Higher Levels Of Spirituality Research Articles

Religiosity & mental health seeking behaviors among U.S. adults.

The association between religiosity and secular mental health utilization is unclear. Evidence suggests that religious and spiritual leaders (R/S leaders) may be more trusted than secular mental health therapists (SMHTs) and are often the first point of contact for individuals with mental health problems who identify as religious. Generalized equation estimate (GEE) analyses were used to examine the association between religiosity and mental health seeking behaviours in 2,107 participants using t Midlife in the United States Study (MIDUS) data collected between 1995 and 2014. The final model indicated that after adjusting for covariates, higher levels of baseline religious identification and baseline spirituality (assessed in 1995) predicted an increase in visits to R/S leaders from 1995 to 2014 by a factor of 1.08 (95% CI=1.01-1.16) and 1.89 (95% CI=1.56-2.28), respectively. Higher levels of baseline religious identification reduced SMHTs visits by a factor of 0.94 (95% CI=0.90-0.98), whereas higher levels of baseline spirituality increased SMHTs visits by a factor of 1.13 (95% CI=1.00-1.27) during the same timeframe. Higher levels of spirituality and religious identification increased the frequency over time of seeking mental health support from R/S leaders relative to SMHTs. Individuals with mental illness may seek support from religious resources, mental health professionals, or both, underscoring the importance of collaboration between R/S leaders and SMHTs. Mental health training for R/S leaders and collaboration with SMHTs may help alleviate mental health burden, especially among those who highly value their religious and spiritual beliefs.

Lived Experiences of Adults about Religious Orientation and Spirituality

The current research aimed to explore the experiences of young and middle-aged adults having internal religious orientation and high spirituality. The purposive sample consists of 8 participants with a distribution of 4 young and 4 middle-aged adults. These 8 participants were drawn from a total sample of 20 participants, based on their high scores on a religious orientation scale, the spirituality wellness test. A semi-structured interview was designed, consisting of 23 questions based on previous literature. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) was used to analyze the data. The results of the study indicated that young adults who have internal religiousness and a high level of spirituality reported that humans suffer for their deeds. This research has wide implications in the field of positive psychology and the psychology of religion.

The Effects of Spirituality on the Quality of Life Among Cancer Patients enrolled in the Out Patient Chemotherapy Clinic

Spirituality was defined as a way individuals seek and express meaning and purpose and the way they experience their connectedness to the moment. Studies showed that spiritual beliefs provided comfort to cancer patients and that different dimensions were related to the different aspects of health. The study aims to determine and correlate the effects of spirituality and the quality of life among patients enrolled in the outpatient chemotherapy clinic. An analytical cross-sectional study using a non-probability convenience sampling was done of which validated questionnaires on the Spirituality and Quality of Life were the research instruments of the study. Pearson’s correlation coefficient/Spearman rho computed on the relationship between the dimensions of spirituality and subscales of the quality of life among cancer patients. Chi-Square/Fisher’s test was used to determine the correlation between the types and stages of cancer with the quality of life and spirituality of the respondents. A total of 105 cancer patients participated in this study, This study revealed that most of the cancer patients enrolled in the outpatient chemotherapy clinic had a mean score of 3.56 +/- 0.35 indicating a moderate to high level of spirituality. It also showed a mean score of 5.41 +/- 0.53 indicating high QOLs. Dimensions of spirituality that were found to have a significant association with QOL domains (p-values < 0.05) were Mindfulness and Feeling of Security which were both found to have a positive correlation with Emotional Well-being and Social Status. Spiritual care should be included as one of the non-pharmacological modalities in the comprehensive management and palliative care for Filipino cancer patients to improve the overall well-being, healthcare outcomes, and quality of life of patients and their families. Keywords: Cancer Patients, Spirituality, Quality of Life

The role of spirituality in later life: a study of older adult university students in Portugal

ABSTRACT This study explores the relationship between spirituality and successful aging in older adults in Portugal. The sample includes 58 participants aged 65 to 89. The findings reveal high levels of spirituality and psychological well-being. There is a significant correlation between spiritual beliefs and hope/optimism, indicating the positive influence of spirituality on emotional well-being. Additionally, spirituality is positively associated with autonomy, highlighting its role in fostering independence in later life. The thematic analysis identifies key themes, including participants´ connection to a higher power, personal well-being, and the lifelong importance of spirituality. These findings emphasize spirituality as a coping mechanism and a source of purpose and meaning in the later stages of life.

The Relationship Between Anxiety, Stress, Purpose in Life, and Spirituality During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aimed to identify the relationship between anxiety, stress, purpose in life and spirituality during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-section study involved 384 respondents above 18 years old, who lived in the Gunung Kidul area, and could speak Bahasa Indonesia. They were selected using the purposive sampling method. The assessment included the Anxiety and Stress Scale, The Purpose of Life, and the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale questionnaire. Anxiety was significantly negatively correlated with spirituality, while stress was significantly negatively correlated with spirituality and meaning in life was significantly positively correlated with spirituality. Respondents who had lower anxiety and stress levels during the pandemic tended to have a high spiritual level, or, during the pandemic, their spiritual activities were higher. Likewise, on the meaning in life, respondents who had a high level of purpose in life also tended to have a high spirituality level.
 Keywords: Anxiety, Stress, Meaning in Life, Spirituality, COVID–19

Exploring the interplay of environmental conservation within spirituality and multicultural perspective: insights from a cross-sectional study.

The need to protect and sustain environmental resources for future generation remains sacrosanct in global sustainability agenda. This study was aimed at exploring the interplay between environmental conservation and spirituality from a multicultural perspective. While studies on "spirituality" have monumentally gained global attention, a growing number of evidence underscore the critical role of spiritual resources available for ensuring environmental stewardship. In this present study, attempt was made to respond to some critical questions: Is there any significant association between spirituality and environmental responsibility? What is the impact of spiritual leadership on environmental conservation? What key messages do spiritual leaders need to prioritize to encourage environmental conservation? And what are some of the spirituality-related predictors of willingness to engage in global environmental conservation efforts among the respondents? To determine this nexus between spirituality and environmentalism, a cross-sectional study design was adopted. Primary data were collected by means of a validated and adapted instrument from various literature searches. Data collected from a sample of 1,438 respondents were entered on Excel spreadsheet and eventually exported on SPSS version 21 for further analysis. Every segment of the instrument used yielded a Cronbach's alpha reliability test result of no less than 0.70. Descriptive statistics and ordinal logistics regression analysis were employed. The findings revealed that majority of respondents expressed a high level of spirituality (p value < 0.05). Majority (70%) of the respondents believe that everyone has a duty of care toward nature. More than two-third (> 60.0%) would be more inclined to observing environmental conservative measures if their spiritual leaders would continue to give exemplary teachings on environmental conservation. While a few indicators of spirituality yielded direct correlation with the willingness to engage in global environmental conservation efforts, most of the selected indicators reflect willingness. Some of these (predictors) include how often respondents pray, meditate, and fast; caring about people, animals, and the planet; being just happy to be alive; etc. In conclusion, this study reasoned that spirituality could indeed serve as a foundation for environmental conservation campaigns and could reinforce pro-environmental behaviors.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on older cancer patients: Proposed solution by the International Geriatric Radiotherapy Group.

Older cancer patients are disproportionally affected by the Coronavirus 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. A higher rate of death among the elderly and the potential for long-term disability have led to fear of contracting the virus in these patients. This fear can, paradoxically, cause delay in diagnosis and treatment that may lead to a poor outcome that could have been prevented. Thus, physicians should devise a policy that both supports the needs of older patients during cancer treatment, and serves to help them overcome their fear so they seek out to cancer diagnosis and treatment early. A combination of telemedicine and a holistic approach, involving prayers for older cancer patients with a high level of spirituality, may improve vaccination rates as well as quality of life during treatment. Collaboration between health care workers, social workers, faith-based leaders, and cancer survivors may be crucial to achieve this goal. Social media may be an important component, providing a means of sending the positive message to older cancer patients that chronological age is not an impediment to treatment.

Korelasi Tingkat Spiritualitas Dengan Tingkat Stress Pada Klien Diabetes Tipe 2

Stress in diabetic patients creates a serious issue with disease severity. Stress can significantly impact an individual's physical, psychological, intellectual, social, and spiritual. In addition, stress becomes a threat to the physiological imbalance. By considering the magnitude consequences of stress on diabetic patients, it is necessary to find a way to manage stress. The research aimed to determine the relationship between spirituality and stress levels in diabetic patients. The correlational design was used and conducted at the Dinoyo Public Health Center using an accidental sampling technique. The number of respondents in this study was 150 diabetic patients, and the sample of the study was calculated using the G*Power application. The questionnaires used to collect data were Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality and Perceived Stress Scale-10. The data was statistically tested using Spearman Rho. The results showed a p-value or significant value (0.000) less than α (0.05), which means there was a relationship between spirituality and stress levels in diabetic patients. In conclusion, the diabetes patients showed a high level of spirituality within low-stress levels on average.

Spirituality and the Use of Psychoactive Substances: The Perspective of Polish Students

The objective of the article is to examine and analyze the correlation between the spirituality of Polish students and their use of psychoactive substances. The main research problem has been formulated as follows: What is the relationship between students’ spirituality and their use of selected psychoactive substances? The empirical research used the diagnostics survey method with the questionnaire technique and ASP (Aspects of Spirituality) scales. The study was carried out from November 2021 to December of the same year. The participants included 1348 Polish students from Krakow academies and universities. Based on the results of statistical tests, the hypothesis on the correlation between the students’ spirituality and their use of selected psychoactive substances was verified and accepted. Students with higher levels of spirituality (the protective factor) use psychoactive substances less frequently and in smaller quantities. Therefore, it was concluded that spirituality is a protective factor in young peoples’ lives. Some implications for student education are noted.

Spiritually grounded character: A latent profile analysis.

The relationship between personal spirituality and character strengths has not been adequately explored. We investigate this relationship in an adult sample via latent profile analysis. Seven-hundred and sixty-three individuals aged 18 to 68years completed a survey of personal spirituality (e.g., Delaney Spirituality Scale), character strengths and virtues (e.g., VIA Inventory), flourishing (i.e., general wellbeing; PERMA Profiler), and various demographic variables (e.g., age, race, sexual orientation, yearly income, education level, religiosity, importance of spirituality and religion, and religious attendance). Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to identity profiles of individuals based on their reported levels personal spirituality and character strengths (i.e., VIA virtues). A best-fitting model consisting of four distinct, non-overlapping profiles emerged. In every profile, the degree of personal spirituality was consistently associated with strengths of character. Profiles that exhibited high levels of spirituality and character also reported greater levels of flourishing. Furthermore, profiles high in spirituality and character were associated with the observance of formal religion, report of high levels of spiritual and religious importance, and report of frequent attendance of religious services. These findings suggest that spirituality and character go hand in hand, that higher levels of the conjoint spirituality and character or "spiritually grounded character" correspond to greater wellbeing and may be generated or supported by a formal religious identification, practice, and community.

Do the Compassion and Spirituality Levels of TurkishNursing Students Influence their Attitudes Toward Organ Donation?

This study was a descriptive-correlational design whichevaluated the relationship between compassion and spirituality levels and attitudes toward organ donation among Turkish nursing students. Asample of 296 participants studying in the nursing department of a foundation university in the spring semester of the 2021-2022 academic year was formed. A descriptive information form, Spirituality Scale, Compassion Scale, and Organ Donation Attitude Scale were used for data collection. Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis were used to evaluate scale scores. The compassion levels of students were high, their attitudes toward organ donation were positive and strong, and their level of spirituality ([Formula: see text]= 18.71 ± 6.10) was slightly above average. Higher levels of spirituality and compassion were positively correlated with positive attitudes toward organ donation (p < 0.05). The compassion and spirituality of nurses should be high for raising public awareness of organ donation.

Islamic Resilience as Spiritual and Psychological Coping Strategies for Muslims during COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aims to explain the concept of resilience from the Islamic perspective. This study used qualitative methodology with a literature approach. The results showed that the phenomenon of religious human behavior should not only be judged by the lens of modern secular psychology theory, but also by the theory of psychology based on Islamic values. It is because they have different frames in looking at reality; and resilience in Islam is an obligation. Having resilient personalities, in Islamic teaching, means individuals’ iman (faith) should be tested. Humans are motivated to have resilience after getting life’s problems with the Covid-19 issue. Individuals’ faith has not reached a high level of spirituality when they have not been tested. There are some personalities in Islam that are in line with the concept of resilience for overcoming the Covid-19 issue in positive psychology such as sabr, tawakkal, shukr, rida, ikhlas and tawbah. In order to increase resilience in overcoming the Covid-19 issue, Sufis provide spiritual training such as takhalli, tahalli, and tajalli.

Профилактика девиантного поведения подростков в контексте духовно-нравственного воспитания

Abstract: The article deals with one of the urgent problems of modern educational practice – the problem of prevention of deviant behavior of adolescents as a necessary condition for the progressive and safe development of society and civilization as a whole. When examining the problem under consideration, the authors focus on the study of the phenomenon of deviant behavior, since the effective implementation of preventive educational practice requires a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of the essence of deviant behavior. On the basis of this statement, the authors have studied the main types of deviant behavior, its leading socio-psychological determinants, the system of the most adopted scientific approaches to the interpretation of this scientific category, as well as pedagogical strategies for the prevention of this type of behavior. The complex of applied forms and methods of pedagogical prevention crucially determines the effectiveness of preventive measures, and therefore, this aspect is also reflected in our article. Particular attention is paid to the problem of spiritual and moral education of the younger generation. Achieving a high level of spirituality and morality both of an individual and society is considered as a kind of unconditional guarantee of preventive work to prevent adolescent deviance.

Examining the differential protective effects of women’s spirituality and religiosity on alcohol and marijuana use by sexual identity

The current study explored how religiosity and spirituality may differentially influence substance use by sexual identity based on a sample of adult sexual minority women (SMW; n = 437 lesbian; n = 323 bisexual) relative to a heterosexual comparison sample (n = 636). We examined three questions: (1) whether spirituality was differentially associated with alcohol and marijuana use by sexual identity; (2) whether religiosity was differentially associated with alcohol and marijuana use by sexual identity; (3) whether observed differences between spirituality or religiosity and substance use by sexual identity persisted after adjusting for religious environment. Measures included spirituality (importance of spirituality), religiosity (importance of religion, attending religious services), and past year substance use (alcohol use disorder [AUD], any marijuana use, and regular marijuana use). Higher levels of spirituality were associated with increased odds of AUD among both lesbian and bisexual respondents relative to heterosexuals. Higher levels of religiosity among lesbian participants were associated with increased odds of AUD relative to heterosexuals with higher levels of religiosity. Consistent with theories of minority stress, findings suggest that spirituality and religiosity are less protective for SMW than heterosexual women and, in some cases, may contribute to greater risk of substance use.

DUKUNGAN SOSIAL DAN SPIRITUAL DALAM MEMBENTUK RESILIENSI REMAJA PADA MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 DI KELURAHAN KEMAYORAN BANGKALAN

Changes in the learning process due to the Covid-19 pandemic have become a source of stress for adolescents. The change from face-to-face methods to online learning must be able to be adapted well by teenagers. One of the important components in the adaptation process is resilience. This study aims to determine the relationship between social and spiritual support and adolescent resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research design was used cross sectional with a sample of 142 adolescents. Data retrieval was using google forms to minimize contact with respondents. The result showed a relationship between social support p = 0.001 and spirituality p = 0.000 with adolescent resilience during the covid-19 pandemic. Adolescents with high social support have a 9x chances of forming high resilience and adolescents with a high spiritual level have a 0.17x chances of forming high resilience. Adolescents need to get a good social support from family, friends and the environment, and develop a high spiritual level to form resilience and prevent the emergence of psychosocial disorders.&#x0D; Keywords: Social Support, Spiritual, Resilience, Adolescent

The efficacy of religious and spiritual interventions in nursing care to promote mental, physical and spiritual health: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundSpiritual interventions have proved to alleviate suffering, help the patient to prepare for end of life issues, improve quality of life, and well-being. ObjectiveThis study aims to investigate the efficacy of religious and spiritual interventions in nursing care to promote mental, physical and spiritual health as compared to control groups not receiving such care. MethodsThis is a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials from SCOPUS, PUBMED, Web of Science and CINAHL databases. The searches were carried out between May and July 2020 without restrictions concerning the date of publication. Peer-reviewed articles published in English, Portuguese or Spanish, focusing on nurses were included. This study followed the PRISMA guidelines. In addition, the CONSORT and The Cochrane Collaborations tool for assessing risk of bias were followed. ResultsThe search process identified 1308 publications, 18 randomized controlled trials were included for the systematic review and 9 for the meta-analysis. The meta-analyses revealed that spiritual interventions were associated with lower mental health symptoms (SMD = -6.91 [−9.83,-3.98], p < 0.001, I2 = 99 %), greater well-being (SMD = 1.26 [0.58, 1.93], p < 0.001, I2 = 94 %) and higher levels of spirituality (SMD = 0.48 [0.29, 0.67], p < 0.001, I2 = 31 %) as compared to individuals in the control group. ConclusionsSpiritual interventions seem to be effective to promote health, as seen for mental health, spirituality, well-being and physical outcomes. Nevertheless, more than half of the studies have a high risk of bias in any of the dimensions evaluated and there is an important heterogeneity among interventions and outcomes. This is particularly important to nurses and nurse managers who want to provide a holistic care to their patients.

Investigation of the Relationship Between the Spiritual Orientation and Psychological Well-Being Levels of Inpatients with a Diagnosis of COVID-19 In Turkey: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study was carried out to determine the relationship between the spiritual orientation and psychological well-being levels of inpatients diagnosed with COVID-19 and the factors affecting the psychological well-being of patients. This cross-sectional study was conducted with 136 patients diagnosed with COVID-19 who were hospitalized in the COVID-19 clinics of a state hospital between May and July 2021 and volunteered to participate in the study. To collect the study data, the Personal Information Form, Spiritual Orientation Scale (SOS) and Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWBS) were used. There was a positive correlation between the mean scores obtained from the overall SOS and PWBS (r = .335, p < .001). Of the participants, those who were women, who were over 65-year-old patients, who were hospitalized for 8–14 days and who had chronic diseases had lower levels of psychological well-being. The inpatients with a diagnosis of COVID-19 had high levels of spirituality and psychological well-being. It was found that there is a relationship between the spiritual orientation and psychological well-being of inpatients hospitalized with the diagnosis of COVID-19. The fact that nurses take spirituality into account while providing care to patients diagnosed with COVID-19 may be effective in protecting their patients' mental health.

Psychopathological analysis, suicidality and spirituality in elderly people with cancer

Objective: The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between psychopathology, suicidality and spirituality and religiosity (R/S) of elderly people with cancer. Methods: To this end, a cross-sectional study was conducted at a High Complexity Care Center in Oncology (CACON, as per its Portuguese acronym) in the State of Pernambuco (Brazil). The sample consisted of 60 people over 60 years of age admitted to the oncology ward from September 2019 to January 2020. Sociodemographic and clinical data (oncology and mental health) were collected, where psychopathological aspects and R/S indexes were analyzed. For statistical analysis, the SPSS 13.0 software was used. Results: Controlled levels of psychopathology (4.75 ± 5.68) were found, in addition to high levels of spirituality (22.35 ± 6.06) and organizational (2.68 ± 1.54), non-organizational (2.20 ± 2.89) and intrinsic (4.87 ± 2.89) religiosity. There was a statistically significant association between psychopathology and suicidality (p = 0.023). Conclusion: The significant potential of R/S in the lives of elderly people with cancer was noted, and then it is suggested to include this perspective in multidisciplinary care practices. The association between psychopathology and suicidality reinforces the need for greater articulation between psychiatry and psychology in the care of people with chronic and threatening conditions such as cancer.

Religious and existential well-being among nursing students in anambra state, nigeria

Spirituality is a significant concept for the discipline of nursing with substantial influence on holistic care of patients. The purpose of the study was to investigate the status of Spiritual Well-Being (SWB) among nursing students in public Schools of Nursing in Anambra State, Nigeria.&#x0D; A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 228 nursing students based in three government Schools of Nursing in Anambra State, Nigeria. A 20 item Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWS) comprising of 10 questions each on religious and existential wellbeing sub-scales was adapted for the study. Internal consistency reliability of the instrument using the Cronbach Alpha coefficient was 0.93. Ethical approval was obtained from Nnamdi Azikwe University Teaching Hospital (NAUTH) ethical committee. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Chi-Square and Pearson correlation analysis were done to verify association between variables using SPSS version 21 for Windows. Probability value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean age of respondents was 22 years. Overall, 55.1% reported moderate level of spirituality compared with 44.9% who had high level of spirituality. Nursing students’ average spiritual well-being (SWB) score was 97.7. SWB was significantly related to the level of study of respondents (p= 0.001). A significant strong positive correlation was found between Religious Well-Being (RWB) and Existential Well-Being (p=0.001; r=.697). The study has shown that nursing students in public Schools of Nursing in Anambra State, self-reported moderate level of spiritual wellbeing (SWB). Educational interventions are required to improve nursing students’ religious and existential well-being for the ultimate purpose of promoting holistic nursing care.

The Relationship Between Spirituality Level and The Incidence of Depression: A Study on Eleventh-Grade Students at Pondok Al-Hidayat Islamic Boarding School Krasak Demak

ABSTRACT Background: The depression incidence around Southeast Asia in 2017 was 85.67 million cases (27%), and 7.5% of it occurred in the 15-19 years old age group. In Indonesia, the incidence of depression in 2017 was 9,162,886 cases (3.7%). Depression can be a major cause of disability and even lead to suicide, promoting many studies to find factors that can prevent depression in teenagers, one of which is related to the spirituality level. Objective: Determining the relationship between spirituality level and the incidence of depression. Methods: This study is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design. A total of 106 samples is included. They were eleventh-grade students who only studied Salaf and students who studied both Salaf and general sciences at the Al-Hidayat Islamic Boarding School Krasak Temuroso Guntur, Demak in the 2019-2020 school year. Data was collected using the Spirituality Orientation Inventory questionnaire and the Child Depression Inventory questionnaire, then analyzed using the Chi-square test. Results: The depression incidence among Al-Hidayat Islamic Boarding School students is 12%. Most students (93.5%) have a high spiritual level. There is a relationship between spirituality level and the incidence of depression in all eleventh-grade students, but no significant difference between spirituality level and the incidence of depression among the students who only study Salaf and the students who studied both Salaf and general sciences. Conclusion: The incidence of depression in Al-Hidayat Islamic Boarding School students is related to the spiritual level of students. Keywords: depression, teenager, students, spiritual level, Islamic boarding school