We study the three-point boundary value problem of higher-order fractional differential equations of the formDc0+ρut+ft, ut=0,0<t<1,2⩽n-1<ρ<n,u′(0)=u′′(0)=⋯=un-1(0)=0,u(1)+pu′(1)=qu′(ξ), where cD0+ρis the Caputo fractional derivative of orderρ, and the functionf:[0,1]×[0,∞)↦[0,+∞)is continuously differentiable. Here,0⩽q⩽p,0<ξ<1,2⩽n-1<ρ<n. By virtue of some fixed point theorems, some sufficient criteria for the existence and multiplicity results of positive solutions are established and the obtained results also guarantee that the positive solutions discussed are monotone and concave.