High Prevalence Of Musculoskeletal Pain Research Articles

Multigroup latent class model of musculoskeletal pain combinations in children/adolescents: identifying high-risk groups by gender and age

BackgroundTo investigate the combinations of Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) (neck, shoulder, upper and low back pain) among a sample of Iranian school children.MethodsThe MSP combinations was modeled by latent class analysis (LCA) to find the clusters of high–risk individuals and multigroup LCA taking into account the gender and age (≤ 13 years and ≥ 14 years of age categories).ResultsThe lowest and highest prevalence of MSP was 14.2% (shoulder pain in boys aged ≥14 years) and 40.4% (low back pain in boys aged ≤13 years), respectively. The likelihood of synchronized neck and low back pain (9.4–17.7%) was highest, while synchronized shoulder and upper back pain (4.5–9.4%) had the lowest probability. The probability of pain at three and four locations was significantly lower in boys aged ≥14 years than in other gender–age categories. The LCA divided the children into minor, moderate, and major pain classes. The likelihood of shoulder and upper back pain in the major pain class was higher in boys than in girls, while the likelihood of neck pain in the moderate pain class and low back pain in the major pain class were higher in children aged ≥14 years than those aged ≤13 years. Gender–age specific clustering indicated a higher likelihood of experiencing major pain in children aged ≤13 years.ConclusionsThe findings highlight the importance of gender– and age–specific data for a more detailed understanding of the MSP combinations in children and adolescents, and identifying high-risk clusters in this regard.

Risk factors associated with self-reported musculoskeletal pain among short and long distance industrial gas delivery truck drivers

AimThis study investigated and compared the associations between self-reported exposures to individual as well as work-related physical and psychosocial risk factors for musculoskeletal (MS) disorders and the prevalence of MS symptoms in different body areas among short- (P&D) and long-distance (Bulk delivery) truck drivers working for the same large gas delivery company in Canada. Methods123 truck drivers nationwide participated in this questionnaire-based cross-sectional study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. Results43.1% of drivers reported MS pain in at least one body area over the past 12 months and 26.8% over the past 7 days. Bulk drivers had a significantly higher prevalence of MS pain than P&D drivers for both periods. When P&D and Bulk drivers were pooled together, belonging to the Bulk subgroup emerged as the strongest factor for low back pain (OR = 8.45, p = 0.002), for shoulder pain (OR = 3.70, p = 0.027) and for MS pain in any body area (OR = 4.05, p = 0.006). In Bulk drivers "High effort-reward imbalance" was strongly associated with MS pain in any body area (OR = 6.47, p = 0.01), with shoulder pain (OR = 4.95, p = 0.016), and with low back pain (OR = 4.51, p = 0.02). In P&D drivers MS pain in any body area was strongly associated with "Working with hands above shoulders" (OR = 6.58, p = 0.009) and "Whole-body vibration" (OR = 5.48, p = 0.018), while shoulder pain was strongly associated with "Hand-arm vibration" (OR = 7.27, p = 0.041). ConclusionsPrevalence of MS pain was higher among industrial gas delivery truck drivers than in the general Quebec male worker population, and higher for Bulk drivers compared to P&D drivers. MS pain in Bulk drivers was mainly associated with psychosocial risk factors and lifestyle; MS pain in P&D drivers was mainly associated with physical risk factors.

Vitamin D Deficiency in Patients With Chronic Tension-Type Headache: A Case-Control Study.

To see the interrelation between chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) and serum vitamin D levels. Several studies have suggested an association between chronic pain and vitamin D deficiency. Anecdotal evidence suggests that vitamin D deficiency may be associated with tension-type headache and migraine. This case-control study was carried out to examine the association between CTTH and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin (25(OH) D) levels. One hundred consecutive adult (>18 years) patients with CTTH and 100 matched healthy controls were enrolled. The serum 25(OH) D levels were significantly lower in CTTH patients than in the controls (14.7 vs 27.4 ng/mL). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25 (OH) D < 20 ng/mL) was greater in patients with CTTH (71% vs 25%). CTTH patients had a significantly high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain (79% vs 57%), muscle weakness (29%vs 10%), muscle tenderness score (7.5 vs 1.9), and bone tenderness score (3.0 vs 0.8) in comparison to controls. CTTH patients with vitamin D deficient group (<20 ng/mL) had a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal pain (58% vs 31%), muscle weakness (38%vs 7%), muscle and bone tenderness score, associated fatigue (44% vs 17%) and more prolonged course (15.5 months vs 11.2 months). A strong positive correlation was noted between serum vitamin D levels and total muscle tenderness score (R2 = 0. 7365) and total bone tenderness score (R2 = 0. 6293). Decreased serum 25(OHD) concentration was associated with CTTH. Intervention studies are required to find out if supplementation of vitamin D is effective in patients with CTTH.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in obese patients candidates for bariatric surgery and its impact on health related quality of life.

This study was designed to identify the major musculoskeletal symptoms of individuals with obesity, to assess their health-related quality of life, and to evaluate the correlation between the musculoskeletal symptoms and the individuals' health-related quality of life. Cross-sectional study. "Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire" and "The Medical Outcomes Study 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36)". In total, 41 subjects were evaluated, of which 90.15% were female. The mean age of the subjects was 40.78 ± 9.85 years and their mean body-mass index was 46.87 ± 8.08. All subjects reported musculoskeletal pain in at least one anatomical region and 80.49% had pain in three or more regions. The activity limitations due to pain were reported by 75.61% of them. The most affected regions by pain were the ankles and/or feet, lower back, knees and wrists/hands/fingers. The most associated regions with activity limitations due to pain were the ankles and/or feet, knees and lower back. The presence of pain showed a negative correlation with the domains physical functioning (PF), role-physical (RP) and body pain (BP). The activity limitations showed a negative correlation with the domains PF, BP, social functioning (SF) and role-emotional (RE). Our data showed a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain and limitation in activities due to pain in obese subjects. The musculoskeletal symptoms had negative correlations with physical and mental components of the health-related quality of life, highlighting the importance of ensuring that patients with obesity have access to interdisciplinary care, for the prevention and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal disorders.

Obesity is associated with a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in middle-aged women

Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) has been recently linked with high plasma leptin levels. Our objective was to study if obese women, who have higher leptin levels, could have a higher frequency of MSP. We studied 6079 Latin-American women, 40–59 years old. Their epidemiological data were recorded and the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), Golberg Anxiety and Depression Scale and Insomnia Scale were applied. MSP was defined as a score ≥2 on MRS11. Women with MSP were slightly older, had fewer years of schooling and were more sedentary. They also complained of more severe menopausal symptoms (29.2% versus. 4.4%, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, they had a higher abdominal perimeter (87.2 ± 12.0 cm versus 84.6 ± 11.6 cm, p < 0.0001) and a higher prevalence of obesity (23.1% versus 15.2%, p < 0.0001). Compared to normal weight women, those with low body weight (IMC <18.5) showed a lower risk of MSP (OR 0.71; 95%CI, 0.42–1.17), overweight women had a higher risk (OR 1.64; 95%CI, 1.44–1.87) and obese women the highest risk (OR 2.06; 95%CI, 1.76–2.40). Logistic regression analysis showed that obesity is independently associated to MSP (OR 1.34; 95%CI, 1.16–1.55). We conclude that obesity is one identifiable risk factor for MSP in middle-aged women.

Relationship between musculoskeletal pain complaints and family agriculture work

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Musculoskeletal pain is increasingly common in the field of workers’ health. When the work is characterized by rudimentary activities, as in the case of family farming, which requires the use of manual labor, intense and prolonged working journey, exposure to physical, chemical, biological, mechanical and ergonomic risks, the worker is prone to develop musculoskeletal diseases, and consequently pain. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in family farmers, as well as to identify the body segments mostly affected and evaluate the tools used in the working process that may influence the development of musculoskeletal diseases and pain. METHODS: A research form that includes social-demographic data, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, and the visual analog pain scale were used. 150 farmers participated in the study. Statistical tests were applied to the data obtained, including the Fisher Exact. The H0 hypothesis was rejected for a significance level of p≤0.05, stipulating a confidence interval of 95%. RESULTS: The results show a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in surveyed farmers, whose most affected regions were the lower back and shoulders. The pain reported by farmers is associated with the activities performed and the tools used, such as the hoe and the hand spray, used at work. CONCLUSION: Farmers are susceptible to the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, and the prevalence of the referred pain is high.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in primary care dentists

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dentistry is among the occupational categories that most inflicts its practitioners to a series of risk factors to develop musculoskeletal disorders, especially the maintenance of static postures, repetitive activities, long work days, poorly designed work environment, stress and handling of chemical and biological materials. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal pain in primary care dentists. METHODS: The sample consisted of 167 primary care dentists, who answered questionnaires relating to musculoskeletal pain, social-demographic data, lifestyle, occupational characteristics, fatigue and ability to work. RESULTS: The prevalence of musculoskeletal pain was high for upper limbs (38.3%), lower limbs (34.7%) and on the back (27.5%). The was a statistical association in the three body segments, with family income, associated morbidities, daily and weekly working time, the perception of fatigue, and ability to work. CONCLUSION: The studied sample showed a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, which serves as a warning flag to the adoption of public policies to improve the working conditions of the dentists surveyed.

Prevalence of the musculoskeletal disorder among school teachers

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent one of the most common and important occupational health problems in working populations, being responsible for a substantial impact on the quality of life and incurring a major economic burden in compensation cost and lost wages. School teachers represent an occupational group, among which there appears to be a high prevalence of MSD. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the prevalence of the MSDs among school teachers. Materials and Methods: The research project was conducted after getting clearance from Human Research Ethics Committee of the K M Patel Institution for Education and Research Centre. This study was conducted in the various schools. Three hundred and fourteen teachers were enrolled in this study. To investigate the MSDs among school teachers, they were interviewed with the modified Nordic questionnaire. Results: In the current study, a total of 314 participants have been recruited in that minimum age of participants is 22 and maximum age is 59 with mean 40.5 ± 9.88. Total prevalence of the MSD is 71.95% among the teachers. In that, female were more affected with 72% than the males with 28%. Conclusion: The teachers here in reported a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in the shoulder, knee, and back.

Prevalence and Associated Factors for Musculoskeletal Pain and Disability Among Spanish Music Conservatory Students.

To assess the prevalence of and factors associated with musculoskeletal pain (MSP) and neck and upper limb disability among music conservatory students. An observational study in two Spanish conservatories, investigating a total of 206 students, administered the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, visual analog scale for pain intensity, Neck Disability Index, DASH, and SF-36. Demographic and lifestyle characteristics and musical performance variables were recorded. Regression models were performed to identify variables associated with MSP for the four most affected anatomical regions and with neck and upper limb disability. The locations with the highest prevalence of MSP were the neck, upper back, shoulders, and lower back. Mild disability affected 47% of participants in the neck and 31% in the upper limbs. Mental health (SF-36) was below the average for the general population (45.5±10.2). Women were more likely to suffer neck pain (odds ratio [OR] 1.1-5.2), lower back pain (OR 1.7-8.7), and neck disability (B 0.6-7.8). The risk for shoulder pain was higher in those who played for more hours (OR 1.7-24.7) and lower among those who performed physical activity (OR 0.23-1.00). Disability in the neck (B -0.3) and upper limbs (B -0.4) was associated with poorer mental health (SF-36). MSP is highly prevalent in music students. Neck and upper limb disability were slight to moderate and both were associated with poorer mental health. The main factors associated with MSP were being female, hours spent practicing, and physical activity. Physical and psychological factors should be taken into account in the prevention of MSP in student-musicians.

Musculoskeletal symptoms among handicraft workers engaged in hand sewing tasks.

This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms and associated risk factors among Iranian handicraft workers engaged in different hand sewing tasks. Data were collected using questionnaires (including the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire) as well as direct observations of posture (using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment [RULA] method) from 632 workers including carpet handicraft workers (n=222), textiles handicraft workers (n=209), and leather handicraft workers (n=201) in Tabriz, Iran. The response rate was 88.8%. The overall prevalence of musculoskeletal complaints, particularly in the neck (57.9%), lower back (51.6%), and shoulders (40.5%) was relatively high. The prevalence of neck and shoulder pain was higher among females and with increasing age. Working posture and fast working were associated with neck, shoulder, and lower back pain. Years worked as a sewing worker was associated with neck and lower back pain. Long duration of continuous sitting work (>2 h) without a break was associated with neck pain. Body mass index, marital status, sport/physical activity, smoking, daily working hours, job satisfaction, and perceived pressure due to work had no effect. The findings indicate a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among the studied handicraft workers and emphasize the importance of individual, physical, and psychosocial aspects of hand sewing tasks in this regard.

PERCEPÇÃO DE DOR E ALTERAÇÕES MUSCULOESQUELÉTICAS EM ATLETAS DE BASQUETE NA PREPARAÇÃO PARA OS JOGOS UNIVERSITÁRIOS DE 2014

Objetivo: Avaliar a percepção de dor e alterações musculoesqueléticas em jogadores de basquete na preparação para o 62° jogos Universitários Brasileiros. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo analítico de caráter retrospectivo com atletas de basquete, de ambos os sexos registrados no 62° jogos Universitários Brasileiros de 2014. Os atletas foram avaliados antes do início dos jogos, os atletas responderam perguntas sobre a percepção de dor musculoesquelética e ocorrência de alguma lesão durante a preparação para os jogos universitários. Resultados: Foi realizada estatística descritiva e inferencial utilizando o software SPSS versão 20.0.Foram entrevistados 296 jogadores de basquete distribuídos em 34 equipes, sendo 19 masculinas e 15 femininas. A idade média foi de 22,08 ± 3,62 anos e 170 (57,4%) foram do sexo masculino. Dos 296 atletas, 185 (62,5%) relataram sentir alguma dor e 213 (72%) relataram a presença de alguma lesão durante a preparação para a competição. 73 (39,5%) relataram sentir dor no joelho, seguido da coluna 45 (24,3%), 24(13%) membro superior, 18 (9,7%) tornozelo e pé. Quando comparada a amostra em relação ao sexo não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação à idade, percepção de dor e regiões corporais afetadas. Já em relação à ocorrência de lesões na preparação, foi observada uma diferença estatisticamente significativa, com maior prevalência nas equipes do sexo masculino. Conclusão: Existe uma alta prevalência de dor e alterações musculoesqueléticas em atletas de basquete durante preparação para competição. Estudos que avaliem fatores associados a dor são necessários.

Full Shift Physical Activity among Reforestation Hand Planters

Reforestation in the Southeastern United States is predominantly accomplished through the use of hand planting methods. A high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain has been reported among reforestation hand planters. This feasibility study aimed to characterize the intensity of physical activity using inertial measurement units (IMUs) placed on the upper arms, trunk, and waist of ten reforestation hand planters during full shift work. Results indicated that participants spent the majority (&gt;50%) of their time performing moderate, vigorous, or very vigorous levels of physical activity. Exposure estimates among planters exceed many other occupations that commonly report a high prevalence of musculoskeletal health outcomes, including healthcare and construction workers. Additional research into the working demands of reforestation hand planters is warranted.

Musculoskeletal Pain in Melancholic and Atypical Depression.

Pain and depressive disorders often present together, but little is known about the prevalence of pain in depression subgroups. The objective of this study was to examine the possible differences in the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain between participants in melancholic and atypical depression subgroups. Cross-sectional study. Depression nurse case managers where depression patients receive treatment in primary health care. Participants included 413 depression patients and 401 controls. Depressive symptoms were determined with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-21), and diagnosis of depression was confirmed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The participants were dichotomized into subgroups with melancholic depression (n = 269), atypical depression (n = 144), and controls (n = 401). Musculoskeletal pain was identified during last four weeks. Participants were enrolled in the study between 2008 and 2009. The prevalence of pain was 37% in controls, 57% in atypical depression, and 71% in melancholic depression (P < 0.001, after adjusting for sex and age). A logistic regression model showed that the odds ratio of pain after adjusting for confounding factors was 2.35 (1.56 to 3.56) with atypical depression compared with controls (P < 0.001) and 4.38 (3.03 to 6.33) with melancholic depression compared with atypical depression (P = 0.006). BDI scores were higher for those with melancholic depression than for those with atypical depression (P < 0.001). Melancholic depression showed to be associated with a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in comparison with atypical depression. This finding highlights the need for further studies about the mechanisms behind the association, particularly in melancholic depression.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents and association with computer and videogame use

ObjectiveThis study investigated the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in high school adolescents from public schools and its association with electronic device use. MethodsThe sample consisted of 961 boys and girls aged 14 to 19 years who answered a questionnaire regarding the use of computers and electronic games, and questions about pain symptoms and physical activity. Furthermore, anthropometric assessments of all volunteers were performed. The chi‐squared test and a multiple logistic regression model were used for the inferential analysis. ResultsThe presence of musculoskeletal pain symptoms was reported by 65.1% of the adolescents, being more prevalent in the thoracolumbar spine (46.9%), followed by pain in the upper limbs, representing 20% of complaints. The mean time of use for computers and electronic games was 1,720 and 583minutes per week, respectively. The excessive use of electronic devices was demonstrated to be a risk factor for cervical and lumbar pain. Female gender was associated with the presence of pain in different body parts. Presence of a paid job was associated with cervical pain. ConclusionA high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents, as well as an increased amount of time using digital devices was observed. However, it was only possible to observe an association between the increased use of these devices and the presence of cervical and low back pain.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents and association with computer and videogame use

ObjectiveThis study investigated the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in high school adolescents from public schools and its association with electronic device use. MethodsThe sample consisted of 961 boys and girls aged 14–19 years who answered a questionnaire regarding the use of computers and electronic games, and questions about pain symptoms and physical activity. Furthermore, anthropometric assessments of all volunteers were performed. The chi-squared test and a multiple logistic regression model were used for the inferential analysis. ResultsThe presence of musculoskeletal pain symptoms was reported by 65.1% of the adolescents, being more prevalent in the thoracolumbar spine (46.9%), followed by pain in the upper limbs, representing 20% of complaints. The mean time of use for computers and electronic games was 1.720 and 583minutes per week, respectively. The excessive use of electronic devices was demonstrated to be a risk factor for cervical and lumbar pain. Female gender was associated with the presence of pain in different body parts. Presence of a paid job was associated with cervical pain. ConclusionA high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in adolescents, as well as an increased amount of time using digital devices was observed. However, it was only possible to observe an association between the increased use of these devices and the presence of cervical and low back pain.

Perceived stress and musculoskeletal pain are prevalent and significantly associated in adolescents: an epidemiological cross-sectional study.

BackgroundLong-term musculoskeletal pain and negative stress are health risks with adverse long-term health effects, and these health risks seem to increase among young people. The mechanisms behind this are unclear. There is a need for a better understanding of perceived stress and musculoskeletal pain among adolescents, in order to improve health promotion and treatment approaches in this group.MethodsObjectives were to evaluate the current prevalence of perceived stress and musculoskeletal pain in 15 and 16 year olds, to explore stress-pain associations and the probability that perceived stress (PSQ) was related to the reporting of pain and variations in pain, and to investigate possible differences in stress between different types of musculoskeletal pain in the adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted. Elementary schools participated. The outcomes were stress (Perceived stress questionnaire; PSQ) and musculoskeletal pain (pain/no pain, pain sites, pain duration and pain intensity (Visual analogue scale; VAS).ResultsFifty-one point two percent (N = 422) reported pain, of which 70.8 % reported long-term pain. Some more girls (57.9 %) reported pain. 22.0 % of the study population reported moderate to severe stress (PSQ ≥ 0.45), of which 79.6 % were bothered by pain (Pearson Chi-square 38.47, p ≤ .001). All stress and pain variables were significantly associated (p < .01). The strongest association appeared between pain intensity (VAS) and stress (PSQ) (r = 0.40). Perceived stress (PSQ) was associated with the reporting of pain among the adolescents (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.68) and could explain some of the variation in pain intensity (VAS; β = 0.15, p < .001) and number of pain sites (β = 0.14, p < .01), according to the regression analyses. There were no mean differences in stress (PSQ) between different types of musculoskeletal pain.ConclusionsThere was high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, long-term pain and moderate to severe stress (PSQ ≥ 0.45) in this study sample. Perceived stress (PSQ) was related to the reporting of musculoskeletal pain among the adolescents and could explain some of the variation in pain intensity (VAS) and number of pain sites. There were no differences in stress levels (PSQ) between different types of musculoskeletal pain in the adolescents.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2414-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

In sickness and in health: A cross-sectional analysis of concordance for musculoskeletal pain in 13,507 couples.

BackgroundMusculoskeletal pain conditions are common and create substantial burden for the individual and society. While research has shown concordance between couples for risk of some diseases, e.g. heart disease or diabetes, little information is available on such effects for musculoskeletal pain conditions. Our aims were to investigate the presence of concordance between couples for consultations about pain, and to examine theoretical influences on such concordance.MethodsThis was a 1‐year cross‐sectional study of musculoskeletal pain consultations in a UK primary care database. In total 27,014 patients (13,507 couples) aged between 30 and 74 years were included. The main outcome measure was the presence of a musculoskeletal morbidity read code indicating a consultation for musculoskeletal conditions (any, back, neck, knee, shoulder, foot, osteoarthritis). Logistic regression was used to test associations with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI).ResultsPatients whose partner had a musculoskeletal pain consultation were also more likely to consult for a musculoskeletal condition (OR 1.22, 95% CI 1.12–1.32). This association was found to be strongest for shoulder disorders (OR 1.91, 95% CI 1.06–3.47). No significant associations were found for other pain conditions.ConclusionResults show that partner concordance is present for consultations for some musculoskeletal conditions but not others. Possible explanations for concordance include the shared health behaviours between couples leading to potential heightened awareness of symptoms. Given the high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain within populations, it may be worth considering further the mechanisms that explain partner concordance.

Musculoskeletal pain in melancholic and atypical depression

Objective. Pain and depressive disorders often present together, but little is known about the prevalence of pain in depression subgroups. The objective of this study was to examine the possible differences in the prevalence of musculoskeletal pain between participants in melancholic and atypical depression subgroups. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. Depression nurse case managers where depression patients receive treatment in primary health care. Subjects. Participants included 413 depression patients and 401 controls. Methods. Depressive symptoms were determined with the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-21), and diagnosis of depression was confirmed with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The participants were dichotomized into subgroups with melancholic depression (n = 269), atypical depression (n = 144), and controls (n = 401). Musculoskeletal pain was identified during last four weeks. Participants were enrolled in the study between 2008 and 2009. Results. The prevalence of pain was 37% in controls, 57% in atypical depression, and 71% in melancholic depression ( P < 0.001, after adjusting for sex and age). A logistic regression model showed that the odds ratio of pain after adjusting for confounding factors was 2.35 (1.56 to 3.56) with atypical depression compared with controls ( P < 0.001) and 4.38 (3.03 to 6.33) with melancholic depression compared with atypical depression ( P = 0.006). BDI scores were higher for those with melancholic depression than for those with atypical depression ( P < 0.001). Conclusions. Melancholic depression showed to be associated with a higher prevalence of musculoskeletal pain in comparison with atypical depression. This finding highlights the need for further studies about the mechanisms behind the association, particularly in melancholic depression.

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Indian Dentists: A Pilot Survey with Assessment by Rapid Entire Body Assessment

ABSTRACT Introduction Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are increasingly becoming a nuisance for dental professionals. Nearly, 2 million workers across the world suffer from MSDs each year, with dentists facing an increased risk of developing these ailments. This study is an attempt to assess the risk of MSDs among dental professionals, and eventually to spread awareness regarding the importance of good posture and proper ergonomics. Objectives To determine the presence of MSDs among Indian dentists. Materials and methods A research survey was conducted among dental professionals practicing in and around Maharashtra state, India. The questionnaire for the study included a series of questions, when coupled with the rapid entire body assessment (REBA) scale, allows one to assess his/her posture during work and eventually determines the need to improve the same. Two hundred dentists completed the questionnaire given. Result The study revealed a high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain among dental professionals. Conclusion A relation was observed between the severity of the pain experienced by the dentists and their REBA score indicating that dentists with a higher REBA score need to adapt their working postures and employ proper ergonomics. How to cite this article Bhagwat S, Hegde S, Mandke L. Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders among Indian Dentists: A Pilot Survey with Assessment by Rapid Entire Body Assessment. World J Dent 2015;6(1):39-44.

Sleep and musculoskeletal complaints among elite athletes of Santa Catarina

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: There are many physiological processes going on during sleep which are important for physical and emotional balance and especially for motor function, essential for athletes' performance. This study aimed at investigating associations between sleep duration and quality and musculoskeletal complaints among elite athletes of the state of Santa Catarina. METHODS: Four hundred and fifty-two athletes from various sports have been investigated on issues related to sleep (duration, quality) and musculoskeletal complaints in body parts through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire, respectively. The association between sleep and muscle pain was analyzed by Spearman's correlation of “number of painful body parts” and “Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores”. RESULTS: Mean age of athletes was 21.16 years (5.82), being 61.1% females and 38% with poor sleep quality and association between the amount of nighttime awakenings with nocturnal pain (p <0.001). There has been high prevalence of musculoskeletal pain, more evident on knees, shoulders, ankle/feet and low back. The number of painful parts was correlated (r=0.216) with higher Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Athletes had high prevalence of poor sleep quality and musculoskeletal pain complaints, especially on knee, shoulders, back and ankle/feet. The correlation between poor sleep quality and pain was more evident as the number of affected body parts increased. Athletes with poorer sleep quality had more pain as compared to those with sleep duration changes, suggesting that musculoskeletal complaints are associated to athletes' sleep quality rather than to sleep duration.