 + blackgram which is on par with (T4) RAK-4 + black gram. Whereas the growth parameters of black gram like leaf area duration(LAD), absolute growth rate (AGR), crop growth rate (CGR) and dry matter accumulation recorded under Pongamiaprovenances which showed opposite trend because of the fluctuations of light and mutual shading of the crops within or inbetween rows, frequent overcast due to clouds as a common phenomenon during tropical and sub-tropical monsoonscausing regular fluctuation of sunlight. The treatment (T11) sole crop showed the maximum value, followed by (T8) RAK-9 + black gram and (T4) RAK4 + black gram and lowest value was recorded at (T1) RAK-1 + black gram treatment. Solelegumes recorded maximum AGR. CGR, LAD and dry matter accumulation were also found to have highest significantpositive correlation with seed yield.

Severity of muscle impairment and its progression assessed using musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tension imaging in 78 boys with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: a retrospective study

PurposeDuchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is the most common and severe form of muscular dystrophy. Current diagnostic tests like genetic testing, needle electromyography, and muscle biopsy are either not easily available or invasive, and they are impractical for assessing disease progression and treatment outcomes. Therefore, there is a need for a non-invasive and accurate investigative modality for DMD. In recent years, musculoskeletal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI-MSK) along with fractional anisotropy (FA) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have become major non-invasive tools.Material and methodsT1-weighted MRI-MSK and FA measures of DTI of 78 DMD patients were retrospectively studied to identify the distinct pattern of muscle involvement and fatty infiltration as age and/or disease progresses. Correlation analysis was performed between MRI-MSK grade score vs. age, muscle strength, and Vignos scale. Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used.ResultsAs age increased, the MRI grade score and Vignos score increased. There was a statistically significant high positive correlation between MRI-MSK grade score and age, and low positive correlation with Vignos scores. With increasing age, the muscle strength on manual muscle testing (MMT) and FA value decreased. There was high negative correlation with muscle strength on MMT and low positive correlation between FA values and MMT score.ConclusionsOn T1-weighted MRI, a distinct pattern, extent, and distribution of lower limb muscle involvement can be seen. MRI-MSK grade score worsens with progressing age, reducing strength, and increasing functional impairment. FA alone may not be an accurate marker in assessing progression of DMD. MRI-MSK and other DTI measures should be further explored as diagnostic and prognostic tools for DMD.

Association studies on Yield and Yield Components in Snap Melon (Cucumis Melo. Var. Momordica)

An experiment was carried out at Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to study the correlation analysis in snap melon. The study revealed that the traits fruit girth, fruit weight, number of primary branches, flesh thickness, number of female flowers per plant, fruit length, fruit girth, fruit weight, days to first harvest, number of fruits per plant, vine length, TSS, protein, carbohydrate, calcium, iron showed high positive significant correlation with fruit yield per plant. The traits such as days to first male flower appearance, node at which first female flower appearance and days to first harvest registered negative significant association with yield

Response of nine triticale genotypes to different salt concentrations at the germination and early seedling stages.

Salinity stress poses a major challenge to agricultural productivity worldwide, and understanding their responses at the early growth stage is vital for devising strategies to cope with this stress. Therefore, to improve triticale productivity, this study investigated the salinity stress tolerance of different salt-tolerant triticale genotypes aiming to cultivate them on saline soils. To this end, salinity stress impacts on nine triticale genotypes, i.e., Zhongsi 1084, Gannong No. 2, Gannong No. 4, Shida No. 1, C6, C16, C23, C25 and C36 at germination and early seedling stages was evaluated. Each genotype was subjected to six treatments inducing control, 40, 80, 120, 160, and 200 mM NaCl treatments to study their effect on seedling and termination traits of the nine genotypes. Compared to the overall mean seedling vigor index, the seedling vigor index was higher in the genotypes Zhongsi 1084 and C6 (39% and 18.1%, respectively) and lower in Gannong No.2 (41%). Increasing NaCl concentrations negatively affected germination and seedling traits. Compared to other genotypes, Zhongsi 1084 had the highest mean germination rate, germination vigor index, germination percentage, mean daily germination and germination energy. It also showed the lowest relative salt injury. The relative salt injury was higher in the genotype Shida No. 1 than those in Gannong No. 2, Gannong No. 4, Shida No. 1, C16, and C36 genotypes. All genotypes exhibited desirable mean germination time except for line C6. High significant positive correlations were observed among germination rate, germination vigor index, germination percentage, mean daily germination, seedling vigor index, and root length. Principal component analysis (PCA) grouped the most desirable genotypes into two clusters. Our study determined salt stress tolerance of nine triticale genotypes at germination and early seedling stages. to select salt-tolerant genotypes that can be cultivated on saline soil or after salt irrigation.

Chemical composition of rainwater at three sites in Kandy/Peradeniya, Sri Lanka, and its effect on air pollution

The composition of atmospheric precipitation, an important criterion considered to account for air pollution, is usually determined with respect to wet precipitation and dry precipitation, or as bulk deposition in combined form. Although rainwater quality should be continuously monitored in order to understand the extent of air pollution, such investigation lacks attention in Sri Lanka. This study was thus aimed to determine the composition of bulk deposition collected weekly for a period of eleven months from February to December 2019, in three sampling locations; namely the University of Peradeniya (UOP), Kandy City Central (KCC) and Polgolla. Parameters quantitatively determined, rainfall, pH, conductivity, salinity, total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness, anions: Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, F−, PO43− and trace metals: Zn, Fe, Al, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cr, using standard analytical methods indicated that the KCC site showed the overall highest degree of air pollution followed by UOP and Polgolla sites. Nevertheless, no acid rain occurrences were observed during the sampling period in any of the three sites according to pH measurements. Anions of bulk deposition showed the sequence Cl−> SO42− > NO3−in all three sites with Cl−and SO42- being dominant anions. Furthermore, trace metals of bulk deposition showed the sequence, Zn > Fe > Al > Mn > Cu > Pb, in all three sites. Bulk precipitation data analyzed using Pearson correlation showed high positive significant correlations between conductivity and salinity, conductivity and TDS, and salinity and TDS, among all water quality parameters. Among trace metals, the highest positive significant correlation was found to be between Fe and Mn at the UOP Site. The highest positive significant correlation was between Al and Zn at the KCC site. No correlation between trace metals was found at the Polgolla Site.

Studies on Genetic Variability, Correlation Analysis in Mithipagal (Momordica charantia var. muricata) Genotypes

The present investigation was carried out in Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore to study the “Genetic variability and correlation analysis in Mithipagal (Momordica charantia var. muricata) genotypes”. Observations on vine length, days to male flower inflorescence, days to female flower inflorescence, node of first male flower appearance, node of first female flower appearance, sex ratio, number of fruits per vine, fruit weight, fruit length, fruit girth, number of seeds per fruit, yield per vine, ascorbic acid, protein content, iron content and total soluble solids were recorded. Variability and correlation analysis among genotypes were examined. The results, showed that yield per plant had high positive and high significant correlation with fruit weight, fruit girth, number of seeds per fruit, vine length and fruit length. High genotypic co-efficients of variation (GCV) were found for fruit yield per vine, fruit weight, TSS, fruit length, vine length, fruit girth, node of first female flower, number of fruits per vine, number of seeds per fruit, iron, protein content when genetic characteristics were taken into account, However low GCV was found for days to the first male and female flowering. Phenotypic variants were always greater than genotypic variances. For traits such asyield per vine, fruit weight, TSS, fruit length, vine length, fruit girth, number of fruits per vine, number of. seeds per fruit, node of first male flower appearance, node of first female flower appearance, sex ratio, vitamin C, protein, iron content high heritability was found together with high genetic advance in percent of mean, indicating that these features are under additive gene control and hence selection for genetic improvement would be successful. Node of first male flower appearance showed low heritability combined with low genetic advance as a percentage of the mean indicating that non-additive gene effects were involved in the expression of this trait and hence selection for such a trait could not be beneficial. The knowledge of these statistical factors would be useful in identifying genotypes with greater yield potential that might be used in the improvement of mithipagal.

TEACHER`S SOCIAL EMOTIONAL HEALTH AND RESILIENCE IN SLOVAKIA AND LATVIA DURING DISTANCE LEARNING SITUATION

The article brings the research results of the teachers´ social-emotional health and resilience in Slovak Republic and in Latvia during distance learning situation. The sample consisted of 800 teachers, 400 teachers from each country, who completed Social-Emotional Health Survey-Teachers (SEHS-T) and Resilience Scale (RS) during months of May through July 2021. The research results showed the highest covitality level of Slovak teachers in comparison with Latvian teachers (p ˂.001, r = .36). There was found a big difference in covitality in the clue domain Belief in Self in favour of Slovak teachers (p ˂.001; r = .44), there were only average differences in other domains - Belief in Others, Emotional Competence, Engaged Living. Latvian teachers reached high scores in cognitive reappraisal and optimism (p ˂.001). There was statistical difference in the level of resilience between Slovak and Latvian samples (p ˂.001; r = .35). Slovak teachers scored higher. But the teacher’s resilience in both countries had moderate level. Significant positive strong correlation was found between resilience and covitality in Slovak teachers rs = .76** and in Latvian teachers rs = .66**. Significant high and moderate positive correlations were found also between resilience and covitality domains.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Inhalation Aromatherapy on Quality of Sleep and Fatigue among Elderly Residing in selected Old Age Homes of Kannur District.

The present study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of Inhalation Aromatherapy on quality of sleep and fatigue among elderly. The objectives of the study were to assess the level of quality of sleep and fatigue, evaluate the effectiveness of Inhalation Aromatherapy, correlate quality of sleep and fatigue, and find the association between quality of sleep and fatigue with demographic variables. Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was used for this study. Purposive sampling technique was used and 40 elderly people were taken from the Kripa Charitable Trust, Kannur. In pretest, Modified Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Fatigue Severity Scale were used for assessing the quality of sleep and fatigue. Investigator administered Inhalation Aromatherapy by applying one drop of lavender angustifolia essential oil on a piece of cotton and placed under the pillow at the night before sleep for a period of 5 days. Posttest was done on 6thday. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the findings of the study. The result revealed that the Mean Pretest MPSQI score (10.38) and the Mean Pretest FSS score (43.3) were significantly higher than the Mean Posttest MPSQI score (7.95) and the Mean PosttestFSSscore (40.8). Thecomputed ‘t’valuefor MPSQI was4.38 and FSS score was 2.99 (t39=1.685 at 0.05 level of significance). It indicated that there was a significant increase in the quality of sleep and decrease in level of fatigue after Inhalation Aromatherapy. There was a significant high positive correlation found between pretest quality of sleep and level of fatigue (r=0.849), and no association between quality of sleep and level of fatigue with demographic variables. The findings of the study interpreted that the practice of Inhalation Aromatherapyiseffective in improving the sleep quality and reducing fatigue among elderly residing in old age home.

Physicochemical Characteristics and Microstructure of Ancient and Common Wheat Grains Cultivated in Romania.

Different wheat species, common wheat (Triticum aestivum subsp. aestivum), spelt (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta) and einkorn (Triticum monococcum subsp. monococcum), were analyzed for physicochemical (moisture, ash, protein, wet gluten, lipid, starch, carbohydrates, test weight and thousand-kernel mass) and mineral elements (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn and Cu) concentrations in grains. Additionally, wheat grain microstructure was determined using a scanning electron microscope. SEM micrographs of wheat grains show that einkorn has smaller type A starch granule diameters and more compact protein bonds compared to common wheat and spelt grains, making it easier to digest. The ancient wheat grains presented higher values for ash, protein, wet gluten and lipid content compared to the common wheat grains, whereas the carbohydrates and starch content were significantly (p < 0.05) lower. The mean values showed that spelt (Triticum aestivum subsp. spelta) grains presented the highest values for Ca, Mg and K, while einkorn (Triticum monococcum subsp. monococcum) grains had the highest values for the microelements Zn, Mn and Cu. The highest values of Fe were recorded for common wheat varieties whereas no significant differences among the species were obtained for Na content. The principal component analysis (p > 0.05) between wheat flours characteristics showed a close association between wheat grain species and between the chemical characteristics of gluten and protein content (r = 0.994), lipid and ash content (r = 0.952) and starch and carbohydrate content (r = 0.927), for which high positive significant correlations (p < 0.05) were obtained. Taking into account that Romania is the fourth largest wheat producer at the European level, this study is of great global importance. According to the results obtained, the ancient species have higher nutritional value from the point of view of chemical compounds and macro elements of minerals. This may be of great importance for consumers who demand bakery products with high nutritional quality.

Performance Evaluation of an Improved HBsAg Assay (HBsAg NEXT) for the Detection of HBsAg Levels.

Objectives Detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) plays an important role in the screening and diagnosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. There is a need of highly sensitive assays with an improved lower limit of detection (LoD). Here, we evaluate the performance characteristics of the HBsAg NEXT (HBsAg new) assay in the detection of HBsAg in clinical samples. Materials and Methods This was a cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary care liver center in North India. The study included 439 clinical samples. The HBsAg new assay was compared to the conventional chemiluminescence-based assay (HBsAg old assay, Architect, Abbott Diagnostics, United States). The analytical sensitivity of the HBsAg new assay was evaluated by checking its performance with the second World Health Organization (WHO) international standards for HBsAg. Results Out of 439 blood samples that were retrieved from the departmental repository stored at -80°C, 100 samples were positive and 339 samples were negative for HBsAg as per the HBsAg old assay. The HBsAg new assay showed incremental detection of HBsAg in 11 additional samples. Out of these, 5 samples were confirmed as occult HBV infection and the remaining 6 were classified as "exposed-to-virus" samples (HBV core total antibody-positive). The HBsAg new assay demonstrated a high positive significant correlation with the HBsAg old assay ( r = 0.881, p -value < 0.001). The HBsAg new assay could effectively detect the second WHO international standards to the level of 0.0033 IU/mL. Conclusion The HBsAg NEXT assay is a highly sensitive assay with an improved lower LoD.

Physical and sensory properties of soy-based ice cream formulated with cold-pressed high oleic low linolenic soybean oil.

The effect of cold-pressed SOYLEIC™ soybean oil (SOYLEIC) on the physical and sensory properties of soy-based ice cream was compared to commercial vegetable oil (COM-VO), commercial high oleic soybean oil (COM-HO), and heavy cream (CREAM). Fat sources had no significant effect on viscosity and fat globule size distribution of ice cream mixes. Ice cream made with COM-VO had the lowest overrun (p <0.05) and higher degree of fat destabilization; however, no difference in hardness was found. Despite similar melting rate, the shape retention behavior during melting was different for SOYLEIC, COM-VO, and COM-HO compared to CREAM. No significant differences were found in texture attributes except mouth coating, which was higher for CREAM than COM-HO and SOYLEIC (p <0.05). There was no significant difference in flavor attributes between SOYLEIC and CREAM, while COM-VO and COM-HO had higher off-flavor intensities (p <0.05). Consumer acceptability results revealed that SOYLEIC and CREAM had significantly higher flavor liking and overall liking scores than COM-VO and COM-HO (p <0.05). SOYLEIC and CREAM also had higher texture liking than COM-VO (p <0.05). Overall, liking had the highest positive significant correlation with flavor liking (r=0.996). PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Cold-pressed HOLL soybean oil has the potential to be used in formulating plant-based frozen desserts with equivalent texture but more acceptable flavor.

Motivational Factors in the Research Competencies of Nursing Students

This research aimed to determine the relationship between motivational factors and investigative skills in nursing interns from a university degree program. It was a study of the hypothetical-deductive method, with a quantitative approach, of a basic type, of a non-experimental, descriptive, correlational design; there was a universe population of 236 nursing interns from a private university. The survey technique was applied for both variables, in addition there were 2 Likert-type questionnaires that were validated by 5 expert judges and with an Aiken V of a value of 1 being valid, and with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.928 for motivational factors and 0.988 for investigative skills. Therefore, they are reliable. The results indicated that the majority presented a high level of motivational factors with 59.2% (71) and with a high level of investigative skills with 87.5% (105); with a correlation of variables by Spearman’s Rho of Rho value = .944 and P = 0.003 between the variable’s motivational factors and investigative skills. It was concluded that there is a high significant positive correlation.

Eye-Tracker Study of the Developmental Eye Movement Test in Young People without Binocular Dysfunctions.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate ocular motility in normal young adults when performing the Developmental Eye Movement (DEM) test using an infrared eye-tracker in a sample of young subjects without visual dysfunctions. An optometric evaluation was carried out on 52 participants with a mean age of 21.00 ± 3.22 years to verify they did not have any binocular dysfunction, by completing a computerized version of the DEM test while their eye movements were recorded with an eye-tracker. A custom-written software was developed to analyse some specific parameters of ocular motility while performing each subtest (Test A, Test B and Test C) of the complete DEM test. The mean duration of the fixations was shorter in Test C (243.56 ± 46.18 s) than in Test A (493.52 ± 171.41 s) and Test B (484.20 ± 156.59 s). The mean adjusted horizontal (AdjHT: 35.24 ± 6.68 s) and vertical (VT: 33.58 ± 5.56 s) times were at the 45th and at the 40th percentile, respectively. In Test C, there was a high positive significant correlation between the saccadic speed (cc: 0.77; p < 0.001) and the saccadic length (cc: 0.74; p < 0.001) of both eyes. The eye-tracker is an objective method to evaluate the DEM test in subjects without binocular dysfunctions, measuring and quantifying ocular motility parameters that are impossible with the traditional subjective method. The eye movements of both eyes are conjugated in each subject, having saccades of the same length and speed.

Application of Trans-Theoretical Model on Diet Behavior Modification among Hypertensive Employee in Electrical Company

Background: Healthy diet behavior is one of the effective and modifiable factor for hypertension control. Aim of the study was conducted to evaluate the effect of application of trans-theoretical model on diet behavior modification among hypertensive employee in electrical Company. Design: A quasi-experimental design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at Benha Electrical Company in Benha City, Egypt. Sample: A purposive sample of 70 hypertensive employee in electrical company. Study instruments included two tools were used for data collection. The first: Structured interview questionnaire concerned with socio-demographic data and knowledge of employees about hypertension, Diet behavior modification and Trans theoretical model (TTM). The second: Trans- theoretical model of behavior changes questionnaire. Results: revealed that 14.3 % of studied sample had good knowledge pre TTM application compare to 81.4% of studied sample had good knowledge post TTM application for Diet behavior Knowledge. Besides, there was high significant positive correlation between total knowledge score and total score of stages of diet behavior changes (r = 0.76, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: The application of TTM of behavior change was control hypertension among hypertensive employee's was observed in decreasing measurement of blood pressure and increasing employees' self-efficacy, pros, experiential and behavioral processes of change while decreasing cons post application of TTM as compared to application of TTM. Recommendation: provide electrical company employees with web site for health information to improve their knowledge and diet behavior to control chronic diseases as hypertension

Effect of Expressed Emotion Management Program on Self Control and Social Adjustment among Substance Abusers

Background: Substance abuse is one of the major health and social problems that seriously impairs people's self-control and social adjustment. The study's goal was to assess the impact of an expressed emotion management programme on self-control and social adjustment in substance abusers. To achieve the study's goal, a quasi experimental design (pre and posttest) was used. The study was carried out at the Addiction Treatment Center and Addiction Clinic at the Psychiatric Mental Health Hospital in Benha City, Qalubia Governorate, which is affiliated with the general secretariat. Subjects: For this study, a convenience sample of 40 substance abusers was used. For data collection, three tools were used. To collect data, tool 1 was a structured interview questionnaire. was used to collect information about the studied sample's sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. To assess self-control, the Tool 2- Self Control Scale was used. To assess social adjustment, use Tool 3: Social Adjustment Scale. The study found that there was a significant improvement in self-control and social adjustment among substance abusers after the programme compared to before it, and there was a high significant statistical positive correlation between total self-control and total social adjustment among the studied subjects after programme implementation. Conclusion: The expressed emotion management programme had a positive effect on substance abusers' self-control and social adjustment. Recommendations: A self-control and social adjustment expressed emotion management programme should be implemented in addiction clinics and treatment centres For those who are addicted to drugs or alcohol.