Higher Values In Group Research Articles

Effects of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 on immunity, blood constituents, antioxidant capacity, egg quality and performance in laying Japanese quail.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of E.coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) on immune responses, blood parameters, oxidative stress, egg quality, and performance of laying Japanese quail. A total of one-hundred day-old quail chicks were assigned to 1 of 4 treatments based on probiotic concentration: 1 (0 CFU/mL; control), 2 (104 CFU/mL), 3 (106 CFU/mL), and 4 (108 CFU/mL). The average egg production throughout the 8 wks of the laying phase increased with the increase in EcN supplementation (R2= 0.96). The egg production was also significantly different in wk 4, 7, and 8 of the laying phase with the control group demonstrating the poorest performance. External egg quality parameters, including shell strength, Roche index, albumen height, yolk weight, shell weight, shell thickness, and Haugh unit, also showed higher values in groups receiving EcN. Likewise, these groups demonstrated heavier egg weight (EW) and lower MDA in the meat sample. The MDA concentration of fresh yolk samples in groups receiving EcN was higher but diminished after iron-inducing (P < 0.05). No differences were observed in ADFI, FCR, EM, yolk cholesterol and triglyceride, hematocrit, SRBC, NDV, CMI immune responses (DNCB and PHA), H:L ratio, and internal organ weights. Plasma cholesterol and uric acid were the only blood constituents showing higher values in male birds in groups of EcN (P < 0.05); no appreciable differences were observed in the rest of the blood parameters in male birds and none in females. Further, a substantially higher Avian Influenza Virus (AIV) titer resulted from treatments 3 and 4 in male birds among humoral immune responses. These results demonstrated that EcN in the birds' drinking water could profoundly influence laying performance, egg quality, immune function, and enhanced antioxidant capacity.

The Prognosis of the Posterior Malleolar Fracture in the Syndesmosis Injury

Category: Trauma; Ankle Introduction/Purpose: Syndesmosis injuries, often involving the posterior malleolus (PM), are common in rotational ankle fractures. Concomitant intra-articular involvement, along with deltoid ligament rupture and open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) affects outcomes predisposing to postoperative complications. Our study aims to investigate the outcomes of posterior malleolar fractures with concomitant syndesmosis injuries and identify prognostic factors associated with these injuries. Methods: This retrospective study investigated posterior malleolar ankle fractures with syndesmotic injury in 71 patients between January 2004 and March 2021. Among these, there were 54 cases of trimalleolar fractures and 17 cases of trimalleolar equivalent fractures. After receiving IRB approval from a single Korean center institution, demographic data, revision surgeries, syndesmotic implant removal, deltoid ligament rupture, deltoid ligament repair, types of implants, and insurance status were evaluated by an expert surgeon affiliated with the institution. Weight-bearing plain radiographs were analyzed for various parameters including superior and medial clear space (MCS), tibiofibular overlap, tibiofibular clear space, implant height, fibular shortening, and synostosis. Radiographic parameters were recorded preoperatively, postoperatively, at 3-month follow-up, and final follow-up. CT scans were utilized to assess posterior malleolar fracture involvement and evaluated using the Haraguchi classification. The severity of ankle joint obliteration was determined. Fibular shortening and synostosis presence were assessed from follow-up radiographs. Results: All radiographic parameters showed significant improvement over time (p-=0.001). No significant differences were found between groups with and without deltoid ligament rupture, except for postoperative 3-month TFO, which showed a significantly higher value in group of the deltoid ligament rupture (p=0.001). Fixation of the posterior malleolar fracture was significantly associated with a preoperative MCS with optimal cut off value of 3.72 mm as absolute value and 84% as the percent divided by the superior clear space as in area under curve (p=0.001, AUC=0.717). Male sex was significantly associated with unexpected syndesmotic implant removal. Deltoid rupture was significantly associated with postoperative ankle osteoarthritis. Preoperative TFC and ORIF of the posterior malleolar fracture were negatively associated with postoperative ankle osteoarthritis. Conclusion: A preoperative medial clear space measurement of 3.72 mm or more in posterior malleolar fractures with syndesmotic injury may be beneficial in deciding the fixation approach for posterior malleolar fractures. Male gender is identified as a risk factor for unplanned removal of syndesmotic implants. Deltoid ligament rupture, preoperative tibiofibular clear space (TFC), and the need for posterior malleolar fixation may be regarded as risk factors for postoperative ankle osteoarthritis.

Association of periodontitis with serum osteoprotegerin level in type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women.

To evaluate the association of periodontitis with serum osteoprotegerin level according to glycaemic state in postmenopausal type 2 diabetic women. The case-control study was conducted from June 2019 to May 2020 at the National Diabetes Centre, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq, and comprised postmenopausal diabetic women with good glycaemic control in group A, diabetic women with poor glycaemic control in group B, and non-diabetic healthy controls in group C. Participants were inducted by using the consecutive sampling technique. Assessment of periodontitis was done by measuring probing pocket depth, gingival recession and clinical attachment level. The ratio between serum osteoprotegerin level and glycated haemoglobin was calculated for all the subjects. Data was analysed using SPSS 24. Of the 150 subjects, 57(38%) were in group A with mean age 57.39±5.89 years, 43(28.7%) were in group B with mean age 58.91±4.95 years, and 50(33.3%) were in group C with mean age 54.92±4.62 years. Probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level and serum osteoprotegerin exhibited higher values in groups A and B compared to group C, and in group B compared to group A (p<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between Probing pocket depth and serum osteoprotegerin in all groups (p<0.05). Periodontal parameters and serum osteoprotegerin level were significantly higher in diabetic women, especially in those with poor glycaemic control, than in healthy controls, and serum osteoprotegerin level showed a significant positive correlation with probing pocket depth in all the studied groups.

Anticancer and Immunomodulatory Activities of Prodigiosin Extracted and Purified from Serratia marcescens.

Prodigiosin is a naturally occurring compound produced by various bacteria, including Serratia marcescens. It is known for its diverse biological properties. The present study was conducted to extract and purify prodigiosin from Serratia marcescens and investigate its anticancer and immunomodulatory activities. S. presence was isolated from soil samples and characterized. Different solvents were used to extract prodigiosin from Serratia marcescens. The cytotoxic activity of prodigiosin was tested against human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD), rat embryo fibroblasts (REF), and human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 (MDA) epithelial cell lines. Albino mice were divided into six groups: Negative control (normal saline); positive control (injected with 100 µ l of Serratia marcesence); groups A-D were injected with 100 µ l of prodigiosin (1, 3, 6, and 9 µ g/mouse, respectively). After 14 days of treatment, whole blood samples were collected for immunomodulatory analysis. The study found that the highest yield of prodigiosin (65-230 mg/l) was obtained with methanol as the extraction solvent. Prodigiosin had a cytotoxic effect on cancer cells, particularly against MDA epithelial cells. However, it did not have a cytotoxic effect on normal cells. Immunological analysis revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.01) in absolute neutrophil counts between the positive control and prodigiosin-treated groups, with the highest value in group C and the lowest in group A. Immunological analysis showed significant differences in neutrophil counts, IL-4, and IL-10 levels between prodigiosin-treated groups and the control group. Serratia marcescens prodigiosin showed cytotoxic effects on cancer cells and boosted IL-10 and IL-4 serum levels, acting as an immunomodulator.

Comparison of autonomic nervous system dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and heart rate recovery according to spinal cord injury level.

To investigate the differences in autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, arterial stiffness, and the degree of delay in post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR) according to the level of spinal cord injury (SCI), and propose preventive measures against cardiovascular diseases after SCI. This retrospective study included 51 patients with SCI. Based on the neurological level of injury (NLI), patients were divided into two groups: Group A (NLI at and above T6) and Group B (NLI below T6). To assess ANS dysfunction, the head-up tilt test and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were conducted. Arterial stiffness was measured using the pulse wave velocity test. The exercise tolerance test was conducted to measure post-exercise HRR. Group A had significantly higher values in the head-up tilt test and 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. In the pulse wave velocity test, both sides (left and right) had significantly higher values in Group B. One minute after the exercise tolerance test, Group A had significantly slower HRR (18.8 ± 11.1 beats/minute) than Group B. Understanding the impact of ANS dysfunction and arterial stiffness on HRR in SCI according to NLI may provide insights for clinical management and preventative strategies for cardiovascular diseases.

Assessment of hemodynamic parameters based on the results of ultrasound Dopplerography in different variants of the position of vessels in the area of bifurcation of the common carotid arteries

Introduction. Ultrasound imaging allows us to study the influence of topographic and anatomical variability of the main vessels of the neck on hemodynamic parameters in the area of bifurcation of the common carotid artery (CCA). Aim. To assess the significance of changes in hemodynamic parameters on the damage of the main arteries near the bifurcation of the common carotid artery in different variants of the mutual position of vessels according to the results of ultrasound Dopplerography. Materials and methods. 865 volunteers were examined using SonoAce R7 and Logiq F6. The results were summarized, systematized and processed in Microsoft Excel 2007 spreadsheets and subjected to statistical analysis. Among the participants, 5 main variants of the mutual position of the vessels were identified: A – typical; Б – the external carotid artery (ECA) is located ventrally; В – the lateral position of the external carotid artery; Г – divergence or intersection of the carotid arteries near bifurcation; Д – joint medial deviation of both carotid arteries. Results. A total of 1730 vascular complexes were evaluated. The smallest diameter of the external carotid arteries was observed in groups A and B – 3.10 mm. The largest value of the diameter of the internal carotid arteries (ICA) was in group D – 4.20 mm and in group B – 4.10 mm. The diameter of the common carotid arteries in groups A and B was 5.50 mm, in groups D and D – 5.60 mm, and in group B – 5.70 mm. The volume velocity of blood flow had higher values in group D. The lowest indicators of volumetric blood flow velocity were noted in group A, for common carotid and internal carotid arteries – in group G. Conclusions. The smallest average and median diameter of the external carotid arteries was observed in types A and B. The highest median diameter of the internal carotid arteries was in group D (4.20 mm). The median value of the diameter of the common carotid arteries was the maximum in group B (5.70 mm). The presented observation results demonstrate the effect of anatomical variation on the morphometric and functional characteristics of the vascular bed, reflecting the change in the calculated volumetric velocity of blood flow.

Comparative Evaluation of Flexural Strength and Microhardness of Two Different Ceramic Reinforced 3-D Printed Resins with Cad-cam Milled and Conventional Tooth Coloured Heat Cured Polymethylmethacrylate Resins as Long-term Provisional Restorative Materials” – An in Vitro Study

Background: Long-term provisional restorations play a crucial role in complex clinical scenarios, Implant-supported prostheses, full-mouth rehabilitation cases &amp; Maxillofacial Prosthodontics. Understanding the mechan-ical properties such as flexural strength and microhardness of newer commercially available provision-al restorative materials is necessary to select an optimum material for long-term provisional fixed den-tal prosthesis. This Research study was conducted to evaluate and compare the Flexural Strength and Microhardness of Two Different Ceramic-reinforced 3-D Printed Resins with CAD-CAM Milled and Conventional Tooth Coloured Heat Cured Polymethylmethacrylate Resins as Long-Term Provisional Restorative Materials. Methods: Twenty-one specimens of dimensions 25 mm × 2 mm × 2 mm (ADA-ANSI specification #27) were fabricated each using: Group A (Control group)-Conventional tooth colored heat cured polymethyl-methacrylate resin (DPI Heat cure tooth moulding powder), Group B-CAD-CAM milled resin, Group C- Ceramic reinforced polymer 3-D printed resin (Temporary CB resin) and Group D- Ceramic rein-forced polymer 3-D printed resin (Permanent CB resin). Flexural strength and microhardness were measured and the values obtained were evaluated. Results: The measured mean flexural strength values (Mega Pascals) were 39.41 (Group A), 153 (Group B), 124.91 (Group C), and 136.50 (Group D). The measured mean microhardness values (Knoop hardness number) were 37.9 (Group A), 40.5 (Group B), 34.67 (Group C), and 43.88 (Group D). The difference in flexural strength and microhardness values of the three groups was statistically significant according to the analysis of variance (ANOVA) as well as the intergroup comparison done using Tukey’s honest significant difference (HSD) Post Hoc test (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusions: Flexural strength with higher values in Group B were noted and the Microhardness test showed higher values in Group D.

Comparative Evaluation of Penetration Depth of Irrigants into Root Dentin after Manual Sonic and Ultrasonic Activation using Dye Penetration Method under Light Microscope: An In Vitro Study.

To evaluate the penetration depth of irrigants into root dentin after manual, ultrasonic, and sonic activation using the dye penetration method under light microscope. Ninety-two extracted single-rooted human teeth were used in the age range of 14-18 years. After access opening, root canals were instrumented. Canals were irrigated with preheated 5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). Teeth were divided into four groups-group I, control group without activation; group II, manual dynamic activation; group III, ultrasonic activation; and group IV, sonic activation. About 1% methylene blue dye was used, which was activated for 30 seconds using the respective activation method. Cross sections of apical 1 mm were prepared from the apical third. Each section was examined under a light microscope to check the penetration depth of dye in a micrometer at the apical third level. There was a statistically highly significant difference seen for the values between the groups (p < 0.01) with higher values in group IV and least in group I, revealing that group IV had higher penetration depth compared to other groups. The use of needle irrigation with the use of EndoActivator (sonic agitation method) has enhanced irrigation in the apical third. As during biomechanical preparation and irrigation with the traditional method of needle and syringe, canals remain inadequately disinfected at the apical third level. So, this study was done to assess whether the advanced methods of activation are more effective than commonly used techniques in their ability to penetrate dentinal tubules. Dadhich S, Srivastava H, Raisingani D, et al. Comparative Evaluation of Penetration Depth of Irrigants into Root Dentin after Manual Sonic and Ultrasonic Activation using Dye Penetration Method under Light Microscope: An In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(S-3):S253-S257.

Ultrasound-guided injection of steroids versus platelet-rich plasma for sacroiliac joint chronic pain management

Background The spectrum of pain and disability from sacroiliac joint dysfunction is extremely variable. The treatment of SIJ pain remains a therapeutic challenge. Intra-articular SIJ infiltrations with local anesthetic and corticosteroids have the most reliable evidence supporting their use. New modalities have been introduced, such as platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection. Aim This study aimed to assess and compare the efficacy of ultrasound (US) guided intra-articular and peri-articular SIJ injection with steroids (methylprednisolone) versus platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in relieving chronic SIJ pain and to assess the patient’s satisfaction, record any complications and deal with them accordingly. Patients and methods Fifty patients undergoing sacroiliac joint injection for the treatment of SIJ pain were included in the study. All patients have been randomly allocated to one of two groups: Group S received US-guided intra-articular and peri-articular injection of bupivacaine and methylprednisolone. Group P received US-guided intra-articular and peri-articular SIJ injection of bupivacaine and PRP. Results Demographic data showed no statistically significant difference between both groups. The provocative tests, the VAS score, and the MODQ score at preinjection showed no statistically significant difference. At 2 and 4 weeks postinjection, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups showing higher values in group S than in group P. At six weeks postinjection, provocative tests were recorded in both groups with no significant difference between them. On the other hand, at eight weeks and four months postinjection, there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups showing higher values for group P than group S. The SAPS score was compared between the two groups and showed no statistically significant difference between them in any of the follow-up periods. As for the efficacy between the two groups, no statistically significant difference was noted. Regarding the complications between the two groups, there was no statistically significant difference. Conclusion US-guided PRP and steroid (methylprednisolone) injections into the SIJ are safe and effective modalities for reducing functional disability as well as decreasing low back pain.

The motor effects of 0.25% bupivacaine vs 0.19 bupivacaine in ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block in pediatrics undergoing below-elbow orthopedic surgeries: A randomized controlled study

ABSTRACT Background The standard dose of bupivacaine used in axillary brachial plexus block (ABPB) in pediatrics is 0.5 ml/kg of bupivacaine 0.25%. However, bupivacaine (0.19%) is still to be investigated for peripheral nerve block in pediatrics regarding the efficacy and adequacy of intra- and postoperative analgesia and degree of motor affection. We aimed to compare different concentrations (0.25%, 0.19%) of bupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine mixture to perform US-ABPB in pediatrics undergoing upper limb surgery distal to the elbow regarding affecting the postoperative motor power and adequacy of intra- and postoperative analgesia. Methods This prospective, randomised-controlled, double-blinded work was performed on 60 pediatric individuals presenting for upper limb orthopedic surgeries in the wrist, hand, and elbow distal to cubital fossa with surgical time planned to not exceed 1 h. 0.25% bupivacaine plus 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine (Group A) or 0.19% bupivacaine in addition to 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine (Group B) were given at random to participants. Motor power and pain were assessed using the Modified Bromage scale, Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) score, respectively. Results A highly substantial variation was recorded between the two groups in Bromage 0 till Bromage 60 with higher values in group (B), and no substantial variation was found in Bromage 90 till Bromage 180 existed between the two groups. No substantial variation existed among the two groups with regard to FLACC score in FLACC0 (immediately after recovery), 1st hour after recovery, and 12th hour after recovery, and FLACC was significantly more (p < 0.05) in group B contrasted to group A in the 4th hour after recovery and 8th hour after recovery. Conclusion Using a lower concentration of bupivacaine (0.19%) plus dexmedetomidine (1 µg/kg) was associated with regain of postoperative motor power with the same postoperative analgesic efficacy compared to the standard concentration (0.25%) bupivacaine plus dexmedetomidine (1 µg/kg) in the early postoperative period in US-ABPB.

Comparison of selected prooxidant-antioxidant balance and bone metabolism indicators and BDNF levels between older women with different levels of physical activity

BackgroundGiven a lack of studies precisely indicating how many steps elderly people should take daily for their antioxidant defence, bone metabolism, and cognitive abilities to improve, our study set out to compare the selected antioxidant, prooxidant, bone turnover, and BDNF indicators between elderly women differing in physical activity (PA) measured by the daily number of steps.MethodsThe PA levels of 62 women aged 72.1 ± 5.4 years were assessed based on their daily number of steps and then were used to allocate the participants to three groups: group I (n = 18; <5,000 steps a day); group II (n = 22; from 5,000 to 9,999 steps a day); and group III (n = 22; ≥10,000 steps a day). Blood samples were collected from the participants in early morning hours and subjected to biochemical analysis for prooxidant-antioxidant balance indicators (SOD, CAT, GPx, GR, GSH, UA, MDA and TOS/TOC), bone metabolism indicators (Ca, 25-OH vitamin D, osteocalcin, CTX-I, and PTH), and BDNF levels.ResultsThe groups were not statistically significantly different in the activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, and GR, but their concentrations of GSH (H = 22.10, p < 0.001) and UA (H = 12.20, p = 0.002) proved to be significantly associated with the groups’ daily PA. The between-group differences in the concentrations of MDA and TOS/TOC were not significant, with both these indicators tending to take higher values in group I than in groups II and III. Significant differences between the groups were established for the concentrations of 25-OH vitamin D (H = 24.21, p < 0.001), osteocalcin (H = 7.88, p = 0.019), CTX-I (H = 12.91, p = 0.002), and BDNF (H = 14.47, p = 0.001), but not for Ca and PTH.ConclusionsSignificantly higher concentrations of GSH, slightly lower oxidative stress indicators, significantly higher BDNF levels, and moderately better bone turnover indicators and resorption markers in the group taking more than 5,000 steps a day suggest that this level of PA can promote successful aging. More research is, however, needed to confirm this finding.

Precocious Puberty Diagnoses Spike, COVID-19 Pandemic, and Body Mass Index: Findings From a 4-year Study.

Since the COVID-19 outbreak, the number of girls with suspected precocious puberty has increased. To compare the incidence of idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) during COVID-19 with that of the previous 4 years. Anthropometric, biochemical, and radiological parameters were collected between January 2016 and June 2021 from 133 girls who met the Rapidly Progressive ICPP criteria (RP-ICPP). We found a higher incidence of RP-ICPP between March 2020 and June 2021 (group 2) compared with January 2016 through March 2020 (group 1) (53.5% vs 41.1%); 2021 showed the highest annual incidence (P < .05). Group 1 and group 2 differed in age at diagnosis (7.96 ± 0.71 vs 7.61 ± 0.94; P < .05), mean Tanner stage (2.86 ± 0.51 vs 2.64 ± 0; P < .05), and in the time between the appearance of thelarche and diagnosis (0.93 ± 0.75 vs 0.71 ± 0.62 years, P < .05). There was an increase in the number of girls aged <8 years in group 2 and a significantly higher number of girls aged >8 years was found in group 1 (42 in group 1 vs 20 in group 2, P < 0.05). Overall body mass index SD score showed higher values ​​in group 2 (1.01 ± 1.23 vs 0.69 ± 1.15; P = .18), which spent an average of 1.94 ± 1.81 hours per day using electronic devices; 88.5% of this group stopped any physical activity. A spike in new diagnoses of idiopathic (1.79-fold higher) and RP-CPP coincided with the COVID-19 pandemic. The incidence of RP-ICPP was 1.3-fold higher during COVID-19 with a trend toward an increase in body mass index SD score. The expanding use of digital devices and the reduction of daily physical activity represent possible risk factors.

Left Ventricular Segmental Strain Based On Speckle Tracking Echocardiography Versus Indications Of Immune Inflammation In Patients After COVID-19 Pneumonia

Background — The significance of cytokine activation and immune inflammation in subclinical damage to cardiomyocytes and resulting development of the congestive heart failure (CHF) is frequently discussed in published studies, as well as whether there are cardiac lesions in COVID-19 survivors identified by the speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Objective — To examine the association of echocardiographic parameters with indications of immune inflammation in patients recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia depending on segmental longitudinal strain (LS) of the left ventricle (LV) identified by STE. Methods — Our study encompassed 216 patients (51.1% men, mean age of 50.1±11.1 years) distributed among two groups: Group I (n=108) included study subjects with segmental LS (≥3 LV segments) revealed by the STE; Group II (n=108) comprised patients without visually detectable LV lesions. All patients were examined three months after COVID-19 pneumonia. Results — Groups did not differ statistically significantly in terms of LV ejection fraction (68.7±4.3% in Group I vs. 68.6±4.3% in Group II; p=0.916). Global LS was significantly lower in the Group I than in the Group II at the time of the control follow-up visit three months later (-18.2 [-16.7; -19.4] % vs. -20.6 [-19.5; -22.1] %, respectively; p&lt;0.001). When analyzing laboratory indications of immune inflammation in groups, we revealed statistically significantly higher values in Group I vs. Group II in the concentrations of interleukin 6 (3.1 [2.4;3.9] pg/mL vs. 2.5 [3.8;4.7] pg/mL; p=0.009), C-reactive protein (4.7 [2.9;8.3] mg/L vs. 3.0 [1.5; 5.3] mg/L; p&lt;0.001), and tumor necrosis factor α (6.0 [4.8;4.1] pg/ml vs. 5.0 [4.0;6.4] pg/ml; p=0.001). In Group I, we detected diffuse lesion of LS (≥4 segments of the same LV level; 38.0% of patients) and regional lesion of LS (≥3 segments corresponding to the blood supply pools of the anterior, circumflex, or right coronary arteries; 62.0% of patients). According to logistic regression, the LS of the basal LV level (OR 3.028; 95% CI 1.909-4.802; р&lt;0.001) in combination with LS of the apical LV level (OR 1.287; 95% CI 1.099-1.507; р=0.002) and LV lateral wall annular velocity assessed by tissue Doppler imaging, peak e’ (OR 0.774; 95% CI 0.657-0.911; р=0.002) had an independent relationship with each of diffuse and regional LS lesions. Conclusion — Based on STE data, we have identified a relationship of diffuse and regional LV lesions with features of systolic and diastolic LV dysfunction and markers of immune inflammation in patients three months after COVID-19 pneumonia.

Optical coherence tomography angiography aspects of the retinal and optic disc microvascular morphology in erythemato-telangectatic rosacea

BackgroundTo investigate retinal and optic disc (OD) microvascular morphological changes in erythemato-telangiectatic rosacea (ETR) patients using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and compare the findings to age- and gender-matched healthy individuals. MethodsThis study included newly diagnosed 31 ETR patients (31 right eyes, group 1) who were clinically diagnosed by two experienced dermatologists. A control group had 32 healthy individuals (32 right eyes, group 2). Demographic data, including age and gender were collected, followed by a thorough ophthalmologic exam. A 6 × 6 mm macular OCTA analysis of superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP and DCP) vessel densities (VDs), as well as foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, FAZ perimeter (PERIM), foveal VDs 300 µm area around FAZ (FD-300), and flow areas in the outer retinal and choriocapillaris, was then performed. ResultsMean age in groups 1 and 2 was 43.70 ± 13.02 and 43.62 ± 12.30 years, respectively (p=0.979). Male-to-female ratio in group 1 was 4:27 and 4:28 in group 2. Capillary flow analysis revealed slightly higher values in group 1 than in group 2, with the former having a significantly higher select area in the outer retinal layer (p=0.001) and flow area in the choriocapillaris (p=0.002). Despite slightly higher values in group 1, there were no significant differences in SCP and DCP VDs (p > 0.05), FAZ area (p=0.471), PERIM (p=0.778), or FD-300 (p=0.527). ConclusionsETR appears to be associated with posterior segment changes, especially retinal microvascular morphology, even in asymptomatic ocular conditions. Given the disease's high rate of misdiagnosis, understanding rosacea-induced ocular manifestations is critical for ophthalmologists

P108: Analysis Of Postoperative Cytokine Adsorber Therapy (Cytosorbentstm Inc Cytosorb®) In Patients With Condition After Implantation Of A Mechanical Left Ventricular Assist Device (Medtronic Heartwaretm HVADTM System)

Background: The CytoSorb® is used to adsorb low and medium molecular weight hydrophobic substances to counteract increasing organ dysfunction by reducing inflammatory mediators, metabolites and proteins, thus potentially positively influencing the recovery process. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the CytoSorb® on the selected organ functions heart, kidneys and liver in patients undergoing implantation of a Medtronic HeartwareTM-HVADTM-LVAD. Methods: A monocentric retrospective observational study was performed. After evaluation of the in-clinic database, 19 patients underwent LVAD implantation at the Department of Cardiac Surgery, Erlangen University Hospital, from Nov 1, 2019 to Jan 1, 2021. Of these, 6 patients received postoperative therapy with CytoSorb® (CytoSorbentsTM Inc) and formed group “A” of this study. A control group “non-A” without CytoSorb® was matched to group “A” regarding: age, sex, BMI, EuroSCORE II, duration of surgery, defined pre- and postoperative laboratory parameters and outcome. The use of cytokine adsorber in group “A” was analyzed. Its effects on heart, kidneys and liver were assessed by defined laboratory parameters (myoglobin, CK, creatinine, urea, BUN, total bilirubin and AST) and at defined time points. The outcome of patients in group “A” was assessed by 30-day mortality. Results: The group comparison showed: group “A” had a higher arithmetic mean risk profile in the EuroSCORE II (m(A) 10.3% vs. m(non-A) 7.2%), a higher BMI (m(A) 32.26 kg/m2 vs. m(non-A) 26.75 kg/m2), and a longer duration of surgery (m(A) 176 min. vs. m(non-A) 145 min.). Preoperative laboratory parameters: higher values in group “A” for creatinine, urea, BUN, total bilirubin, and AST; lower values in group “A” for myoglobin and CK. 24 hours postoperatively: a statistically significant difference for total bilirubin (95% CI: 0.48 to 7.42; p = 0.03), at a fixed significance level of α < 0.05, no significant differences for myoglobin, CK, creatinine, urea and AST for both groups. Analysis of group “A” in the first 24 h after starting therapy: the serum levels of myoglobin, creatinine, urea, total bilirubin and AST did not increase further on arithmetic average or began to decrease moderately. For CK, this effect was seen with a 24 h time lag. A statistically significant decrease for urea was observed over the entire 72 h period (95% CI: - 35.097 to - 7.073; p = 0.006), and the use of the adsorber correlated with a decrease in the value by an average of 21.08 points. Outcome group “A” : 3 patients in group “A” with late mortality > 30 days. Conclusion: The CytoSorb® therapy in group “A” did not lead to any further increase in the arithmetic mean values of the laboratory values examined over the entire time course of the analysis. A rebound in serum levels was observed for myoglobin and total bilirubin after termination of adsorber therapy. Persistent or further increasing organ dysfunction of heart and liver could be considered as causal.

Determining the capacity for effort and recovery of the elite soccer players specialized in different playing positions.

The capacity for effort and recovery in performance sports can be increased by means of modern methodological strategies. This capacity to recover after intense matches and training helps to determine the performance in soccer. Using the Yumeiho technique will accelerate the exercise capacity recovery of the soccer players specialized in central zone positions. The research was conducted with the C.S. Internațional Bălești team, formed of 16 players, aged 19-37 years, divided into two groups: experimental group A, n = 8 with central area players and control group B, n = 8 with players from side zones. Measurement and assessment tests: determining lactic acid level (LAC) in blood; 60 m sprinting speed motor test (ST); anaerobic lactic exercise; Gacon Test for evaluating the aerobic power; VO2max test; Dorgo Test for determining the individual recovery capacity; Sleep Quality and Efficiency Index (PSQI) and sleep duration. Means used in the recovery strategy: easy running, static stretching, cryotherapy; Yumeiho therapy was applied only to group A to accelerate the recovery. The anaerobic lactic capacity was evaluated by 60 m sprint test at the beginning and the end of the research. The results highlight the increase of the sprinting speed by 0.08 s in group A (p < 0.001). The aerobic capacity evaluated by means of Gacon Test in both groups shows the value 23.7%, namely a well-prepared level (p < 0.001). VO2max value in the soccer players of group A shows 87.5% good aerobic power, while the players of group B have 50% good aerobic power (p < 0.001). The concentration of LAC after exercise has a higher value in group A (p > 0.05). The level of recovery after exercise is improved in both groups, with larger differences in group A (very good level, p < 0.001). The PSQI grew by 20.37% in group A and by 11% in group B. The sleep duration increased in both groups (p < 0.001). The results of the correlation analysis in the soccer players of group A highlight strong connections of 14.8% while in group B the value is 12.5%. The assessment of effort capacity in soccer players specialized in different playing positions at the beginning and the end of the research highlights the increase of the anaerobic lactic effort and aerobic effort. This assessment also shows the improvement of the individual recovery capacity. A higher PSQI and the increase of sleep duration in both groups, with greater differences of group A were found, which determined their level of capacity for effort and recovery. The use of the Yumeiho technique in the program of post-exercise recovery accelerates the aerobic and anaerobic lactic effort capacity of the soccer players specialized in the central zone positions. It positively influences exercise capacity recovery in general.

Dimensional Optimization of Graphene-Modified Polymethyl Methacrylate Material Used as an Aesthetic Removable Partial Denture Clasp Material

Abstract Objective Although graphene-modified polymethyl methacrylate material is a good candidate for partial denture clasp material, it lacks adequate strength. Therefore, the study aims to assess the optimal dimension of this nanomodified material required for such an application. Materials &amp; Methods A parametric finite element analysis study was conducted on 54 clasp 3D models at two displacement levels (0.25–0.5 mm) placed 3 mm from the clasp tip. The clasp models were categorized based on the dimensions into A, B, and C (3 subgroups in each) and six tapers from the tip to the base (0.5–1). Both reaction force in (N) and maximum principal stress in (MPa) were recorded and analyzed. The study was validated using the mechanical tester after digital manufacturing of the clasp specimens that showed satisfactory results. Statistical Analysis The correlations between width and thickness against reaction force and maximum principal stress were checked by a statistical analysis software package (SPSS version 22; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Data of the reaction force demonstrated nonparametric behavior, as tested by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Accordingly, Spearman's rho test for correlation was used. In contrast, the maximum principal stress data showed normal distribution, as tested by the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Thus, Pearson's test of correlation was applied. Results The results demonstrated the best retention force values, considering aesthetics, in subgroups C3 (taper 0.6), C3 (taper 0.8), and B3 (taper 1). The maximum principal stress results showed the highest values in group C followed by group B and then group A. Positive correlations were calculated between thickness and width versus reaction force and maximum principal stress. The correlation coefficient value between thickness and reaction force was 0.699 and that between width and reaction force was 0.621, while the correlation coefficient between thickness and maximum principal force was 0.899 and that between the width and maximum principal force was 0.740. Conclusion It could be concluded that the studied material might be recommended as a valid aesthetic clasp material. Both clasp thickness and width showed a positive correlation with the clasp retention force with more impact by the thickness.

Influence of dietary supplementation with new Lactobacillus strains on hematology, serum biochemistry, nutritional status, digestibility, enzyme activities, and immunity in dogs.

The use of antibiotics is associated with many side effects, with the development of bacterial resistance being particularly important. It has been found that dogs and their owners host similar resistant bacteria. This contributes to increased concurrent bacterial resistance and a possible trend of increased bacterial resistance in humans. Thus, using probiotics in dogs is an alternative option for preventing and reducing the transmission of bacterial resistance from dogs to humans. Probiotics are characterized by their potential to endure low pH levels and high concentrations of bile acids in the gastrointestinal tract. Lactobacilli are more acid-tolerant and resistant to bile acid, so they are ideal probiotics to be added to the canine diet. According to the previous studies, the benefits of Lactobacillus are a stable nutritional status and greater digestibility, along with improved fecal scores and reduced ammonia in dogs. However, no studies have been conducted with Lactobacillus plantarum CM20-8 (TISTR 2676), Lactobacillus acidophilus Im10 (TISTR 2734), Lactobacillus rhamnosus L12-2 (TISTR 2716), Lactobacillus paracasei KT-5 (TISTR 2688), and Lactobacillus fermentum CM14-8 (TISTR 2720), or their use in combination. Hence, the aim of this study was to examine the possible effects of the aforementioned Lactobacillus on hematological indices, nutritional status, digestibility, enzyme activities, and immunity in dogs. From the results, a new and safe strain of Lactobacillus may emerge for use as a probiotic in the future. In this study, 35 dogs were allocated equally into seven groups: Group 1 received a basal diet (control), while Groups 2-7 received the same diet further supplemented with L. plantarum CM20-8 (TISTR 2676), L. acidophilus Im10 (TISTR 2734), L. rhamnosus L12-2 (TISTR 2716), L. paracasei KT-5 (TISTR 2688), L. fermentum CM14-8 (TISTR 2720), or a mixture of probiotics (L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus, L. paracasei, and L. fermentum), respectively. All probiotics were administered at a dose of 109 colony-forming unit/dog for 28 days. Nutritional status, hematology, serum biochemistry, digestibility, enzyme activities, and immunity parameters were assessed. There were no differences among the groups in body weight, feed intake, body condition score, fecal score, and fecal dry matter on the different sampling days. The hematology and serum biochemical analyses showed a difference only in creatinine activity (p < 0.001), with higher values in group L. fermentum CM14-8 (TISTR 2720) and lower values in group L. paracasei KT-5 (TISTR 2688) than in controls. However, all measurements were within the normal laboratory reference ranges. Fecal characteristics (fecal ammonia and fecal pH), fecal digestive enzyme activities, serum immunoglobulin (IgG), and fecal IgA did not differ significantly among the groups (p > 0.05). Lactobacillus plantarum CM20-8 (TISTR 2676), L. acidophilus Im10 (TISTR 2734), L. rhamnosus L12-2 (TISTR 2716), L. paracasei KT-5 (TISTR 2688), and L. fermentum CM14-8 (TISTR 2720), along with their mixture are safe and non-pathogenic additives for use as new probiotic strains of Lactobacillus in dogs. Although the new Lactobacillus strains had no effect on hematology, serum biochemistry, nutritional status, digestive enzyme activities, immunity, body weight, feed intake, or body condition scores in dogs, further studies should investigate the intestinal microbiota and the development of clinical treatments.

Haematological Responses following Oestrus synchronisation and superovulation protocols in West African Dwarf Goats

Experiments were performed to evaluate the haematological (erythrocyte and leucocyte parameters) response of West African Dwarf goats following oestrus synchronisation and superovulation protocol. Twenty-four clinically healthy female goats aged 2.34 ± 0.4 years and average body weight of 13.83 ± 0.7 kg was used for the experiment. The goats were divided into two groups. Group I goats was synchronized using Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR) for 18 days with the first day of insertion as day 0. On day 16 following CIDR insertion into the vagina, a single dose of 500 IU equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) was administered to each doe intramuscularly while group II served as the control was subjected to the same housing and environmental conditions but was not synchronized. superovulation was induced with porcine follicle stimulating hormone (pFSH) which was injected intramuscularly at a rate of 5mg/kg in reducing doses twice a day at 06.00 h and 18.00 h for 3 days starting from 48hr i.e., 2 days before CIDR removal (day 17). A blood sample of 5 mL was collected by jugular venipuncture of each of the goats before the protocol (Day 0) and at the end of the protocol (Day 18). All erythrocyte parameters evaluated showed a significantly higher value in group II (control) compared to group I post-oestrus synchronisation while total leucocyte count, neutrophil count and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio values obtained after the protocol were also higher in group I (P &lt; 0.05) compared to group II. It is therefore concluded that oestrus synchronisation and superovulation may elicit stress in West African Dwarf goats and an appropriate antioxidant should be part of the protocol.

Evaluation of the regenerative capacity of stem cells combined with bone graft material and collagen matrix using a rabbit calvarial defect model.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the regenerative capacity of stem cells combined with bone graft material and a collagen matrix in rabbit calvarial defect models according to the type and form of the scaffolds, which included type I collagen matrix and synthetic bone. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained from the periosteum of participants. Four symmetrical 6-mm-diameter circular defects were made in New Zealand white rabbits using a trephine drill. The defects were grafted with (1) group 1: synthetic bone (β-tricalcium phosphate/hydroxyapatite [β-TCP/HA]) and 1×105 MSCs; (2) group 2: collagen matrix and 1×105 MSCs; (3) group 3: β-TCP/HA, collagen matrix covering β-TCP/HA, and 1×105 MSCs; or (4) group 4: β-TCP/HA, chipped collagen matrix mixed with β-TCP/HA, and 1×105 MSCs. Cellular viability and cell migration rates were analyzed. Uneventful healing was achieved in all areas where the defects were made at 4 weeks, and no signs of infection were identified during the healing period or at the time of retrieval. New bone formation was more evident in groups 3 and 4 than in the other groups. A densitometric analysis of the calvarium at 8 weeks post-surgery showed the highest values in group 3. This study showed that the highest regeneration was found when the stem cells were applied to synthetic bone along with a collagen matrix.