High-quality Jobs Research Articles

Perspectivas Económicas: Un Análisis de la Trayectoria de la Industria Farmacéutica en España

Introduction: The pharmaceutical industry plays a key role in the economy, contributing to GDP and creating stable, high-quality jobs. Its primary functions include researching, developing, and manufacturing products for the treatment and prevention of diseases. The industry's role was critical in mitigating the pandemic's impact on the country. Methodology: The study employed financial statement analysis, including horizontal analysis and profitability evaluation. Data from the SABI database, which contains economic and financial information on Spanish companies classified by their CNAE codes, was used. The analysis began with a sector-wide examination of operating income and R&D expenses, later narrowing the sample to leading companies based on key parameters. Results: The findings confirm consistent growth in operating income and R&D expenses, with peak figures during the COVID-19 pandemic. Companies like Bayer stood out for significant investments in R&D and assets, reflecting their strong industry presence. Conclusions: The pandemic positively impacted the pharmaceutical sector, providing a unique opportunity to showcase its importance to the country's economy and well-being. This period highlighted the industry's capacity for growth and its critical role in addressing public health challenges.

Why do we still feel drained even in meaningful work? unveiling the negative impact of job insecurity among Korean counselors

ABSTRACT The issue of psychological burnout in most workplaces is a significant concern. Despite organizational psychology efforts to alleviate burnout by emphasizing high-quality job conditions such as meaning and calling, discussions often overlook the impact of job insecurity. Given recent approaches’ tendency to neglect fundamental lower-level needs, this study aimed to explore the negative effects of psychological burnout on workers, focusing on subjective job insecurity. Counselors, who have been recognized for experiencing high psychological burnout, comprised our study with 420 finalized responses out of 450 collected. Data analysis encompassed the utilization of SPSS 29.0, Amos 29.0, and SmartPLS 4.0, with a specific focus on exploring mediating and moderating effects of variables. The findings unveiled that job insecurity weakened the previously observed negative indirect impact of work meaning on psychological burnout through living a calling. This observation suggests that as job insecurity intensifies, the alleviating effect of living a calling on burnout diminishes. This study reaffirms the link between work meaning and psychological burnout, emphasizing the mediating role of living a calling among South Korean counsellors. The results underscore the necessity of organizational interventions to promote meaningful work, facilitate personal calling, and ensure job security, thereby preventing or mitigating burnout.

Empowering a person-centered long-term care workforce.

Currently there is a crisis in the long-term care workforce, as many workers experience poor pay, a lack of training, burnout, low quality working conditions, and physical strain, which is leading to a workforce shortage. To address this, the Alzheimer's Association Dementia Care Provider Roundtable (AADCPR) convened a panel of direct care workers to discuss and provide direction on their view of the current state of the workforce. From this panel, five touchpoints for hiring and retaining direct care workers were highlighted: high quality jobs; recruitment and reputation management; onboarding; retention; and training and career advancement. In addition, the DCPR put together a set of standards to follow to meet these needs, which includes promoting staff dementia education opportunities, creating recommendations around peer mentoring programs specific to dementia care, and increasing inclusion of direct care workers in decision-making and plans of care. HIGHLIGHTS: Presents the current state of workforce in long-term care. Provides five touchpoints that long-term and home and community-based servicesshould implement for hiring and retaining direct care workers. Recommends a set of standards to follow to meet the needs of the workforce within long-term care.

Indonesia's Digital Economic Policy To Increase Economic Resilience

The growth of information and communication technology (ICT) has changed the way people live their lives and conduct business. The era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, characterized by the use of digital technology and the Internet of Things (IoT), has created a new economic environment known as the “digital economy." In this context, digital economy policy becomes very important to support sustainable economic growth and improve national economic resilience. This research aims to analyze Indonesia's digital economy policy in developing the digital economy in the context of Society 5.0 and Industrial Revolution 4.0. The main focus of the research is how government policies can strengthen the national economy. This research uses a descriptive-qualitative method with secondary data collected through a systematic review. Data were collected from various scholarly sources, including relevant journals, research publications, reports, and websites. This qualitative approach generates descriptive notes and data that are integrated into the text for further analysis. When policies are implemented correctly, that is, by paying attention to and realizing the various aspects that have an impact on the policy implementation process, it will produce the maximum benefits, including the Integration, Interactivity, Transparency, Control, and Accountability (IITCA) factors. The research shows that digital economy policies have a significant positive impact on economic growth and resilience. The implementation of the Digital Economic Agreement Framework (DEFA) is expected to strengthen the MSME sector, attract investment, encourage innovation, increase productivity, and create high-quality jobs. The establishment of the Digital Innovation and Sustainable Economy Center (DISC) also plays an important role in supporting the transformation of businesses and organizations towards a sustainable digital economy. In addition, the Indonesian government has improved digital infrastructure, such as 4G networks, 5G technology, and low-earth orbit satellites, and launched digital literacy and skills programs to reduce the digital divide and strengthen economic resilience. An effective digital economy policy can be a powerful instrument to strengthen a country's economic resilience. Research results confirm that the implementation of digital economy policies not only drives economic growth but also improves social and financial inclusion. Collaboration between the public sector, the business world, and civil society is essential for the successful implementation of this policy. In addition, transparency and accountability in the implementation of digital policies, such as through the use of blockchain technology and digital payment systems, can reduce corruption and ensure that government assistance and support are well-targeted. Overall, digital economy policies play an important role in strengthening national economic resilience amid the challenges and opportunities of the digital era.

Self-Efficacy and Human Capital's Influence on Innovative Work Behavior and Implications for the Quality of Employment Work Polytechnic of Employment

The importance of this research was determined by examining the function of employees who can assist universities in becoming superior if these employees have high job quality, as evidenced by self-efficacy, human capital, and innovative work behavior. The goal is to determine the impact of self-efficacy and human capital on innovative work behavior, as well as their impact on employee work quality. The researchers employed descriptive and inferential analysis with data acquired from a questionnaire distributed to 74 employees of the Employment Polytechnic. According to the findings, self-efficacy and human capital have a considerable impact on employee job quality and innovative work behavior. Meanwhile, the direct impact of innovative work behavior on employee job quality is enormous. Self-efficiency and human capital cannot be used to moderate the impact of innovative work behavior on employee work quality. As a result, it can be claimed that innovative work behavior is a characteristic that does not coincide with self-efficacy and human capital to significantly influence employee work quality at the Employment Polytechnic.

Minimum Wage Hike and Multinational Enterprises' Employment: Firm-Level Evidence from South Korea

This study examines the impact of a consecutive double-digit hike in Korea's minimum wage from 2018 to 2019 after the impeachment of President Park Geun-hye as an exogenous shock on the employment of multinational enterprises (MNEs). Notably, this topic has received limited attention in extant literature. Using a firm-level dataset covering the period 2006-2020, we find that MNEs respond to increases in the minimum wage by reducing their total employment size, including both regular and temporary workers. Furthermore, the effects are heterogeneous and depend on the participation of international trade and strategic partnerships. Our findings indicate that the minimum wage policy can even lead to a decrease in high-quality jobs within high-productivity companies, underscoring the need to adjust the pace of such increases to mitigate their side effects on the labor market.

Labor lacuna: Disjunctures between local climate action and workforce development in advancing just transitions

ABSTRACT U.S. cities have launched expansive climate action initiatives, often touting these efforts’ economic development and job creation benefits. However, without creating the conditions for high-quality jobs and improved access and inclusion, climate mitigation initiatives may be shaped by neoliberal labor principles that sustain inequality. Drawing upon just transition, economic development, and workforce planning literature, we examine the role of workforce development in municipal climate mitigation efforts. Using Austin, Texas, as a critical case, and interviews with local public and non-profit organizations, we illustrate robust green job growth in a range of occupations can provide access to career-building, quality jobs for economically disenfranchised residents. Our case demonstrates that when state policies hamper just transition efforts, local government actions can still shape better outcomes. These case study insights can extend to numerous urban regions where state government policies work strongly against joining climate action and equitable economic development.

Quantitatively analyzing the college student employment policy in China based on PMC-index model.

The employment policies targeted at university graduates, which are exceedingly valuable to the national human resource, are closely related to the national economy and people's livelihood. The employment policies for college students are essential pathways for promoting high-quality job placement for graduates, making the review and evaluation of relevant policies exceedingly significant. This study analyzes the university-student employment policies issued between 1997 and 2023; the researchers utilize text mining and content analysis and refer to the policy indicators designed by existing scholars to develop an evaluation index for college student employment. A PMC index model was constructed to quantitatively evaluate 9 selected policy samples. The results indicate that P5, P6, and P7 have good consistency ratings; P8, P4, and P9 have acceptable consistency ratings; and P2, P3, and P1 have low consistency ratings. The average score for the 9 policy samples is 5.03, reflecting an overall satisfactory quality of China's college student employment policies. By constructing a PMC surface, the model visually reveals certain deficiencies in China's college-student employment policies in regard to policy design, policy tools, and policy content. This study provides countermeasures and proposals from aspects such as policy nature and policy measures.

«ЗЕЛЕНИЙ» КУРС РОЗВИТКУ ТРАНСПОРТНО-ЛОГІСТИЧНОЇ СИСТЕМИ: ТЕНДЕНЦІЇ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ

The world market of transport and logistics services is one of the most important sectors of the world economy, which is dynamically developing and ensures the continuity of international trade in goods and services. The reduction of trade barriers, the liberalization of the trade regime and the development of export-oriented industries contributed to fundamental changes in world trade. Current logistics brings not only economic benefits to business, but also contributes to its long-term development, which meets the current and future requirements of the market economy. The level of transport logistics is determined by the competent selection of transport, the timeliness of stages, and the experience of implementing complex projects. The main types of freight transportation differ in the environment, speed and cost of movement, logistics, the principle of movement and other important characteristics. Taking into account the development of global transportation and its impact on the environment, approaches to the quality of logistics services are changing. Concern about the impact of transport on ecology led to the need to solve the problem of increasing the environmental efficiency of transporting goods around the world. The purpose of the modern development of supply chains is to promote the development of environmentally friendly mobility, which is also positioned as «green» logistics. These goals can be achieved by optimizing the combination of different types of transport, using their advantages and minimizing the disadvantages in terms of environmental impact. The most serious challenge facing the transport sector is to significantly reduce emissions and improve sustainability. At the same time, this transformation offers great opportunities for a better quality of life, as well as for global industry in all value chains to modernize, create high-quality jobs, develop new products and services, strengthen competitiveness and achieve global leadership as other markets move to provide mobility with zero emissions. The level of transport logistics is determined by the competent selection of transport, the timeliness of stages, and the experience of implementing complex projects. The main types of freight transportation differ in the environment, speed and cost of movement, logistics, the principle of movement and other important characteristics. In addition, one of the driving directions of the effective development of «green»logistics is the formation of the appropriate policy of countries and regions.Keywords:«green» logistics, transport and logistics system, emissions, ecology, logistics support, transport

Economic Growth and Social Equity: An Empirical Analysis of Inclusive Growth in Pakistan

In this thesis, we look at how IG works in Pakistan. Inclusive growth enhances social chances for all segments of society throughout economic development. The study main objective was the measurement of the inclusive growth in Pakistan from 1980 to 2019 in the light of the Asian Development Bank's methodology. Economic growth, job creation, improved transportation, easier access, and a healthier natural environment are all indicators of inclusive growth. Pakistan has accomplished sufficient inclusive growth, according to the statistics. Government health spending, GDP growth, and the share of agriculture and industry in GDP are all positively connected. These variables enhance inclusion, as demonstrated. Employment, income disparity, and poverty all act as roadblocks to inclusive growth. All members of society benefit from economic development, as the growth history found a strong correlation between inclusive growth and GDP growth rate per capita. Therefore, real GDP per capita growth may help achieve equitable development by improving living standards and opening new economic opportunities, especially for the poor. Economic growth can improve people's lives for the better if we put an emphasis on investing in people, social safety nets, and new business creation and entrepreneurship. Poverty reduction measures should be put in place to allow the poor increased access to education, training, and employment opportunities. Equal access to social safety nets and educational and professional development opportunities may help bring income inequality down. Promote initiative, capital expenditure, and the development of high-quality jobs. Prioritizing healthcare infrastructure, accessibility, and quality is essential for equitable growth.

‘You’re only a care worker’. Exploring the status of adult social care work through the intersection of HRM innovation and job quality

This paper examines the intersection between job quality and innovation by exploring policy-led innovation aimed at delivering high-quality adult social care jobs that attract and retain much-needed skilled workers. Through qualitative enquiry, we examine workforce policy’s emphasis on training, development and career progression, key elements of job quality, to create higher-skilled, higher-status roles. Drawing on focus groups and interviews with care providers and care workers in Wales (UK), we question the likely success of policy-led innovation given first its ineffective delivery and second its failure to address broader aspects of job quality. Policy thus fails both to institutionalise skilled roles in care work and to raise the status of the care worker occupation. We contribute to emerging HRM and interdisciplinary theory and policy debates about the complex nature of innovation activities and their outcomes for job quality in care work within a sector typified by low-quality jobs. We illustrate the different ways in which job quality and innovation interact and how both can be constrained by one another as a function of environmental antecedents.

ON THE FRONTLINES: TRAINING A DEMENTIA CAREGIVING WORKFORCE IN CALIFORNIA

Abstract Direct care workers who provide in-home care – such as caregivers hired by consumers of California’s Medicaid-funded In-Home Supportive Services (IHSS) program – are well positioned to observe changes in their consumer’s cognition, health, or behaviors. This proximity to consumers better allows for reporting to healthcare partners, which may reduce risk of emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and other adverse outcomes that are disproportionately high among people living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). Despite their vital role in supporting people living with ADRD, IHSS caregivers receive minimal formal training for their unique position. To address this training gap, the IHSS+ ADRD Training Project is a five-year effort funded by the California Department of Public Health to train 720 IHSS caregivers in Alameda and Los Angeles counties, with classes in English, Spanish, Cantonese, and Mandarin. To date, 582 IHSS caregivers have been trained. Using a pre-posttest design, our preliminary findings indicate statistically significant increases in dementia knowledge and self-efficacy that could bolster caregiver’s skills. These results also reveal that IHSS caregivers value training opportunities to better support their consumers. Correlations between caregiver training outcomes and healthcare utilization patterns of their consumers were further examined by evaluating administrative data before and after the training. The results need to be further understood in the context of COVID-19 and the ADRD illness trajectory. Implications include expanding long-term funding for multi-week training programs, which aligns with the California Master Plan for Aging’s goal to support and create one million high-quality caregiving jobs by 2030.

Understanding the paradox of high job quality evaluations among platform workers

This article examines why food delivery platform workers evaluate their job quality as high despite known drawbacks of this type of employment. Using qualitative data obtained from 20 semi-structured interviews conducted with couriers in Slovenia, the study employs a job quality model consisting of four distinct components (psychological well-being, social satisfaction, economic stability, and health and safety) as a conceptual framework used to determine which elements contribute most to the general job quality evaluation. Findings show that couriers often acknowledge the financial challenges and potential health and safety risks associated with their occupation but are willing to overlook some of these drawbacks due to how highly they value the autonomy, freedom and favourable work-life balance platforms offer. This article argues that platform companies, characterised as permissive entities which still hold a significant amount of power over the labour process, take advantage of the workers’ desire for autonomy and the large worker turnover to continue precarious employment practices. This is additionally fuelled by poor management practices and interpersonal relationships in traditional employment, which often push workers into platform work with no human supervisor, where they can “be their own boss”.

Parenthood and Job Quality: Is There a Motherhood Penalty in the UK?

Current research recognises the role of parenthood in contributing to gender inequalities at work. Meanwhile, there is a growing interest in job quality. We contribute to both these debates by analysing differences in job quality by gender and parenthood status, using data from a nationally representative UK household survey. We develop a 12-indicator, multi-dimensional measure of job quality and use this to analyse the combination and distribution of job quality attributes by gender and parenthood status. Our analysis shows that women and mothers are under-represented in high quality jobs and over-represented in poor quality jobs. While some mothers sacrifice career prospects for flexibility, motherhood is not always associated with more flexibility, and job quality disadvantages are multi-faceted. Working part time is a strong driver of job quality differences, suggesting that reduced hours after motherhood impacts on job quality in addition to worsening women’s pay. Job quality gaps are larger for mothers of school-aged children, pointing to the additional constraints of managing work and childcare around the school day.

Why should we invest in health? Evidence from the lens of second-order benefits of health

Life expectancy and access to health care have both increased globally in recent decades, and these innovations have significantly improved well-being. As a result, health reforms are increasingly becoming a top concern in all countries in order to address/increase accessibility, affordability, and availability of quality services, as well as improve spending efficiencies. There are many evidenced benefits which are secondary to the health benefits of those programmes. However, second-order benefits of health schemes have received little attention and are rarely discussed in mainstream policy and practice. The paper intends to contribute to broader initiatives to recognise health schemes as vital in achieving equitable and inclusive development that benefits the entire community. The logical framework technique was used to analyse the health schemes’ second-order benefits. The primary and secondary objectives, methods, outcomes, and impacts were compared. Apart from the health programmes’ own objectives, the analysis revealed extensive benefits such as employment opportunities, local partnerships with communities, decreased inequalities and population-level impacts on socio-economic development, women empowerment, increase in literacy and school completion rates, and decrease in out-of-pocket expenditure. The economic impact of investing in health systems by creating high-quality jobs and purchasing goods and services from local businesses is highlighted by the second-order health advantages, which are in relation to the primary benefits. Not only do healthcare systems play an important role in the economies of the nation, but also in the social lives of these communities.

Neoindustrialization—Reflections on a New Paradigmatic Approach for the Industry: A Scoping Review on Industry 5.0

Background: The Industry 5.0 emerges as a new paradigm for the industry by considering sustainability, human-centered approaches, organizational resilience, and interaction between humans and machines as its core values. This new trend for the future of the industry is referred to as neoindustrialization. Due to being a topic in development, there is still no precise consensus on its definition, which prompted the current study to comprehensively investigate and analyze the existing literature on Industry 5.0. Methods: The method employed was a scoping review, examining publications from various databases and academic journals, including those specific to the Brazilian context. Results: The results indicate a transition towards an industry that meets societal demands and respects planetary boundaries, aspects that were overlooked by Industry 4.0. Conclusions: In this new scenario, the industry reassumes its leadership by combining technology with new strategies and organizational models. Furthermore, it undergoes organizational changes to align its structure, operations, human resources, and new practices, aiming to meet the demands of society and all stakeholders involved. To achieve this, it is necessary to create an environment conducive to innovation and entrepreneurship, promoting the development of qualified human capital, investments in research and development, and strengthening partnerships between the public and private sectors. A successful neoindustrialization policy will generate high-quality jobs and foster economic growth. Industry 5.0 is the paradigm that will prevail in the 21st century. It is not a matter of speculation; it is an inseparable and inevitable reality. Otherwise, the industry will be relegated to a secondary role in the process of digital and social transformation.

Championing Social Mobility

Championing Social Mobility

BRICS and the USA: Labor and Employment Support During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

This article concerns labor and employment support policies undertaken by national governments in 2020-2022, during the global COVID-19 pandemic. It is focused on the experience of the BRICS countries but also highlights the labor and employment support policies in the USA, a country with one of the largest economies and advanced economic development. The COVID-19 outbreak has posed unprecedented challenges for all countries. The key objectives of all governments were to save human lives and prevent the spread of the infection. While the containment measures used by different countries were mostly similar, the programs and policies aiming to support workers were country-specific. The authors examine two types of labor support measures aimed at mitigation of the COVID-19 consequences: direct cash transfers to sustain workers’ incomes and business support activities. The analysis reveals that the success of these measures could depend, first, on how timely they were, second, whether they were in line with the long-term objectives in labour market development and, third, on the quality of governments’ collaboration with businesses and trade unions. The COVID-19 pandemic has cast a long shadow. As the BRICS countries plan to focus their labor and employment policies on high-quality jobs, human-centered development, inclusion and protection of workers’ rights they should address the consequences of COVID-19 together with other challenges, such as technological transformation, climate change and demographic issues.

Industriepolitik: komplexe Verflechtungsstrukturen berücksichtigen

Abstract Debates on industrial policy surged in the wake of the current crises. Policymakers, however, should not lapse into conserving old structures which too often prove obsolete. Instead, key industries with high-quality jobs and future growth prospects must be identified. These are knowledge-intensive branches, intertwined with other economic sectors in more complex ways than usually acknowledged in standard input-output analyses. Optimal policy should account for these intra-industry linkages while facilitating the transformation to a green and modern industrial structure.

Examining the Role of AGs in a Just Transition

Tackling the climate crisis requires transitioning from fossil fuel to clean energy, which will necessarily have a significant impact on jobs and the economy overall. The impact of this shift has sometimes been feared as a development that will be harmful to workers and the economy. Fossil fuel jobs are seen as good jobs--well-paid jobs with good benefits and protections--while the emerging clean energy industry has not yet uniformly embraced a high-road employment model. But workers’ rights and environmental concerns are not fundamentally incompatible. There are many policies and tools that can be and are being harnessed to bring about a “just transition,” ensuring that the emerging clean energy sector provides high-quality jobs and that needs of current fossil fuel workers are also adequately addressed. These policies exist at the intersection of workers’ rights and environmental policy.