Higher Levels Of Resilience Research Articles

The relationship between resilience and mental health of undergraduate students: A scoping review

Objective The aim of this scoping review was to examine what is known about the relationship between the resilience and mental health of undergraduate students enrolled in university or college programs, globally. Methods Five electronic databases were searched, yielding a total of 1,498 articles that were screened independently by two researchers. Thirteen articles were eligible for inclusion. Results The mental health of undergraduate students in the studies reviewed ranged from low to moderate. Undergraduate students also reported high, moderate, and low levels of resilience. Further, resilience was positively correlated with mental well-being. Conclusion Findings revealed that the mental health of undergraduate students was poor. Given the established relationship between students’ mental health and resilience, evidence-based approaches aimed at strengthening students’ resilience, such as providing opportunities for social support, are warranted in order to improve students’ mental health. Additional research to rigorously assess this relationship in representative student populations is needed.

Analysis of the impact of pressure on performance among professional darts players

The aim of the study was to examine whether and to what extent increased levels of pressure affect the performance quality of the world’s top darts players. This investigation contributes to the understanding of the psychological factors that influence performance in professional darts and in professional sports overall. Data was collected from over sixty professional tournaments held over a period of two years. The players were divided into 5 groups based on the quality of their performance during the studied period. The point values were divided into 7 groups, where the criterion was the difficulty of finishing the leg at a given score. The level of pressure was primarily determined by the opponent’s score situation in a given moment. Data analysis using statistical methods such as tests of proportions and the Cochran-Armitage test did not indicate any statistically significant impacts of pressure on performance among professional players – neither positive nor negative. The results indicate a high level of mental resilience among professional darts players.

Impact of continued mindfulness practice on resilience and well-being in mindfulness-based intervention graduates during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused unprecedented stress. Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are known to be effective in reducing stress. However, it is unclear how long-term outcomes differ between those who continue mindfulness practice after MBIs and those who do not. In this study, we hypothesized that those who continued mindfulness practice would have higher stress tolerance, and we examined this hypothesis through a survey of MBI graduates. In this study, we examined the association between the continuation of mindfulness practice among MBI completers and individual stress during the COVID-19 epidemic. A cross-sectional survey of MBI graduates was conducted. The physical and mental health states were compared between those who established a habit of mindfulness practice (practice group) and those who did not (no practice group). The data were collected from 95 participants (response rate: 53.7%). Of the total respondents, 66 (69.5%) practiced mindfulness. Although the degree of perceived stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic was not statistically different between the practice and no practice groups, the practice group showed significantly lower levels of depression (p = 0.007), higher levels of resilience (p = 0.006), higher levels of overall health (p = 0.006), and higher levels of mental health (p = 0.039). The effect of mindfulness practice on reducing depression was fully mediated by resilience. Among MBI graduates, those who regularly practiced mindfulness had lower levels of depression and higher levels of physical and mental health. Thus, the continuation of mindfulness practice increases resilience, buffers against new stressors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and has the potential to prevent depression.

Protective role of resilience on the associations between childhood maltreatment and internalising and externalising problems.

Different types of childhood maltreatment have negative effects on individual mental and behavioural outcomes. However, most of previous studies investigated their effects separately. Little is known about the effects of co-occurring maltreatment profiles on adolescents' developmental outcomes and the potential protective factor. The current study sought to identify distinct profiles of childhood maltreatment and examine the effects of profiles of childhood maltreatment on internalising and externalising problems and the protective role of resilience based on two-wave longitudinal data, which was collected from a sample of 670 Chinese adolescents (Mage=15.50, SDage=0.75, 48.4% boys). Four profiles of childhood maltreatment, that is, No maltreatment (67.9%), High neglect (23.0%), High abuse and neglect/Low sexual abuse (5.0%), and Multi-maltreatment (4.1%), were identified. Adolescents in High neglect, High abuse and neglect/Low sexual abuse, and Multi-maltreatment profiles were more likely to report internalising and externalising problems. Further, significant moderating effects of resilience only emerged for the association between the High neglect profile and internalising problems, such that high levels of resilience may weaken the association between the High neglect profile and internalising problems. Our findings revealed the importance and utility of identifying maltreatment profiles to tailor treatment based on specific maltreatment experiences. Resilience-oriented intervention could be considered for Chinese adolescents who have experienced high neglect.

Contextualizing Resilience in Young People: The Use of Child and Youth Resilience Measure Revised and Interviews in a Mixed Method Approach

ABSTRACT Purpose This paper seeks to understand the role of an innovative Employability Programme on developing the resilience of young people Not in Education Training or Employment (NEET). Method Through a mixed-method approach, this paper explores the individual, contextual, and social aspects that impact on individual resilience. Combining the Child and Youth Resilience Measure-Revised (CYRM-R) with qualitative interviews allows for the investigation of how context, relationships, and support shape young people’s resilience offering a holistic approach. Results The quantitative results reveal a significant association between higher levels of resilience and factors such as school attendance and living in areas with lower crime rates. Lower resilience is observed among individuals experiencing higher levels of deprivation. Qualitative findings shed light on the multifaceted nature of resilience, highlighting its connection to community and society (sub-themes: education and employment, external pressure, support and access to services) as well as individual and psychological aspects (sub-themes: managing stressful situations and bouncing back). Discussion These findings emphasize that resilience is not a static or one-dimensional process dependent on a single factor, it is a dynamic and ongoing process influenced by multiple factors. The interactions between young people and families, friends, education providers, and other service providers play a crucial role in promoting resilience. Conclusion Overall, this research aids our understanding of how connections between all these levels can boost or limit individual resilience. It can help practitioners and policymakers understand how tailored activities, accounting for multiple aspects, are able to improve individual resilience.

Fear, Optimism, Pessimism, and Resilience in Jordanian Population during COVID-19 Crisis

Background: COVID-19 spread to pandemic levels in a matter of weeks. COVID-19 is a pandemic that affected people worldwide and resulted in negative psychological consequences. It is essential to understand the factors that assisted people in adapting to this pandemic. Objective: The study aimed to assess resilience and its predictors during the COVID-19 pandemic among the Jordanian population. Methods: A cross-sectional design with purposive snowball sampling was used. The sample included 913 participants. Data were collected using online questionnaires, including the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Fear of COVID-19 Scale, and Arabic Scale of Optimism and Pessimism. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data. Results: The mean total score of fear, optimism, pessimism, and resilience was 17.54 (SD= 5.9), 51 (SD= 13.51), 24.84 (SD= 12.31), and 24.73 (SD=6.2), respectively. Up to 75% of the sample scored 29 or less on the resilience scale. Employment status, fear of COVID-19, optimism, and pessimism were significant predictors of resilience. Conclusion: Jordanian population showed lower resilience levels. Individuals who were employed, optimistic, and not pessimistic had a lower level of fear of COVID-19 and a higher level of resilience. The findings from the study emphasize the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on essential aspects of the psychological health of populations.

The Relationship of Resilience, Self-Compassion, and Social Support to Psychological Distress in Women Collegiate Athletes During COVID-19

Given how COVID-19 had caused significant increases in collegiate athletes’ psychological distress, we examined the extent to which such distress may have been ameliorated by the athletes’ psychosocial resources (e.g., resilience). We used structural equation modeling to examine the direct and indirect relationships of resilience, self-compassion, and social support to women collegiate athletes’ (N = 3,924; 81.2% White) psychological distress; athletes completed measures of these constructs from mid-April to mid-May 2020. Analyses revealed significant direct effects: More supported (β = −0.12 to −0.19), self-compassionate (β = −0.48 to −0.53), and resilient (β = −0.21 to −0.35) athletes experienced less psychological distress (R2 = .61–.65). Further, self-compassion and social support were related indirectly (and inversely) to psychological distress through higher levels of resilience. These psychosocial resources appear to have played a positive role in how athletes coped with the pandemic, being associated with less psychological distress. These findings have application beyond the pandemic, providing direction for how sport psychology professionals may assist athletes in maintaining their well-being.

Resilience and self-compassion among persons with depressive disorders: Prerequisite for a positive mental health approach.

Treatment gap for common mental health problems, especially of the depressive disorders is consequential in developing countries like India. Positive mental health domains like resilience and self-compassion have been long hailed as protective factors against depression and viable for use in therapeutic aspects. The objectives were to find an association between resilience, self-compassion, and depression. The study was conducted using a cross-sectional design among 75 respondents who were seeking treatment for major depressive disorders from a tertiary care center during the second wave of COVID-19. Three scales were administered online, namely Beck's Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), Connor Davidson Resilience Scale (CD RISC-25), and Self-Compassion Scale-Short Form (SCS-SF). Spearman's rank correlation test, Chi-square with Fisher's exact test, and Kruskal Wallis H test were used to study the relationships and differences in average scores with respect to the severity of depression. Most of the respondents had moderate depressive features along with moderately high levels of resilience (CD RISC 25) and self-compassion (SCS-SF) scores. Resilience and self-compassion were found to have no significant relationship with respect to the severity of depression. There was a weakly positive correlation between resilience and self-compassion among those with moderate and severe depression. Since the individuals with depression had higher scores on resilience and self-compassion, the levels of depression remained at moderate levels of severity despite the devastating impact of the second wave of COVID-19 in the Indian sub-continent. Results are to be interpreted with respect to psychosocial contexts arising during the COVID-19 pandemic. Mental health programs can incorporate the variables of resilience and self-compassion in intervention among individuals with depression which have likely been beneficial in their process of recovery.

Relationship Between Resilience, Community Participation, and Successful Aging Among Older Adults in South Korea: Mediating Role of Community Participation.

A high level of resilience is positively related to successful aging. However, interventions to increase resilience in older adults are not yet available. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of community participation in the relationship between resilience and successful aging. Data from 284 individuals aged 60years and above were analyzed in this cross-sectional study. The pathways among resilience, community participation, and successful aging were statistically significant after controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, depression, disability, and chronic disease. The analysis revealed a partial mediating effect of community participation (unstandardized estimate = .01, p < .01), explaining 16.4% of the total effect of resilience on successful aging. Promoting community participation may be beneficial for enhancing successful aging in community-dwelling older adults. Further studies to examine the causal relationship between community participation and successful aging and to develop community services are recommended to use community resources as means to support successful aging.

Enhancing corporate readiness for and resilience to future public health threats, development and deployment of the public health readiness and resilience (PHRR) assessment tool.

As the world suffered through the COVID-19 pandemic, it is increasingly clear that the health of populations is foundational to a high-functioning economy, corporate well-being, and a core driver of social justice. Thus, companies need to understand how to become more resilient to current and future threats. This study (1) explored dimensions of resilience from a public health risk-specific lens and reviewed existing evaluation tools and frameworks to develop a methodology and framework (Public Health Readiness and Resilience-PHRR Assessment Tool) for organizations; and (2) leveraged the framework to evaluate a sample of large corporations to validate the insights the tool can provide, confirm functionality, and evaluate the ability to leverage publicly available vs. propriety data to complete the assessment. We conducted a non-exhaustive search for relevant indices using key word searches and cascade sampling. For the initial review of indices (n = 24), the team evaluated each document based on predefined criteria. Gaps identified in the available indices informed the development of the PHRR assessment tool. The tool was then used to examine real-world companies (n = 22) from eight different industries. Findings from the PHRR tool illustrated variation in readiness and resilience as well as the availability of data. Approximately half of the companies analyzed (n = 11) indicated high levels of potential resilience and readiness with significant data available. Leveraging the PHRR Assessment Tool can inform investments and cross-sector partnerships that enhance companies' readiness and resilience to a variety of public health threats. Additional research is needed to further validate this tool.

Family farming systems: An index-based approach to the drivers of agroecological principles in the southern Andes

Global social-ecological crises call for the identification and promotion of resilient agrifood systems. Agroecology can help addressing these challenges by fostering high levels of diversity and climate resilience. The application of agroecological principles (i.e. social-ecological processes translated into practices with positive effects on the conservation, stability and resilience of agriculture), increases systems’ response capacity and ability to adapt to crises. Agroecology has its roots in indigenous agriculture but social-ecological filters (i.e. human-nature factors that remove or reinforce agroecological practices) may be, at times, shifting away these systems from agroecological principles. The dynamism of territories has prompted the arrival of new actors to rural areas such as lifestyle migrants. In this study, we assess the extent to which agroecological principles are present in family farming in the southern Andes and identify factors that can act as “social-ecological filters” of management practices, affecting the level of agroecology in these systems. We applied questionnaires to 80 gardeners (40 campesinos and 40 migrants), asking about 35 management practices and their socio-demographic profiles. We developed an Index of Agroecological Principles (IAP) to estimate the presence/absence of management practices that contribute to seven agroecological principles (four biological and three sociocultural). Most principles showed a presence over 0.5 (50%). We found a positive relationship between biological and cultural principles (r = 0.56; p < 0.01). Biodiversity was the principle with the highest presence (0.72 ± 0.01). The value of the IAP was higher for indigenous and non-indigenous campesinos (4.5 ± 0.1; ß = 4.27) than for migrants (3.9 ± 0.12; ß = −0.4). The origin of the gardener, the age of the homegarden and the size of the farm, were the most influential social-ecological filters that selectively remove or reinforce agroecological practices in homegardens. We discuss the potential of an Index of Agroecological Principles in homegarden management for strengthening agroecology and resilience to social-ecological changes in a Global Biodiversity Hotspot and beyond.

Stigma towards mental illness, resilience, and help-seeking behaviours in undergraduate students in Hong Kong.

Early interventions have great impact on reducing burden of mental illness. Young people are however the least likely to seek help for psychological issues. Resilience and stigma towards mental illness have been identified as contributing factors, although previous findings were mixed with potentially complex interaction with symptom severity. We investigated the relationship between stigma, resilience, depressive symptom severity, and help-seeking behaviours in undergraduate students in Hong Kong. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among undergraduates from a university in Hong Kong (n = 945). The 21-item Stigma and Acceptance Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were used. History of help-seeking for psychological issues was self-reported. Path analysis was conducted to test a conceptual model of their relationships. Among those with moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms (39.5%), only one-fourth had sought professional help. The path model showed that depressive symptom severity and stigma were positively associated with help-seeking behaviours, while resilience was negatively associated with help-seeking behaviours independently (all p < .001). Subgroup analyses showed differential contribution of stigma and resilience to a history of help-seeking in those with minimal-to-mild symptoms compared with moderate-to-severe symptoms. Stigma may be a barrier for help-seeking particularly in students with moderate-to-severe depression. Higher levels of resilience in young people may be protective and reduce the unnecessary seeking of professional help. Therefore, enhancing resilience among students in general, and reducing stigma and promoting help-seeking behaviours for those who have moderate-to-severe symptoms should be consider in parallel as strategies to enhance mental wellbeing of students.

Effect of Resilience on Burnout in Online Learning Environment

The COVID-19 virus outbreak has affected all aspects of human life. The challenges of education during the pandemic could have an impact on coping with stress. The aim of the current study was to explore the effects of people’s resilience to stress on burnout symptoms. We used The Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach, 1982), while the capacity to cope with stress and recover was measured with the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003). There were 375 participants, 235 women and 140 men, between the ages of 18 and 48 years old (M = 21.43; SD = 3.93), learning in higher education institutions. We performed several regression analyses using a stepwise method. Adaptability (β = -.38, p &lt; .01), external control (β = .23, p &lt; .01), seeking social support (β = -.26, p &lt; .01), and decisiveness (β = .17, p &lt; .01) were found to be significant predictors of emotional exhaustion (R2 adj = .175). When it comes to personal accomplishments significant predictors were purposefulness (β = .29, p &lt; .01), decisiveness (β = .19, p &lt; .01), and adaptability (β = .13, p &lt; .01) (R2adj = .304). Social support (β = -.36, p = .00), external control (β = .24, p &lt; .01) and purposefulness (β = -.18, p &lt; .01) were significant predictors of depersonalization (R2adj = .186). The findings from the present study show that high levels of resilience to stress have a protective effect on the manifestations of burnout symptoms. These results have implications for proposing theoretical foundations for burnout prevention strategies in an online learning context. Also, enrich intervention techniques connected with achieving higher adaptability.

Secondary Traumatic Stress and Burnout Among Child Welfare Social Workers in Southern China: Focusing on Resilience and Social Support

ABSTRACT This study aimed to examine factors associated with secondary traumatic stress (STS) and burnout and test the direct effect of resilience and the indirect effect of resilience via social support on STS and burnout among child welfare social workers in Southern China. Results indicated that higher levels of resilience and social support were significantly associated with lower odds of STS and burnout, and there was a significant indirect effect of resilience via social support on STS and burnout. Results imply that it is critical to facilitate positive effects of resilience on decreasing STS and burnout via providing social support.

Impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women

The COVID-19 pandemic has been a worldwide problem, causing considerable repercussions on the physical and mental health of many people. This impact has a significant prevalence on the mental health of pregnant women, especially women in early pregnancy and younger. In this context, this study sought to discuss the various impacts caused by the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women. This study is an integrative review that aims to answer the following guiding question “What is the latest information on the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women?”. The search was performed in the Medline, LILACS and SciELO databases, including complete clinical trials published in the last 5 years, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Eleven articles were selected, making up this review's final sample. As a result, it was noted that the mental health of pregnant women was significantly impaired during the pandemic phase, increasing the occurrence of mental suffering, fear, depression, anxiety and stress. All these conditions were related to direct and indirect impacts of the pandemic, such as difficulty in accessing prenatal care, insecurities about an unpredictable virus, possibility of vertical transmission, decline in professional status and reduced income. Furthermore, it was found that high-quality sleep, higher levels of resilience, low screen time and physical exercise acted as protective factors against symptoms of anxiety and depression. It is concluded, therefore, that the COVID-19 pandemic is related to an increase in the prevalence of anxiety, depression and worsening of previous mental disorders in pregnant women, showing the need for public intervention to improve perinatal mental health during the period affected by the new coronavirus.

Are shrinking populations stifling urban resilience? Evidence from 111 resource-based cities in China

Improving urban economic resilience is crucial for achieving urban economic growth and sustainable development. However, population shrinkage is not conducive to improving economic resilience. Few studies have examined the impact of population shrinkage in resource-based cities (RBCs) on economic resilience. This study analyzes the effects of population shrinkage on the economic resilience of RBCs to provide insights for enhancing the ability of RBCs to effectively navigate various acute shocks and chronic pressures. We create an evaluation system to assess the economic resilience of RBCs, investigating the economic stability, diversity, innovation, and recovery aspects of 111 RBCs in China. Geo-tree, spatial lag, and mediating effects models are applied to examine the impact of population shrinkage on economic resilience and its spillover effects. The results show that cities with high levels of economic resilience are concentrated in the central and eastern regions of China. Population shrinkage in regression and growth cities has a significant negative effect on economic resilience. Additionally, population shrinkage in recession cities has a positive spillover effect on the economic resilience of surrounding regions. Lastly, the degree of informatization partially mediates the relationship between population shrinkage and economic resilience.

Ethnic identity and resilience: a moderated mediation analysis of protective factors for self-blame and racial microaggressions.

People of Color (PoC) in the United States encounter everyday racial microaggressions, and these commonplace experiences can wear and exhaust PoC's resources. Racial microaggressions have shown detrimental effects on physical and psychological well-being. Consequently, researchers have examined and tested different ways in which PoC cope and protect themselves from these everyday exchanges. Past findings have indicated that PoC might blame themselves for racism-related occurrences to cope with these commonplace discriminatory experiences. Ethnic identity and resilience have emerged in research as protective factors that can moderate and buffer the impact of racism on PoC's well-being. We used a combination of mediation, moderation, and conditional analyses to unpack the relationships between racial microaggression (predictor), psychological distress (outcome), self-blame (mediator), resilience (moderator), and ethnic identity (moderator). This study used a cross-sectional design and sampled 696 PoC regarding their experiences and responses to racial microaggressions. We tested the association between psychological distress and racial microaggressions and further examined whether self-blame mediated the relationship. We also tested ethnic identity and resilience as moderators and used a conditional analysis to determine whether these protective factors moderated the mediation model. Findings from the mediation, moderation, and conditional analyses supported our four hypotheses: (H1) self-blame mediated the relation between racial microaggressions and psychological distress (mediation), (H2) ethnic identity moderated the association between racial microaggressions and self-blame but only at low and average levels (moderation), (H3) resilience moderated the relation between self-blame and psychological distress but only at low and average levels (moderation), and (H4) evidence of moderated mediation were found for all five variables (conditional). While statistically significant, most moderation effects were minimal to small. PoC may engage in self-blame when experiencing racial microaggressions, which explains why these everyday, commonplace occurrences might lead to psychological distress. There was evidence that ethnic identity and resilience can protect PoC from the negative effects of racial microaggressions. These buffering effects, however, only emerged for PoC endorsing high levels of ethnic identity and resilience, and it should be noted that for most participants, the link between racial microaggressions and psychological distress was still significant. Future studies might need to explore additional individual and interpersonal alongside institutional factors that can protect PoC from racism-related harms.

Examining Resilience and its Role in Positive Psychological Outcomes

The deep connection between resilience and favorable psychological outcomes, such as life satisfaction, pleasure, and general well-being, was examined in this study. The study used a quantitative technique to try to understand how resilience affects people's subjective well-being.&#x0D; The study's findings showed that participants generally demonstrated a high level of resilience. Resilience was linked to moderate to high levels of happiness, life satisfaction, and general wellbeing. These findings support the corpus of prior research emphasizing resilience's critical contribution to the development of favorable psychological outcomes.&#x0D; The standard deviations, which show the data's variety, highlighted how different each person's experiences are. Although resilience has gained recognition as a resource for fostering positive outcomes, its impacts have been influenced by a variety of variables, such as personal coping mechanisms, social support networks, and unique life situations.&#x0D; These findings have useful ramifications for initiatives designed to improve wellbeing. Interventions that increase resilience give people the tools they need to overcome challenges, encourage happy feelings, and eventually improve their general happiness, well-being, and sense of fulfillment in life. The study also emphasizes the significance of tailored strategies for improving well-being that take into account and cater to individual characteristics and requirements.&#x0D; But it's important to recognize the study's drawbacks, like the cross-sectional design and reliance on self-report metrics. To provide a greater knowledge of the dynamic interaction between resilience and beneficial psychological effects, future research initiatives might take into account longitudinal designs and qualitative methodologies.&#x0D; In summary, this work offers important new understandings about how resilience affects psychologically beneficial consequences. The importance of resilience in fostering life satisfaction, pleasure, and general well-being is emphasized, and the necessity of individualized ways to enhancing well-being is also emphasized. In the end, people can negotiate life's problems while also thriving and cultivating a life that is marked by contentment, happiness, and flourishing by understanding and growing resilience.

Patient-reported experiences of cancer care related to the COVID-19 pandemic in Switzerland

PurposeThis study aims to describe the experience of Swiss oncological patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA national multi-center study including five hospitals covering the three main language regions of Switzerland was conducted between March and July 2021. Patients with melanoma, breast, lung, or colon cancer receiving active systemic anti-cancer treatment at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic were included. We conducted semi-structured telephone or onsite interviews alongside the administration of distress and resilience-validated questionnaires. Thematic analysis was performed for the qualitative data and descriptive statistics for the quantitative data.ResultsSixty-two cancer patients with a mean age of 61 (SD=14) (58% female) were interviewed. Based on the interviews, we identified that the experience of having cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic was related to five dimensions: psychological, social, support, healthcare, and vaccination. Three themes transverse the five dimensions: (a) needs, (b) positive changes, and (c) phases of the pandemic. In general, patients did not experience delays or disruptions in their cancer treatment nor felt additionally burdened by the pandemic. Lockdown and isolation were reported as mixed experiences (positive and negative), and access to vaccination reassured patients against the risk of infection and instilled hope to return to normalcy. Additionally, we found low distress levels (M=2.9; SD=2.5) and high resilience scores (M=7; SD=1.3) in these patients.ConclusionSwiss patients with cancer did not express major needs or disruptions in their care during this period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results identify the mixed experiences of patients and highlight the high resilience levels.

Finding Satisfaction in Life: Correlational Study on Relationship of Self-Reflection, Resilience, and Life Satisfaction

Teachers are perceived as one of the most important members of our society, however it can be a highly demanding profession. The goal of this study is to serve as a basis into improving the life satisfaction of those in such an important profession, at same time, to determine the relationship between self-reflection, resilience, and life satisfaction in a descriptive correlational study. Active teaching professionals (n=150) in some cities of Metro Manila were gathered, and made to answer the Satisfaction With Life Scale, Brief Resilience Scale, and Satisfaction With Life Scale. Results were tallied, then analyzed, resulting in very high levels of self-reflection (u = 4.45), high levels of resilience (u = 3.31), and also very high levels of life satisfaction (u = 5.18). In terms of correlation, positive correlations were found in both the relationship of self-reflection and resilience (r = 0.242), as well as the relationship of self-reflection and life satisfaction (r = 0.346). However, no correlation was found in resilience and life satisfaction (r = 0.086).