High-quality Medical Care Research Articles

Financial support for guaranteed medical care and indicators of the health capital of the Russian population

BACKGROUND: Financial support for medical care is one of the conditions for the implementation of the state’s social objectives and strategic provision of the required level of health capital for the population. Financial resources of compulsory health insurance account for more than 48% in the structure of sources of financing of guaranteed medical care. AIM: Analysis of the relationship between basic integral indicators of population health capital and the level of financial security of medical care within the framework of the compulsory health insurance program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was carried out using the method of correlation and regression analysis, the method of constructing time series, comparative analysis of quantitative and qualitative indicators. RESULTS: Financial support for medical care within the framework of compulsory medical insurance in 2011-2022. was characterized by significant underfunding and a decrease in the coverage of the population with timely and high-quality medical care. Government expenditures within the framework of compulsory health insurance are determined by the dynamics of GDP per capita. The volume of expenses for the provision of guaranteed medical care does not directly determine the level of life expectancy, birth rate and disability of the population. The scale of financial support within the framework of compulsory health insurance only partially mediates the variation in such indicators of health capital as natural population growth and the level of general morbidity. CONCLUSION: The absence of a formalized positive correlation between indicators of the volume of state financial resources within the framework of compulsory medical insurance and indicators of health capital for 2011-2022, revealed in the framework of the study. can be considered as a direction for increasing the efficiency of the organizational and economic mechanism for using limited resources.

Demographic challenges in the context of the state policy of the Russian Federation in the sphere of maternity and childhood protection

The article examines current demographic trends in Russia in comparison with population changes based on data from the Federal State Statistics Service of Russia (Rosstat) and the UN Population Division. The specifi cs of the age structure of the population of Russia, formed by a number of demographic waves, are such that changes in the number of births and the size of age groups occur in waves; this trend will continue in the coming decades. The state policy of the Russian Federation in the fi eld of family support, aimed at increasing the total fertility rate from 1.3 to 1.6 by 2030 and to 1.8 by 2036, should provide for the introduction of new health-preserving and reproductive health protection technologies, the development of childhood infrastructure, antenatal clinics and perinatal centers for high-quality and aff ordable medical care for mothers and children.

Communicative Skills in Medical Students

Positive interaction between the doctor and the patient affects the treatment outcome, as well as the level of satisfaction with healthcare services. Many young doctors experience communicative issues that can lead to negative consequences for all stakeholders. The research featured various problems in shaping communicative skills in medical students. It involved a review of scientific publications, a survey of first-year medical students (n = 20), and an analysis of 40 negative feedbacks from patients. The communicative issues included: lack of eye contact / active listening, misleading mimics, inappropriate intonation / voice volume, violation of private space, insufficient or excessive amount of information, lack of bedside manners / respect for patients. The list of communication skills to be mastered by medical students in order to improve the quality of medical care included: eye contact, self-presentation, active listening, conflict management, strategies of delivering bad news, and conclusion phrases. The data obtained make it possible to identify key aspects that affect the formation of communicative skills in future doctors, as well as to propose methods for its improvement at university level. The authors emphasize the importance of developing communicative skills in future doctors to provide high-quality medical care and prevent emotional burnout in young professionals.

Human Biosafety Concept when Carrying out Medical Procedures Related to the Use of High Medical Technologies in the Field of Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues: Constitutional and Legal Aspect

The article is devoted to the analysis of the concept of human biosafety during medical procedures using high medical technologies in the field of transplantation of human organs and (or) tissues. An analysis of the regulatory framework in the field of ensuring human biological safety during medical procedures in the field of transplantation and donation is provided, which demonstrates that the biosafety of patients in the Russian Federation is ensured by providing recipients with high-quality biomaterial as strictly established by the legislator based on the achievements of modern medical science. The legislation establishes medical restrictions for potential donors in order to ensure the biological safety of recipients. Special requirements have also been established for medical personnel who have the right to carry out medical procedures related to the transplantation of human organs and tissues. The domestic legislator is actively implementing the concept of biological safety in the field of VMT use by establishing certain criteria and restrictions for this type of assistance, which ensures citizens the right to receive qualified, high-quality medical care in the field of transplantation and donation of human organs and (or) tissues.

Caring for Transgender and Gender Diverse Prehospital Patients: a NAEMSP Position Statement and Resource Document

ABSTRACT Transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people have long faced significant barriers to safely accessing medical care–especially gender-affirming care, which has been shown to strikingly improve health outcomes like suicidality and depression. In the prehospital setting, gender-affirming care amounts to showing respect for the TGD patient’s identified gender and maintaining a safe environment that fosters a positive therapeutic relationship throughout the encounter. This represents a challenge for many Emergency Medical Services (EMS) systems due to the lack of TGD-specific training for EMS clinicians, a paucity of TGD-specific research to inform EMS education and clinical care, and in some cases the resistance of EMS clinicians to such training. Transgender and gender diverse people are facing a regression in legal access to essential medical care. With this position statement, NAEMSP joins other professional medical societies in providing recommendations to improve care for TGD patients, thereby affirming TGD individuals’ right to exist as their authentic selves, as well as their entitlement to the same high-quality prehospital medical care as their cisgender peers. NAEMSP Recommends: EMS clinicians should maintain basic cultural competency regarding TGD populations, including familiarity with TGD-related health and health care disparities, consideration of TGD populations as underserved, and understanding the centrality of stigma and transphobia in creating disparities and other challenges which complicate daily life for TGD people. EMS clinicians should demonstrate cultural humility towards the TGD community, which includes self-assessment of knowledge gaps, as well as openness to new or unfamiliar ideas, information, and advice from those with different lived experiences. EMS clinicians should understand basic TGD-specific terminology and use appropriate language–including patient-identified name and pronouns–during direct patient care, in handoffs, and in documentation. EMS clinicians should treat a patient’s TGD status as sensitive health information and take care not to inadvertently disclose this information without the patient’s express permission. EMS clinicians should have a basic understanding of social transitioning and of gender-affirming medical and surgical treatments. EMS clinicians should employ a trauma-informed approach when caring for TGD patients. EMS education and training should incorporate learning domains that address comprehensive care for TGD patients, with educational content providing the specific knowledge and skills required to promote equitable care. EMS workplaces should implement policies to improve recruitment and retention of TGD personnel, covering harassment protection, non-discrimination practices, inclusive working environments, equal advancement opportunity and tailored employee benefits. Future EMS research should focus on elucidating the disparities in and barriers to prehospital care of the TGD patient population with emphasis on patient experience and education of prehospital clinicians.

Experimental burn models for evaluating wound healing agents and its current situation and existing disadvantages: a literature review

BACKGROUND: Burns remain a crucial part of the structure of injuries in Russia and abroad. Therefore, providing high-quality medical care to burn victims is relevant. Despite the large number of proposed solutions to this condition, developments in the field of tissue engineering and medical materials science still lack standardization and consideration of specific features of animal burn models for their testing. Many studies showed minor and major disadvantages from a technical and descriptive point of view. AIM: To analyze and identify the main disadvantages of existing burn models to assess the effect of wound healing agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This article examines the search results in the databases Google Scholar and PubMed using the keywords “burns,” “rats,” “animal model,” and “wound healing.” Sixty publications were analyzed. RESULTS: Seven quality criteria for the animal burn model have been determined, which allow obtaining reliable results and reproducing the described experiment: indication of the terms of quarantine and conditions of keeping laboratory animals, detailed description of the technique of applying burn injury, presence of one burn on a laboratory animal, presence of a control biopsy, indication of the absolute value of the initial burn area, presence of surgical treatment of burn wounds, and correct use of formulas for the planimetric assessment of wound healing. CONCLUSIONS: A solution to the problem of creating a standardized model may be a more detailed description of techniques and following the proposed quality criteria.

Analyzing deep textual facial patterns for human pain sentiment recognition system in smart healthcare framework

BACKGROUND: Patient sentiment analysis aids in identifying issue areas, timely remediation, and improved patient care by the healthcare professional. The relationship between pain management and patient sentiment analysis is crucial to providing patients with high-quality medical care. Therefore, a self-reported pain level assessment is required for the smart healthcare framework to determine the best course of treatment. OBJECTIVE: An efficient method for a pain sentiment recognition system has been proposed based on the analysis of human facial emotion patterns of patients in the smart healthcare framework. METHODS: The proposed system has been implemented in four phases: (i) in the first phase, the facial regions of the observation patient have been detected using the computer vision-based face detection technique; (ii) in the second phase, the extracted facial regions are analyzed using deep learning based feature representation techniques to extract discriminant and crucial facial features to analyze the level of pain emotion of patient; (iii) the level of pain emotions belongs from macro to micro facial expressions, so, some advanced feature tunning and representation techniques are built along with deep learning based features such as to distinguish low to high pain emotions among the patients in the third phase of the implementation, (iv) finally, the performance of the proposed system is enhanced using the score fusion techniques applied on the obtained deep pain recognition models for the smart healthcare framework. RESULTS: The performance of the proposed system has been tested using two standard facial pain benchmark databases, the UNBC-McMaster shoulder pain expression archive dataset and the BioVid Heat Pain Dataset, and the results are compared with some existing state-of-the-art methods employed in this research area. CONCLUSIONS: From extensive experiments and comparative studies, it has been concluded that the proposed pain sentiment recognition system performs remarkably well compared to the other pain recognition systems for the smart healthcare framework.

Effective Communication As A Demanded Vector Of Development Of A Modern Medical Center

Competent communication between a doctor and a patient is one of the most important aspects of high-quality medical care. Effective communication helps improve the quality of consultations, increase patient satisfaction and preserve the emotional resources of specialists. We have developed and implemented a local educational module "Communication Skills with Patients" for employees of the multidisciplinary medical center "UMMC-Health". The center's development plan includes systematic training in effective communication in medicine for all specialists, which is more than 700 doctors and 400 nurses.

Management of Bilateral Congenital and Juvenile Cataracts in a Low-Income Country: Patient Identification, Treatment Outcomes, and Follow Up.

Childhood blindness remains a neglected issue in eye care within low-income countries, with congenital and juvenile cataracts being the most common treatable causes. This study aims to investigate the factors influencing the management of congenital and juvenile bilateral cataracts, provide data on general outcomes and postoperative findings, and discuss treatment in a low-income country context. In this prospective study, data from clinical care were continuously entered into a database, and one follow-up examination of a cohort of 91 patients with congenital and juvenile bilateral cataracts in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, was conducted. Multiple factors that affect the first clinical presentation, the clinical management, and outcome were investigated. Most patients (88.5%) who received medical treatment were identified by cataract finders. A patient's presentation time was independent of the parent's education, social status, income, and sex of the child. The median age at first presentation was 5.8 years (ranging from 0 days to 17.3 years). The best visual acuity outcomes were achieved by patients who underwent surgery during early childhood. According to WHO grades and on an eye level basis, 51.1% (93 out of 182 eyes) showed improvement, while 34.6% (63 eyes) had unchanged results post-surgery. Among the cases without improvement, 76.2% were blind prior to surgery. Postoperative findings were observed in 56% of the patients, with secondary cataracts being the most common, affecting 26.37% of the operated eyes. Optimal management of childhood cataracts involves early identification, efficient hospital infrastructure, high-quality medical care, and long-term follow up. In sub-Saharan Africa, this approach must be adapted to the context of available resources, which differs significantly from those in high- and middle-income countries.

ANALYSIS OF CONFLICTS IN THE MEDICAL INDUSTRY: TODAY'S RELEVANCE

Given the extreme importance of medical care for public health, resolving conflict situations in medical institutions becomes an urgent need. An important component of the conflict management strategy in the medical field is not only the resolution of conflicts that have already arisen but also their anticipation and prevention. To achieve this goal, it is necessary to implement a system for early detection of conflicts, improve the communication skills of medical staff, as well as improve the system of personnel management and allocation of resources in medical institutions.The purpose of the research is to study the opinion of the heads of health care institutions of the Chernivtsi region regarding the frequency of conflicts in medical teams and the participation of the head in a conflict situation.Material and methods. With the use of statistical and medical-epidemiological methods, an analysis of anonymous questionnaires of 48 medical managers and 1146 patients was carried out in order to study the correlation relationship (Kramer coefficient) of conflict situations with the efficiency of the work of health care institutions.Results and discussion. It was established that conflicts periodically arise among medical workers, according to 47.2% - 60.6% of respondents of all age categories, and very often - according to 15.2% of people aged 36-55, 17.7% of responses of people 18- 35 years old and 22.85 people aged 56 years and older. Persons aged 36-55 years and 56 years and older take the most active part in the conflict (52.8-58.3% of responses), while persons aged 18-35 years are quite often passive observers (37.5%) and do not participate in conflicts (25.0%).The obtained results confirmed the need to develop and implement scientifically based preventive methods in order to improve the organization of the process of prevention and management of medical conflicts at the regional level, and their further implementation in the work of medical institutions.Conclusions. Therefore, in today's world, where attitudes towards medical care and demands for it are constantly growing, conflict resolution in medical institutions is an urgent need. The urgency of the problem of conflicts in the medical field must be understood and appropriate attention and resources must be given to it to ensure the effective functioning of medical institutions and high quality of medical care.

Procedure for licensing medical activities at the present stage: problems and ways to overcome them

BACKGROUND: One of the tools for ensuring the quality of medical care and medical services is licensing procedures for admission to medical activities, which include licensing. Licensing is indicated as a mandatory condition for carrying out medical activities in the list of types of activities for which licenses are required (clause 46 of Article 12 of the Federal Law “On Licensing of Certain Types of Activities”). Since life and health are the most important universal human values and are legally enshrined at the level of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the study of the healthcare sector, including from the point of view of legal support for procedures for admitting individuals and legal entities to medical activities, is of exceptional scientific and practical interest. It should be noted that the institution of licensing of medical activities is one of the legal institutions that is constantly undergoing legislative changes, which allows us to speak about the relevance and relevance of this issue. Issues of licensing medical activities quite often come to the attention of researchers, however, due to the dynamic changes in the current legislation on the issue under study and the presence of quite extensive judicial practice, they require additional research in order to resolve problematic issues that arise in practice. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY: based on an analysis of the regulatory framework for licensing medical activities, to identify problematic procedural issues and determine ways to improve the current legislation regulating the provision of medical care and medical services. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using the method of expert assessments, an analysis was carried out of the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation regulating legal relations during the procedure for licensing medical activities by organizations of the public and private healthcare system. RESULTS: Licensing as an institution of law is complex in terms of the legal relations it generates, combining at its core the legal norms of two broad branches of law — administrative and civil. At the same time, licensing is a mandatory criterion for the functioning of a medical organization and includes a number of requirements for such organizations. Despite the extensive regulatory framework on the issue under study, licensing requirements contain a number of problematic aspects that create obstacles for licensees and license applicants and require legislative approval. In this regard, the authors have proposed ways to resolve existing contradictions by making specific proposals to change the current legislation. The proposed optimization of the licensing procedure for all participants in this process, as well as minimizing the risks arising from these legal relations, according to the authors, fully meets the objectives of ensuring the rights of citizens to high-quality and safe medical care.

Prävalenz ausgewählter Erkrankungen bei prähospitalen Rettungskräften in Deutschland

Prevalence of selected diseases among pre-hospital emergency services personnel in Germany – results of the EMS Health Study 2023 Objective: The health of pre-hospital emergency medical services (EMS) staff is crucial for the provision of high-quality medical care. However, currently only limited data on the health monitoring of German EMS staff is available. The aim of the study was therefore to analyse the 12-month prevalence of selected diseases and symptoms among German EMS staff. Methods: A nationwide survey study was conducted. Questions from the GEDA2019/2020 study were used to collect information on the health status of EMS staff. Subsequently, 12-month prevalences were calculated with the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI). Results: In the end, 1,171 active German EMS staff (67.9 % male/31.9 % female) with a median age of 32.0 years were included in the analysis. The results indicate that excess weight and obesity are common health problems among EMS staff, with men (68.4 % [95 % CI: 64.8 %; 71.4 %]) being more affected than women (45.0 % [95 % CI: 39.9 %; 50.2 %]). The highest 12-month prevalence was calculated for lower back pain (51.8 % [95 % CI: 48.9 %; 54.7 %]), followed by pain in the cervical spine (41.9 % [95 % CI: 39.1 %; 44.8 %]), allergies (34.1 % [95 % CI: 31.4 %; 36.9 %]), hypertension (19.1 % [95 % CI: 16.9 %; 21.5 %]) and depression (16.2 % [95 % CI: 14.2 %; 18.5 %]). Compared to the German general population, the 12-month prevalence of obesity, asthma, COPD, hypertension, elevated blood lipid levels, arthritis, depression and obesity was higher for certain gender and age groups of emergency workers. Conclusion: The result of this study indicate a poor health state among German pre-hospital EMS staff and the need for preventive measures. Keywords: 12-month prevalence – emergency medical services – health – obesity – epidemiology

Development of Quality Indicators to Evaluate the Quality of Care for People with Differences of Sex Development.

Achieving evidence-based, high-quality medical care is the overarching goal of healthcare quality management. Quality indicators (QIs) serve as proxies to show whether good quality is reached or not. This article describes the development of QI for the evaluation of healthcare quality in the area of differences of sex development (DSD). Following the model of Donabedian, the aim was to develop QI to assess defined relevant aspects of the quality of structures, processes, and outcomes of care in DSD. Ten DSD clinical centres and two self-advocacy groups in Germany included in the DSDCare project were involved in the development of the QI and a benchmarking system. The development of the QI involved several structured steps: analysis of guidelines and recommendations, literature review, qualitative interviews with key stakeholders in the field of DSD, and patients or their carers. QIs were discussed in a multi-stage systematic consensus process and assessed in terms of their relevance, feasibility, and practicability. In a multi-stage systematic consensus process involving medical and psychological experts from a range of disciplines, people with DSD and their families, and representatives of self-advocacy groups, we have developed a set of 37 QIs (22 structure, seven process, and eight outcome quality). The QIs serve to evaluate care in the field of DSD and may add to the German criteria for certification of Centres for Rare Conditions formulated by the National Action League for People with Rare Diseases (NAMSE) in this area of expertise. We have succeeded in developing and jointly adopting a set of QIs that consider a wide range of perspectives on the quality of care for people with DSD and their families. These QIs have been found to be relevant, feasible, and practicable, and they are now used for a yearly quality benchmarking in the participating DSD centres.

Family Satisfaction of Polytrauma Patients in Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Center.

Family members play a crucial role in ICU patients' treatment and decision-making, despite the stress and uncertainty they may experience, ensuring high-quality medical care. Providing comfortable spaces with noise-reducing techniques can boost family satisfaction. Further research is needed to support families in intensive care units (ICU). This study aims to evaluate family satisfaction and decision-making in polytrauma patients in the ICU, identify improvement opportunities, and analyze demographic and socioeconomic factors influencing satisfaction. This cross-sectional study was conducted at King George's Medical University, Lucknow, over a period of one year. A total of 66 patients, aged between 20 and 70, their family members, and those who gave written informed consent were included. Exclusion criteria included those who died within 48 hours of ICU admission or did not give consent. Patient characteristics, such as age, sex, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, and hospital stay length, were also collected. The family satisfactionin the intensive care unit (FS-ICU) questionnaire, consisting of 24 items with five Likert response options, was used to assess satisfaction levels in ICU care and decision-making. A study of 66 patients which included 78.79% male and 21.21% female. The majority of the patients (66.67%) lived with their family members. The mean ICU stay was 13.03 days, with an APACHEscore of 17.39. The results showed that families were very satisfied with a considerable portion of the ICU stay. The overall satisfaction score was 57.00. Families were less satisfied with the atmosphere in the ICU and involvement in the decision-making process. The satisfaction scores were comparable for both genders, except for the time taken to respond to questions, which was significantly higher for women. Although families were very satisfied with the ICU stay, several areas were identified as having potential for improvement. The present study shows that the quality of treatment and communication during hospitalization is a major factor in the need for follow-up care. This underlines the need for a constant focus on communication skills in the training of nurses and doctors and in their practical training in the ICU. Participation in decision-making, especially by family members of survivors, was identified as an area for improvement. We recommend more research to be conducted in India focusing on family satisfaction with involvement in the decision-making in ICU considering the unique racial, cultural, ethnic, and linguisticdifferences in India.

ORGANIZING SELF-EDUCATION ACTIVITIES FOR MEDICAL COLLEGE STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF BLENDED LEARNING

The article aims to review current trends in the organization of self-education activities for medical college students, models of blended learning, and its main components that ensure the self-education of future nursing specialists. The research methods are terminological and comparative analysis, generalization, specification, and modelling. Based on the analysis of primary sources, it has been established that self-education activities are a type of educational and cognitive activity motivated by an internal drive for self-improvement and facilitated by the use of specific methods for seeking and assimilating social experience. It has been emphasized that through self-education, medical professionals are better able to handle complex clinical cases and provide high-quality medical care to their patients, including via the use of digital technologies. Blended learning is defined as a combination of traditional face-to-face (contact) learning and computer-mediated or online learning. It has been pointed out that the implementation of blended learning requires the development of appropriate pedagogical design and innovations that ensure the application of adequate teaching and assessment methods with carefully planned content and structured academic courses. The blended learning system is presented as an integration of face-to-face classroom and clinical sessions, independent student work, and online learning. It has been noted that in blended models, the supply of educational material and interaction with the teacher can occur in both physical and virtual environments, during both classroom sessions and asynchronously during extracurricular activities. The specifics of self-education activities for medical college students using some models such as rotational, laboratory, independent blended learning, flexible learning, enriched virtual learning, flipped classroom, and personalized learning have been described. In each model, the core element is identified as the electronic educational resource. In the blended learning system such a resource is viewed not as an auxiliary tool of the traditional educational process but as the one that successfully combines traditional and distance learning forms, incorporating both non-digital and digital technologies. It has been determined that blended learning is based on the flexible combination of in-class learning (contact hours) with online sessions (asynchronously or synchronously). Among the tools for blended learning used in organizing self-education activities for medical college students, the following have been highlighted and described: online lectures, practical sessions in webinar mode, project and group work online, learning management systems such as LMS Moodle, laboratory work in a blended format, virtual and augmented reality technologies, a combination of formal and nonformal education, self-testing complexes, webinar consultations, artificial intelligence technologies, and specialized medical applications. It has been concluded regarding the feasibility of implementing blended learning in the training of medical college students and the organization of their self-education activities. This will enhance the quality of education, and the efficiency of resource utilization of educational institutions, increase the level of professional expertise and mobility of teachers, and ultimately provide additional competitive advantages to the educational institution in the educational services market.

Quality of Life of Colorectal Cancer Patients: A Literary Review

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major contributor to global cancer cases and deaths, making it a significant public health concern. As the number of CRC survivors continues to rise, understanding the impact of CRC and its treatment on their quality of life (QoL) has become increasingly important. The determinants of QoL in CRC patients are multifaceted and include physical health, physical fitness, physical activity, healthy eating, psychological health, social support, the availability of high-quality medical care, and QoL at the end of life. These factors interact to shape the overall well-being of CRC survivors. To enhance the QoL of CRC patients, a comprehensive approach is needed. This includes tailoring treatments to individual patient characteristics, providing psychological support and symptom management, promoting post-treatment rehabilitation, organizing support groups, emphasizing early detection, and effectively managing CRC-related symptoms. Addressing these aspects can significantly improve the QOL and well-being of CRC survivors, helping them adapt to life after treatment and thrive in the face of the challenges they may encounter

Western and Traditional African Medicine in the Fight Against Tropical Diseases in Africa

Based on the intensity of infection and the severity of tropical diseases in patients, epidemiologists attribute many regions of the African continent to being the most problematic in the world. The wide prevalence of tropical diseases has a negative impact not only on the health of the local population but also on the incomes of some sectors of the economy, in particular, trade and tourism. However, to date, almost no state in Sub-Saharan Africa has its own full-fledged system of epidemiological control and the provision of adequate assistance to those in need. The vast majority of the rural and urban population, if necessary, turn to traditional healers, which is explained by the significant financial accessibility of this type of medical care and its openness to all segments of the population. Health care institutions in most African countries experience a deficit of modern medical and diagnostic equipment and qualified high- and middle-tier personnel needed to ensure wider coverage of the population with affordable and high-quality medical care. Assistance in this to the states of the continent is provided by various specialized organizations, including the World Health Organization, UNICEF, the African Center for Disease Control and Prevention, as well as epidemiological surveillance services. It is concluded that at present, it is the traditional methods of prevention and treatment of diseases characteristic of the climatic features of Africa that are widely demanded by the population, both in rural areas and in cities. In recent decades, in many countries on the continent, traditional medicine has received a status equal to professional medicine.

Effectiveness of teaching motivational interview technique to third professional year medical students to improve counseling skills – An interventional study

Abstract Background: Effective patient–provider communication was recognized as essential to providing high-quality medical care. In medical practice, motivational interviewing (MI) is a vital communication method. By assisting patients in exploring and resolving ambivalence and resistance to change, this directive the patient-centered counseling approach seeks to elicit behavior change. Health behavior change counseling skills were taught as a learning objective in medical curricula worldwide. However, in many medical colleges, this area of health-care education was frequently unstructured and informal. Objective: This study aimed to find out if teaching medical students how to conduct motivational interviews helped them feel more confident about their ability to advise patients on changing their health-related behaviors, such as their breastfeeding habits in the present study. Methodology: All 200 third-year medical students of a medical college participated in MI sessions for health behavior change. Antenatal and postnatal mothers completed a pre- and posttest questionnaire before and after being educated by trained medical students; later, the students completed a perception questionnaire regarding their confidence. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 17, and student perceptions were presented as percentages. Results: The mean score (knowledge) of posttests (12.53) is higher than the mean score of pretests (9.23) which is statistically significant (P = 0.000). There was a role of health education for behavioral change in improving mothers' knowledge regarding breastfeeding, (antenatal and postnatal). Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrated that teaching MI methods to third-year medical students could increase student confidence in giving patients advice about changing their health-related behaviors.

Foreign language as an element of professionalism of medical workers

High-quality medical care and effective public health are impossible without adequate staffing. Modern medicine is subject to the trends of globalization and internationalization, like many other industries and spheres of the national economy, and today both doctors and nurses often provide medical care to foreign-speaking citizens: tourists, migrants, refugees, foreign students, etc. The article provides an overview of publications reflecting the importance of linguistic training and knowledge of foreign languages for medical professionals.

Опыт внедрения отдела профилактической дезинфекции в крупном многопрофильном стационаре. перспективы развития

The flock was prepared on the basis of a report made at the scientific and practical conference «Organization of deratization measures in modern conditions, topical issues of disinfection activities in the conditions of medical organizations of various profiles,» held May 15–16, 2024 in St. Petersburg. The interaction between the medical and non-medical units of the hospital, their well-coordinated work is one of the most important factors in the provision of high-quality medical care in a large multidisciplinary hospital. The implementation of preventive and anti-epidemic activities is often distributed among departments, and non-medical specialists do not always understand the need for these measures. To improve the quality of medical care and improve the interaction between services, a new department was introduced into the staff of a large multidisciplinary hospital – the department of preventive disinfection. Keywords: multidisciplinary hospital, preventive disinfection department, linen regime, disinfectants, disinfection, deratization, medical waste management, disinfection chamber, preventive activities, anti-epidemic measures, interaction between medical and non-medical units.