SN38 PLGA nanoparticles provide sustained antitumor efficacy and ameliorate colitis severity in a murine colitis-associated cancer model.

Cause-variations in neonatal mortality across Europe and Africa; evidence from a 20-year retrospective dataset and clinical practice guidelines.

Association of coffee consumption with diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Academic burnout is a growing concern in university settings, yet research has mainly focused on internalizing symptoms such as depression and anxiety. Less attention has been devoted to the role of sleep-related variables, including insomnia and chronotype, in explaining burnout levels. This study aimed to assess the relative contribution of internalizing symptoms and sleep-related factors to academic burnout in university students and to test a moderated mediation model in which insomnia mediated the association between internalizing symptoms and burnout, while chronotype was examined as a potential moderator. A total of 625 Italian undergraduate students (mean age=22.55, 59.7% female) completed standardized self-report measures assessing academic burnout, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, insomnia severity, and chronotype. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed, followed by a moderated mediation model to evaluate indirect effects through insomnia across chronotype categories. The final regression model explained 68% of the variance in burnout symptoms. Depression and anxiety were significantly and positively associated with burnout. Higher insomnia severity was associated with higher levels of burnout, whereas intermediate and morning chronotypes showed lower burnout levels compared with evening types. The moderated mediation analysis revealed significant indirect effects of depressive and anxious symptoms on burnout through insomnia for most chronotype categories, while the indirect effect for depression was non-significant among morning-type students. These findings underscore the relevance of both psychological and chronobiological factors in academic burnout. Insomnia appears to be a key mechanism linking internalizing symptoms to burnout.

Disorders of arousal (DOA) are parasomnias occurring during Non-REM Sleep (NREM), stemming from incomplete arousal from slow wave sleep and resulting in diverse, complex emotional and motor behaviours. Growing evidence suggests that distinct psychopathological traits play a role in the multifaceted genesis of these occurrences. This multicentre study aims to characterize the personality profiles of adults with and without DOA using the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. We included 39 patients diagnosed with DOA (mean age=30.9±10.2 years, 22 females) and 40 healthy control subjects matched for age and gender (mean age of 32.4±11.6 years, 21 females). Participants completed the Paris Arousal Disorder Severity Scale, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, the Sleep Condition Indicator, and the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. Higher levels of Harm Avoidance, Reward Dependence, and Persistence were predictive of the occurrence of DOA, as were elevated Anticipatory Worry and Attachment, and low Self-directedness. These findings support the hypothesis that certain psychobiological personality traits may be associated with the occurrence of DOA. To deepen our understanding, prospective studies are essential, aiming to delve into the causal relationship between the psychopathological profile and the clinical manifestation of DOA and assess the impact of targeted psychological interventions on DOA symptomatology.

Integrative genomics reveals Pichia kluyveri's potential for enhanced flavor compounds production during alcoholic fermentation.

Admission clinical features associated with disease severity in psittacosis pneumonia: A retrospective study.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) accounts for 5% of U.S. cancers, causing ~14,400 deaths annually. Racial minorities and socioeconomically disadvantaged HNC patients experience worse outcomes, presenting at advanced stages and receiving less effective treatment. Even after adjusting for socioeconomic status, insurance, and disease severity, racial and ethnic disparities persist, suggesting additional contributing factors. Perceived discrimination may drive these disparities. This study examines associations between perceived discrimination and demographic, racial, and oncologic factors in HNC patients, hypothesizing associations with race and later-stage diagnoses. Seventy two HNC patients diagnosed and treated in the past 5 years were recruited. Discrimination was measured using the Discrimination in Medical Settings Scale (DMS), scoring from 7 (no discrimination) to 35 (high discrimination). Patient characteristics and DMS scores were summarized, and associations were analyzed using general linear models. Qualitative insights were collected to guide future research. Most participants were Non-Hispanic White (86.1%), male (68.1%), with an average DMS score of 9.1. Black patients reported lower (nonsignificant) discrimination scores than White patients. Lower-income patients reported significantly higher discrimination scores than high-income patients. No association was found between DMS scores and cancer stage. Qualitative data revealed higher discrimination perceptions among patients with stigmatized histories (e.g., substance use) and lower perceptions among those with limited healthcare exposure. Perceived discrimination in HNC patients is most strongly associated with income, with lower-income patients reporting higher levels of discrimination. Addressing income-related barriers and health-related social needs may help to mitigate perceived discrimination in this population. 3.

Investigation of EU-priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in wheat flour and baked products: Implications for food safety.

Racial discrimination experiences (RDEs) are pervasive and prevalent stressors for Black Americans, which occur on a daily basis and are linked with a variety of negative mental health outcomes. This study examines the impact of an individual's daily average (e.g., between-person) and daily fluctuations (e.g., within-person) of RDEs on daily depressive symptoms among 231 Black American adolescents and adults. Reporting higher levels and more fluctuations in daily RDEs was linked with increased depressive symptoms. The impact of daily fluctuations was stronger among Black American adults compared to adolescents. RDEs occur on a daily basis and are harmful for the mental health of Black American adolescents and adults. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Childhood emotional maltreatment and adolescent restrictive eating: A longitudinal structural equation modeling and network analysis.

Are mature firms more sustainable? An analysis of industry 4.0 maturity

Initial patient perceptions of a treatment's credibility, and expectations for improvement, have been shown to predict to a small degree outcomes for common mental health disorders. This study aimed to discover: how patients with psychosis initially perceive psychological therapy's credibility and likely success; whether there are predictors of these first views; and, primarily, if such ideas predict improvement in persecutory delusions. We analysed first therapy session data on credibility and expectancy from 195 patients with non-affective psychosis taking part in clinical trials treating persecutory delusions. Baseline assessments before randomisation to therapy were used to identify potential predictors of credibility and expectancy. First session credibility and expectancy scores were tested as predictors of persecutory delusion severity six months later. Most patients were optimistic about therapy's potential. Baseline delusion severity did not predict credibility, β=-0.02, p=.742, or expectancy, β=-0.03, p=.632. Higher psychological well-being predicted higher levels of expectancy, β=0.23, p=.001. Higher levels of credibility, β=-0.17, p=.021, and expectancy, β=-0.17, p=.020, predicted lower severity of persecutory delusions six months later. Credibility, β=0.00, p=.970, and expectancy, β=-0.21, p=.074, did not significantly predict uptake of therapy sessions. Treatment credibility and expectancy may account for a small proportion of improvement when psychological interventions are used to treat severe paranoia. The results are comparable to those for common mental health disorders. There was little prediction of patient variability in credibility and expectancy. It will be helpful to understand a patient's initial views on intervention so that any concerns can be addressed.

Heavy metals bioaccumulation and its impact on fatty acids composition in the benthic crustacean mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) and associated human health risk.

Trichinellosis knowledge and preventive practices in Mapuche communities of southern Chile: Evidence for targeted One Health implementation.

From wages to conflict: Does an increase in the real wage decrease internal conflict in developing countries?

Reframing English language teacher education through multiliteracies in the digital age: A self-efficacy-mediated model of pedagogical competence.

Urinary bladder cancer (UBC) is a leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality worldwide, but current diagnostic methods are invasive and prone to false-negatives. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of HMGB1 protein expression in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder using three distinct methods (serum ELISA, tissue IHC, and mRNA expression) via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and establishing their correlation. This single-center prospective observational study enrolled adults planned for transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) from March 2023 to April 2025 at Banaras Hindu University, India. The study enrolled 64 UBC patients and 21 control subject. For analysis, 5 ml of blood and cystoscopic guided tumor tissue were retrieved from UBC patients undergoing TURBT and normal bladder urothelium, and 5mL blood was retrieved from noncancerous subjects (controls) undergoing cystoscopy for various reasons. Clinicopathologic features including tumor stage (T), grade, risk group, and imaging data also were analyzed with respect to their correlation with HMGB1 expression. Levels of HMGB1 were significantly elevated in the UBC patients compared with the control patients (serum ELISA [p < 0.001], mRNA [p = 0.002], IHC [p = 0.013]). Expression of HMGB1 correlated significantly with tumor stage (T) and grade, with higher levels observed in muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) than in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Notably, HMGB1 expression was highest in very-high-risk NMIBC patients. However, correlations with age, sex, MRI-VIRADS score, tumor size, and number of growths were statistically insignificant. Elevated levels of HMGB1 correlated with advanced tumor stage, high grade, and MIBC, suggesting its utility in early detection and risk stratification, making it a non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for UBC.

Integrated targeted metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis reveals heterogeneity of subcutaneous and pericardial adipose tissues in Yili horses.

Evolution of self-employed physician production: Cohort, career-course, and feminization effects.