Highest Cause Research Articles

Double fatal consequences of distance metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma after a completed chemoradiation in pregnancy: A case report.

Distant metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients is one of the reasons for the decreased life expectancy with the most common metastasis spreads are to the bone, liver, and lung. Hepatoma is the most frequent liver malignancy and is one of the highest causes of cancer death worldwide and this can be as a result of NPC metastasis. The aim of this case report was to present a patient with hepatoma in pregnancy as a result of NPC metastasis. A 34-year-old pregnant female at 24-25 weeks of gestation presented with a chief complaint of heartburn and unbearable pain radiating to the back. Previous medical history reported that the patient had a liver enlargement. The patient was G4P2A1 with a single living intrauterine fetus and active fetal movements. The patient has a history of NPC and received a completed chemoradiation one month prior to hospital admission. Physical examination showed bilateral rales and palpable diffuse multiple nodule masses in the upper right abdominal quadrant. Laboratory examination revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia, negative hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and elevated liver markers. Abdominal ultrasonography results showed multiple diffuse nodules in the liver. The patient was diagnosed with a metastatic hepatoma based on the clinical and imaging findings. During hospitalization, the patient repeatedly experienced pleural effusion with suspicion metastases. A few days later, the fetal movements stopped and the ultrasonography indicated negative fetal heart rate. After experiencing respiratory distress for hours, the patient expired the day after. This case highlights that due to the potential adverse effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the initiation of these therapies should be carefully decided to avoid adverse effects to mother and fetus.

Risk Factors Of Stroke: Literature Review

Background: Stroke is the most common cause of disease in the world and is the highest cause of death in Indonesia, so prevention is very important to minimise the incidence of stroke. The most appropriate effort to prevent stroke is to control stroke risk factors. The purpose of the literature review is to analyse the risk factors associated with stroke events in patients. Methods: The method used is a literature review using a journal database from Pubmed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar. In the 2019-2023 range, with the keywords "stroke, factors causing stroke", and stroke, 220 articles were obtained Results: Search for articles according to the criteria and obtain ten articles that are ready to be reviewed. These articles explain the risk factors for stroke. It is hoped that stroke patients will try to control stroke risk factors Conclusion: This literature review shows that the risk factors for stroke are increasing due to a history of diseases such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, age, gender, high cholesterol, obesity, lack of public knowledge about stroke and consumption of alcohol, smoking and drugs, including a lifestyle

Faktor Penyebab Terjadinya Perceraian di Pengadilan Agama Serang

Divorce is the final point of a marriage that is unable to achieve the noble goal of family happiness as expected by every married couple. This study aims to find out about the factors that cause divorce in the Serang Religious Court. To achieve these objectives, the researchers used descriptive research with a qualitative approach. Informants in this study were judges, junior clerks and Posbakum. Data collection was carried out using the method of observation, interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used is data reduction, data presentation and conclusion. Based on the research results, it was found that the highest causes of divorce in the Serang Religious Courts were (1) Continuous Quarrels and Disputes (47%), (2) Economics (36%), (3) Domestic Violence (12%), (4) Leaving one of the parties (5%), and the consequences of divorce are very broad and complex, because it is not only the divorced husband and wife who feel the consequences of the divorce but also the impact on children and wealth.

GERAKAN POJOK PROMKES REMAJA SEHAT DAN PRODUKTIF DALAM PENCEGAHAN PENYAKIT TIDAK MENULAR DI KELURAHAN LEGOK DANAU SIPIN KOTA JAMBI

Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) are the highest cause of death in Indonesia. The development of NCDs is increasing due to trends and shifts in disease patterns. Adolescents are at risk of developing NCDs due to risky behavior in unhealthy living habits, such as smoking, alcohol, drugs, unhealthy reproduction and eating patterns, and lack of physical activity. Mitra Ayu District Health Center's priority problem is the high number of NCDs such as hypertension, diabetes mellitus, cholesterol and high blood pressure. Partner location data includes teenagers who use drugs, smoke, drink alcohol and marry early. The aim of community service is to increase teenagers' knowledge using poster media containing health material which is stored in a QR barcode link, posted in public places such as schools, village heads' offices, babinsa, motorbike taxi bases, health centers, and in residents' homes. At any time, residents who want to read can scan where posters and health educational videos will appear that can be read with ever-increasing material. The activities carried out in community service are gymnastics together with physical activities, planting toga, health checks namely blood pressure, sugar, cholesterol, together with 5 health program students carrying out health education about drugs, smoking, reproductive organs and the impact of free sex. Education in partnership with BNN, Putri Ayu Community Health Center midwives. Processing fish resources, making crispy ikan bilis and making compost from water hyacinth leaves in partnership with UKM Paddle Habibah. To measure the success of measuring instrument education, it is done through the pre-test and post-test stages using a knowledge variable questionnaire with a target of 200 respondents, carried out between January and October 2023. The results of the education were an increase in mean pre-test knowledge (6.92) and mean post-test (13.97), an increase in scores. knowledge of 7.05. It is recommended that sub-districts continue physical activities every Sunday together at the sub-district head's office, that the Community Health Center facilitate regular health checks so that NCDs are detected, the community is aware and willing to monitor healthy behavior by always reading the material on the PTM barcodes that have been posted in public places. , UKM Dayung Habibah can continue making crispy ikan bilis to improve the family economy, as well as developing more modern composting for water hyacinth raw materials.

PENGARUH EDUKASI MEDIA BOOKLET TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN KELUARGA TENTANG DETEKSI DINI STROKE

ABSTRACT
 
 Background: Stroke is a health problem that needs attention because stroke is the number one cause of death in the world (200 per 100,000 population in one year) and the highest cause of death in Indonesia (500,000 people with 125,000 deaths and the rest are disabled), caused by delays instroke treatment in the prehospital phase (83,9%) due to a lack of knowledge in the community, especially families, about early detection of strike. Steps that can be taken to increase knowledge include conducting education using booklet media. A booklet is a medium that can be used to convey information in the form of a book containing writing and pictures.
 Purpose: To determine the effect of education using booklet media on family knowledge about early stroke detection. Method: This type of quantitative research uses Pre-experimental design with the One-Group Pretest-Postest design approach. Sampling used a purposive sampling technique of 59 respondents, namely families with a high risk of stroke in the working area of the Nagaswidak Health Center. The study used an instrument of knowledge about early stroke detection with as many as 20 questions that had been tested for validity and reliability at the Pembiuna Palembang Health Center. The data obtained were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. Results: The results of the analysis on the knowledge variable obtained showed that the value of knowledge before education was a median of 11 with a minimum value of 0 and a maximum value of 18, and the value of knowledge after educationwas median of 15 with a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 20. The results of the data analysis with the Wilcoxon test obtained a p-value of 0.000 (<0.05). Conclusion: there is an effect of health education using booklet media on family knowledge about early stroke detection. Suggestions for future researchers to be able to carry out further research that focuses on the ability of families to carry out early detection of stroke with the demonstration method.
 
 Keyword: Education, Early Stroke Detection, Booklet Media, Knowledge

Pengalaman Pasien ACS (Acute Coronary Syndrome) yang Menjalani PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention)

Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the non-communicable diseases that has a high prevalence in the world. According to WHO (World Health Organization), data the highest cause of death is ischemic heart disease, which is 16%, which caused 8.9 million deaths in 2019. ACS (Acute Coronary syndrome) is one of the main cardiovascular diseases that has a high mortality rate. And is the leading cause of death worldwide. Data reported by the Ministry of Health 2019, stated that the prevalence of ACS (Acute Coronary Syndrome) diagnosed by health workers reached 1,5% of other non-infectious diseases, with a mortality prevalence of 12.9% from other causes of death. One of the alternative procedures for ACS (Acute Coronary Syndrome) patients is the PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) procedure with the installation of a heart ring or stent. In an explanation by a heart and blood vessel specialist at RSUD dr. Iskak, dr. Arif Wibisono, SP. FIHA said patients who underwent PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) procedures were heart patients with characteristics of the patient’s condition that did not improve or even worsen. Assume that patients with ACS (Acute Coronary Syndrome) would be better off if a PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) procedure was performed instead of only being given blood clotting drugs. This study aimed to explore the experiences of ACS (Acute Coronary Syndrome) patients undergoing PCI (Percutaneous Coronary Intervention) procedures. The method used in this research is a qualitative method using a case study research strategy, research by testing the validity of data by triangulating sources and analyzing data using domain analysis. The results of this study obtained 2 themes, 1) anxiety with the sub-theme feeling of anxiety before the PCI procedure, 2) Ease of health facilities with the sub-theme of health facilities obtained.

The Correlation Between Smoking Behavior and The Use of “Used Cooking Oil” with Hypertension Incidences at Malimbu Coastal Area

Hypertension is the main risk factor that leads to cardiovascular disease such as heart attack, heart failure and stroke, which is the highest cause of death in the world. One area with high risk of hypertension is the coastal area. The famous coastal area in the Lombok is Malimbu, located in North Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara Province. This research is an analytical observational study with a cross sectional design. This study aims to determine the correlation between smoking behavior and use of “used cooking oil” and the incidence of hypertension. Samples in this study were 70 people (n=70), and was taken using accidental sampling technique. Data were analyzed using chi-square. The results showed that the incidence of hypertension was 48% of the 70 respondents. Most of the respondents (70%), had no history of hypertension in their family. This research shows that there is no correlation between smoking behavior and the incidence of hypertension (p=0.807) with PR=1.156 (0.354 - 3.797). The use of “used cooking oil” was also found to be not correlated with the incidence of hypertension (p=0.632) with PR=1.275 (0.486 - 3.345). Although several previous studies showed that the smoking behavior and the use of used cooking oil correlate to hypertension, but this study result shows different data. This can be caused by other factors. Future research needs to examine the characteristics of smokers that may be related to the incidence of hypertension

INDEKS MASSA TUBUH DAN KADAR KOLESTEROL DENGAN TEKANAN DARAH DI PUSKESMAS DARUSSALAM

Hypertension is still one of the highest causes of death in the world. Factors that cause an increase in blood pressure include high blood cholesterol levels. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between body mass index and total cholesterol levels with blood pressure (BP) in hypertensive patients at the Darussalam Community Health Center. This type of research uses observational analytics with a cross sectional approach. The research population was 90 people and the sample was 47 people using accidental sampling. Data collection tools use medical record data and observation sheets. The results of research on the characteristics of respondents showed that the majority of respondents' BMI was stage 1 obesity (36.2%), cholesterol levels (53.2%), and the majority of patients' systolic BP were stage I hypertension (48.9%), while the majority of patients' diastolic BP was normal. (36.2%). In the Sperm Rank test, a relationship was found between BMI and BP where the p value was 0.001 and the R value was 0.451, meaning there was a moderate correlation where the better the BMI, the more controlled the BP of hypertensive patients. Apart from that, there is also a relationship between total cholesterol levels and BP where the p value is 0.001 and the R value is 0.472, meaning that there is a moderate correlation where the better the cholesterol levels, the more controlled the BP of hypertensive patients. Thus, it is hoped that respondents will control their body weight and total cholesterol levels to avoid an increase in blood pressure in hypertensive patients.

The Input Analysis of Filling The Preeclampsia Screening Sheet in The Maternal and Child Health Handbooks in Tegal Regency

<div><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p class="Default"><em>In 2019–2021, Preeclampsia has been among the highest causes of maternal death in the Tegal Regency. Early detection of preeclampsia risk factors is done by filling out the screening sheet in the Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Handbooks. However, its implementation has not been carried out properly. This study aims to analyzes the input factors the filling out of preeclampsia screening sheets by doctors in Tegal regency. The research was conducted qualitatively with phenomenological approach. This research started from October to December 2022. There were 2 main informant from the Head of the Division and Sub-Coordinators at the Health Office and 12 triangulation informant there where the Head of the Health Center, Coordinating doctors and midwives. Data collection techniques are conducted by in-depth interviews. Analysis of the research data is data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the screening sheets were completely filled out showed 12.5%. The limited human resource is overcome by collaboration between health workers. Doctors' willingness to fill out screening sheets is still lacking. The infrastructure form of physical and laboratory examination tools is available and sufficient; the shortage of preeclampsia screening sheets is fulfilled by duplicating these sheets. Guidelines in the preparation stage, implementation of filling out the preeclampsia screening sheet, it was mostly done by midwives, and there was still non-compliance in filling out the management of screening results. Indeed, filling out the preeclampsia screening sheet had not gone well, and mostly done by midwives. It is recommended that the Health Service make a circular and guidelines for filling out the preeclampsia screening sheet. The head of the Community Health Center prepares a daily schedule, clarifies the duties and authority of doctors and midwives, and creates a service flow.</em></p></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p><strong><em>Keyword: Input factor, Maternal and Child Health Handbook, Preeclampsia screening sheet</em></strong></p>

Molecular and immunohistochemical study of APC exon 16 and its possible role in colorectal carcinoma development

BackgroundColorectal cancer ranks second as a cause of cancer deaths. Mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene, especially in exon 16, could contribute to colorectal carcinoma development. This study explored the correlations between APC gene exon 16 variations/expression and colorectal carcinoma progression. MethodsIn a case-control study, blood samples from 150 colorectal carcinoma patients and 50 healthy volunteers were analyzed by PCR and sequencing for APC exon 16 variations. The APC protein expression on tissue samples was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and statistical analyses were used to examine clinicopathological correlations. ResultsThe sequencing analysis revealed a mutation in exon 16 of the APC gene (rs459552) in 36 % of colorectal cancer cases while absent in all non-cancer controls. Subgroup analysis by tumor grade showed higher prevalence of mutant allele in Grade II and Grade III cases, with frequencies reaching 60.0 % and 69.2 %, respectively, compared to a substantially lower prevalence of 29.4 % in Grade I patients. Immunohistochemistry showed no significant correlation between this mutation and APC expression. APC positivity proportions were 25.5 % in Grade I tumors (n = 26/102) versus 17.1 % in Grade II (n = 6/35) and 46.2 % in Grade III (n = 6/13), showing a non-significant trend of reduced positivity in higher grade tumors (p>0.05). ConclusionsThe frequency of APC exon 16 mutation (rs459552) rose significantly with increasing tumor grade. Similarly, although not statistically significant, the percentage of APC positive staining increased with poorer tumor differentiation, rather than declining. Therefore, the APC exon 16 mutation and expression analysis provides insights into colorectal cancer progression, with the rs459552 mutation correlating with grade and may promoting aggression.

Frequency of Occurrence of Leukocytosis in Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Copd at a Tertiary Centre

COPD is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality; it is currently the fourth highest cause of death in the world, and is predicted to be the third leading cause of mortality worldwide by the year 2020 [1-2]. COPD is identified mainly according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines; [post bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity ratio less than 0.7; severity determined by FEV1 alone] combined with a history of exposure to risk factors [2]. Exacerbations of respiratory symptoms in COPD are of major importance because of their profound and long lasting adverse effects on patients [3]. Frequent episodes accelerate loss of lung function, affect the quality of life of patients, and are associated with poor survival. There are some specific blood biomarkers for predicting lung function decline, acute exacerbation, or even mortality from big longitudinal cohort studies. However, their performance is depressing [4] . Peripheral blood leukocytosis has already been well investigated in the aspect of inflammatory biomarkers for COPD. The level of leukocytes is a key parameter in the clinical assessment of patients with COPD exacerbation, with and without fever. The presentation of high WBC count makes it important to distinguish the effect of the glucocorticosteroid from the effect of the possible infection [5-7].

Abstract B080: Examining racial differences in area-level factors associated with prostate cancer stage at diagnosis: A systematic review

Abstract In the United States, prostate cancer is the most diagnosed cancer and the second highest cause of cancer deaths in men. Despite the high survival rate for prostate cancer compared to other cancers, racial and ethnic disparities persist. Black males are more likely to be diagnosed at an advanced stage, with more aggressive forms, and have two-fold higher age-adjusted mortality rates than non-Hispanic White males. Research studies show that the stage at diagnosis is a critical prognostic factor for survival and access to quality health care. There is increasing evidence of an association between neighborhood area-level contextual factors (e.g., social and physical environments) and prostate cancer stage at diagnosis, but very few systematic reviews. This systematic review examined White and Black racial differences in the association between area-level factors and prostate cancer stage diagnosis in the United States. We systematically obtained relevant peer-reviewed articles published in English until August 30, 2022, from three databases: PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. The relevant studies included prostate cancer observational studies in adult men (18 years and older) conducted in the United States that measured one or more area-level factors at the level of a geographic unit (e.g., census tract, block group, and zip codes). We used the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies to review the internal validity of the final studies. The reviewers identified 41 articles with a stage at diagnosis as an outcome, of which 11 articles (26%) statistically examined White-Black differences for the association between stage at diagnosis and an area-level factor. Most of the final 11 studies (73%) used advanced stage (regional, distant/metastatic stage) as the primary indicator variable, and two studies looked at two different outcomes (e.g., localized/early stage and tumor aggressiveness). The observed area-level factors were grouped as social (62.5%), physical/built environment (18.8%), and health service determinants (18.8%). Neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) or deprivation composite scores (12.5%) and poverty (12.5%) were the most area-level factors reported in the studies. There were differences in area-level factors associated with prostate cancer severity for Black and White males. Overall, the results showed that Black men were more likely to be diagnosed with advanced-stage or aggressive tumors if they resided in areas with low neighborhood SES, low environmental quality, and the highest deprived and racially segregated areas compared to Whites. The study summarized results from individual studies exploring the role of neighborhood area-level factors and prostate cancer stage racial disparities in the United States. Future studies can provide an understanding of the impact and mechanisms of the area-level social and physical environments in cancer disparities. Citation Format: Ifeanyi B. Chukwudozie, Elle R. Martell, Ravneet Kaur, Rosie Hanneke, Vincent Freeman. Examining racial differences in area-level factors associated with prostate cancer stage at diagnosis: A systematic review [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr B080.

Abstract C066: The SC AMEN Program for Black men: Providing education and navigation to prostate cancer screening with informed decision-making

Abstract Purpose: Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer and the second highest cause of cancer death in the United States (U.S). The prostate cancer incidence and death rates in the U.S. are twice as high among Black men vs White men. To address this issue, the Medical University of South Carolina Hollings Cancer Center (MUSC HCC) developed the South Carolina Prostate Cancer Education and Navigation to Screening Program for African American Men (SC AMEN Program). This new program provides prostate cancer information and includes patient navigators who help to overcome the social determinants of health barriers (e.g., lack of transportation, lack of a primary care provider, co-pays) that could prevent Black men from receiving prostate cancer screening. The navigators guide the participants to a physician for an informed decision-making discussion related to prostate cancer screening. Methods: The SC AMEN Program includes a one-hour evidence-based prostate cancer educational session that is delivered to each enrolled participant. The pre-test survey assesses prostate cancer knowledge using the validated PROCASE scale. The survey is administered again at post-test, following the educational session. Each participant is then navigated to a physician to discuss prostate cancer screening over the next three months. The navigation intervention is modeled after the National Cancer Institute’s patient navigation training modules, which integrate adult learning theory, social cognitive theory, and social support theory into the intervention. Results: Among the 122 study participants, 2.8% reported having Hispanic/American Indian ethnicity. The age range of the 122 participants was 40-69 years old; 5.7% had less than a high school education, 26.2% stopped education after high school, 18.9% completed high school and some college, and 49.2% were college graduates/had completed a postgraduate degree. In terms of health insurance coverage, only 45.1% of participants had current or former employer or labor union insurance coverage. The other participants had a mix of Medicare, military, and private insurance coverage. Eighty-seven percent of the participants had an identified primary care physician, while 9.8% did not. 87.7% of participants have primary care and 9.8% of participants did not. The total average pretest score was 6.5/10 with a standard deviation of 1.7. The total average post-test score was 7.2/10 with a standard deviation of 1.5. The total point increase from pretest to post-test was 0.7. Across all study sites, the change in prostate cancer knowledge results from pre-test to post-test was statistically significant (p<0.001). Ninety-three percent of the participants in this ongoing study have received prostate cancer screening or have made a screening appointment. Conclusion: The SC AMEN Program appears to be successful in increasing the study participants’ knowledge of prostate cancer and informed decision making for prostate cancer screening. Citation Format: Marvella E. Ford, Melanie Slan, Angel M. Malek, Claudia Lawton, Lee Moultrie, Adam Pressley, Ellen Gomez, Jessica Zserai, Joan McLauren, Mina Platt, Nhi Phuong Le, Chloe Keeve, Joie Zabec, Marla Sagatelian, Nicholas Shungu. The SC AMEN Program for Black men: Providing education and navigation to prostate cancer screening with informed decision-making [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 16th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2023 Sep 29-Oct 2;Orlando, FL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023;32(12 Suppl):Abstract nr C066.

Relationship of CK-MB Levels with Troponin T in Patient with Coronary Heart Disease at Siloam Hospital Jambi

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the cardiovascular diseases which is the highest cause of death in the world. CHD occurs due to the build-up of cholesterol plaque which causes narrowing of the arteries. CHD is characterized by an increase in biomarkers, especially cardiac troponin and Creatine Kinase enzyme activity. The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between CK-MB and Troponin T in CHD patients.
 Method: The type of this research is descriptive study with a cross sectional approach. The population of this study was all patients who had been clinically diagnosed with CHD by doctors at Siloam Jambi Hospital according to their medical records. The sampling technique used was a total sample technique that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. To analyze the relationship between variables, a parametric statistical test is used, namely the Pearson correlation test.
 Result: The results of the study show the average value of CK-MB activity = 46.12 IU/L and Troponin T = 359.53 ng/L. The Pearson correlation test analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between CK-MB and Troponin T (p <0.00001), and the correlation coefficient (r) is 0.636.
 Conclusion: The activity of the CK-MB enzyme and the levels of Troponin T enzymes have a strong relationship in CHD patients at Siloam Hospital Jambi.

Stress and Coping Strategies of Madrasah’s Teachers on Applying Distance Learning During COVID-19 Pandemic in Indonesia

The COVID-19 pandemic has changed many aspects of life, including face-to-face learning processes in madrasah to distance learning. These changes have caused psychological problems or stress among teachers. The study aims to describe the mental health issue during COVID-19 and how to overcome it. The study applied quantitative and qualitative approaches, with 1,520 teachers, consisting of 615 teachers from Islamic Schools (madrasah) in Bali and 905 in NTT. Findings indicate that the stress level experienced by madrasah teachers in the two provinces was in a low category at a score of 1.54, though both regions were at very different levels in terms of internet affordability, the highest cause of teacher stress was the concern for students’ ability to absorb the learning material; and 92.68% of teachers selected problem-focused coping mechanisms, particularly efforts to improve their skills in conducting distance learning. The findings from the study provide important input for teachers’s coping strategies for mental health issues of distance learning.

Monitoring Bpm And Body Temperature Based Internet Of Things (Iot) Thingspeak Platform

The development of technology in the health sector as well as modern science and technology, both in the treatment of patients and in technology that facilitates the development of health science itself, has experienced very rapid development. Various operational processes in hospitals have now undergone many developments, namely by replacing human performance with automated systems. One of them is an automatic system for monitoring heart rate and human body temperature. Heart rate and body temperature are two important parameters used by medical personnel to determine a person's physical health and mental condition. Because if the heart rate and body temperature are not normal, more effort is needed to prevent unwanted things from happening. Heart disease is known as one of the highest causes of death in the world, while body temperature can detect something that is in the body. In order for monitoring tools to be more practical and efficient to use, tools have been made with real time monitoring and can be monitored remotely. The design of this tool uses the Max30102 as a BPM sensor which has a digital output, also the Mlx90614 sensor as a temperature sensor which has a digital output, then processes it on and displays the value on the I2C LCD and sends data to the Thingspeak platform assisted by ESP32 as a wifi module. BPM has the smallest error of 0.23% and the largest of 2.11% while Temperature has the smallest error of 0.59% and the largest of 3.37%. The results of this study can be implemented on patient monitors to increase the efficiency of the remote monitoring system

Effectiveness of Plant Bioactive Compounds as Colorectal Cancer Cell Line Inhibitors: A Systematic Review

Cancer is a non-communicable disease and one of the highest causes of human death. It has been well documented that active substances have been shown in vitro to have anticancer properties. The purpose of this article is to examine the therapeutic implications of active substances involved in colorectal anticancer activity. We looked through the databases of PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar in our systematic review to find papers released between 2013 and 2023. Ten studies were selected and published between 2013 and 2023. From the results obtained on plant data used as colorectal anticancer, it was reported that plants contain active phenolic compounds, flavonoids, alkaloids, gallic acid, saponins, triterpenoid/steroid, hydroquinones, triterpenoids, phenols, glycosides, quercetin, kaempferol, artemisinin, and tannins that can act as colorectal anticancer agents and are proven to be an inhibitor of cell line growth in colorectal cancer.

Cervical cancer treatment update: A Society of Gynecologic Oncology clinical practice statement

Cervical cancer is the most commonly diagnosed gynecologic cancer worldwide. Although the incidence has declined with increased screening and higher uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in high-income countries, this disease remains the second highest cause of cancer mortality among women in low- and middle-income countries. In this clinical practice statement, we describe therapies for cervical cancer by treatment setting, as well as quality of life, financial toxicity, and disparities associated with this disease. In addition to chemotherapy and radiation, therapeutic strategies for cervical cancer include immune checkpoint blockade, antiangiogenics, and antibody-drug conjugates. Optimal treatment for recurrent cervical cancer remains an area of unmet need, necessitating further exploration of rational and innovative treatment approaches, including cell and immune-based therapies. Importantly, development of effective therapies for cervical cancer must incorporate strategies to ensure universal equitable access to HPV vaccination, screening, and treatment. Important consequences of the disease and treatment that impact quality of life must also be addressed. Patients with cervical cancer are at increased risk for financial toxicity, which can lead to downstream detrimental effects on physical, financial, and career outcomes. Underrepresentation of racial and ethnic minorities in gynecologic oncology clinical trials highlights the urgent need for collaborative and focused initiatives to bridge the significant divide and alleviate inequalities in the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer.

Novel breath biomarkers identification for early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis using ML tools and GCMS.

According to WHO 2019, Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fourth highest cause of cancer death worldwide. More precise diagnostic models are needed to enhance early HCC and cirrhosis quick diagnosis, treatment, and survival. Breath biomarkers known as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled air can be used to make rapid, precise, and painless diagnoses. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GCMS) are utilized to diagnose HCC and cirrhosis VOCs. In this investigation, metabolically generated VOCs in breath samples (n = 35) of HCC, (n = 35) cirrhotic, and (n = 30) controls were detected via GCMS and SPME. Moreover, this study also aims to identify diagnostic VOCs for distinction among HCC and cirrhosis liver conditions, which are most closely related, and cause misleading during diagnosis. However, using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to quantify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is time-consuming and error-prone since it requires an expert. To verify GC-MS data analysis, we present an in-house R-based array of machine learning models that applies deep learning pattern recognition to automatically discover VOCs from raw data, without human intervention. All-machine learning diagnostic model offers 80% sensitivity, 90% specificity, and 95% accuracy, with an AUC of 0.9586. Our results demonstrated the validity and utility of GCMS-SMPE in combination with innovative ML models for early detection of HCC and cirrhosis-specific VOCs considered as potential diagnostic breath biomarkers and showed differentiation among HCC and cirrhosis. With these useful insights, we can build handheld e-nose sensors to detect HCC and cirrhosis through breath analysis and this unique approach can help in diagnosis by reducing integration time and costs without compromising accuracy or consistency.

A Rationality Study of Antihypertensive Drugs Usage in Preeclampsia Patients in the Private Hospital

Preeclampsia is a hypertension that happens in pregnancy of ≥ 20 weeks and occurs with proteinuria. Preeclampsia is also the highest cause of mother’s death second place in Indonesia. According to that, a study of rationality is needed concerning medicine usage as one of the efforts to determine which medicine is accepted by the rational patient so that the expected therapeutic effect is achieved and does not harm the lives of the mother and baby. The purpose of this research is to determine the profile and rationality of anti-hypertension medicine usage on pregnant mothers with preeclampsia at a private hospital in Malang. This is an observational descriptive research that uses retrospective data. The sample-taking method of this research is using a total sampling method. This research data is served on a diagram or table and percentage. The result of this research is that 3 kinds of anti-hypertension medicine are used: nifedipine 78%, amlodipine 17%, and candesartan 5%. The rationality study of the use of antihypertensive drugs in this study obtained 78% correct indication, 100% correct drug, 93% correct dose, 62% correct interval of administration, and 100% correct patient. This study shows that the usage of antihypertensive drugs in preeclampsia is rational in several parameters.