Introduction: There have been no studies looking at predictors of readmission that include patient, hospital and society-related factors after hospitalization for acute diverticulitis. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the predictors of hospital readmissions in patients with acute diverticulitis from a large national database.Figure 1Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis using the National Readmission Database (NRD) conducted from January 2013-December 2013, to determine if patient demographic and clinical characteristics were predictive of hospital readmission within 30 days for adult patients (Age>18 years) discharged with a principle diagnosis of acute diverticulitis. Index stays were re identified from January to November to allow for a 30-day readmission window for all index stays. Index stays required “live” discharge status and non-missing length of stay. Clinical variables were based on secondary diagnoses at the time of first admission. A logistic regression model was used to determine the predictive value of the selected variables. Results: 210,323 index admissions were identified, with 25,074 patients readmitted within 30 days (11.9 %). Patients with private insurance had a lower likelihood of readmission compared to patients on Medicare {OR 0.79 (0.72 - 0.87)}. A rising Charlson comorbidity score (CCS) correlated with a higher odds for readmission {OR of 1.19 (1.12 - 1.26) for CCS of 1 and OR 1.60 (1.51 - 1.70) for scores >1 compared to CCS of 0}. Institution of a bowel regimen was associated with reduced rate of readmission {OR 0.66 (0.61 - 0.71)}. Presence of complications, such as anemia {OR 1.10 (1.03 - 1.18)} and need for blood transfusion {OR 1.24 (1.12 - 1.37)} were associated with higher odds of readmission. Length of stay over 6 days was also associated with a higher likelihood of readmission {OR 1.55 (1.46 - 1.64)}. Conclusion: From this exploratory study, 11.9% of patients who are admitted for management of acute diverticulitis are readmitted within 30 days. Increased severity of disease as indicated by presence of anemia, need for blood transfusion and high CCS was associated with an increased likelihood of readmission. Importantly, institution of a bowel regimen was associated with a significantly reduced risk of readmission, a simple intervention that could be targeted in future hospital quality improvement projects.