High Level Of Innovation Research Articles

Green and Digital Leadership: Impact on Sustainable Performance, Mediating Environmental Knowledge Sharing, Moderating Technological Innovation

This study aims to explore the influence of Green Leadership and Digital Leadership on Sustainable Performance through the mediating role of Environmental Knowledge Sharing and the moderating role of Technological Innovation. Data were collected from 365 employees of District regional secretariat in North Aceh Regency, Bireuen Regency, and Lhokseumawe City, Indonesia, using a quantitative method with Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) employing Smart PLS software. The findings reveal that both Green Leadership and Digital Leadership significantly impact Environmental Knowledge Sharing. While Digital Leadership does not directly influence Sustainable Performance significantly, both Digital Leadership and Environmental Knowledge Sharing exhibit a positive and significant effect on Sustainable Performance. Environmental Knowledge Sharing significantly mediates the influence of Green Leadership and Digital Leadership on Sustainable Performance. Moreover, Technological Innovation moderates the relationship between Environmental Knowledge Sharing and Sustainable Performance, indicating a reduction in impact at higher levels of innovation. Theoretical implications of these findings extend understanding of how Digital Leadership and Green Leadership affect sustainable performance through environmental knowledge dissemination. Practical implications suggest organizations should prioritize developing digital and green leadership competencies to enhance their environmental knowledge and sustainable performance.

The impact of data factor-driven industry on the green total factor productivity: evidence from the China

Data factors have become an essential factor of production in today’s digital era, and provided renewed energy for China’s green and high-quality development. This study analyses the impact of data factor-driven industries on green total factor productivity (GTFP) and the underlying mechanisms using panel data of 277 Chinese cities from 2008 to 2020. The results show that: First, the urban data factor-driven industry can enhance GTFP. Second, the data factor-driven industry can increase the input–output ratio and enhance GTFP by promoting AI technological innovation and AI technological entrepreneurship. Third, the heterogeneity analysis show that in regions with high levels of digital technological innovation, the market size of data factor-driven industries is larger and the effect of data factor-driven industries in enhancing GTFP is more significant. And in regions with low levels of savings, the data factor-driven industry has limited capital availability and is more efficient in using capital, which has a stronger effect on GTFP enhancement. This study provides valuable empirical evidence on the relationship between data factor-driven industries and urban GTFP, and important policy implications for fully leveraging the green economic effects of data factors, and promoting green and high-quality urban development.

Navigating the Intersection of Agribusiness and Agri-Entrepreneurship: Performance, Challenges, and Opportunities

Agripreneurship, the integration of entrepreneurial principles into agriculture, has become a vital strategy to boost the profitability and attractiveness of farming. This study evaluates the performance of agripreneurs in Haryana, India, focusing on various indicators of success including capacity utilization, cost-benefit ratio, hired labor, perceived profitability, labor relationships, extent of diversification, and social impact. Data was collected from 60 agripreneurs across four districts—Bhiwani, Jind, Hisar, and Kurukshetra—using a structured interview schedule. The results reveal that a significant portion of agripreneurs (46.67%) utilized their capacity to a large extent, while 60% perceived their enterprises as profitable. The findings also indicate that 50% of the businesses had a high level of social contribution and most agripreneurs demonstrated medium to high levels of innovativeness. Statistical analysis shows positive significant relationships between various independent variables (such as age, education, income from agribusiness, risk orientation, and experience) and agribusiness performance. The study concludes that agripreneurs exhibit a high degree of capacity utilization and profitability, maintain generally good labor relationships, and contribute significantly to their communities. The data supports the assertion that both personal and external factors play crucial roles in the success of agribusiness ventures.

Impact of patent infringement damages on firms' innovation performance: the moderating effects of patent-intensive industries

PurposeThe patent thickets exacerbate patent infringement, especially in patent-intensive industries. Damages are a crucial remedy for patent infringement, upholding innovation incentives in the patent system. This paper aims to examine the impact of damages on the subsequent innovation performance of plaintiff and defendant firms and the moderating role of patent-intensive industries in these effects.Design/methodology/approachBased on data from 1,062 Chinese firms involved in patent infringement litigation, this paper uses Poisson panel regression models to examine the dynamic impact of damages on incremental and breakthrough innovation performance for plaintiff and defendant firms and further validates the moderating role of patent-intensive industries on the impacts. Additionally, this paper conducts heterogeneity analysis by categorizing the sample into micro and small enterprises (MSEs) and medium and large enterprises (MLEs).FindingsThis paper shows that MLE plaintiffs skew toward incremental rather than breakthrough innovations after awarding damages, whereas MSEs transiently engage in high-level innovation activities. (2) Plaintiffs with higher payout ratios are more inclined toward undertaking breakthrough innovations. (3) Awarded damages significantly inhibit the innovative output of defendants at varying levels of innovation. (4) Plaintiff firms in patent-intensive industries show more innovation after awarding damages than those in other sectors, but damages do not effectively encourage MSEs to innovate. Defendants in patent-intensive industries are also more reluctant to innovate after damages.Originality/valueThis paper empirically investigates the relationship between patent damages and firms' subsequent innovation performance in terms of litigation status, organizational scale and level of technological innovation. Besides, this paper reveals the differences in the impact of patent protection on firms' innovation in patent-intensive industries versus other industries.

Adaptation of Islamic Finance to the Performance of MSMEs in the Halal Food Industry

Research Originality: The findings of this research will contribute to the Islamic finance literature by answering the research gap between the relationship between MSME adaptation of Islamic finance implementation and MSME performance and providing practitionerinsight for policymakers and MSMEs in the halal food industry.Research Objectives: This study aims to determine the adaptation of Islamic finance to the performance of MSMEs in the halal food industry. Research Methods: The method used a quantitative and explanatory approach. The number of samples in this study was 212 MSME units taken by simple random sampling (SRS). The number of samples in this study is based on the needs of the analytical tools used. The analysis technique used is the structural equation model (SEM) approach with the help of the LISREL program.Empirical Results: The main findings show that halal industry MSMEs that adapt to Sharia finance tend to have a higher level of innovation than those that do not. Data shows that financing by Sharia principles enables MSMEs to allocate their resources more effectively, strengthening their ability to innovate in products and services. Innovations carried out by halal industry MSMEs that adopt a Sharia financial approach are more consistent with Sharia values, which leads to increased acceptance by Muslim consumers.Implications: MSME halal industry managers may consider adopting Islamic finance strategies as part of their business plans. This adoption includes using Sharia financing, investing according to Sharia principles, and managing their finances according to Sharia values. Managers also need to actively develop networks and collaborate with other stakeholders, including Sharia financial institutions, educational institutions, and other companies in the halal industry ecosystem.JEL Classification: D14, G21, L25How to Cite:Gunarto, M., & Yanti, P. (2024). Adaptation of Islamic Finance to the Performance of MSMEs in the Halal Food Industry. Etikonomi, 23(2), 369 – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v23i2.34271.

Research on Relationship Between Governance Structure and Corporate Performance of Chinese Technology Companies

In the post-pandemic age of 2023, the economy is in recovery. Despite the distinctive qualities of technology firms, such as quick development and high levels of innovation, they face problems such as economic downturns and funding issues. As a result, the corporate governance structure is critical to guaranteeing the firms' long-term viability. The purpose of this article is to examine 252 publicly traded technology companies and investigate the link between corporate financial performance and corporate governance arrangements. This article used Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) analysis to look at the link between board independence, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) duality, ownership concentration, and return on equity (ROE). The regression findings indicate a negative association between ROE and the proportion of independent directors. However, there is no substantial association between the duality of ROE and the CEO, and ROE has a U-shaped relationship with ownership concentration. The study's findings imply that corporate executives and regulators should adopt an effective monitoring mechanism to ensure the impartiality and reliability of independent directors' oversight. To ensure strong financial performance, organizations should maintain appropriate levels of independent director percentages and stock concentration.

Modern innovative technologies and sustainable development in the digital economy

This article is devoted to the consideration and assessment of the total impact of the digital economy on sustainable development. Problems such as environmental emissions and pollution, resource depletion and irrational use, which negatively affect the environment, are considered. The authors point out that solving these problems is possible thanks to new technologies and the digital economy. The basis of this study is the analysis of countries with high levels of innovation. Based on these data, the ranking of innovative countries in terms of their level of achieving sustainable development was analyzed. As part of the study, based on the studied material and the data analysis carried out, measures were taken to develop an innovation-sustainable direction, which requires extremely great attention for its further modernization and dissemination. The analysis of innovative countries that are successfully implementing sustainable development goals showed that in Russia it is necessary to increase the level of innovative development, as well as improve measures to achieve sustainable development goals. In addition, it was concluded that, despite the possible negative effects of the digital economy, the positive impact of information technology plays a key role in sustainable development.

Employee green innovation behavior based on the ability-motivation-opportunity framework: fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis

PurposeThe increasing emphasis on ecological responsibility within Chinese enterprises has underscored the critical role of employees’ green innovation behavior in enhancing environmental performance and enhancing core competitiveness. Grounded in the Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity (AMO) theoretical framework, this study employs configuration analysis to investigate the driving mechanisms behind the multi-factorial interplay affecting employees’ green innovation behaviors.MethodologyData was collected through questionnaires distributed among a random sample of 219 Chinese corporate employees. fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fs-QCA) was then applied to identify the specific configurations contributing to high levels of green innovation behavior.Findings(1) There are three driving paths for employees’ green innovation behaviors: a leadership-organization co-driving path composed of green self-efficacy, environmentally transformative leadership, and organizational support; a leadership-driving path composed of green self-efficacy, environmentally transformative leadership, internal motivation, and external motivation; and an organization-driving path composed of green self-efficacy, organizational support, internal motivation, and external motivation. (2) There are three non-green innovation behavior-driven paths: they are divided into organizational support lack type, leadership-organizational joint lack type, and capability lack type. (3) Under specific conditions, motivational factors and environmental change leadership, motivational factors and sense of organizational support can promote employees’ green innovation through equivalent substitution.Originality(1) Significant emphasis is placed on examining how Ability, Motivation, and Opportunity synergize to shape employees’ green innovation behaviors, addressing a gap in the literature regarding their collective influence. (2) The study applies a configural approach to unravel the complex causal linkages influencing employees’ green innovation behaviors, offering detailed insights into the dynamics between individual attributes and contextual factors. (3) This research elucidates the combined effects of factors such as organizational support, leadership styles, and employees’ intrinsic and extrinsic motivations, and how they collaborate to foster an environment conducive to green innovation.ImplicationsThe findings not only enrich the theoretical understanding of green innovation behavior but also provide strategic recommendations for Chinese enterprises to encourage such behavior. These insights are essential for guiding sustainable development and enhancing competitive advantage.

Determinants Influencing the Adoption of Metaverse-based Learning Platforms among University Students

Metaverse, an amalgamation of diverse information technologies, is seen as the future of the internet and holds promise for transforming education. Leveraging metaverse media for immersive learning has the potential to reshape education practices. Despite being a novel concept, metaverse-based education has the capacity to enrich online learning experiences. The study utilized the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model alongside the factor of personal innovativeness in IT, conducting a comprehensive survey involving 244 students from Federal University Wukari, Nigeria. Employing STATA 14, a popular variance-based structural equation modeling technique in social sciences and management, the study analyzed the structural model and conceptual measures, confirming the discriminant validity, dependability, and content of the data. The research findings highlight the importance of personal innovativeness in IT as a direct and indirect predictor of adoption intention among Generation Z students in making decisions about integrating metaverse technologies into higher education. Students demonstrating a high level of innovativeness in IT exhibit a greater willingness to engage with metaverse-based learning incorporating artificial intelligence. The results demonstrate a strong association between the identified characteristics and students' intentions to utilize educational platforms utilizing metaverse technology, contributing valuable insights to the use of technology in educational settings.

Africa must create centres of educational excellence for innovation and development.

This paper explores the following development questions that perplex most Africans: "Why do African countries rely on foreign companies and foreign experts for almost all our development projects? Why can't we build our own roads, process our own food, and mine our own minerals, oil, and gas? Why don't we have world-class hospitals and industries? How can we have so much natural wealth and yet be so poor? Why do we invent so little?" The answer lies in our failure to implement idea number two. There are two major ideas in educational policy. Idea number one is the obligation to educate all children because it is their fundamental human right as enshrined in the 1948 United Nations Declaration of Human Rights. Idea number two is the strategy of establishing and sustaining world class schools and universities for the education of the most highly gifted and highly talented citizens. Developed countries deploy both ideas aggressively. Underdeveloped countries in Africa have not implemented idea number two. Countries that have deployed idea number two have at least one university ranked among the top 200 in the world. The presence of great universities (top 200) in a country is a 21st century indicator of the presence of high levels of innovation, technology, development and wealth in that country. According to the three major rankings of world universities (Shanghai-ARWU, THE, and QS-topuniversities.com), none of the world's top 100 great universities is in Africa. Although Africa was a pioneer among the continents in innovations such as human language, domestication of fire, making of tools, invention of agriculture, development of writing, and creation of great centers of learning in ancient times, it has fallen behind other continents over the last 500 years and it has been disrupted by enslavement and colonization, and the structural adjustment programs (SAPs) of the IMF and the World Bank. Ancient African centers of innovation included the Ancient City of Benin and Timbuktu in Western Africa, the Kingdom of Kush and ancient Egypt in northern Africa, Axum in Eastern Africa, Mapungubwe and Great Zimbabwe in Southern Africa, and the Kingdom of Kongo in central-Africa. An African renaissance will only occur when we implement idea number two by establishing world class schools and at least one great university per African country.

Pengaruh Lingkungan Eksternal, Kompetensi Sumber Daya Manusia Dan Knowledge Management Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi Dengan Inovasi Sebagai Variabel Mediasi (Studi Pada UMKM di Kelurahan Pagerharjo, Kabupaten Kulon Progo)

This study aims to investigate the relationships between the external environment, human resource competencies, knowledge management, and organizational performance with innovation as a mediating variable. Data were collected through direct distribution of questionnaires to 60 respondents who are stakeholders of Kalurahan Pagerharjo, Kulon Progo Regency, registered under the Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes). The analysis method used was SEM-PLS. The study found that the external environment has a non-significant direct influence on organizational performance, but it significantly affects organizational performance when innovation is considered as a mediating variable. This might be due to the industry where the organization operates not being strongly influenced by external environmental factors. Human resource competencies have a significant direct influence on organizational performance, but their influence on organizational performance with innovation as a mediating variable is not significant. The research revealed that despite high levels of human resource competencies and innovation, they are not sufficient to enhance organizational performance. Knowledge management significantly influences organizational performance, both directly and with innovation as a mediating variable. These findings diverge from previous research and suggest that other factors may impact the external environment and organizational performance.

Research on Configuration Paths of Digital Literacy Empowering Medical Students' Innovative Behaviors: Based on Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

To explore the causal complexity between individual digital literacy and innovative behaviors by focusing on medical students, and to provide scientific references for empowering their innovative behaviors. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect relevant data from students currently enrolled in a medical school in Anhui Province. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was performed to examine the different combination paths for empowering innovative behaviors in medical students. A total of 922 valid questionnaires were collected. Based on six conditional variables of digital literacy, namely information and data literacy, communication and collaboration literacy, digital content creation literacy, security literacy, problem solving literacy, and career-related literacy, there were five configurations for high-level innovation behaviors of medical students, with the overall consistency being 0.816 and the overall coverage being 0.664. On the other hand, there were three configurations for their low-level innovation behaviors, with the overall consistency being 0.901 and the total coverage being 0.585. There is a causal complexity between medical students' digital literacy and their innovative behaviors. Different dimensions of digital literacy act synergistically to produce multiple paths to empower medical students' innovative behaviors. Among them, a high level of competence in digital content creation is the core condition that empowers innovative behaviors in medical students, while a low level of problem-solving competence is the key barrier to their innovative behaviors.

International Drug Repurposing Patent Landscaping, Part 1: Rare Diseases 2010–2023

In this first installment of a series of papers on landscaping of drug repurposing patents, we present an analysis in the context of rare diseases. Using the RepoScope drug repurposing database, developed as part of the REPO4EU Horizon Europe project, we identified 190 documents that were published through the international PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty) patent system from 2010 to 2023. These documents claimed utility in a total of 98 rare diseases. We provide detailed tabulated summaries for two representative disease classes: lysosomal storage diseases and muscular dystrophies. High variability in active pharmaceutical ingredients indicated high levels of innovation. Seventy-five percent of rare disease drug repurposing patents were filed by small/medium pharmaceutical companies or universities, often university spin-offs. Big pharmaceutical companies show limited interest in this area, as reflected by their low representation. Approximately one-third of all patent disclosures came from the United States and the European Union (EU). The EU demonstrated a stronger position in patenting for rare diseases than general pharmaceutical patenting. Patentees from China, Korea, and Japan, who are notable in the general pharmaceutical field, showed limited interest in rare disease drug repurposing patents, in contrast to their publication record in this area.

A holistic methodology for designing novel flat plate evacuated solar thermal collectors: Modelling and experimental assessment

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the design, implementation, experimentation, and optimization of a novel evacuated flat-plate solar thermal collector characterized by a vacuum level between the glass cover and the absorber plate. The paper addresses different research themes, primarily focusing on developing a low-cost evacuated solar thermal collector with a high innovation level. Additionally, it introduces a comprehensive approach for the conceptualization, design, fabrication, testing, and optimization of solar thermal collectors. Specifically, this study aims to highlight the characteristics of a vacuum-enhanced solar thermal collector and demonstrate a step-by-step process involved in its design, fabrication, testing, and optimization. The proposed methodology is based on the adoption of two software tools and an extensive experimental analysis: the commercial software ANSYS is utilized for structural analysis, while MatLab is employed to develop a suitable mathematical tool for assessing the energy performance of the system and optimizing it. The outcomes show the reliability of the methodology and the performance of the low-cost evacuated solar thermal collector under different vacuum levels, providing insights into energy, economic, and environmental aspects. This work innovates by presenting a thorough analysis covering all solar thermal collector production phases, from conceptualization to optimization. The conclusions highlight the production of a reliable approach, and proof-of-concept results demonstrate how increasing the vacuum level enhances the thermal efficiency of a solar collector.

Examining the Relationship Between Individual Innovativeness and Positive Future Expectation Levels of Physical Education Teacher Candidates

This study aimed to examine the effect of teacher candidates' individual innovativeness levels on their positive future expectations. A total of 412 teacher candidates, 194 women and 218 men, studying at sports science faculties of universities in Ankara, participated in the research. “Personal Information Form”, “Individual Innovativeness Scale” and “Positive Future Expectation Scale” were used in the data collection process. During the data analysis phase, Independent Samples T test, One Way ANOVA analysis, Pearson correlation analysis and Multiple Linear Regression Analysis were used in the SPSS 25.0 program. The research found that the individual innovativeness levels and positive future expectations of the teacher candidates were above the medium level. It was found that the individual innovativeness levels and positive expectations of teacher candidates differ according to the type of university (public, private) and the class they study in (p <0.05). It was observed that there was a positive relationship between the individual innovativeness level and positive future expectation among the teacher candidates participating in the research (p<0.05), and it was also determined that the individual innovativeness level positively affected the positive future expectation (pz0.05). As a result, it can be said that the high level of individual innovativeness in teacher candidates is a factor that increases positive future expectations.

Machine Learning in the Analysis of the Mechanical Shredding Process of Polymer Recyclates.

Artificial intelligence methods and techniques creatively support the processes of developing and improving methods for selecting shredders for the processing of polymer materials. This allows to optimize the fulfillment of selection criteria, which may include not only indicators related to shredding efficiency and recyclate quality but also energy consumption. The aim of this paper is to select methods of analysis based on artificial intelligence (AI) with independent rule extraction, i.e., data-based methods (machine learning-ML). This study took into account real data sets (feature matrix 1982 rows × 40 columns) describing the shredding process, including energy consumption used to optimize the parameters for the energy efficiency of the shredder. Each of the 1982 records in a .csv file (feature vector) has 40 numbers divided by commas. The data were divided into a learning set (70% of the data), a testing set (20% of the data), and a validation set (10% of the data). Cross-validation showed that the best model was LbfgsLogisticRegressionOva (0.9333). This promotes the development of the basis for an intelligent shredding methodology with a high level of innovation in the processing and recycling of polymer materials within the Industry 4.0 paradigm.

ANALYSIS OF THE INVESTMENT CLIMATE OF DENMARK

The investment climate is a key factor for attracting capital, stimulating innovation and strengthening competitiveness. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of the in- vestment environment in the country, assess its attractiveness for foreign investors, and reveal the main factors affecting the development of business in Denmark as one of the leading countries of the European Union. The analysis of the investment attractiveness of the country is based on the research of available data, official reports and other sources of information. A general overview of the current investment climate in Denmark indicates that the country continues to be an attractive destination for investors. The country is known for its stable economy, high level of innovation and strong legal system, which creates a favorable environment for investment. The article carried out a thorough analysis of not only the main macroeconomic indicators, but also a comparative anal- ysis of investor protection, analyzed the dynamics of the corruption perception index, the level of education among the country’s population, and analyzed the innovative environment of Denmark. In addition, the article discusses the types of risk for investing in the Danish economy. Denmark’s successful competitiveness is due to a combination of several factors: emphasis on innovation and research, high quality education, flexible labor market, efficient infrastructure, state support for en- trepreneurship and a stable political and economic situation. The results of the study provide con- crete recommendations for government and business, promoting investment attraction and sustain- able economic growth in Denmark. The country has significant potential for further development of its investment climate thanks to numerous advantages, in particular in the fields of green energy and information technology. Denmark is pursuing an energy efficiency policy and phasing out fos- sil fuels, as well as investing in digital infrastructure. However, there are certain risks, such as po- litical and legislative changes, geopolitical factors, changes in international trade and market com- petition, which may affect investment activities in the country. Investors need to carefully analyze these risks and take them into account in their risk management strategies.

Investigation of the effect of bio-ap-irga dietary supplements on the composition and properties of yogurts

Today, consumers pay special attention to the quality of their products. They also expect a high level of innovation. Thus, the dairy sector's supply is increasingly focusing on the use of various additives with proven health benefits. The modern market of functional products consists of 65% dairy products. The basis of the technology of functional food products is the modification of traditional products, which ensure an increase in the content of useful ingredients in them to a level correlated with the physiological norms of consumption. Many scientific studies from different regions of the world are engaged in research, and their goal is to identify herbal supplements that have a beneficial effect on the human body. A specific feature of plant raw materials is the ability to synthesize a large number of various chemical compounds of various natures that have physiological activity. This article presents the results of studies on the effect of a biologically active additive obtained by using whey protein concentrate, saskatoon berries and mountain ash. The results of the physico-chemical, organoleptic parameters of yogurt obtained using the developed dietary supplement are presented. It was found that the content of proteins, vitamin C, and polyphenols in the finished yoghurts significantly increased. An increase in antioxidant properties was noted. The data obtained indicate the biological value of the developed yogurt was enriched with BIO-AP-IRGA dietary supplement.

Breaking the ecological freeze: leading sustainable energy into a higher level of innovation

Breaking the ecological freeze: leading sustainable energy into a higher level of innovation

The Effect of Theory of Planned Behavior (TBP) and Creativity-Based Industry Perception on Digital Entrepreneurship: An Innovativeness as Mediator

This research delves into the factors influencing digital entrepreneurial intention using the Smart PLS algorithm for data analysis. The analysis results strongly support the proposed hypotheses, with indicator values above 0.6 indicating the reliability of variables in the context of digital entrepreneurial intention. The main findings affirm that innovation plays a key mediating role in connecting attitude, subjective norm, and self-efficacy to digital entrepreneurial intention. It is also found that excessive digital entrepreneurial self-efficacy can hinder innovation, and a positive industry perception does not always correlate with high levels of innovation. Creativity proves to be a key element, positively impacting digital entrepreneurial intention and innovation. Other factors, such as planned behavior theory and digital literacy, also contribute positively to digital entrepreneurial intention and innovation. This research provides in-depth insights into the complex interaction of key factors in shaping attitudes and digital entrepreneurial intention. This conclusion has significant implications for the development of a dynamic and innovative digital entrepreneurial ecosystem.